US1815479A - Zinc base alloy - Google Patents
Zinc base alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1815479A US1815479A US462141A US46214130A US1815479A US 1815479 A US1815479 A US 1815479A US 462141 A US462141 A US 462141A US 46214130 A US46214130 A US 46214130A US 1815479 A US1815479 A US 1815479A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- zinc base
- silicon
- copper
- alloy
- manganese
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 48
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 48
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title description 36
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 36
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 35
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 25
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 18
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 11
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- WCCJDBZJUYKDBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Cu] WCCJDBZJUYKDBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/02—Alloys based on zinc with copper as the next major constituent
Definitions
- This invention relates to zinc base alloys, and more particularl to such alloys for die casting andthelike.
- zinc base alloys suitable for die casting and known and in extensive use, and under favorable conditions have a comparatively high tensile strength, relatively high impact strength and fair ductility.
- a zinc base die casting alloy commonly in use at the resent time contains about 4% aluminum, abofit 3% copper, about 0.1% magnesium,- and the balance zinc. It is widely used in the die casting industry. Tests have shown, however, that the strength of this alloy, like all other known zinc base alloys, decreases with time after casting. The decrease in physical properties is particular- 1y marked it the cast alloy is heated in the resence of water vapor. This and other rnown zinc base alloys are subject to.
- t is, therefore, an object of this invention to'produce an improved zinc base alloy which is adapted to be cast in permanent and sand molds, and is also especially adapted for die casting.
- a particular object is to produce an improved alloy which. is not subject to intercrystalline corrosion or at least in which this corrosion is greatly decreased, and especially in which the corrosion attack in the presence of moisture and heat is greatly decreased and practically eliminated.
- the invention involves the addition of a 1930. Serial No. 462,141.
- zinc base alloys and more particularly to a zinc base alloy containing copper.
- silicon when added to zinc base copper alloys produces an alloy which is very resistant to deterioration by corrosion even under adverse conditions of heat and moisture, and furthermore, produces an alloy which is not subject to undosirable changes in physical properties or to structural or equilibrium changes.
- Silicon can be used alone with the zinc and copper or in combination with any of the following metals such as manganese, magnesium, nickel, iron, cobalt or chromium.
- the silicon alone has a hardening eflect and gives improved physical properties to the zinc base copper alloy, but it is desirable under certain conditions in addition to silicon to add one or more of the other metals to the zinc base copper alloy.
- Zinc base alloys containing copper, particularly from about 1 to about 15 percentof copper, are greatly improved by the presence of silicon -from approximately .005 to about 5%, and the alloy may be further improved by the addition of small amounts of magnesium, manganese, nickel, iron, cobalt or chromium as further described.
- Such alloys have high tensile strength and are much less subject to corrosion, and particularly are more resistant to corrosion in the presence of warmth and moisture than heretofore known zinc base alloys. Furthermore, ageing or deterioration in physical properties. such as tensile and impact strength when unaccompanied by corrosion, is much less in these alloys.
- magnesium is its efiect in reducing or eliminating the deleterious eii'ect of impurities such as lead which may be present in commercial grades of zinc.
- the presence of aluminum is of further advantage if the alloy is to be used for die casting due to its action in preventin the atcopper and relatively small amounts of silihardener such as silicon in conclparatively con.
- silihardener such as silicon in conclparatively con.
- the silicon is preferably from about .08 to about .15%, but may vary from about .005 to about 5%.
- ⁇ Vhen aluminum is added it is preferably from about .25 to about 35%, but may vary from about .005 to about 10%.
- the manganese is preferably from about .035 to about 045%, but may vary from about .005 to about 5%.
- the percentage of magnesium is preferably from about .02 to about .03%, but may vary from about .001 to about 2%.
- the present preferred alloy is a zinc base alloy containing about 2.5 to about 3.5% copper; about .25 to about 35% aluminum; about .08 to about 15% silicon; about .035 to about 015% manganese, and about .02 to about 03% magnesium.
- the alloys of the invention have good casting properties, low shrinkage, practically no expansion and corrosion after exposure to heat and moisture, and deteriorate much less in physical properties as measured by strength, elongation. and 1mpact value as compared with the now known zinc base alloys.
- a zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, and about .005 to about 5% silicon.
- a zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about 5% silicon, and about .005 to about 5% manganese.
- a zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about'5% silicon, and about .005 to about 10% aluminum.
- a zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about 5% silicon, about .001 to about 2% magnesium and about .005 to about 5% manganese.
- a zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about 5% silicon, about .001 to about 2% magnesium and about .005 to about 10% aluminum.
- a zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about 5% silicon, about .001 to about 2% magnesium about .005 to about 5% manganese, an about .005 to about 10% aluminum.
- a zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 8% copper, about .025 to about .3% silicon, about .01 to about .1% manganese, about .025 to-about 1% aluminum and about .01 to about 25% magnesium.
- a zinc base alloy containing about 1.5 to about 5% copper, about .05 to about 20% silicon, about .02 to about .05% manganese, about .05 to about .50% aluminum and about .01 to about 05% magnesium.
Description
Patented July 21-, 1931 -UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PASCAL J. MORELL, OF WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN BRASS COMPANY, OF WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNEC'ILIC'U'J;
ZINC BASE ALLOY Ho Drawing. Application filed June 18,
This invention relates to zinc base alloys, and more particularl to such alloys for die casting andthelike. it the present time zinc base alloys suitable for die casting and known and in extensive use, and under favorable conditions have a comparatively high tensile strength, relatively high impact strength and fair ductility. A zinc base die casting alloy commonly in use at the resent time contains about 4% aluminum, abofit 3% copper, about 0.1% magnesium,- and the balance zinc. It is widely used in the die casting industry. Tests have shown, however, that the strength of this alloy, like all other known zinc base alloys, decreases with time after casting. The decrease in physical properties is particular- 1y marked it the cast alloy is heated in the resence of water vapor. This and other rnown zinc base alloys are subject to. a certain inter-crystalline oxidation or corrosion in the presence of warmth and moisture, causing swelling, warping and loss of strength. Still further, changes occur, in these alloys upon ageing at the ordinary temperatures unaccompanied by serious inter-crystalline oxidation, which changes may result in serious loss or decrease of certain physical properties of the alloy, such as tensile and im act strength,
t is, therefore, an object of this invention to'produce an improved zinc base alloy which is adapted to be cast in permanent and sand molds, and is also especially adapted for die casting. A particular object is to produce an improved alloy which. is not subject to intercrystalline corrosion or at least in which this corrosion is greatly decreased, and especially in which the corrosion attack in the presence of moisture and heat is greatly decreased and practically eliminated.
It is also an ob'ect of the invention to produce an alloy 1n which deterioration in strength is less than in the known alloys, and
in which the change in physical properties as measured by tensile strength, elongation and im act value is small, thus making it particular yyaluable "for die casting and similar purposes.
The invention involves the addition of a 1930. Serial No. 462,141.
small amounts to zinc base alloysand more particularly to a zinc base alloy containing copper. I have found that silicon when added to zinc base copper alloys produces an alloy which is very resistant to deterioration by corrosion even under adverse conditions of heat and moisture, and furthermore, produces an alloy which is not subject to undosirable changes in physical properties or to structural or equilibrium changes.
Silicon can be used alone with the zinc and copper or in combination with any of the following metals such as manganese, magnesium, nickel, iron, cobalt or chromium. The silicon alone has a hardening eflect and gives improved physical properties to the zinc base copper alloy, but it is desirable under certain conditions in addition to silicon to add one or more of the other metals to the zinc base copper alloy. Zinc base alloys containing copper, particularly from about 1 to about 15 percentof copper, are greatly improved by the presence of silicon -from approximately .005 to about 5%, and the alloy may be further improved by the addition of small amounts of magnesium, manganese, nickel, iron, cobalt or chromium as further described. Such alloys have high tensile strength and are much less subject to corrosion, and particularly are more resistant to corrosion in the presence of warmth and moisture than heretofore known zinc base alloys. Furthermore, ageing or deterioration in physical properties. such as tensile and impact strength when unaccompanied by corrosion, is much less in these alloys.
A further reason for adding. magnesium is its efiect in reducing or eliminating the deleterious eii'ect of impurities such as lead which may be present in commercial grades of zinc.
The presence of aluminum is of further advantage if the alloy is to be used for die casting due to its action in preventin the atcopper and relatively small amounts of silihardener such as silicon in conclparatively con. To these alloys may be added any of 3p the other metals above mentioned. The silicon is preferably from about .08 to about .15%, but may vary from about .005 to about 5%. \Vhen aluminum is added it is preferably from about .25 to about 35%, but may vary from about .005 to about 10%. The manganese is preferably from about .035 to about 045%, but may vary from about .005 to about 5%. The percentage of magnesium is preferably from about .02 to about .03%, but may vary from about .001 to about 2%.
That is, the present preferred alloy is a zinc base alloy containing about 2.5 to about 3.5% copper; about .25 to about 35% aluminum; about .08 to about 15% silicon; about .035 to about 015% manganese, and about .02 to about 03% magnesium.
Other percentages within the limits given will produce alloys having improved physical properties and are useful alloys, but the specific preferred alloy mentioned appears to have the best physical properties, especially for die casting, and seems to retain these properties with the least deterioration either by ordinary ageing or by corrosion in the presence of heat and moisture. Thus, an alloy containing approximately 32% aluminum; 2.91% copper; .10% silicon; 023% magnesium; and 04% manganese was found on test to have zero expansion or at least less than .0002 inches expansion on a six inch specimen after exposure to water vapor for ten days at 95 degrees C. The tensile strength as cast was about 32,300 pounds per square inch, and after exposure to water vapor and heat for ten days at 95 degrees C. was about 27,530 pounds per square inch. Elongation as cast was about 1.38% and after exposure as specified 88%. With the Charpy type of impact test it showed an impact strength of 31.6 foot pounds per square inch as cast, and after exposure as specified 18.7. It also had good casting characteristics.
As a result of my investigations, I have found that the percenta es of silicon substantially as specified in t e zinc base copper alloys produces an alloy with increased resistance to inter-crystalline corrosion. The efi'ect of the silicon alone is not as great as when used with one or more of the other elements as specified. In other words, if we leave out the magnesium, for example, in the specific preferred alloy above mentioned, we get a desirable alloy with good physical properties and small expansion, but by including the magnesium, the properties are improved still further and the expansion still further reduced or practically eliminated. It is further'to be noted in all of the above mentioned zinc base copper silicon alloys containing man anese, that iron, chromium, cobalt and nic el may each be used as a substitute for the manganese, and would act similarly to the manganese. Investigations indicate that best results are secured when in the zinc base copper alloy, or zinc base copper aluminum alloy, silicon, manganese, and magnesium are used, or some of the elements mentioned substituted for the manganese. I, therefore, Wish it to be understood that in the claims specifying manganese with silicon I can substitute iron, chromium, cobalt or nickel in place of the manganese, and intend the claims to cover this.
In effect, the alloys of the invention have good casting properties, low shrinkage, practically no expansion and corrosion after exposure to heat and moisture, and deteriorate much less in physical properties as measured by strength, elongation. and 1mpact value as compared with the now known zinc base alloys.
Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, what I claim is: g
1. A zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, and about .005 to about 5% silicon.
2. A zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about 5% silicon, and about .005 to about 5% manganese.
3. A zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about 5% silicon, and about .001 to about 2%-magnesium.
4. A zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about'5% silicon, and about .005 to about 10% aluminum.
5. A zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about 5% silicon, about .001 to about 2% magnesium and about .005 to about 5% manganese.
6. A zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about 5% silicon, about .001 to about 2% magnesium and about .005 to about 10% aluminum.
7. A zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about 5% silicon, about .005 to about 5% manganese, and about .005 to about 10% aluminum.
8. A zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 15% copper, about .005 to about 5% silicon, about .001 to about 2% magnesium about .005 to about 5% manganese, an about .005 to about 10% aluminum.
9. A zinc base alloy containing about 1 to about 8% copper, about .025 to about .3% silicon, about .01 to about .1% manganese, about .025 to-about 1% aluminum and about .01 to about 25% magnesium.
10. A zinc base alloy containing about 1.5 to about 5% copper, about .05 to about 20% silicon, about .02 to about .05% manganese, about .05 to about .50% aluminum and about .01 to about 05% magnesium.
11. A zinc base alloy containing about 2.5 to about 3.5% copper, about 0.25 to about 0.35% aluminum, about .08 to about .15%
silicon, about .035 to about 045% manganese, and about .02 to about .03% magnesium.
12. A zinc base alloy containing approximately 3% copper, .30% aluminum, .10% silicon, 025% magnesium, and 04% manganese. Y
In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.
' PASCAL J. MORELL.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US462141A US1815479A (en) | 1930-06-18 | 1930-06-18 | Zinc base alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US462141A US1815479A (en) | 1930-06-18 | 1930-06-18 | Zinc base alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1815479A true US1815479A (en) | 1931-07-21 |
Family
ID=23835302
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US462141A Expired - Lifetime US1815479A (en) | 1930-06-18 | 1930-06-18 | Zinc base alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1815479A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2728657A (en) * | 1950-09-25 | 1955-12-27 | Gen Motors Corp | Process of making zinc base alloys |
| US4057424A (en) * | 1975-06-13 | 1977-11-08 | Italsider S.P.A. | Zinc-based alloy for coating steel |
| US4647308A (en) * | 1984-06-18 | 1987-03-03 | Copper Development Association, Inc. | Soldering compositions, fluxes and methods of use |
| DE3633338A1 (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1988-04-07 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | METAL INSERT, IN PARTICULAR MONOMETAL INSERT FOR STEERING WHEELS |
| US4965046A (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-10-23 | Noranda Inc. | Creep resistant zinc-aluminum based casting alloy |
| US5945066A (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-08-31 | Griffin; James D. | Zinc-copper based alloy and castings made therefrom |
| CN106702212A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-24 | 上海交通大学 | Medical degradable Zn-Cu-X alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| US20210335516A1 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2021-10-28 | Universite Du Quebec A Chicoutimi | Aluminum Conductor Alloys Having Improved Creeping Resistance |
-
1930
- 1930-06-18 US US462141A patent/US1815479A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2728657A (en) * | 1950-09-25 | 1955-12-27 | Gen Motors Corp | Process of making zinc base alloys |
| US4057424A (en) * | 1975-06-13 | 1977-11-08 | Italsider S.P.A. | Zinc-based alloy for coating steel |
| US4647308A (en) * | 1984-06-18 | 1987-03-03 | Copper Development Association, Inc. | Soldering compositions, fluxes and methods of use |
| DE3633338A1 (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1988-04-07 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | METAL INSERT, IN PARTICULAR MONOMETAL INSERT FOR STEERING WHEELS |
| US4965046A (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-10-23 | Noranda Inc. | Creep resistant zinc-aluminum based casting alloy |
| US5945066A (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-08-31 | Griffin; James D. | Zinc-copper based alloy and castings made therefrom |
| CN106702212A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-24 | 上海交通大学 | Medical degradable Zn-Cu-X alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| US20210335516A1 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2021-10-28 | Universite Du Quebec A Chicoutimi | Aluminum Conductor Alloys Having Improved Creeping Resistance |
| US11532407B2 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2022-12-20 | Universite Du Quebec A Chicoutimi | Aluminum conductor alloys having improved creeping resistance |
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