US1814036A - Rotary valve for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

July 14, 1931.

c. HAWK'\ 1,814,036

\ onny VALVE FOR INTERNAL couBus'rIoN mamas Filed July 10. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 R -Inue 1for Attorney July 14, 1931; F. HAWK I 1,814,036

26mm VALVE FOR INTERNAL coususyrofl mamas Filed July 10. 1929 2 Shuts-Shoot 2 v Inventor (brliifizwiz M s fl god v A iiomey Patented July 14, 1931" cAR r. HAWK, or BELLEVUE, oHIo ROTARY VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Application filed July 10, 1929. Serial No. 377,130.

This invention relates to an improvedrotary valve for internal combustion engines and has as its primary object the provision of an improved valve of this type, my inven- 6 tion being applicable to all fluid pressure motors, compression pumps, or other contriw ance, used to gain-power or pressure in the form of a piston and cylinder.

A very important object of this invention 1 is further to reduce in the valve and its operating mechanism, the number of parts, characterized by a simplicity of construction, thus allowing the easy replacement of parts, yet at the same time, causing no loss of power, butrather the construction being such as to cause better compression than is now obtained by similar types of valves.

"Theinvention to obtain 'such advantages as above enumerated consists in the forma tion of a valve, consisting of a disc like' body whose peripheral edge is provided with teeth, the assembled valve resembling a gear wheel, the same to be driven by a relatively smaller gear to permit of proper timing of may be brought'at the proper time in alternate registration with the intake and exhaust port of the combustion chamber. The invention further contemplates the provision of suitable means whereby the drive gear may be actuatedfrom the crank shaft, re- 7 gardless of the type of gear or crank shaft, and thevalve. disc actuated by the drive gear to revolve in the cavity in the head or upper part'of the cylinder or both. i

Another object of this invention is ,to provide a valve of this type which may be readily applied to an engine Without materially altering the engine, entailing no change in either the construction or position of the intake and exhaust ports of, the combustion chamber, my valve being adapted for ready application thereto and for positive opera tion therewith. jQther objects-and advantages of the invention will become apparent during a study of the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, fwheteiiizfl v 1 a fragmentary side elevation the valve so that the single port in the valve ofan internal combustion engine, my invenfully illustrating'the application of my invention.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary detail vertical sectional view through the cylinder head of the engine, showing the manner in which my improved valve is adapted to be disposed in the cylinder head. t W Vith reference more in detail to the draW-. ings, it will be seen that I "have designated generallyjbythe"reference character 5, an internal combustionengine to which my invention may he applied. Theicylinders of the engine arejindicated as at 6,'the engine block as at 7 and 8 designates th-ehead of the engine. As illustrated the head 10 is provided with a plurality of intercoinmunicatiI-ig cavities or're'cesses 9 formed'therein, one of said cavities 9 being provided for each of the cylinders. On each of'the extremities 9 are provided an inlet port 10 and an exhaust port 11.

In the embodiment illustrated, I have shown a four cylinder type'of engine audit is to be noted that end cavities 9 communicate with the inner adj acent cavity but these inner adjacent cavities donot communicate directly with one another. Interconnecting the innermost cavity there is provided a cavity 12 formed of 'a relatively smaller diameter than the cavities 10. The purpose of this cavity 12 will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

As shown to advantage in Figure 4, the heads of each ofthe cylinders 6 merge into a spark plug receiving neck'13, the same being tubular and extending axially ofthe respective recesses 9. Supportedin'the neck'13. and communicating with the combustion chamber of the cylinder is a conventional sparkplug 14. The valve 15 which is substantially disc like is provided with a central opening 16 through which the neck 13 extends, the valve 15 being'adapted for rotation about an axis, 011 it's peripher'y, each of the 'discvalves 15 are provided with gear teeth17. 'jEach of the disc valves 15 located in the intercommunieating recesses 9 have their teeth in mesh with one another as clearly illustrated in Figure 3. In other words, the valve discs 15 are arranged in pairs, the valves of the respective pairs meshing with one another. Also as indicated by the arrows in Figure 3, they direction of rotation of the intermeshing gears of the respective pairs is in operative directions with the result that the gears in the end recesses have their direction of rotation similar, and the intermediate valves also rotate in the same direction but in a direction opposite to that direction of rotation of the end valve. The initial movement to the valve is imparted by a'gear wheel 18, in mesh with one of the endmost valves 15, as shown to advantage in Figure 3. The direc tion of the rotation of the gear 15 is indicated by the arrow so as to cause that rotation of the respective discs as before stated. The gear 18 is splined to the upper end of a shaft 19, which shaft rises vertically at one end of the internal combustion engine 5, the said upper end of the shaft 19 being journaled in a suitable bearing bracket 20, which bearing bracket 20 is secured to one end of the engine head 8. The shaft 19 is'adapted to receive its rotary motion through the medium of suitable operative connection with the crank shaft (not shown). The gear wheel 21 is arranged in the recess 12, this gear 21 being in the nature of a plain gear wheel and is adapted to mesh with the teeth of the inner valve disc 15 as shown. This gear may be termed the connector gear. The connector gear 21 is also splined on one end of a vertical shaft 22, suitable means being provided in the engine 5, for the reception of the shaft 22. At its opposite end the shaft 22 has suitable connection with the crank shaft of the engine, its connection and the crank shaft also not shown.

Each of the valve discs 15 is provided with a suitable port 23 adapted to register alternately with the intake and exhaust port of its respective cylinder. To completely enclose the valves 15 within their recesses, the head 8 is provided ith a. suitable'cover 24, of a length and width corresponding to the head, said plates being secured in position upon the head for this purpose, through the medium of suitable bolts or rivets or like fastening elements 25.

The head or cover plate 2 1 is of course suit ably formed with spaced openings adapted to receive the upper portion of the neck 13 of the respective cylinders. The cover plate 24 is also provided with suitable openings 26, said openings adapted to be disposed in registry with the intake and exhaust ports respectively, formed inv the engine head and located within each of the recesses 9. Certain of the openings 26, of course, being formed to receive the extremities of the branch pipe 27 of the exhaust port 28, the other of said openings 26 with which register the intake ports being likewise formed so as to receive the lower ends of the branch pipes 29 of the intake manifold 30.

It will be readily understood that as the gear 18 is adapted to be driven from the engine by any suitable connection with the crank shaft thereof it will be operated at the desired speed by their intermeshing with one another through the medium of the gear teeth, the gears of the respective pairs being connected through the medium of the connector gear 21 to effect operation of all of the valves with one another, to properly control the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust ports of their respective cylinders and operate continuously in the usual way.

From the foregoing then, it will be seen that my device is very simple in construction, consists of but few parts, and that by enclosing the valve in the cavities as disclosed, friction and wear is reduced to a minimum, since the valves are protected from the continual explosion in the cylinder, which arrangement at the same time allows the carbon to form a more positive sealing of the cylinder as it is used.

It will be also readily appreciated that a mechanism of this type may be lubricated by force, powered by a pump as now used on many types of motors.

Such a type of lubrication will reach all wearing surfaces, thus giving a more reliable and efficient opening and closing of the valve for controlling the intake and exhaust ports in the usual manner.

, Obviously by forming each of my valves as it were to provide their own gear and then so positioning the valves in relation to one another as to have inter-meshing relation only a minimum number of gearing other than that constituted by the valve itself is necessitated, thus rendering my mechanism as a whole very simple without in any way de teriorating from its quality of operation. Further,it will be appreciated that a valve and mechanism of this type, besides being economical in construction and maintenance will be also positive in operation, strong, durable and otherwise well adapted for the purpose designed.

Even though I have herein shown and described the preferred embodiment of my in vention, it is to be understood that the same is susceptible to changes fully comprehended by the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a head including a plurality of recesses formed therein, said recesses being arranged in pairs, the recesses of the respective pairs intercommunicating, said recesses respectively provided with a tubular part adapted to support therein a spark plug for supporting the latter in operative position to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine, a rotary disc valve arranged in each of said recesses, said valve hav ing an opening for accommodating said tubu lar spark plug supporting member, each of said recesses being provided with an intake and exhaust port, each of said valves provided with an intake and an exhaust port for registering with the first mentioned port, said valves having teeth formed on the peripheries thereof, the valves of the respective pairs adapted to mesh one with the other, a connecting gear with one valve of each pair for transmitting movement from one pair of valves to the other pair of valves, and gear ing meshing with the other valve of said one pair of valves for rotating said valves.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a cylinder, a piston operable in the cylinder, said cylinder at the upper end thereof provided with a combustion chamber, a head for said cylinder, said head provided with a recess, a vertical integral tubular member concentrically arranged in said recess and at its lower end communicating with said combustion chamber, said recess provided with an intake and an outlet port, a disc valve rotatably mounted in said recess and provided with a centrally arranged opening for accommodating said tubular neck, said valve provided with intake and exhaust ports for registry with the first mentioned ports,

and means for rotating said valves.

3. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a combustion chamber, a head, said head rovided with a recess, a tubular neck forme integral with said head, and communicating with said combustion chamber, said tubular neck adapted to support therein a spark plug, a rotary valve arranged in said recess, said valve having an opening for accommodating said tubular neck.

4. An internal combustion engine having, in combination, a head, said head provided with a recess, a tubular neck integral with said head, concentrically of said recess, said neck adapted to support therein a spark plug, a disc valve arranged in said recess, and having an opening for accommodating said tubular neck, whereby the latter provides a journal for said valve, a cover plate for said recess, said cover plate provided with an aperture for accommodating the upper end portion of said tubular neck.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

CARL r. HAWK.

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