US1811084A - Lighting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

June 23, 1931. E. HoLMQvls'r LIGHTING APPARATUS Filed laren 28, 1929 #ma S A WN l IWA/70k Patented June 23, 1931 UNITED STATES P-.rrnNrv onf-1er.g

ERNST EMANUEL lll-IOLllllIQV'IS'JI,` 0F STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, -ASSGNOR TO ELVIRA VICTORIA HOLMQ'V'IST, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN LIGHTING APPARATUS Application ned Maren as, 1929, seran No'. 350,702, and in sweden Manen 3o, 192s.

My invention relates tolighting apparatus and more particularly to reflectors in combination with electric lamps. My invention has for its object primarily to provide a reflector construction designed to be employed especially in conjunction with an electrical light source when supported at a height in a room, whereby the rays of light will be radiated in substantially horizontal and downward directions. Another object isto provide that the ceiling of the room will receive no illumination from the lighting apparatus, that the upper part of the side walls of the room willreceive direct illumination from the light source, that the floor and the lower part of the walls will receive only diffused light from, the reflectors, and that the walls will receive only a minimum of the diffused light. Another object is to provide, that the lighting reflector surfaces, "which are visibleto an eye of normal posi- -tionin the room, will'be ofsuch a size with regard! tothe total light emanation and will have such a uniformly distributed light emanation, that the eye will not be unnecesl sari-ly 'dazzled by the lighting from the reflectors. Y My invention thus eects that only a minimum of light will be absorbed by the ceiling and the 'side walls, that pictures etc. on lthe vupper part ofthe sidewalls will be well illuminated with the most effective 'direct light, that objects on the floor will be well illuminated by diused light, and that the eye in normal position in the room will not Mbe' dazzled by lighting surfaces of unnecessarily high intensity; all cooperating to effect a pleasant 'and high-efficient illumination of the room. A

"A further object of this'invention is to provide the reflectors with adjustable attaching means for varying the relative posin -tions of light source and the reflectors, 'whereby the lighting apparatus can be adapted for use in rooms of dierent size.' f

The reflectors must 'be plane for distributing the lightin desired manner from the greatest height in the room and for giving a.

-ipleasantview of the lighting ap-paratusin daylight and lighting time.

VI consider within the scope of vmy claims without departing fromthe spirit of my inventon.

In the drawings A v Fig. 1 is a side view of a lighting apparatus vwith twoy reflectors, being attached to the ceiling of a room, part of which is shown in s 'ection.

Fig. 2 isa view showing a lighting apparatus with three reflectors.

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation showing the 'lighting apparatus except that the right part of the reflectors are broken away.

Fig. 4' is a fragmentary view showing a plan of the'lighting apparatus.

Referring to the drawings by numerals,

veach of which is usedto indicate same orsimilar parts of the different figures The source of light 10`with lamps' 17 is secured to the ceiling 11 of a room, of which Vis shown a side wall 12. Below thelamps is arranged the plane reflector 13.V About the source of light and above the lamps is arranged the reflector 14.

The reflectors and the lamps are arranged in such a manner asftoilluminate the side walls. of the room to a convenient height Y abovefthe floor (tothe point a.) by directrays from the lamps. yThe floor of the room and .the part of the lside walls below the'pointl a. -will be illuminated only by diused' light. v*from the reflectors.

VThe source 'of lightl() is composed of a 'lamp holder16,`sockets for the lamps, elec tric lamps 17 and means for securing the lamp Vholder to the ceiling, composed of a cross strip 32 secured to the ceiling by a screw 41, threaded rods 33 moveably attached to the cross strip, nuts 38, 39 for clamping the per-- forated part 34 of thelampy holder tothe threaded rods 33. The sockets 18 are secured in openings inthe lamp holder by screws 19.

The lamps 17 may be provided reflecting surface 20.

The upper vreflector with an upper 1 4: has a central openof translucent leather supported by metal rings 21, 22. The upper ring 22 is attached to a metal ring 23, from which the reflector 13 is suspended by means of detachable metal hooks 31 resting on the ring 29. The reflectors and rings may be of circular, square, oval or other shape. The relative heights of the lamps and the reflectors are varied by varying the heights of the nuts 38, 39, 40, and effects that the point a. may bepositioned at desired heights in rooms of `different size and shape.

Refracting pendants may be arranged between the reflectors and suspended from the higher of them. These pendants 35 serve for shielding the direct light from part of the side walls and may be arranged non visiblefor the eye.

The upper reflector may consist of a group of more 'reflectors i. e., as shown in Fig. 2, where the group consists of the two reflectors 15, 44. Thus the general feature of my lighting apparatus has an upper group of reflectors, which group consists of one or more reflectors. Of all the reflectors always a higher placed reflector is larger than a lower placed reflector.

The visible part of the reflectors may be painted with decorative figures, whereby the lighting apparatus acts as a ceiling piece both at daylight and when the lamps are lighted.

The lighting apparatus is described and preferably adapted for being secured to the ceiling of a room but may also be secured t0 the side wall of a room.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States'is: 1. The combination with a. source of light, of a lower substantially plane reflector and ain upper plane reflector'group, the lower reflector being translucent a-ndlight diffusing and arranged below the light source, and in the way oflat least the vertical and nearvertical direct rays from the light source, higher placed reflector Vbeing ilarger than lower placed reflector. v

2. The combination with a source of light,

Vof a lower substantiallyy plane reflector and an upper plane reflector group, the source of light being composed of a lamp holder and lamps, the -lower reflector being translucent andarranged below the lamps, higher placed reflector being larger than lower placed reflector, all reflectors beinglight diffusing.

3. The combination with a source of light, of an upper and a lower substantially plane reflector, the source of light being composed of a lamp holder and lamps, the lower reflector being translucent and light diffusing and arranged below the lamps, the Vupper reflector being larger than the lower reflector and light diffusing.

4. The combination with a source of light, of an upper and a lower substantially plane reflector, the source of light being composed of a lamp holder and lamps, the lower reflector being translucent and light diffusing and arranged below-the lamps, the upper reflector being larger than the lower reflector and arranged above the lamps.

5. The combination with a source of light, of an upper and a lower substantially plane reflector, the source of light being composed of a lamp holder and lamps, the lower reflector being translucent and light diffusing and arranged below the lamps, the upper reflector being larger than the lower reflector and having a substantially central opening for the source of light, the opening being smaller than the lower reflector.

6. The combination with a source oflight, of an upper and a lower substantially plane reflector, the source of light being composed of a lamp holder and lamps, the lower reflector being translucent and light diffusing and arranged below the lamps, the upper reflector being light diusing `and larger than; the lower reflector and arranged above the lamps and having a substantially centrall opening for the source of light, the opening being smaller than the lower reflector, the two reflectors being adjustably attached to' the source of light.' Y .Y f y.

7. The combination with a source Vof light, of anupper and a lower substantially plane reflector, the source of light being arranged between thev reflectors and composed of a lampholder and lamps, the lamps being electrical incandescent Jlamps, sockets for the lamps beingjsecured in apertures in the lamp holder, and means `for securing the lamp holder to lthe ceiling being adjustably attached to the lamp' holder. 8. The combination with a source of light, of an upper and a lower substantially plane reflector, the source of light being composed .of electric lamps, a hollow lamp` holder, sockets for the lamps, secured to the lamp holder, and -means for securing the lamp holder to the ceiling, means for'adjustably supporting the reflectors, the lower reflector being translucent and light diffusing andarranged below the lamps-the upper reflector being! light diffusing and larger' tha-n the lower reflector, being arranged above the lamps, vand having a substantially, central opening for the source of light'smaller than thelower reflector, refractive pendants being secured to the upper reflector. f f

9. The combination with a source of light, of an upper and a lower substantially plane reflector, the source, of light being composed of electric lamps, a hollow lamp holder, sockets for the lamps and means for securing the lamp holder to the ceiling, the lower reector being arranged below the source of light, the upper reflector being larger than the lower reflector, being arranged above the lamps and having a substantially central opening for the source oflight7 the opening being smaller than the lower reflector, both the reflectors being substantially circular and parallel and composed of translucentand light diffusing leather attached to metal rings, the metal rings of the upper reflector being adjustably connected to the means for securing the lamp holder to the ceiling, the metal rings of the lower reflector being detachablT connected to the metal rings of the upper reflector by metal hooks.

In testimony whereof I afx my signature.

ERNST EMANUEL HOLMQVIST.

Images