US1809283A - Means for controlling fluid pressure breaking mechanism for mining machines - Google Patents

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 9, 1931. E- C, MORGAN MEANS FOR CONTROLLING FLUID PRESSURE BREAKING MECHANISM FOR MINING MACHINES Original Filed June 25, 1920 Eilm June 9, 1931.l E, Q MORGAN 1,809,283 MEANS FOR CONTROLLING FLUID PRESSURE BREAKING MECHANISM FOR MINING MACHINES Original Filed June 25, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 wsu H June 9, 1931. E. c, MO 'f 1,809,283 Y I l l MEAN v RGAN S FOR CONTHOLLING FLUID PRESSURE BREAKING MECHANISM FOR MINING MACHINES Original Filed J une 25, 1920 .5 Sheets-Sheet 5 20 kerf in a mine wall. v l Y Y Other objects vof the 'inventionwill appear hereinafter, the'novel features and combina- PatentedA June Y,9, 1931 p EDMUND Mnnns non conriiormrne FLUID originaiap1icau0a flied Jamai. 1920, seriai No. 391,844. inviamiv aniiiiisvaepiicatibn med neeember ai'.

1924', semi-fno. 758,971.Y

'This invention relates to apparatus operatedby fluid pressure todislodge material iriv amine and 'is particularly adapted for use inv mining machines for mining coal. f

vAn object of the invention is the provision of improved and efficient mechanism for con trolling the operation of hydrostatic break-` ingl devicesadaptedto b .e mounted for' movement with a kerf-cutter into the kerf cutby thelatter.

A furtherfobject provision of apparatus for exerting pressure suddenly on expansible breaking device adapted to be inserted into an incision 15. in a mine Wall.

A further object is the yprovision of imofthe invention is the proved and efcient automatic controlling. Vmechanism for a hydraulically operated egg pansible breaker adapted to be inserted a tions being set forth inthe appended claims.' y 'The present application is adivision .of co-pending application, Serial No; 391,844,

filed June y25, 1920,' for' an improvement in' fluid pressure breaking. mechanism for min-j ing machines. v'In kthe latter isclaimed the l hydrostatic breaker per se and the combina-Q tion of'the same with the kerf-cutter and broadly, ysuch mechanism combined" with 'means' for controllingtlie same, whereas in Vthe present application is'claim'ed the. c ontrollingl apparatus disclosed in Figs.' l tof,

inclusive, and Fig'. 12,.and'tlie combination of such controlling;l apparatus with the breaker broadly, particularly as applied ytofincision making mechanism, such as the kerf-cutter illustrated inFig. 2'.

40 l Referring to the accompanying 'drawings' Fig: lis a sectional elevationalview illus-"v,

trating the automatically controlled` draulic mechanism for transmitting pressureA to hydraulic breakingdevi'ces; 'Figjis an el'vational right hydraulic 'breakers to a: mining. machine for operation in a kerffproducedby vs'iich'mining` machine Fig.' 3 isl a plan View partly in'horizonta'l;

fluidv Y Viewy of 'an j .upf kerf-cutter 'showing the `'application of c. MORGAN, nnen-nenn; LATE oFI-nnw YORK, n. Y.,IBY. OLIVE Enenmn MORGAN,Exner;'.iimr, I

orrv NEWYQRK, n. Y.

Renewed March?, 19,29, 1 l

section of a plurality of'hydraiilic impulse Y.

producing devices; f

' Fig. 4; is a sectional view on the'line'lf-#l of Fig. 3, looking thedirection of the ar rows;

yrige sa secaonaixwiew'frig. a onine' line 5745, looking in tlie direction of the arf rows Fig. 6 is sectional elevation taken through the center of the upper shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 isa sectionalviewof Fig. 6 on the hydraulic breaker' line a;-a, looking'inthe direction of theary:of Fig. 6,' looking in the direction ofthear-.kv

Fig. Slis an elevational View of a modifica-r rig. n iiiusaaie's mbaifipaan Of fthe' structureshown'fin Fig. 6'; and

Fig.`r 12`is a diagrammatic view in sectional elevation of a modification of the valve struc.-

tiire shown'atthefrightdiand portion vof .Fgly

Referring. i0 Figsye, 7 and s, 'which' how the type of hydraulic. breaker particularly adapted foruse in vconnection with kerf-c'utfr ters in mining machines, as shown in Fig. 2,

it will be seen'that this Vbreaker comprises two principal elements relatively .expansible One'of' these elements is in the forr'nof a shallow cup,'as shown at 13y inFigQ YThe otlicrfelement 14g is 'in lthef'forrn of a disc adapted to fit inthe cylindricalrecess `lof thecasing'li. .Thedisc' Mis movable axially l vrelatively to the casing 13' and; therefor inn edect constitutes a plunger which isexpansible 'to the dottedfl'ine position. shown in Fig..V 6, assuming that 17 designates tliesolid portion vof the unmined mass of coal andl8 designates the material Vbetween thekerfy 19. and a ykerfl distant therefroml toward lthe-left,

viewed in Fig. .6'.

" The shallow cylinder 13' as. well .das the plunger Vlflfare relativelythick andjjof ma-4 terial't'ogive theinconsiderable strength for action in a hydraulic breaker of they expansible type. The cylinder 13 may be rigidly secured to the kerf-cutter frame shown in Fig. 2, or the cylinder 13 may be inserted through a circular opening in the kerf-cutter frame 20 so as to leave an annular space 21 between the frame 2O and the cylinder 13, as shown in Fig; 6. In that event the pipe 22 extending through a strap23, as Shown in Fig. 2,

may be relied upon to support the hydraulic breaker in proper position in the circular opening of the kerf-cutter. frame 2O. The pipe 22 may also be secured by an additional strap 24 to the kerf-cutter frame 20, as shown in Fig. 2.V Preferably Ithe pipe 22 passes by the cutter chain 25 on the inside or distant from the solid mine wall 17 shown in Fig. 6. This is effected by'extending the pipe 22 through A.an opening 26 in the korf-cutter frame 20. In a similar manner an additional hydraulic breaker 13, 14, may be mounted at `the lower portion of the kerf-cutter fra-Ine 20, as shown in the dotted lines -in Fig. 2.

The pipe '22 is extended through. a wbracket 23 Aand thence through an opening represented by the oval dotted line 27, in order 4that the pipe may be `secured by the strap 28 to fj Nove1nber3,1914, for

' It should be understood that one or more of theinside surface of the frame 20.

Y' The type of hydraulic breaking mechanism. shown in Figs. 2, 6, 7 Vand 8 is particularly applicable to the two upright spaced-apart side'kerf-cutters shown in the Levin Patentl No. 1,290,591,'granted January 7, 1919, or to the upright side kerf-cutters shown in the Morgan Patent No. -1,116,356, granted Coal mining apparatus.

such hydraulic breakers may be mounted upon each of the upright spaced-apart kerfcutters on their lrespective frames thereof within the boundaries or within thepath of travel of the v'chain-cutters, as shown in Fig.

2 of drawings in the present application.V

When fluid `pressure is exerted through the passage 29 the plunger 14, shown in Fig. 6, V may be forcibly moved out tothe :dotted liney position 16 whilevth'e cylinder 1f3rests firmly against the unmined mass 17, thereby effectingthe breakingdown of the coal 18. Therefore', when spaced-apart upright kerfcutters arefpivoted with such 'hydraulic breakin devices, such as that shown in Fig.

6, the 'p ungers 14 should face .toward keach othery so 'that the opposite breaking Adevices will move toward each other to break down the materialbetween the--kerfs- "In order to limit the'outward movement of the plunger'14 a key '30,is secured to the cylinderl)y by means of the screw 31. The key 30 `ftsinto a slot 32 on the periphery of the plunger 14 parallel to limit 7the outward movement of the plunger 14`relatively to the cylinder 13.

rmedium from the chamber the'l aXis of the latter. This slot 32 terminates short of theV By means of the ring 34 fitting in an annular recess 35, an annular packing 36 angular in cross-section may be secured on an annular seat by means of the bolts 37 screwthreaded into 'the plunger 14. The packing 36 is therefore in the nature of a piston packing to prevent leakage of the fluidpressure within the cylinder 13.

It should be noted that Fig. 7 is a section taken on vthe vline .a-a of Fig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrow 7, the parallel dotted lines adjacent the section line indicatthe hidden edges of the circular opening in the plate 20. Fig. 8 is a section of Fig. 6 on the line a-a, looking in the direction of the arrow 8. It should be noted that the annular portion '39, is the annular seatV on the plunger 14 against which the annular packing A36 rests when secured in position. It should also Ibe noted that the ring 34 is provided with a cylindrical portion'40 in position to Contact with the bottom 41 of the cupshaped recess or opening in the frame 13.

Within the hydraulic breaker shown in Fig. 6 is ay spring 42 the convolutions of which are flat and lit closely against each other when the plunger 14 is within the cylinder 13. One end of the spring 42-is connected to the bottom 41 of the cylinder 13 and the other end of the spring is connected to the inne-r central face of the plunger 14. YInasmuch as Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the -line a-a of Fig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrow 7, reference is made to Fig. 7 as well as the right-hand portion of Fig. 6 to understand the mechanism for connecting one end of the spring 42 to the bottom 41 of the cylinder 13. One end of the spring 42 is turned to a diametrical position, as shown at 43, and a circular frame 44 may be ,placed over the extension 43 and then the bolts 45 and 46 relied upon vto secure the frame 44 against the bottom 41 and thereby clamp the extension 43 securely in position or rigidly in connection with the frame 13.V

The opposite end of the `spring 42 is provided with a diametrical extension or Vlatch 47, as shown 'in Fig. 8, which is a sectional view on the line caf-a, looking in the direction o f the arrow 18. Bolted Ato the inner face or inner'cup-sh-aped central `recess 48 of the plunger 14 are two sector plates 49 and 50 each provided with off-sets to form notches `51 and 52. The plate 49 may beV secured in place by means of the bolts 53 and 54, and the plate 50 may be secured in position by means of the bolts 5,5 and 56. As shown in Fig. '8, the sector -plates 49-a-nd 50 are spaced apart to form a slot between them of sufficient width 4to permit the free insertion therein-of the diametrical extension or latch 47 ofthe spring 42. u

. After the spring 42 is secured to .the bottom 41 ,ofthe cylinder 13 by means-of the construction shown inF ig. 7 and at the-right-y handfcentr'al portion of Fig.` 6, the plunger.'y

14 maybe inserted into the cylinder l13 by slidingl the piston packing 36 along tliecy-y lindrical surface 15. y'lheplunger 14kmay thenbe adjusted in position until thev spring extension or latch 47, shown in Fig. 8, fits in the slot 57.A A spanner Wrench may then be inserted in lthe recesses l58 'and V59 in the l vIn lieu of the spaced-apart diametrically arranged recesses 58k and 59 in thefouter fiat surface'fof'tlie plunger 14, the spaced-apart recesses 60` and 61 shown in Figs. 9 and 10 may be provided ofsuch shape anddistance apart as to receivea Wrench shown in position in dotted lines 62 in Fig. 10. Such spaced apartfrece'sses 60 and 61, especially adapted for receiving a vvrench,.may be provided in addition to the spanner recessesy 58 and v59, and in any event such recesses are preferably located symmetricallywith respectto the center 63 of the plunger 14. v v Y l l vWhen the plunger 14 isinserted the key 30 is disconnected from Vthe cylinder 13. y vThe posit-ion of the lslot 32 inthe plunger 14 relative tothe key itself enables the operatorfto readily `determinevvlien the spring extension or latch 47 is in proper position to enter the slot 57, and after the slot 32has been turned to receive the key 30, the` latter Will lock the extension 47 against turning `rnovementrelativelyl to the notches 51 and'52. It Will thusY be seenjthat the'key 30 andthe slot 32not onlygforml limit stop mechanism forthe plunger 14 but alsolock tlie plunger" 14 in the position where Vthe extension 47 'isunder the off-sets "51 and'52, as sliovvn in F ig.8. The spring is effectively and entirelyenclosedinrza very compact manner Within the i drawn and therefore the fluid pressurey break`r space Which-receives the pressureinedium and therefore the operation ,of -tlie spring is notV interfered AWitherby coalvr dust or other .eX-y traneous material... The spring` acts auto# matically lto restore the plunger Atoits initial position 'when the-'pressure medium: is Wither Will'V always bein readinesswhenever-de- Y sired for insertion into a comparatively nai--v -ro'vv' vkerf. .This arrangementv assures conk ytinuous forward movement of the mining mal lchine sinceV the Vlatter dfoesV not have to be Withdrawn for manual restoration'of therelatively movabl'eparts yof the' breaker. In other Words, bytproviding the spring =on the ina` terior of tlie'breaken'thelatter may be located Within, the boundaries of the,k chain kerf-cut terl and intermittently *operatedl vvliilethe f through the. center of ininingymacliine is continuing itsy forward feeding movements.4 f yli4oreover, `Whenever desired, for repair, cleaninglor otherwise, the key 30 may be removed and the plunger 14 turned anti-clock Wise `to release the sameffromvthe spring ,Y

42 so that ysuch plunger may be Withdrawn from the cylinder 13. f

11 shovvs a-inodification ofthe struc; i

ture shown in Fig.vr 6in that ythe dimensions are smaller ivitli respectto `the diameters and the springniay be released or secured in po sition bythe turning'ofl exposednuts. The

pressurepipe 22 is' connected to'- the cylinder 65 so as to communicate ivitlifthe interior of chamber 66 Whichis provided Witlia cupshaped orl cylindrical recess 67 in which.. fits the plunger or piston 68having van annular packing `69 secured to the inner end vthereof by ineansiof screivs 70. and 71. A A,strong spring 72 iits in a cylindrical channbe-r'7f5,"`

the convolutionsV of the springbeingincontact-klwitli'each other so that lthis spring may y act as an expansion spring to restore the plunger' 68 to its initialV position lWhen the pressure medium in the chamber 66 is With= drawn.l One end of thespring 7 2 Which is located in. 'a recessin the outer surface'of the plungerV 68.` It will be seen that the screw? threaded `endjf74 of the spring 72 passes tliepluiigerl68; n p Y .l TheV outerrscreW-threaded 4 end' of' the spring 72 passes through the center ofthe bottomof the cylinder 65 and receives a nut the outer portion of 775in the recess 78. 7A conically-shaped pro- Y J-ection orspear-liead 79'inay be screvvthreadi` ed .at80vintoth'e recess in Which the nut V75 is.- located..V rlfliis 'conical projection'may be added to the plunger68W-hen desiredto 'forni a pointed instrument or'speanhead for pene tratingthe kerf` cutmaterial such. as' tlratk shown at 18 in Fig. 6 .While-the bottoni of the`r cylinder`65 rests *against the soliduninined mass such-asl tliatshovvn at .17 in Fig. 6. Such a1 pointed. instrument 79'vvill assist in initiallyvsplitting thematerial thus assist# ing in breaking it dovvnand. dislodgingl-it fromthe-unmined mass between the spaced# yapart upright side kerf-cutters n and above .the

un'dercuttiiig k'erf-cutters.

producing iiuid. pressure in such hydraulic :breakersias thosesliovvn'in Figs". Gand 11 Will` be describedy Mountedon theA stationary. frame 81r isja hydraulic cylinder 82 along .Referrin'g'novv to Figfl, tlieappar'atus for Which.y islongitudinally Vmovablefa plunger 83 for forcing thepressure medium 84 into the pipe 22 and tlienceto tlie'liydraulic breakers.

An electric yinotor85 Ais connected by means meansI of this 'pumptlie liquid is pumped from the tank-88 tlirough'the'pipe89 into .the pipeQO and thence into the cylinder 82. f lFrom tliecylinde'r 82 the .liquid-is passedfthrou'gh la Vof gearingl86 toftlieliydraulic pump 87. 'By'v breaker. `This operation is comparatively slow, however, andtheretor additional mechanism is provided, for securing comparatively quick laction of the plungers .and thereby effecthaniimer blows by said plungers on the material to be broken down. When the breaker is operated by means of lthe pump mechanism 4alone it may be automatically restored to initial position by turning the valve 92 so that the pipe 22 will communicate through the valve 92 t-othe tank 88. The spring within the breaker. will then restore Vthe plunger to initial position and cause the pressuremedium therein to flow back through t-he pipe 22 into the tank 88. The latter may be provided with a'screw-threaded cap 93 to close-a illing-openlng.

The apparatus for producing the hammer blow action comprises a large cylinder 94 in which fits a piston 95 connected to a piston'rod 96 coupled at 97 to ythe plunger 83. f A spring 98 is located between oneend of the air pressure cylinder 94 and the piston 95 back of the latter. This spring tends to torce the piston 95 and the plunger 83 toward the lett, but when fthe -electric motor 99 operates the gearing 100', the air pump 101 will torce air under compression into the lcylinder 94, thereby moving the piston'95 toward the right against the `action of the spring 98 until the collar 102 `secu-red yto the vpiston rod 96 engages the lever 103 and swings the latter on its pivot 104 atthe upper end of the bracket 105 Which i is mounted on the frame 106.'

'j Swinging oft-he lever 103 to the right will cause its arm 107 Vto transmit upward movement .to 4 the spring 108 to litt the switch lever i 109 and close the switch 110. Closing of the switch 110 will connect the positive and negative mains through the electromagnet 111 and the motor 85. The le'lectroma'gnet 111 will retain the switch 110 in closed position even aterthe electric motor 85 has operated I to the left suiciently to cause `the lcoupling 97 to enga-gethe lever 103 its upper curve extension 112 will engagethe top ofthe lever 1 109 and thereby automatically and `forcibly open the switch 110 and cut oli' the current f'f-rom .the electric 'motor 85 andthus automatically stop the operation ofthe pump 87.

The 'motor'tor'the air pump is also autoi maticallycontrolled. Whenever the air pressure in thecylinder "94 is sufficient to hold thexpiston 195 totherght, as shown inFig. l,

plunger 83 to the right.

thea'ir pressure exerted through the pipe 113 into the auxiliary cylinder Y114 will move the piston 115 and piston rod 116 vto the right against the action of the spring 117. The piston .rod 116 is pivoted at its right-hand end to the lever 118 which is pivoted at 11.9 to the 1rame-81-y Also pivoted at 119 for movement relatively to the lever 118 is a switch lever- 120 which is connected by a spring i121 to an .arm 122 extending from the lever 118. Y

When the `pressure within the cylinder falls below a predetermined amount, particularly when the coupling v97v engages the lever 103, the spring 117 will move the switch lever 120 to the dotted lineposition -and'thereby cause the closure of the switch 123. The electremagne` 124 will then be energized to hold the switch 123 in closed position and the circuit through the motor 99 will be closed to cause the operati-cn ot lthe air pump 101. l/Vhen the air pressure in the cylinder 114 is suliicient to move the `piston 115 to the right a suflicient distance to cause Ithe :finger 125 to engage `the switch lever 120 and move the latter to the lett, the switch 123 will be automaticallyopened` and the current automatically cut otf from the motor 99 to eii'ect an automatic stopping of the operation of the air pump 101.

From the foregoing it will be seen that considerable air pressure Vmay always be maintained on lthe piston 95 tending to `move the Therefore, whenever-the valve 92 isl opened to establish communication betweenthe cylinder 82 and the pipe 22, the air pressure vaccumulator will act very quickly to cause .the-flow of the liquid. from the cylinder 82 through the .pipe 22 linto the hydraulic breaker and operate the latter with -a hammer blow whether the pump 87 is operating at such time yor not. When the valve 92 is opened and such hammer blow on the hydraulic breaker is effected, the plunger 83 will move to the right. llVhen the-plunger .83 has been moved to the right to the position shown in Fig. 11, the switch 110 will be closed `and the motor 85 automatically started to operate the pump 87 and produce sutlicient pressure in the cylinder 82 to again move the plunger 83 to the lett, until the coupling 97 effects the opening of `the switch 11:0 and the r'stopping-.of the motor 85v which in turn stops the pump 87. It will thus be seen that while the hydraulic pump .87 .supplies the pressure to the liquid in the cylinder 82 'the `quickinitial operation of the hydraumer blow V-initially which may be supplemented automatically by the operation of the pump when the plunger 83 moves a sullicient distance to the right, as v.viewed in lFig. 1.

Th-e .greater the .number fof timesthat the.

. hereinbe'fore mentioned.; In Fig. 12 is shown a modification; ofthe valve 92 of Fig.. 1. The-full line kpositi'onoi:`

hydraulic breakers are operated,`the more often mustthefhydraulicpump 87 be automatically operated to restore the lpressurein the cylinder 82. During normal'operatlon the.

piston 95 may occupy a position intermediate the ends 'of the cylinder 94C where thecollar 102 and coupling 97 will be equally spaced from' the lever 103. breakers havebeen operated a number of times the collar 102 lwill engage the Vlever 103 to effect the starting .ofthe pump V87 and when pressurehas been restored 'sufficiently in the cylinder 82 the coupling 97will en-v gage the lever103 and cutvoiifthev currentv 4from motor 85.'- /Aftier'this' occurs the hydraulic breakers may still beoperated by thel air pressure accumulator until therehas been suilicient 'flow of the pressure 'medium 4811 from the cylinder 82 to cause the-collarV 102 to engage the lever103 and close the switch 110. The` entire system is automatic and under-.the vcontrolA of an operator who merely manipulatesthe valve 92. p fr J It should-be noted that when desired the hydrostaticexpansibledevice shown in Fig. 6 may beoperated so as to be expanded to a limited extent where the bottom of the cylkerf, the kerf Vis kept -open by preventing the walls 17 and18 fromfmoving toward each other andtherebybinding o1" the ker-cutter in theikerf is preventedand freeffeedin'g! movement of such -ker-cuttergis facilitated. Whenever desired the valve 92'm`ayr be operated to securethe breaking down operations the valve 92? is obtainedswhen theflever. for operatingthisvalve ofccupiesthe position indicated by the dottedline 126. Communicationwill then befestablished betweenzthe pipes 9.1f'and 22. When-j the operating leverI 'A is in. the position indicated-'by the dot-anddash yline/127, communicationiwill bev established between the pipes 91 and 128. and' alsobetweenthe pipes 22k and 128. A Whenthe operating lever is in theposition of the Vdot-anddashy line .129, communication' will `be. .established between vtliepipes22-A and 128. By means ofthe valve thus arranged, communication may first be establisliedbetween the 'pipe 91 and pipe .'22 tofa hydraulic b're-akerftoli-llV the same entirely with the pressure medium'.

such as water.; Nowfifthe lever y.is turned AfterA thehydraulic to the-position 'shown at 127 the plunger 83 will' tend to move rapidly toward the right vand then ifthelever is turned back to the f position 126 the continued movement-of the plunger 83 will cause a sudden yhammer blow to be exerted onthe plunger of thehydrau 'lic breaker. When the operating lever isV turned to the position shown at 129`the breaker will be automatically restored to initial position. It should also 'be' noted that the operating lever'may be turned to establish communication between the pipes 91 andV 22 and then quickly moved to the position shown at"129 to establish communication betweenl the pipe 22 andthe pipe 128. Furthermore, wheneveritis desired toeliect the'koperation of the pump 87, the position 127' couldfbe efvfected so vthat' the plunge-r 83 would move toA the right luntil the lever 103 vcloses the switch 11'0-and starts the motor 85.

Y InA Figs.'3, 4L and 5 is shown a modification of the ystructure shown inFig. 1,' in that separate cylinders130 and 131 are provided instead of the single cylinder 820i Fig. 1. In

this manner independent'control ,of the pressure medium through the pipes 22 and 22V leading to the hydraulic breakersy is obtained,

one located on one'upright` sideker-cutter A and.thefotherlocated on another upright sidey i hert-cutter, the kerf-cutters being spaced y apart.

-s shown in Fig.A 3, the piston rod` 96 isk connected coupling97 to two space-dapart plungers 132, 133, respectively movable in the cylinders 130 and 131, which vare locatedl in a casting 134l secured to the frame 81. Leading downwardl-yfrom the righthandend portionsv of the cylinders '130fandr 131'are pipes135 and136 in which valves 137r and 138 are locatedplthesejvalves being Vsimi-'1 lar to that designated 92 in Fig. 1, which are separately and independently controllable by ,Y

meansof the levers 139 and 140'.r

`-There are two pumps 141", andv 142 peach; f similar to that desighatedv 87,'and both conp nectedto be operated.simultaneously by the power 'transmission mechanism 86 shown in Fig. 1.l` Pipes 143 and y144s lead' upwardly fro'nithese.puinpsjto the 'cylinders 130 andv v131in the same manner that the pipe 90 leads f upwardly romyjthefcylinder 82 in Fig.v 1..

-Thismay'beseen by referring to Fig.Y Li'which is aV sectionalelevation ofQFig. 3 onthe line 4L- 11, .looking in the directionV` oi the arrows.

Fig'. 5 isa sectionalelevation of Fig. 3, look-` in@ in the direction of the arrows or Jfrom v right to left. p y It should-.also be understood that the kerfcutter shown in Fig. 2 may be mounted on a.

longwall machine-'or on any other typev ot ke'r-ct1tter'1`making a kerf lspaced back t'rom theiace of the' mine Wall so that VVa hydraulic cutter may act to exert-pressure towards the breaker 'mountedjon the frame of' 'thekerf--n jl'ree face to dislodge coal from the unmined 130 mass. In other Words. the breakingmechanism herein disclosed is adapted to be moimted on a kerl-cutter which forms a kerl in a mine Wall spaced from the free -lace or Working face of the coal. The breaking mechaynism will then constitu-te hydrostatically actuated means carried by the kerl-cutter to exert pressure towards such free face to dislodge the coal. p y

Obviously those skilled in the art .may make various changes in the delails and arrangements of parts herein disclosed Without departing from the spirit and scope ol' the invention as 'defined by the claims hereto appended, and it is therefore desired not to be restricted to the precise construction herein disclosed. y

kHaving thus fully disclosed an embodiment ofthe invention, what is desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the Unit-ed States is y l. In apparatus for producing fluid preusure, the combination with a hydraulic cylinder, of reservoir, a pump Jfor supplying liquid to said cylinder from said reservoir, a conduit to convey liquid from said cylinder to a hydraulic breaker adapted to be used in a mine vein, and avalve insaid conduit for controlling th-e flow of liquid from said cylinder to said reservoir in one predetermined position oftlie valve and to direct the flow from said: cylinder through said conduit to said breaker When said valve is in another predetermined position;

ln apparatus for producing liquid pressure for operatingra hydraulic breaker for use in a mine vein, the combination with a hydraulic cylinder, el a reservoir, a pump to: supply liquid to said hydraulic cylinder from said re'ervoir, a plunger for displacing some of the liquid in said cylinder, means for eX- erting pressure vonsaid plunger tending to nove the latter into. and along said cylinder,

a conduit to convey liquid from said hydrauliccylinder to the hydraulic breaker to loperate the latter, and a valve to permit the flow of liquid fromy said cylinder to said reservoir to secure movement of said plunger along said cylinder when said valve is in oneA predetermined positionand to connect said cylin- V der through said rconduit to lsaid breaker when the valve is in another predetermined position and `While the said plunger is moving along said cylinder.

y 3. In apparatus for producing luid pressure, the combination with an air accumulator comprising a cylinder, of a piston positioned with said cylinder, a piston rod connected to said piston to move therewith, a hydraulic cylinder having a central longitudinal airis common with the central longivtudinal raxis of said lirst-named cylinder, a

plunger connected to said piston rod tomcve bodily'therewith and Vextending into said hy- Y draulic cylinder to movev along the latter,

n for-operating said pump. f

8. In apparatus for producing` fluid presnfieansfor introducing air under compression into said cylinder to act on said piston to urge the latter tom-ovesaid plunger into and along s aid hydraulic cylinder, and means cont-rolled by the pressure in sai-d cylinder for automatically stoppingsaid airinti-'oducifng means,

` l.k In apparatus for producing Huid pressure, the combination with a hydraulic cylinder, of a plunger for-displacing som-e off the fluid said hydraulic Vcylin der, apunip for replacing sai-d displaced liuid When said plunger isretra-cted, means for automatically operating said pump when said plunger is in a predetermined position, and an air cy in'- der for forcing` said plunger into said hydraulicv cylinder 5. ln apparatus lor producing fluid pressure, the combination with 'an' air accumulator, of automatic means controlled by pressure in said accumulator to stopai-ifl restart the same, pumfp tc supply compressed air thereto, a piston Within said accumulator, a piston rod secured to said piston to move therewith, a hydraulic cylinder, plifinger extendinginto and' movablev along said hydraulic. cylinder, said plunger being connect'- y ed to said piston rod to move bodily therewith and having a central longitudinal axis com-mon with the central loifigitufd'i'nal airis of said piston rod and of said hydraulic cylinder,'1neansfor conducting' liquid from. said hydraulic cylinder, and. means for supplying liquid to' said hydraulic cylinder.

on ln apparatus for producing lluid pressure, the combination with an air accumulator` comprising a cylinder, of a pump to supply coiaipresse'd air to said accumulator, a pis'- ton for movement'in said cylinder, an auxiliaryl cylinder connected to said' first-named cylinder, andV mechanismI connected to said auxiliary cylinder for starting the operation of said pump when the air pressure in said tiret-named cylinder' drops to al predetermined an'roiunt andto discontinue the operation oli-said pump-when the air pressure in said first-named cylinder reaches a' predetermined amount.

7.In an apparatus for producing fluid pressure, the combination With a fluid pressure reservoir', of a hydraulic cylinder, a plunger for displacing some of the liquid within said hydraulic cylinder, a pump connected to said hydraulic cylinder and operable to"y relill said hydraulic cylinder When said plunger is vpartially Withdrawn therefrom, and means controlled by said plunger sure, the combination With an air accumulator comprising a cylinder, of a hydraulic cylinde-r out of communication with said firstnamed cylinderA and" spaced therefrom 'and having its axis infalinement with theaxis ofv said accumulator cylinder, a piston in said accumulator cylinder, and aplunge'r eX- les' tending into said hydraulic cylinder, the latter being connected toV said 'piston to move bodily therewith u'henthe came moves along said accumulator cylinder. 1.

9. In apparatus for producing` Huid .pressure, the combinationwith an air accumulator, or' a hydraulic cylinder out ot communication with said airy' accumulator, a plunger extendinginto said hydraulic cylinder, and a piston rod coupled between saidpiston Vand said plunger to cause the latter ,to partalre of the movements of the piston along said accumulator. A c

10. In apparatus 'orproducing iuidpressure,the combination lwith an airacoumulator, ofa piston Within said accumulator, a hydraulic cylinder positioned apart from said accumulator' and out of communication therewith but having` a central longitudinal axis common With vthe centi'al longitudinal axis of said accumulator, a plunger comprising-an extended piston rod positioned for` fluid from said lhydraulic cylinderto said reservoir, a pumpior pumping luidfroin said reservoir to :said hydraulic cylinder, and a manually operated valveldisposed in said conduit for controlling the flow of the liquid from said hydraulic cylinder and 'tosaid reservoir. f

Y 12. In apparatus'to'r producing luidpressure, the combination with an'accumulator,

of means comprising a pump for maintaining a-'constant moderate pressure -in said accumulator, a hydraulic cylinder, a plunger for' said hydrauliccylinder connected to said accumu-VV lator for producing suddenA increased` pressure and impact, and-a'. valvetorcontrolling thefreqiiency of such; impacts, andautomatic meansfor controlling said pump.,

13. yThe combination lwith mechanism for producing fluid pressure, of van airaccumuc lator aA aumA foi-asu l inv'compressed air 7 b i i to-said'accumulator, an auxiliary cylinderhaving a spring opposed piston operable by the pressure Within said accumulator for controlling saidpump, yandimeans motivated by saidfair accumulator vfor` producing `a plu. rality of successive impulses.

u 14. In apparatus for producingluid pres-y sure, :the combination "with, anfextended pis-- ton rod having a; plunger secured at one end thereof` and 'a pistonsec-ured at the other, of a hydrauliccylinder positionedto receive said plu-nger, an adjustable stop positioned onsaid A.piston rod near the piston end of the same, a. stop positioned on saidpiston rod near the plunger endk of `the same, an electrically if driven pump oi" supplying-luid to said hydraulic eylinder,"and a pivotally mounted lever extending into the path of both of said stops .for controlling said electrically driven pump.

, 15.- vInaiparatus foriproduci'ngv fluid presi,

sure,thecomb ination with yan air accumulator, of yan electrically driven pump vfor supplying iluid pressure to said'ac'cumulator, an auxiliary fluid pressure cylinder in communication with said accumulator and having-a springoppos'ed piston thereimiand an electric switch connected to said'piston to open the switch and stop the electrically driven pump ,when the pressure in the accumulatorl f reaches a predetermined amount, the said` spring moving the piston in the opposite direction to effect closurel of said switch and the starting of said electrically driven pump 'f when thepressure insaid-accumulator is re- Y duced to a predetermined amount. K

1 6.V In apparatus forproducing'fluidpresof a hydraulic cylinder, a plunger-positioned to be ymoved intovsaid hydraulic cylinder, a

cvlinder for conveying'fluidunder pressure to expandable mechanism, and a valve in said conduittor controlling at Will the flow of sai-d lluid pressure'medium-.to said reservoii or to.said.expandablermechanism. e f

17. In apparatus for prody cing-fluid pressure, the combination with an air operated plunger, of a hydraulic cylinder positioned to receivev said plunger, a conduitcommuni-` eating with said hydraulic cylinder,` and a sure, the combination With a fluid reservoir,

' piston equipped air accumulator-,for forcing n said plunger into' said hydraulic cylinder, a

conduitcommunicating With said hydraulic manually operated valve disposed Within said vconduit for controllingthe4 passage of l'luid therethrough Vandv "for *controlling the movementent said. plunger into said cylinder, and means dependentfupon the positionfof said plunger' to 'secure automatic retraction thereof;` L Y -r j Y 18. In apparatus for producing fluid pres'- sure,.th e combination with a hydraulic cylinder having an inlet andan outlet thereto,

cf an *electrically operated pump for supplying fluid to said'hydraulic cylinder through said inlet, a conduit communicating With said lhydraulic cylinder through said outlet, expandable meansoperativelyr secured to said conduitI apart from said hydraulic cylinder,

means for causing` a sudden increase off-pres@V sure in said conduit'andj in said'expandable means, and a valve disposed in said conduit for controllingtheimpulses created by said sudden :increase in pressure. r g V 19.v In apparatus for producing fluid -pres'- sure, thecombination with an-accumulatedy cylinder, of means for introducing-fluid under I pressure therein, a piston in said cylinder, a

h draulic c dinder a lunfrer eXtendinor into o'means for controlling the lioW of liquid under pressure romisaid hydraulic cylinder to said reservoir andto a hydraulic breaker and the return ot such liquid. from said hydraulic breaker to said reservoir. y

20. In apparatus for producing hydraulic pressures, the combination with a hydraulic cylinder having an outlet, of a fluid'pressure accumulator comprising a fluid pressure cylinder having a piston movable therein, automatic means for controlling the pressure in said accumulator, a plunger extending into said hydraulic cylinder and connected to said piston to move bodily with the latter, and valve mechanism for centrolling the flow olf y liquid from said hydraulic cylinder and the movement of the plunger therein by the pressure in said accumulator exerted on said piston. i

21. In apparatus for producing fluid pres sure to operate a hydraulic breaker, the combination with a hydraulic cylinder, of a conduit for conducting liquid pressure from said hydraulic cylinder to the hydraulic breaker, a fluid pressure operatedVv piston, automatic means' for controlling the fluid pressure ein erted on saidpiston, a plunger connected to said piston to move bodily therewith and eX- tending into said hydraulic cylinder to displace some of the liquid pressure medium therein, and means disposed in said conduit for controlli .e the flou7 of the liquid pressure medium through said hydraulic cylinder lto said hydraulic breaker and the movement ot said plunger into said hydraulic cylinder by the fluid pressure exerted on said piston.

22. Intluid'pressure apparatus adapted to` be connected to a hydraulic breaker for use in a mine vein. the combination with va fluid" pressure accumulator, ot automatic'mechan sm for operating and controlling said accumulator and the pressure trom the medium therein, a reservoir, means for controlling the-` connection of the accumulatorto the breaker Y and the connection ot' the breakerl tosaid n use in amine f-vein, the combination with a hydraulic accumulator. of a res rv-oir, a valve 55 connecting the VOperating 'medium to. said' breaker from said accumulator to el'lect operation of the breaker and for connecting the breaker to said reservoir to effect restoration of the breaker, and automatic means for operating the accumulator to restore' pressure in the operating` medium therein.

2li. ln fluid pressure apparatus adapted to be connected to a hydrostatic breaker lor use in. a mine vein, the'A combination With an accumulator having a fluid pressure medium adapted te be connected to the breaker to operate the same, of automatic mechanism for operating and controlling said accumulatcr and the pressure from the medium therein, and a single valve for controlling the supply oi fluid pressure medium from said accumulato-r to the breaker and back from the latter.

25. ln an accumulator for fluid pressure breakers, the combination With a hydraulic cylinder, of a plunger therein, a. source of liquid supply, a pump connected between said .source et liquid supply and said cylinder, autcmatic meai'is controlled by the position ot the plunger for intermittently operating said pump, a. valve 'for controlling the flo-W ot pr Plsure medium from said cylinder to a breaker for use in a. mine vein and` also for controlling the flow oli' pressure medium back from said Ybreaker to said source of liquid supply.

ln an accumulator tor fluid pressure breakers, the combination with duid pressure producing apparatus comprising a pump, of

pneumatic mechanism connected thereto, means comprising an additicnal pump for operating said pneumatic mechanism, and means tor controlling said pumps to ellect intermittent operation thereof respectively.

27. ln fluid pressure apparatus for breakers, the combination With a hydraulic pressure producing device .adapted to be connected to a breaker and comprising a hydraulic cylinder With a plunger movable therein, of a pneumatic pressure device connected to said plunger for accumulator purposes, automatic mechanism controlled by the pressurein said pneumatic pressure device'for intermittently pumping'lluid into sai-d device, andA automatic mechanism controlled by the position of the said plunger relative to said cylinder for intermittently pumping liquid into said cylinder to move the plunger along the cylinder against the pressure in said pneumatic device.

28. ln apparatus for producing hydraulic `pressure'in hydraulic breakers for use in kerts in coal veins, the combination With a fluid pressure cylinder, of a plunger for displacing some of the fluid in said' lui'd pressure cylinder, a pump for replacing displaced fluid vhen said plunger is' operated or when the hydraulic breaker is'operat'ed, fluid pressure mechanism for forcing said plunger along sai-dv cylinder, means dependent upon:

Y cumulator cylinder, a piston movable alongl said cylinder, means for operating said pump When the fluid pressure in said cylinder Jfalls to a rpredetermined amount, an auxiliary cylinder connected to said accumulator cylinder, and means connected to effect the auxiliary cylinder to effect the discontinuance of v the operation of said pump when they pressure in said cylinder is raised to apredetermined amount. ,s

30. In apparatus for producing fluid pressure, the combination with a hydraulic cylinder, of a plunger vfor displacingliuid vin said' 4 cylinder, a pump to refill said cylinder When said plunger is partially lWithdrawn therefrom, and mechanism operated atthe limitsv of movement of said yplunger for lcontrolling the operation of said pump to stop the same when the plungeriswithdrawn from the said operating medium lto cause said plunger l to exert a suddenincreased pressure yand im-v pact on the operating medium extending to s Y 45 vsaid breaker, and automatic means controlled cylinder a predetermined amount and to ref start the same when the plunger moves'into ythe cylinder .a predetermined distance.v

31.` In apparatusfor producing fluid pressure, the combination With a hydraulic cylinder adapted to contain an operating medium connected to a'hydraulicrbreaker forusefin a mme vein, of a. plunger yextending into and movable along saidfcylinder, means forex- 'ertingand maintaining a moderate pressure on said plungerto vnuovethe same .along'saidf cylinder to forcefthe said operating medium to said breaker, mechanism` for controlling by the position of said plunger for restoring hydraulic pressure in said cylinder."

32. Inapparatus forproducing fluid pres.-v sure, the combination With ay fluid pressure cyl 1nder,.of a plunger therein, means for moving said plungerinto and along said cylinder, a Vpumpl for supplying fluidgunderfpressure to `said cylinder7 and mechanism actuated by theplunger reaching a predetermined position in said cylinder toeffect ythe operation of said pump to-supply fluid pressurey to said .cylinder and -for'ce the saidV plunger the predetermined distance from said cylinder. 33. In fluid operate 'hydrostatic breakers for `use 'in a mine vein, the combination .ofv la hydrostatic ram adapted to be connectedto suchfbreakers, and means Jfor securing movementof said hydrostatic ram While disconnected hydro-1 -Witha hammer bloW. c 34. `In fluidpressure apparatus adapted to be connected to a hydraulic breaker for use pressure apparatus adaptedtov statically `from a breaker andthen its conj nection to suchbrea'ker tooperate the latter in a mine vein, the combination Withjahyfdraulic ramco'mprising a cylinder Withga plunger movable therein, of a reservoir, aconduit connecting said cylinder to said reservoir, means for pumping' liquid fromlsaid reservoir to said cylinder, meansv for. exerting pressure onsaidplungerto move the same f into and along Asaid cylinder, .and ja controlling v alve for first directing liquid from saidy cylinder through said conduit to said reservoir to einect movement ofsaid ram 'and thenconnecting said cylinder-t0 a breaker to@ cylinder to the breaker.,`

i 35. In apparatus forproducingpress,

effect a hammer blow of the liquid from the sure, the combination with ahydraulic cylin-`r der, of a plunger positioned for longitudinal c movement Within said hydraulic cylinder, an

airV accumulating means comprising a cylinder and a piston foroperating said plunger;r

automatic means for intermittently restoring the fluid pressure in said air accumulating means, a reservoir, a conduit to convey fluid from said cylinder to the hydraulic breakerfto v be operated, a pump for pumpingliquid from;

saidreservoir to said hydraulic cylinder,and

ja manually operated valvedisposed in said conduit for controlling the .flow of liquid from said hydrauliccylinder to the vconduit leading to thebreakern 3G. `In lluid pressure .apparatusadapted to` be connectedto a hydraulic b reakerfor use a mineveimthe combination with a hydrauhc ram comprising 'al ,cylinder withv a plunger movable therein, of va reservoir, a conduit; adaptedv to be' connected between saidcylin'- der and the hydraulic breaker to beoperated,

means forpumping liquid from'said reservoir to. saidy cylinder, means for exerting-pressure on saidplunger to movev the same intoan `'along said cylin'der',means for intermittently "restoring such vpressure anda controlling valve for connecting said cylinder :through said conduitto ythe yhydraulic breakerandy also for conntingsaidconduit to said reser-y voirgto connect the vhydraulic'lorealter-thereto. V37.y In fluid-pressure,apparatusl adapted; to f beV connected to aA hydrostatic breaker oruse v in amine vein, the combination with an accumulator -having fluid pressure medium vadapted to be connected to thebreakerc to operate the same, automatic mechanismfor operating and controlling saidgaccumulator and the pressure fromv the medium therein, and valve mechanism for controlling the supi plyof'fluid pressure medium from said aci' cumulator to the breaker andback from the latter.

"38. In apparatus` for c producing.y l pressure for operating a hydraulic breaker' l for use inr a mine vein, the combination with a pressure from t e medium therein, a conduit f l communicating with said hydraulic cylinder fior conveying fluid under pressure to an eX- pansible hydraulic breaker, and valve mechanism'in said conduit for controlling` the flow of said fluid pressure medium to such hydraul'ic breaker and back from the same to said reservoir.-

39. In apparatus for producing fluid pres- 5 Sure' too erate ah draulic breaker the combination With a hydraulic cylinder adapted to be connected to'k a hydraulic breaker, of a plunger extendinginto. and movable along said hydraudic cylinder, a fluid pressure accumulator comprising a cylinder With a piston therein connected to said plunger to move bodily therewith, means for maintaining uni- -form pressure in the accumulator cylinder, lisaidpiston connected to'said plunger imparting the pressure in said accumulator cylinder to said plunger tending to move the latter along said first-named cylinder, and means :for controlling theA flow of the pressure medium from said first-named cylinder to the l' hydraulic breakerto secure sudden impacto *the latter by movementr of the plunger along said first-named cylinder due tothe pressure in said accumulator cylinder. v

40. In apparatus' for producing lfluid pres-V `sure,tl'1e combination With ahydraulic cylin- V der. of a reservoir, a pump to supply fluid to vHui said hydraulic cylinder, a conduit to convey fluid f'from said hydraulic cylinder, and a valve connectedto said conduit and also to said reservoir yfor controlling the lloW of fluid through said Vconduit when said' valve is in one' (predetermined position,to prevent ilow'of 'notlie'i-j position, ailidfto',y cause flu-id in said Vcoi'idii-t to flow into saifdreservoir when sai d A valve is y inl a third position.-

41. 'In luidppressure apparatus tor hydraulic breakers, the combination with a source of -fluid pressure' supply, of a hydraulic'ram coin-v vprisingawcylinder With a plungertherei'n,

means for operating said'rain, -a conduit for 'connecting saidfra'into a hydraulic breaker,

anda valve for directinglo-vv or" liquidvfrom said lcylinder to secure movement of said plunger when said valve-is in one position and toconnect saidcylinder through said conduit to thev hydraulic breaker When said valve isfin another position to produce a hammer blow in the hydraulic breaker;

42. In fluid pressure apparatus, the combination With a hydraulic accumulator adapted to connected to a hydraulic breaker forV from said"hydraulic'cylinder When' in' use in amine vein, of'al source of. fluid pressure supply comprising a reservoir, means for'operating said hydraulicbreaker including furnishing liquid under pressure and conveying the liquid under pressure to the hydraulic breaker, and valve mechanism connected between the hydraulic breaker and the accumulator and also between the hydraulic breaker andthe source of supply for connecting the accumulator first to said reservoir andthen to the hydraulic breaker to eliect operation thereof and for connecting the hydraulic breaker to said reservoir to effect restoration of said hydraulic breaker.

4-3. In apparatus for producing pressure. the combination With a cylinder adapted to receive compressedair, of a piston in said cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a plunger extending` into said hydraulic cylinder and connected to move bodily With said piston, and means tor automaticallyreturning the piston and the plunger when the pressure iii said tirstnamed cylinder is reduced.

44. In fluid pressure apparatus adapted to be connected to' a hydraulic breaker for use` in a mine vein, the combination With a pump, of means for operating said pump, accumulator mechanism, means for automatically regulating said accumulator mechanism, connections between said pump and the hydraulic' breaker to be operated in a closed circulating system, and means associated With theac- Y.cumulator mechanism for exerting a sudden impulse througli'said vconnections to effect aV n sudden operation of the hydraulic breaker,V followed by restoration of the hydraulic breaker While the pressure medium ismaintained in said circulating system.

45., In lluid pressure apparatus adapted to be connectedto a hydraulic breaker for use in amine vein, the combination with a source .of liquid pressure supply, of connections between the same and thehydiaulic breaker to be operated, means for confining the liquid pressure medium to said source of liquid pres: sure supply and said connections and said hydraulic breaker to preveiitlescape ot the pressure medium, and means for controlling said connections to effect operation of the hy-- draulic breaker and the restoration thereofY "While 'the pressure medium is confined as aforesaid. Y

'46. Inifluid pressure apparatus adapted to be connected to a hydraulic breaker .for use in amine vein, the combination with a reserl Voir to serve as a 'source of flu-id pressure supply, of accumulator mechanism', connections betweensaid accumulator mechanism and the hydraulic breaker'fordirecting the pressure medium to the latter Without permitting itsescape, avalve for controlling` the connection between said accumulator mechanism and said hydraulic breaker to eliect sudden operations of the latter, and a conduit controlled by said valve for'connecting the hydraulic breaker to* said reservoir to effect restoration of the hydraulic breaker and return of'thc pressure medium to said reservoir. c

47. In fluid pressure apparatus adapted l to operate hydraulic breakers' for use in a mine vein,the combination with a reservoir for the pressure medium, of a hydraulic ram comprising a cylinder with a plungerinovable therein, means for exerting pressure on said plungerftending to move the sa-me farther into said cylinder, automatic means for regulating such pressure-exerting means, a

`pump for pumping the pressure medium from said reservoir into said cylinder, a conduit connected between said cylinder and the hydraulic breaker, a valve for controlling the flow of the pressure medium from said cylinder through said conduit to said hydraulic breaker, and another conduit controlled by said valve for directing the pressure medium from said hydraulic breakertoward said reservoir when said hydraulic breaker is restoredto initial position.

48. The combination with' kerf-cutting mechanism, of a hydraulic breaking device movable into the kerf produced by said kerfcutting mechanism, a hydraulic ram connected to said hydraulic breaking device, and means for securing movement of said hydraulic ram and theny its connection to said breaking device to operate vthe latter with a hammer bloW.

49. The-combination with a flat hydraulic breaking device adaptedto enter a flat kerf ina mine wall, of a hydraulic ram connected to rsaid hydraulic breaking device, and a valve for controlling said ram toV secure an initial free movement thereof while cut off from said breaking device and then connecting the ram tothe latter to secure the operation thereof with a hammer blow. l 50. The combination with a flat breaking device adapted to be inserted into a flat kerf in a mine wall, of means for operating said fiat breaking device by expanding the same against the Hat-walls of the kerf, a pressure accumulator comprising a hydraulic ram vconnected to saidA operating means, and mechanism for controlling said operating means to secure movementy of said ram before connection to said breaking device.

5l. The combination with a hydraulic breaking device adapted to be inserted into an incision in a mine wall, of fluid pressure mechanism comprising a pump and a pressure cylinder connected vto said hydraulic breaking device, a supply tank, an accumulator comprising -a hydraulic ram infsaid cylinder, and a valve for controlling the'flow from lsaid cylinder yto said breaking device and from said cylinder to said tank and from f said breaking device to said tank.

52. The combination with a kerf-cutter adapted to form a kerf in a mine wall, of hydrostatically actuated means carried by said kerf-cutter to exert pressure to dislodge the coal, hydraulic pressure mechanism comprising a pressure cylinder connected to said dislodging means, a supply tank, a valve for controlling the flow of liquid from said pressure cylinder to said dislodging means and from the latter to said tank and from said cylinder to said tank, a plunger movable into said cylinder, and means for moving said plunger into said cylinder as the liquid therein, flows into said tank, said plunger being adapted to exert a hammer blow on said pressureexerting means when said cylinder is connected to said dislodging means whilev said plunger is moving into said cylinder. v

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 26 day of December, 1924.

OLIVE EUGENIE MORGAN,

Eecuzrw of the Estate of Edmund M 07'- gan, Deceased. y

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