US1819179A

US1819179A - Steam boiler

Info

Publication number: US1819179A
Application number: US81370A
Authority: US
Inventors: Howard J Kerr
Original assignee: Babcock and Wilcox Co
Current assignee: Babcock and Wilcox Co
Priority date: 1926-01-15
Filing date: 1926-01-15
Publication date: 1931-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 1948-08-18

Description

H. J. KERR 1,819,179

STEAM BOILER Filed Jan. 15, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 E I g V I Z i Jill/i INVENTOR ATTORNEYS,

Aug. 18, 1931. J KERR 1,819,179

STEAM BOILER F iled Jan. 15, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 18, 1931. J KERR 1,819,179

STEAM BOILER Filed Jan. 15, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 oo o0 oq so OOOOOOfiO 0o 00 0o 00 INVENTOR A TTORNE Y5 Aug. 18, 1931.

1-1. J. KERR STEAM BOILER 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Jan. 15, 1926 Fi L// Dunn-HUB .HHHHHHHH .UHHUHHHH HUUUHHUHU HHUBHHHU Dunn-UH H HHHHHHUU HUHHHHHU HHHUHHHHHUH H.HH .UHHHHH HHUHUHHUH .HHUUHHHUHHU HHHHDHHH UHUHHHHHU UHUHHHUH.

HHHHHHHH INVENTOR W 9 NEYS ATToR H. J. KERR STEAM BOILER Aug. 18, 1931.

Filed Jan. 15, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 IEVENTOR ATTORNEYS.

Patented Aug. 18, 1931 s'rArEs' PATENT OFFKIE HOWARD J. KERR, OF WE S'IFIELD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE BABCOCK & WIL- COX COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY STEAM BOILER Application filed January 15, 1926. Serial No. 81,370.

ing my invention; Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4' is a section on the line 4.4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a section on the line 55 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a view of a portion of the baffle and tubes looking from the rear of the middle bank of tubes in Fig. 1; Fig. 7 is a section on the line 77 of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a view of a portion of the baffle and tubes looking from the plane 8-8 of Fig. 9; Fig. 9 is a section on the line 99 of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a view of the rear of the middle bank of tubes in Fig 1 looking from the plane 10-10 in that figure; Fig. 11 is a view of the rear bank of tubes in Fig. 1 looking from the plane 1111 of that figure and with the rear row of tubes in that bank omitted, and Figure 12 is a view corresponding to Figure 1 but showing the invention as used in a slightly different type of furnace.

Like reference characters indicate like parts in the different views.

In the illustrative embodiment, the boiler is provided with upper steam and

water drums

10, 11 and 12 and a lower water drum 13, these drums being connected by banks of

tubes

14, 15 and 16 in the usual manner, the front drum 10 and the middle drum 11 being connected by water circulators 17 and the front and middle drums being connected by steam circulators 18 and the middle and rear drums by the steam circulators 19.

The steam outlet 20 is on the middle drum 11 and is connected to the inlet header 21 of a U-tube superheater having an outlet header 22, these two headers being con-- nected by a plurality of U-tubes 23 in the usual manner.

The usual furnace chamber is provided having a fuel gas inlet 24: and a grate 25,

the arch 26 being provided to direct the hot gases toward the lower portion of the front bank of water tubes. A gas outlet 27 is provided at the rear of the rear bank of tubes.

In the arrangement which I have provided the gases, instead of flowing longitudinally of the tubes as is customary in this type of boiler, are directed substantial- 1y at right-angles to the tubes in the several banks. As best shown in Fig. 3, the tubes 14, which are arranged in the usual manner in rows extending across the boiler with the tubes in each row spaced apart, are provided with a plurality of bafies each made up, in the illustrative form, of a vertical row of tiles closing the space between alternate pairs of the tubes in the row with which the bame is associated, each bafile extending from side to side of the boiler. The front bafile is made up of tiles 28, the middle baflleof tiles 29 and the rear bafie of tiles 30. It will be noted that in the preferred form, the openings in the respect ive bafiles are arranged in staggered relation so that the tiles 29 are in the rear of openings formed in the bafile at the front of the bank and also in front of openings formed in the baflie at the rear of the bank.

In the rear of the front bank of tubes is a bafile 31 in front of the superheater headers, this bafile being supported inany desired manner, as, for instance, partly by the tiles 30 and partly by supports 32 connected to some of the tubes of the front row of the middle bank" of tubes.

At the rear of the middle bank of tubes 15 is a baifie made up, in the illustrative form, of separate metallic plates 33, each held to the tubes of the rear row of the bank by U-shaped members 34. The plates 33 are arranged so that their edges across the boiler are spaced apart asullicient distance to permit each plate to expand without interference with its neighbor and each member 34 is connected to an edge of a pair of adjacent plates.

The. plates 33 are provided with slots or openings 35 each preferably relatively narrow and relatively short with their long tube and thenext lower opening is adjacent the opposite side of the tube and so on throughout the length of the baffle.

Between the two rearmost rows of tubes 16 is a bafiie similar to that just described and made up of plates 36 having openings 37 and attached by members 38 in a manner similar to that just described for the baflie made up of the plates 33, the openings 37 being arranged in a manner similar to that of the openings 35.

It will be noted that the battles in the front bank do not extend entirely to the drum 10, but, if desired, they may be continued to that drum. Similarly, it will be noted that the battle 33 is closed at the top and bottom between the drums 11 and 13 and similarly this battle may be made of less length, if desired. The baflle 36 may be continued to the lower drum 13, if desired.

4 With the arrangement described, the gases from the furnace chamber, whether supplied from' gaseous or finely divided fuel as through the inlet 24 or from solid fuel on the grate 25, flow first through the openings in the baflies in the front bank of tubes, this flow being substantially at right-angles to the tubes and, by reason of the staggering of the openings in the baffles in this bank, the gases are diverted from their normal path as they flow acrossrth e bank. The flow across the bank 14 is rendered approximately uniform, by reason of the free passage for gases provided adjacent the top of the bank, and the bafiied path provided for the gases across the lower part of the bank. By having the front baffle made up of the tiles 28 closely adjacent the front of the bank, proper temperatures in the combustion chamber may be maintained which would not otherwise be possible.

Preferably, I make the battles in the front bank of tile because of the greater heat of the gases passing across the front bank but the baflies in or on the middle and rear banks are conveniently made of metal plates and such metallic baffles can be maintained both, because of the lower temperature of the gases flowing over such banks as well as the contact between the tubes with which such respective baflies are associated.

By arranging the

openings

35 and 37 in the respective battles in the middle and rear banks in the manner indicated, the gases are directed elosely'in contact with the several tubes and, by reason of their staggered relation, the flow of the gases in definite channels is prevented and improved heat transmission obtained thereby. Moreover, the positioning of the openings closely adjacent the tubes to which the bafiie plates are attached causes the gases to impinge on the tubes of the next row. This creates a turbulence and prevents the flow of the gases in lanes.

The baflie 31 prevents the direct impingement of the gases flowing through the baflie 30 on the superheater headers and, at the same time, the superheater tubes themselves are contacted with the gases after they have passed the first bank of water tubes.

In Figure 12 the invention is shown as applied to a furnace which does not employ the arch 26. While the invention may be used with either type of furnace it is preferable to use it with a furnace of the type shown in this figure. Similar parts have been designated by similar numerals and, therefore this figure will not be described in detail. \Vith the exception of the arch 26 the structure shown in this figure is substantially identical with what is shown in Figure 1.

Vhile I have illustrated my invention in connection with a boiler having upper and lower drums, it will be understood that certain features of my invention may be used with other tube arrangements.

I claim:

1. In a water tube steam boiler, upper and lower water chambers, a bank of tubes arranged in rows and connecting the water chambers, the tubes being spaced apart in the rows, a .furnace chamber in front of the bank, a gas outlet at the rear of the bank, and a battle extending across the boiler be hind one of the rows of tubes, said baflie having openings therein adapted to cause the furnace gases to flow therethrough substantially at right-angles tothe tubes and said battle comprising a plurality of separate plates and connections between each plate and the tubes of the adjacent row.

2. In a water tube steam boiler, upper and lower water chambers, a bank of tubes arranged in rows and connecting the water chambers, the tubes being spaced apart in the rows, a furnace chamber in front of the bank, a gas outlet at the rear of the bank, and a batfie extending across the boiler behind one of the rows of tubes, said baffle having openings therein adapted to cause the furnace gases to flow therethrough substantially at right-angles to the tubes, and said bafile comprising a plurality of separate plates and connections between each plate and the tubes of the adjacent row, the adjacent vertical edges of the plates being positioned behind a tube.

3. In a water tube steam boiler, upper and lower water chambers, a bank of tubes arranged in rows and connecting the water chambers, the tubes being spaced apart in the rows, a furnace chamber in front of the bank, a gas outlet at the rear of the bank, and a baffle extending across the boiler behind one of the rows of tubes, said bafile having openings therein adapted to cause the furnace gases to flow therethrough. substantially at right-angles to the tubes, said openings being relatively short and narrower than the spaces between the tubes, said openings being arranged in rows .vertically with the openings in successive rows staggered and each positioned closely adjacent a tube.

4. In a water tube steam boiler, upper and lower water chambers, a plurality of banks of water tubes connecting said water chambers, said tubes being arranged in rows across the boiler with the tubes spaced apart in the rows, a furnace chamber in front of the front bank of tubes, a gas outlet at the rear of the rear bank of tubes, a battle in the front bank extending across the bank and vertically for at least the major portion of the length of the tubes and having openings adapted to cause the gases to flow across the bank substantially at right-angles to the tubes, and a superlieater behind the front bank, said superheater having inlet and outlet headers extending across the boiler in the rear of said bafiie in the front bank, and a solid battle between the front bank and said headers, to prevent impingement on said headers, of the streams of gases flowing through said openings.

5. A water tube steam boiler having water tubes arranged in rows and a metallic bafile extending across the boiler adjacent to one of said rows, said baflle comprising a plurality of separate metallic plates and connections between each plate and the tubes of the adjacent row, the adjacent edges of the plates being positioned behind a tube in said row, each of the plates having a plurality of rows of openings therein, each narrower than the space between the tubes in the row and each opening positioned closely adjacent a tube.

6. A water tube steam boiler having water tubes arranged in rows and a metallic baflie extending across the boiler adjacent to one of said rows, said bathe comprising a plurality of separate metallic plates and connections between each plate and the tubes of the adjacent row, the adjacent edges of the plates being positioned behind a tube in said row, each of the plates having a lurality of rows of openings therein, eacli narrower than the space between the tubes in the row and each opening positioned closely adjacent a tube and the openings in successive rows along the length of the tube being staggered relatively to the openings in adjacent rows.

7. A water tube steam boiler having tubes arranged in rows, and a bafiie extending across the boiler adjacent to one of said rows, said bafie comprising a plurality of separate plates and connections between each plate and the tubes of the adjacent row, the adjacent edges of the plates being positioned behind a tube in said row, and each plate having an opening therein narrower than the space between the tubes in the row, and positioned closely adjacent a tube.

8. A water tube steam boiler having water tubes arranged in rows and a bafile extending across the boiler adjacent to one of said. rows, said bafiie comprising a plurality of separate plates and connections between each plate and the tubes of the adjacent row, the

adjacent edges of the plates being positioned behind a tube in said row, each of the plates having a plurality of openings therein, each narrower than the space between the tubes in the row and each opening positioned closely adjacent a tube, and the openings being staggered relatively to each other.

9. In a water tube steam boiler, an upper and a lower water chamber connected by a vertically extending bank of tubes, a furnace chamber in front of said bank and having a source of heat adjacent its bottom, said tubes being arranged in rows across the boiler, and a plurality of bafies each extending across the boiler and having openings to permit certain of the gases from the furnace chamber to flow transversely through the bank, said bafiies terminating below said upper chamber to permit gases to flow unbaflled over the upper ends of the tubes.

10. In a water tube steam boiler, an upper and a lower water chamber connected by a vertically extending bank of tubes, a furnace chamber in front of said bank and having a source of heat adjacent its bottom, the gases from said source flowing transversely of said bank, means .bafliing said flow across the lower portion of the bank, and means forming a passage across the upper portion of the bank.

v11. A water tube steam boiler havin tubes arran ed in rows, and a baflle exten ing across t e boiler adjacent to one of said rows, said bafile comprising a plurality of separate plates and connections between each plate and the tubes of the adjacent row, said plates having a plurality of o enings, each opening being narrower than t e space between the tubes and positioned clos'elv adjacent to a tube.

HOWARD J. KERR.