US1816872A - Process of refining lubricating oils - Google Patents
Process of refining lubricating oils Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1816872A US1816872A US339738A US33973829A US1816872A US 1816872 A US1816872 A US 1816872A US 339738 A US339738 A US 339738A US 33973829 A US33973829 A US 33973829A US 1816872 A US1816872 A US 1816872A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- lubricating oil
- lubricating
- stock
- lubricating oils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000286 fullers earth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 oXy Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G19/00—Refining hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G71/00—Treatment by methods not otherwise provided for of hydrocarbon oils or fatty oils for lubricating purposes
Definitions
- Patented Aug. 4, 1931 was STATES PATENT orrica WIRI D. RIAL, OE WATSON, CALIFORNIA PROCESS OF REFINE-1G LUBBICATING OILS No Drawing.
- hydrocarbons of the naphthenic series in ad dition to certain undesirable percentages of sulphur bearing hydrocarbons, unstable unsaturated hydrocarbons and oxygenated products.
- An ob ect of the invention is to refine lubrieating oil stocks derived from an asphalt or mixed base petroleum oil so as to economically produce a treated oil which will not emulsifyandcommingle with water or a water solution of caustic soda;
- Another object of the invention is to produce a lubricating oil suitable for lubricating steam turbines or other machinery.
- Another object of the invention is to produce a lubricatingoil of high purity and substantially free from emulsifying constituents.
- Another object of the invention is to prolose a high grade lubricating oil substantially free from resins, gums, organic acids,
- Another object of the invention is to accomplish the above with a minimum loss in the final yield of the lubricating oil stock.
- lubricating oil distillate derived by fractional distillation, at a rereduced pressure, from an asphalt base rosiduum or fuel oil from which the lower boiling oils have been separated is continuously discharged into re-run stills and therein continuously subjected to a second distillation at a reduced pressure, care being taken that no air comes into contact with any of the products of distillation.
- process of refining lubricating oils which comprises treating lubricatingoil stocks or distillates with a water solution of potassium hydroxide, agitating with steam under a pressure greater than at mospheric, and at a temperature of approxi- I veiition to prevent any air contact with the I lubricating'oil stock or distillate prior to this 7 "treated with acid at the rate of approximately I mately-280 to 300 degrees ii. to dissolve and separate emulsifying constituents before any substantial oxidation can take place.
- That step in theprocess of refining lubricating oil stocks comprising, separating by Vacuum distillation a lubricating oil stock from an asphalt or mixed base crude petroleum oil, immediately with the exclusion of air condensing and re-distilling the lubricating oil stock as produced, condensing the ire-distilled lubricating oil stock with the exclusion of air and immediately treating the same in liquid phase with a water solution of potassi- 'um hydroxide in the presence of steam to separate the oxidizable constituentstherefrom.
- a water solution of potassi- 'um hydroxide in the presence of steam to separate the oxidizable constituentstherefrom.
Description
Patented Aug. 4, 1931 was STATES PATENT orrica WIRI D. RIAL, OE WATSON, CALIFORNIA PROCESS OF REFINE-1G LUBBICATING OILS No Drawing.
hydrocarbons of the naphthenic series in ad dition to certain undesirable percentages of sulphur bearing hydrocarbons, unstable unsaturated hydrocarbons and oxygenated products. I
These sulphur bearing hydrocarbons, unstable unsaturated hydrocarbons and oXy genated hydrocarbons must be separated as 9 con'ipletely as possible from the more stable hydrocarbons'in order to produce a lubricating oil of'high quality.
By Well-known methods, the treating of lubricating oil stocks derived from an asphalt or mixed base crude petroleum oil requires the use of relatively large amounts of sulphuric acid, caustic soda and a final decolorizing treatment with a decolorizing agent, such as Florida fullers earth. acid-treated montmorillonite, magnesium silicate and the like. such treatments the lubricating oil stock produced, although purified to a com- 'paratively' high degree, may contain small. percentages of impuritiessuch as oxygenated hydrocarbons in sufiicient amounts to emulsify' with water when employed in steam turbines or for other lubricating. purposes where the oil comes into contact with steam or Water. c
I am aware that certain methods are now known whereby lubricating, oil stocks from c an asphalt or mixed base crude petroleum oil may be specially treated to eliminate these impurities, but such processes involve either the use of expensive re-agents such as alcohol and the like, or other such methods which result in low yields. I
Now,.I have discovered a process whereby these difficulties may be overcome and a high grade lubricating oil produced which will Application filed February 13, 1929. Serial No. 339,738.
not emulsify when commingled with water,
steam, or a water solution of caustic soda and one which can be employed for any kind of lubrication Without further special treatments.
An ob ect of the invention is to refine lubrieating oil stocks derived from an asphalt or mixed base petroleum oil so as to economically produce a treated oil which will not emulsifyandcommingle with water or a water solution of caustic soda;
Another object of the invention is to produce a lubricating oil suitable for lubricating steam turbines or other machinery.
' Another object of the invention is to produce a lubricatingoil of high purity and substantially free from emulsifying constituents.
Another object of the invention is to pro duce a high grade lubricating oil substantially free from resins, gums, organic acids,
phenols, organic sulpho-acids, unstable unsaturated hydrocarbons and corrosive sulphunbearing hydrocarbons.
Another object of the invention is to accomplish the above with a minimum loss in the final yield of the lubricating oil stock.
Other advantages of the invention will appear in the'practical use of the same and from the following description.
For illustration, lubricating oil distillate derived by fractional distillation, at a rereduced pressure, from an asphalt base rosiduum or fuel oil from which the lower boiling oils have been separated, is continuously discharged into re-run stills and therein continuously subjected to a second distillation at a reduced pressure, care being taken that no air comes into contact with any of the products of distillation.
The vaporized products from the re-run stills are condense-d, allowing no contact of air therewith, and immediately subjected to 'a pressure treatment with a water solution of potassium hydroxide in the presence of steam which is employed to commingle the lubricating oil stock and the water solution of potassium' hydroxide. This operation is carried out in accordance with the process as given in the pending application of John C. Black and Wirt D. Rial, Serial No. 187,110,
filed April 27, 1927, process of refining lubricating oils, which comprises treating lubricatingoil stocks or distillates with a water solution of potassium hydroxide, agitating with steam under a pressure greater than at mospheric, and at a temperature of approxi- I veiition to prevent any air contact with the I lubricating'oil stock or distillate prior to this 7 "treated with acid at the rate of approximately I mately-280 to 300 degrees ii. to dissolve and separate emulsifying constituents before any substantial oxidation can take place.
. Therefore, it is an essential step of this intreatment with potassium hydroxide The separated treated lubricating oil stock I after the treatment under steam pressure with the water solution of potassiumv hydroxide is 3% toas'high as l pound or a little higher, of 66 degree Bauin sulphuric. acid per gallon of oil,-by methods'welldrnown in the art; f The acid-treated oil separated from the ac d reaction products, is then subjected to a neutralization. operation consisting in commingling the oil with calcium hydroxide and an adsorbentv clayla-t'ateinperature. of approximately 300 degreesF., after which the treated oil is separated frointhe calciumhy- Y dioxide and adsorbent Clay CODt&1I11ng the adsorbed constituents, this operation being conducted in accordance-with the pending application of John C. Black, l/Vii't D. ltialand Raymond T. Howes, Serial No. 104,836,:fi1ed April 26, 1926, process of purifying petroleum oils, granted October 10, 1928, Patent No. 1,709,203 of April 16, 1929..
2. That step in theprocess of refining lubricating oil stocks, comprising, separating by Vacuum distillation a lubricating oil stock from an asphalt or mixed base crude petroleum oil, immediately with the exclusion of air condensing and re-distilling the lubricating oil stock as produced, condensing the ire-distilled lubricating oil stock with the exclusion of air and immediately treating the same in liquid phase with a water solution of potassi- 'um hydroxide in the presence of steam to separate the oxidizable constituentstherefrom. In testimony whereof I affix my signature. WIRT D. RIAL.
The lubricating oil stock, atter'the aforeyVVh ile the process herein described is well adapted for carrying out the object of the-in vention, it is to be understood that :VflllOHS changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and'the invention includes all; such changes and modifications as come with-in the scope of the appended claims. i "What Iclaim is: v I n 1. Thatstep intheprocessi of refining iii- A bricating oil stock's,comprisi ng, separating by vacuum distillation a lubricating 011 stock vfrom an asphalt or mixed base,crudepetroleum oil, continuously and immediately with the exclusion of air condensing and re-dis tilling the lubricating oil stock asproduced,
continuously condensing the re-distilledlubricating oil stock with the exclusion of air and immediately treating the'fsame in liquid 7 phase with a water-solution ofpotassiumhydroxide in the presence of steam to separate the oxidizable constituents theref rom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US339738A US1816872A (en) | 1929-02-13 | 1929-02-13 | Process of refining lubricating oils |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US339738A US1816872A (en) | 1929-02-13 | 1929-02-13 | Process of refining lubricating oils |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1816872A true US1816872A (en) | 1931-08-04 |
Family
ID=23330368
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US339738A Expired - Lifetime US1816872A (en) | 1929-02-13 | 1929-02-13 | Process of refining lubricating oils |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1816872A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2627496A (en) * | 1950-02-25 | 1953-02-03 | Stratford Eng Corp | Process for washing acid treated distillate |
-
1929
- 1929-02-13 US US339738A patent/US1816872A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2627496A (en) * | 1950-02-25 | 1953-02-03 | Stratford Eng Corp | Process for washing acid treated distillate |
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