US1810629A - Coke oven - Google Patents

Description

June 16, 1931. c, L, 1,810,629

COKE OVEN Filed May 17 35 -4 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 16, 1931.

c. STILL COKE OVEN Filed May 17 192 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 C. STILL COKE OVEN June 16, I931.

' 4 Sheets- Sheet 3 Filed May 17 92 June 16, 1931. c. STILL 1,810,629

COKE OVEN Fi1ed May 1'7, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 E fi m m/ o Patented June 16, 1931 wherein the Fig- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CARL STILL, 0F REdKLINGEAUSEN', GERMANY COKE OVEN Application filed May 17, 1926, Serial No. 109,791,

This invention refers to the art of treating coal in horizontal or vertical chamber ovens for producing coke and gas, and concerns means for removing the volatile products of dry coal-distillation at the central portions of the coal charge, particularly near the bottom of the chamber, in order to recover the volatile products in as uncracked a state as possible- There are observed in materializing an arrangement of the kind mentioned, which are based on the building up of chamber coke ovens, horizontal as well as vertical, that is to say, on the existence of two vertical heated chamber walls of fairly large area opposite each other in relatively small space. First, the points on which the gases will be removed at the midst between the two chamber walls, have to be placed in horizontal direction substantially over thetotal length of the chamber; second, the necessary apparatus or elements of construction must not interfere with the charging and discharging of the chamber contents. Moreover, there is to be taken account for the expansions by heat of the apparatus in question .which arise from the temperatures varying temporarily and locally within the chambers. These expansions increase sometimes considerably due to the large dimensions of the apparatus in question. Likewise, the necessity of rendering the said apparatus for removing thegases hermetically tightcauses many difliculties.

The main object cording to my invention istoj comply with the conditions stated above in a manner very advantageous.

In the drawings annexed Fig. 1 represents a vertical cross section along the line 1-1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 represents an elevation partly as a longitudinal section taken'along the line 22 of Fig. 1, the said Figs. 1 and 2 showing one embodiment of my invention applied to a' horizontal coke oven; Fig. 3 is a representation similar to Fig.1, but show,- ing a somewhat modified form; Figs. 4, 5 and 6 show details of the arrangement according to Figs. 1 and2 in an enlarged scale, 6 isa horizontal section two principal conditions to be p of the arrangements ac-v and in Germany May 18, 1925. 7

along the line 6-6 of Fi however apply substantial y to the modification according to Fig. 3 also.

In the first embodiment according to Figs. 1 and 2 there are hanging on the roof a of the cokeoven chamber vertical pipes 72, reaching in the midst between the chamber walls 0 within the coal charge near to the bottom of the chamber and constituting a straight row arallel to the-chamber walls, extending nearly over the total length of the chamber in its horizontal axis. At the upper ends, the pipes b are joined by bends d to a collecting and suction main 6. By this arrangement the charging holes f, constructed in the usual manner, can be placed without any trouble as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. At the bottom ends the pipes are open, in order to permit free entering of the gases and vapours to be removed. The pipes of cast metal and of such a cross sectional shape (see Fig. 6), that same are limited by two oppositely located parallel surfaces g.- Between two pipes adjacent each other in the row loosely fitted plates h, likewise made of cast metal, are inserted and arranged in such a manner, that the surfaces of these plates 71. are substantially flush with the surfaces 9 of the pipes b. 'Hereby the plates 71. are-fitted to the surfaces of the pipes 72 by ribs m and bosses 71. 'By this arrangement of the pipes b and plates h a plane, cohesive wall of substantially uniform thickness extending throughout the total length of the chamber is secured. The upper edges of the uppermost plates h project a little from the topsurface of the coal charge. The free space between the plates h is closed on this point by a suitable cover, not shown in the drawings, in order .to prevent the coal to be charged through the holes f to drop intosaid space, also to seal undesired passages of the gases formed within the hollow wall and the charge of the chamber.

As the hollow space between the opposite plates h always remains free of coal and is open on the bottom end likewise as the pipes b, it may also be used for removinggases an vapours if desired. For this purpose, near the bottom ends of the pipes I), eventually at b are preferably made .4, which details A higher levels also, special openings 0 are arranged in the side walls thereof facing each other, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. These openings 0 may be arranged additionally, or even same may exist alone to permit the gases and vapours to pass, in 'case the bottom ends of the pipes b are made close.

The modifiedembodiment of the invention shown by Fig. 3 differs from that des-.-ribed before only by the fact, that the pipes b are not hanging on the chamber roof, but are supported on the bottom of the chamber. For this purpose a rail-like support 8 made of metal, and extending in the midst of the bottom over the total length of the chamber is arranged, which is suitably subdivided over its length in many parts on account of its expansions b heat. The bottom ends of the pipes 12 rest y means of a suitable groove t upon the vertical rib of this support which projects from the chamber bottom. By this arrangement the pipes b are supported from below .and at the same time the gases and vapours'are allowed to -escape through the bottom ends of the pipes. All other parts of this second embodiment correspond substantially to the first embodiment shown by Figs. 1 and 2.

- y arranging ovens in the manner described the chambers can be emptied without hindrance after the coking has been finished,

for example sidewards in case the ovens are horizontal, or downwards in case same are vertical. For discharging the horizontal chambers in a horizontal direction the usual pushing machines can be used with the sole' modification that the pushing head and the ramshaft are divided into two vertical parts corresponding to the division of the cross area of the chamber and the charge caused by the wall designed as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. In order to facilitate the discharge the wall may be slightly tapered in the direction of the discharging. Such a slightly tapered wall would also remain within the scope of the invention, and not interfere with the claims for the feature of the substantially tached to existing uniform thickness of the wall.

By the arrangement of the plates h, loose- 1y fitted to each other, the-whole wall and likewise its single portions can expand. due to heat as to its length and height without hindrance. Any remarkable shrinkage or deformation or even fractures are entirely avoided thereb The pipes 6 also remain always complete y tight owing to the possibility of ex anding in all directions, thereby obviating ractures.

In case the arrangement in question is atchamber ovens, the effective cross section area of the chamber and the charge is diminished to a remarkable extent.

Consequently the output of the ovens will be be increased,-which results from the following :As theory and experience have proved,

time of a chamber oven, supposing equa conditions and especially equal intensity of heating in each case of consideration, is proportional to the mathematical square of the chamber width. Therefore, when diminishing the width, the coking is accelerated in a higher degree than the volthe cokin I ume of the coal charge is diminished at the but the speed of operation of the oven is increased in the rate of m x 350 As a result the output comes to 500' 350 350 1 that is to say, by application of the novel arrangement theoutput of the oven is increased by 43%.

It is to be understood, that the shape and arrangement of the pipes b and the plates 15.,

according to Fig. 6, is only one instance of many others possible. For example pairs of opposite plates 7:. could be connected to each other to box-like hollow bodies, similar to the pipes 6. Especially such constructions would be within the meaning of the invention, where the pipes 6, instead of being parts of the wall of the same thickness as the latter, would be placed entirely between the plates 71. and covered by the same, the outside, surface of the wall being formed only by the plates k.

' What I claim is 1. A coke oven comprising two spaced parallel heating walls partially defining a horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal row of vertical suction pipes located within said chamber between the heating walls communicating with said chamber and a common suction main connecting all of said pipes.

2. A coke oven comprising two spaced parallel heating walls partially defining a horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal row of vertical suction pipes having openings at their lower ends, said pipes being located between the two heating walls and a suction main connected to the upper ends of all of said suction pipes.

3. A coke oven comprising two opposite Egrallel vertical heating walls partiall deing a horizontally elongated coking c amber, a longitudinal row of vertically arranged suction pipes located between said heating walls and communicating with said chamber, a suction main connecting all of said pipes and means arranged between the suction pipes in the row and forming with the pipes a partition wall of substantially equal thickness.

4. A coke oven comprising two opposite garallel vertical heating walls partially dea horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal row of vertically disposed suction pipes arranged in said chamber between the heating walls and open at the lower ends, a suction main common to all of the pipes in the row and connected to their upper ends, and means coacting with the pipes and forming therewith avpartition wall of uniform thickness.

5. A coke oven comprising spaced parallel heating walls, a base and a top defining a horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal row of vertical suction pipes arranged within said chamber and open at their lower ends, means for supporting said pipes upon the top and a common suctionmain arranged above the top and connected to all of the pipes in said row.

6. A coke oven comprising spaced parallel vertical heating walls, a base and a top defining a horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal row of-vertical suction pipes arranged between said heating walls, means for supporting each pipe in the row upon the top, said pipes having open lower ends, a common suction main connected to the upper ends of all of said pipes in the row and a plurality of superposed plates coacting with said pipes to form therewith a partition wall of substantially uniform thickness.

7. A coke oven comprising spaced fparallel heating walls, a base and a top de ning a horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal row of vertical suction pipes arranged within said chamber and open at their lower ends, means for supporting said pipes upon the top and a common suction main connected to all of the pipes in said row.

8. A cokeoven comprising spaced arallel vertical heating walls partially defihing a horizontally elongated coking chamber, a longitudinal row of vertical suction pipes arranged within the chamber open at their lower ends and a plurality of vertically arran ed plates extending between and loosely fitting between the suction pipes, and formin with said suction pipes a partition wall of su stantially uniform thickness.

9. A coke oven comprising a coking cham ber defined by spaced vertical heating walls, a base and a top partially defining a horizontally elongated chamber, a longitudinal row of vertical suction pipes open at their lower ends and arranged between said heating walls, a rail element mounted on the base for supporting said suction pipes and a common said heating walls, a common suction main connected to the upper ends of all of the pipes in said row and a plurality of vertically arranged spaced plates loosely fitted between the suction pipes and forming therewith a partition wall of substantially uniform thickness.

11. A coke oven comprising a coking chamber partially defined by a base and spaced parallel heating walls partially defining a horizontally elongated chamber, 'a longitudinal row of suction pipes vertically disposed between said heating walls, and open at their lower ends, a rail member resting on the bottom of the coking chamber and supporting said suction pipes between and (spaced from said heating walls, a common suction main connected to the upper ends of all of the pipes in said row and a plurality of superposed plates arranged in spaced tiers with their sides flush with the sides of the suction pipes, said plates loosely fitting between said suction pipes to allow for expansion and contraction and forming with the pipes a partition wall of width equal to the width of the pipes.

12. A coke oven comprising spaced arallel vertical heating walls partially defining a coking chamber, a row of vertical suction pipes equally distributed in the chamber equidistant between the walls and open at their lower ends and a plurality of vertically arranged plates extending and loosely fitting between the suction pipes and forming with said suction pipes a partition wall. of substantially uniform thickness.

13. A coke oven comprising a coking chamber partially defined by spaced vertical heating walls, a base and a top, a row of vertical suction pipes equally distributed in the chamber equidistant between the walls, open at their lower'ends, a rail mounted on the base for supporting said suction pipes and a common suction flue connected to the upper ends of all of the pipes in said row.

14. A coke oven comprising a coking chamber partially defined by a base and a top and spaced parallel heating walls, a row of'suction pipes vertically disposed and equally distributed in the chamber equidistant between the heating walls and open at their lower ends, 'a rail resting on the base of the coking chamber and supporting said suction pipes, between and spaced from said heating "walls, a common suction main connected to the upper ends of all of the pipes in said row and a plurality of vertically arranged spaced plates loosely fitted between the suction pipes and forming therewith a partition wall of substantially uniform thickness.

15. A coke oven comprising a coking chamber partially defined by a base and spaced parallel heating Walls, a row of suction pipes vertically disposed and equally distributed p in the chamber equidistant between the walls of and open at their lower ends, a. rail resting on the base of the coking chamber and supporting said suction pipes between and spaced from said heating walls, a common suction main connected to the upper ends of all of the pipes in said row and a plurality of superposed plates arranged in spaced tiers with their sides flush with the sides of the suction pipes said plates loosely fitting between said suction pipes to allow for expansion and contraction and forming with the pipes a partition wall of width equal to the diameter of the pipes.

16. A coke oven comprising a coking chamher partially defined by spaced vertical heating walls and having a charging opening in the top over the chamber, a row of vertically disposed suction pipes arranged between said walls and having open lower ends, means for supporting said pipes substantially centrally between said heating walls within the coking chamber and a common suction main disposed to one side and above said coking chamber and out of alignment vertically with the said charging opening, said suction main being connected to the upper ends of all of'the pipes in said row.

11 testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

CARL STILL.

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