US1809282A - Mining and loading machine - Google Patents

Description

June 9, 1931. E. c. MORGAN MINING AND LOADING MACHINE Original Filed May 19. 1921 5 Sheets--SheeP l WITNESS ATTORNEYS June 9, 1931. E. c; MORGAN MINING AND LOADING MACHINE June 9, 1931. E.' c. MORGAN MINING AND LOADING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Original Filed May '19, 1921 l LILA,

@mmm 5 @Hom/tags L E. c. MORGAN MINING AND LOADING MACHINE Original Filed May 19,

June 9, 1,931.

1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 .w m rh .l LQ f .QN %\.MN.

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June 9, 1931. E Q MORGAN y -MINING AND LOADING MACHINE original Filea May 19, 1921 5 sheetssheep 5 Patented June 9, 1931 iinivruNno. MQRGAN, vor NEWyYoRK, N. Y.; oilifvE EUGENIE MORGAN .EXEGUTRIX l y MINING .eNn roAnINe Meer;:[NiiH Application filed May 19,` 1,921, Serial Nor/179,854. Renewed August 2Q, 1928.'

My invention relates/to mining and loading vmachines'and one of its objects is the provision of breaking dovvnmechanism entirelymechanical andadapted to enter kerfs I in the mine wall and operate to exertpressure on the walls of the kerf to dislodge material from the'mine vein.

Av further object of the invention is the provision of mechanism not relying upon lo fluid pressure, for entering an incision in mine wall and exertingvpressure to break down the cut material.

A' further object of the invention is the provision of controlling mechanismfor a ir coal breaker adapted to enter an incision in the mine vein and exert pressure on the walls of such incision.

AOther objects vof the invention willv ap4 pear hereinafter, thenovel' features and comubinations being set forthv inthe appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Fig. y1 represents a planV view of my improved mining. and loading machine;

#i Fig. ,2' is a sectional elevation on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 looking lin the directionof they arrows; 7

Fig. 3 is asectional elevation taken on the line 3-3 of Fig.y 1;

breaking mechanism and the means for transmitting power thereto; v Fig. v5 vis a transversesectional elevational view taken on theline 545 of Fig. 1;

of the mechanical-expansible breaker,` partly in section; i f

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional elevation takenvon the'zline 7..-7 of Fig. 6; Figs. 8 and 9` are'diagrammatic .views showing developments of the circular Cams of'Figsand 7; Fg..10'is a sectional elevation on the line 10.--10 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of 4:5v the arrows;

Fig, 11 is asectional elevation similar to F ig. 3, but showing a modification;

, Fig. 12 is a sectional elevationron the,l line 12,-12of Fig. 11 looking in the direction ofv eo the arrows;

Fig.. 4 .is a sectional rplan View' ofl the Fig. '6 is an elevation of an enlargementy Fig. 13 isa sectional plan tion of Figf3; I

vrFig. 14 ris a sectional/elevation of aportion of Fig. 3'; j Fig. 15 .is asectional viewon Vthe line 15-15 of Fig. 1;I and Fig.` 1G is a diagrammatic view of va v modification.

The mining andloading machine .shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a supporting frame 17, the forward yportion of which is adapted to rest onand slide over the y:mine

floor,Y as shown at 18. 'Mounted on this frame isa cutter-frame 19 yfor oarryingand guiding a` traveling chain-cutter 20 which connected to a vertical shaft 22 which eX-v .65 is adapted to loedriven by the sprocket 21- secured thereto. `l\[eshing with vthis worm gear 23 is'a worm 24 Whichis keyed .tol the motor shaft v2.5iof a1notor26,"as shown more clearly in FiglO.` When the vmotor 26` is operated motion willbe transmittedy y to the sprocket 21.*to drivethe under-cutting .chain-cutter 2O toy outa kerf at the lbase of the'mine wall. i Y f Secured tothe outer lateral Vedgev ofthe base frame 17 is a 'longitudinal' grooved guide frame 27 along which is .adapted to extend `a rope 28 having its free endan'chored at 29 and its other end woundon Vthe rope" drum 30. f

- l By referringy to. rigs. k1 and rki0 it ein B seen that the rearwardlyextending motor l Y shaft 25 has mountedzthereonlaworm'31 which meshes with the worrngear 3,2 mount-` n eden the shaft 33v and extending 'to the rope drum 30. r'By means of the lever 34th@ clutch 35 may be thrown'iin to cennectthe motor to the shaft I prefer toemploy an kadditional clutchk 36 for operation lay-a' lever 377 as shown in Fig. 1. W'henfb'oth. l

clutches 435l and 36 are thrown in and-the rope 28 is slackr either clutch 35 or36l mayv to control rotationofthe rope` be operated drum `,30, but when the rope is taut itfwill hey easier vfor the attendant to operate the clutch 36 than to operate the clutch 35. Furthermore, afterthe clutch 36, has `been released it will be easy Ato release the clutchV loo lll

35. By the provision of the clutch 36 the rope drum is made free to rotate so that the attendant can take hold of the free end of the rope and unreel it from the drum 30 in a short space of time without operation ofthe motor. LThen after the rope has been anchored, as shown in Fig. 1, the clutch 3G may be thrown in and after the motor has been'started and the clutch 35 thrown in the rope drum 30 may be rotated so as to secure forward feeding movement of the mining and loading machine, including the` under-cutting chain-cutter.

Secured to the frame 17 is a laterally eX- tending bracket 38, as shown in Fig. 1. This bracket has secured thereto an upright shearing kerf-cutter comprising a cutter-frame 39 and a chain-cutter 40 which is adapted to be driven by the sprocket 41. The latter is mounted on'a transverse shaft 145 on the opposite end of which is mounted a beveled gear 43 meshing with another-beveled gear 44 on the upper end of the shaft 22. Therefore when the motor 26 vis operated the sprocket 41 is driven, as well as the sprocket 21,' and therefore the upright chain kerfcutter yis driven at the same time that the under-cuttingkerf-cutter 20 is driven.

-Extending longitudinally 4of the main frame ofthe mining and loading machine isa scraper-type of conveyer comprising a stationary bed plate 45 along which are adapted to slide the cross-connected scrapers 46, as shown in. Figs. 1 and 5. This conveyer is shown diagrammatically at 47 in F ig. 2. lThe Vforward r portion of the conveyer is adapted to be located within the boundary of the forward portion of the under-cutting kerf-cutter so as to occupy a horizontal plane and'so as to adapt the receiving portion of this conveyer to enter the under-cut kerf a substantial distance. The intermediate portion of the conveyer 47 is inclined'upwardly, as shown in Fig. 2, and the upper elevated horizontal portion extends to a position for delivering thematerial to the loading conveyer 48. `The latter may also be of the scraper-type coi'nprising a stationary bed plate 49 and cross-connected Scrapers 50. Also, loosely mounted on the motor shaft 25 .is a worm 51, as shown in Figs. 1 and 10. This worm meshes with a worm-wheel 52, as V`shownin Figs. 1 and 2. The worm-wheel 52'fis`connected Vto one end of theshaft v53 mounted in suitable fixed bearings y54 and 55. The end of the shaft opposite to that Vwhich carries the worm `gear 52 is provided with a beveled gear 5G meshing with a similar beveled gear 57 at one endof the transverse shaft 58 mounted `atthe rear end of the conveyer 47 as shown the transverse shaft 69 which is connected' to sprockets similar to those designated 59 and 60V and arranged similarly to drive chains between which are connected the Scrapers 50 for movement over the stationary bed plate of the loading conveyer 48.

The transverse shaft 58 is .provided with an extension 58 on which are mounted spaced-apart sprockets 71 and 72 for driving a pair of endless spaced-apart chains between which are connected short crossiiights or scrapers 7 3 for movement over the surface of the stationary bedplate 74 of a comparatively narrow conveyer extending from a position near-the floor of the mine chamber adjacent'the'emerging run of the vertical shearing kerf-cutter. This narrow conveyor is illustrated diagrammatically at 78 in Fig. 2 and is inclined upwardly so as to deliver cuttings received thereby to the loading conveyer 48, as shown inY Figs. ,l and v v ln order that the cuttings from the undercutting korf-cutter may also be automaticalrenioved during 'the operation of the inining and loading machine l have extended the rope-guiding plate 27 forwardly to a position adjacent the forward end of the under-cutter, asshown in Fig. 1. The inner vertical surface of the plate 27 may thus form a wall extending tothe floor of the mine chamber to guide the cuttings onto the horizontal surface 17 which is spaced only a short distance above the floor of the mine chamber. As the yunder-cutting kericutter operates, the cuttings will be moved thereby along the space between the plate 27 and the frame 19 over the end Y18 and onto the surface 17 and across the latter into the trough 76, as illustrated in Fig. 15, which is a section takenon. the line 1li-15 of Fig. 1 looking in the'direction of, the arrows. In Figavv 15 is shown the foot shaft 77 provided with vsprockets 7 2 and 71 meshing with the sprocketchains of the-narrow conveyer 78shown inv Fig. 1. The path of travel of the under-cutting chain-cutter 2() Vis illustrated diagrammatically at 79 in Fig. The relation of the path of travel 79 of the under-cutting kerf-cutter 20 to the path of .travel of the' conveyer 78 is such that the cuttings may be moved into position for delivery to the lower receiving end of the conveyor 7 8, as illustrated in Fig. 15.

In order to adjust the upward or downlll Illl

teca-aaa ward inclinationlol the under-cutter so ,as to enable `theinacliine toiiollowfthe direction el the lmine vein, l have provided-a Hoor jackat the rear end olA the Vtrame 17,y as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Mounted ron the frame 17 is a bearing 80 for the vertical screw-threaded shaft v81 to'the upper end of which is connected an operating wheel 82, The screw-threaded portion of the shaft81 is screw-threaded into the vertical central upwardaextension 83 of a cylindrical supframe of the machine and parts otthe jack,r

A sufiicient areais aflordedfby the large base plate 84 to support the rear portion of the machine and by operating the wheel 82 the machine may be tilted up and down on the forward end 18.01"A the ,frame 17 asa ulcrum, and by rea-son of the. vertical cylinf: drical extension 85 lree operation of the jackis easier at f readily enter the kcrf out bythe vertical kort-cutter.k ,"Tliis mechanical breaker is shownin'pesitionin the cutter-raniefl in Figs. 2 and 8, andthe details ol..construc tion are shown in Figs. 6 to ,8, inclusive. The ybreaker 87 comprises oppositely disposedA plungers 88 and 89 having flat outer sur-A faces adapted tot engage the. walls of the,

l-ert cut by the vertical ker-cutter. The central portions of theplungers 88 and89 are provided with telescoping l cups 90 and 91 which litl closely together, shown in Fig. 7and act as guides forv the plungers 88 and 8.9 to maintain the latter in axial alinenient. The cylindrical cup 91 is adapted to tit into thecylindrical' re# cess 92 in the plunger 88. llithiii the Ycup 90 .is vloci-:ted aspring 9.8 one end of which is secured by means of the bolt 9;1and the nut 95 to the'ccnter of' the plunger 89. The other end of the spring 98;is connected to the center ofthe plunger 88by means of the'bolt 95 and the nut 9.7. The spring 98 is a retracting spring lfor holding 1theplung-l ers. 88 and 89 together in; the positions ved oii'a shaft'101.

all Vtimes since no material can collect between parts or" the jack and the framework and whatever material col- .cylindrical shown. in Fig. 7 and for restoring the plungers to. tho positions shown in Fig. 7 after .they `have 'been operated in the manner hereinafter described. Y

lVithin the casing 98 is mounted a worin- Wheel .99 meshing with a worm 100 mount- At the center 4oit the worm-wheel 99 is a circular opening 102 'to permit free movement therethrough of the cylindrical cup 9 1. The worm-wheel 99 is mounted on"l ball bearings, ras indicated at 10,3 inFigs. 6 and 7, so as to, permit free rotation .of the worm-wheel 99 relatively to the casing 98-wlien the shaft 10.1 is rotated in thel direction indicated bythe varrowlOein Fig. 6. The casing 98 by means ofthe diametrical extensions and 108 is mounted in the ytransverse guideways 107 and 108 inthe cutter-'frame-109, as

sliown'in Fig. l 3. The transverse guiden ways 107 and 108 are provided for the pur.-

kpose of enabling onek plunger, such as that indicated at 88 in' Fig. `7, to engage the solid unmined mass, while the other plunger 89 moves' inthe direction 'of they dis lodged mass of coalY while the vertical cutteif-fi-ame remains in its same position rela-y tive to the vertical plane ol" the korf lcut thereby.

Mounted on opposite faces of the. Worm gear 9.9 are concentrih cams 110, 111, and 112 V113. These cams are developedy into straight lines in Figs. 8 and 9. YEach of these cams is formed spirally, as indicated by ythe dotted lines in Fig. 7,- ythel camsl 111 and 118 being spiraled in one direction, and the cams 110 and. 112 beingy spiraled in the opposite direction@ The cams 110 and 111 closely interlit similar spiral cams 114,115 on the plungers 88 and 89, respectively. The spiral cams 112 .and 113 likewise closelyinterlitlsimilar spiral cams 116, 117 on the* plungers .88 and 89, respectively. Each of the. spiral cams exteiidsover almost com# plete circle, as viewed in elevation and as shown in Fig. 6.. The sectional.' portion of Fig. being taken on the line (3---6V of Fig.

r7 lookingin the direction of the arrows it .eran be readily seen by reference to Figs. 0 and 7 that when the Vworm-Wheel 99 is 'rotated in the direction of the arrow '118 the cams 11() and 111 will lact on ther cams 1141 vand 115, respectively, while at the saine time the cams 112 and 118 will act on the rcams 116 and 117, respectively, to spread. apart the plungers 88 and v89 against the action joli the spring 98 while said plungers are guided concentrically. by means of the teleand the cams separated at the breaks 119 Y and 120 when theispring 98 will act'to again closely interitthe cams throughout their entire lengths. It should be understood that as the gear-wheel 99 rotates, the cams thereon will ride along the cam surfaces on the plungers to spread them apart' until the ends 121 and 122 are reached. These ends are farther away from the central plane Vof the gear 99 than any other portions of the cams 111 and 113 and therefore when the breaks 119 and 120 are reached the plungers will be snapped back into their initial positions by the retractingr spring The spreading of the plungers is therefore entirely vmechanical7 although effected by self-acting power mechanism, and the restoration ofthe plungers is automatically eifected by the spring 93 when the gear 99 has made a complete rotation.

In order to prevent the plunge-rs 88 and 89 rotating relatively to the easing 98, -I have provided radial vpins 123 and 124 fitting in and sliding along slots 125 and 125 in the casing 987 as shown in Fig. 7.

In order that the easing 98 may Ibe filled With lubricating material, I have provided annular gaskets 127 and 128 held-in position against the circumferential surfaces of the plungers 88 and 89 by means of the annular plates 129 and 130 secured to the casing 98 by means of the bolts 131 and 132.

By referring to Figs. 3 and 6 it will be seen that the worm 100 in the gear casing 133 is n'iounted on the shaft 101 which is connected by the universal joints 134, 135 and intermediate sliding connection `136 to a shaft 137 which has secured thereto a worin 138 meshing with a worin-wheel 139. Splined to the shaft 137 is a clutch element 140 provided with teeth adapted to engage the corresponding teeth on the clutch element 141 which is keyed to a short shaft 142. At the rear end of the latter is a beveledgear 143 meshing with another beveled gear 144 on the transverse shaft The latter also carries the sprocket 41, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.

Connected to the clutch element 140 is an operating lever 146. By referring to Fig. 3 it will be seen that when the lever 146 is pulled rearwardly the clutch element 140 will engage the clutch element 141 so that power transmitted from the motor 120 through the beveled gears 44, 43 to the transverse shaft 145 will be transmitted through the beveled gears 144 and 143 to the shaft 137 and thence through the flexible connections 134, 135, 136 to the worin 100 to effect rotation of the gear 99 and the operation of the coal-breaking plungers 88 and 89.

Y When the shaft 137 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow 104 in Fig. 6 the worin gear 139 shown in Fig. 3 will be rotated clockwise tot-urn the cam 'i4-7 to push back the horizontal rod 148 into the recess 149 and against the action ofthe spring 150 therein. Intermediate the ends of the rod 148 is pivot-ed at 151 a pawl 152 which is adapted to slide over and fall back of the upward projection of the collar surrounding the clutch element 140. vWhen the cam 147 has made a complete rotation the rod 148 will be released and thereupon the spring 150 will act to push the rod 148 forward to cause the pawl 152V to release the clutch element 140 from the element 141 and thus automatically discontinue the rotation of the shaft 137 and the operation of the mechanical expansible breaker.

The frame 109 together with the chainguide 39 in reality constitutes the critterframe7 and this cutter-frame is mounted on the frame 38, as shown in Figs. 1 and The forward portion 38 is so arranged as to support the frame 1.09 for Vrelative movenient to effect adjustment of the length of the distance between the outer run of the chain-cutter and the shaft 145. The slack in the chain may thus be regulated and the length of the vertical shearing cutter adjusted bytal'ig out or inserting links in accordance with the relative positions of' the frames`109 and 38. To eflect such adjustment the nuts 154 and 155 may be loosened on the screvv-threaded rod 156 so that either of said nuts may be turned against the depending-extension 157. The screw-threaded rod 156 is secured at 158 to the frame 38. The forward end of the frame-38 is provided with a slot 159 to fit over a lguide rod 100 secured to the frame 109. 'Ihe rear end of the frame 38"'nas a slot 101 to receive a bolt 162 so that by means of a nut 163 the frame 38 may be secured in Vadjusted position relative to the frame 100,? and for this purpose also the nuts 154 and may be tightened against the depending projection 157. c

The rpawl 152 is provided with a` heel 164 in position to engage a vertical rear face of the frame 38 to automatically release the pawl 152 from the collar 153 when the spring 150 returns the rod 148 to its initial position shown in Fig. 3. In Figs. 13 and 14 I have shown they positions of the parts in full lines at the time when the cam 147 is aboutV to release the rod 148 so that the spring 150 may cause the pawl 152 to release the clutch element 140 and after this is effectedthe heel '164- will strike the frame 38 and move the pawl to the dotted line position so that the clutch element 140 will be free to move forward again when desired by means of the lever 146 T he mechanical breaker has a limited lateral movement relatively to the frame 109Y ecause the projections 105 and 106 of the casing 98 fit into latere. guideways 107 and 108 which permit free movement of the entire breaker transversely of they frame 109 to a limited extent. rIhis is for the purpose of enabling one plunger,"such as that designatthe l clutc tedjby the sliding connection 136. It should beV understood, however that the ymechanical breaker always lz remains ,in position inthe frame ,109, the guideways 107 and 108 being inthe nature of sockets which permit the extensions and 106 to move laterally and transversely of the frame 109, but not out of the same. I

In Figs. 11 and 12 I have shown a modificationby making provisionr fortwo mechanical breakers both mounted on the upright. or shearing,kerf4cutter. p The lower breaker and the v.mechanism fory operating it is substantially the-same as thatshown in Fig. The frames 38, 38 and 109. of Fig. 3 are lmodified to `accommodate an additional mechanicalbreakerll above the breaker 87.

On the shaft 142 yis a spur gear 166 which meshes with a gear; 167 and the latter in turn meshes with a gear 168.A The gear168is secured to a short shaft 169 which carries a clutch 'element 170adapted to be engaged vby avclutch element 171. At the lupper end of the `support 17:2 is abearing forfthe operating lever 146, the forward endof which is pivoted at 173 to theupper end of a lever 174 connected to theclutch element 171. The lever 174is shown more clearly in Fig. 12, which is a section on the line 12`12of Fig. 11 and looking in the. direction ofthe arrows. pivoted in brackets 175'tothe rear end of the frame 1 7 6. The lower end of the lever 174 is connected tov the clutch element 140. rlherefore when the level-l l174 istilted on its pivot 177 one of the clutch'elements `171 or 140 will. be .thrown in. while at the same time the instance, if the lever 146`is pushed forward, h y@element 171.Y willnbe likewise pushed forward, while vthel clutch element '.140 will bemoved toward the rearinto engagementwith the clutch element' 141. y

The .clutch element: 171 is mounted on the shaft 178 which is journaled in bearings on the upper portion of the frame 17 6, Vas shown inFig. 11. The shaft 178 has securedthereto a'worin 179 whichin'eshes with'the wormvwheel 180 provided witha cam 181 in posi-` tion to engage thek rod 182.

The latter has pivoted thereto at v183 a pawl 184"in position to engage the latch y185 on the clutch element 171-jwhen the rod 182l is pushed rearwardly by the cam 181 against the action of the spring 186. .'When the cam 181 releases the rod 182,-. to permit the spring 186 to move such'rod for-ward the pawl 184will beauto- Intermediate itsends the lever 174is otherone ywill be thrown out. ,For

matically releasedffby the heel 187;r striking K the rear surface of the Aframe 176. l

lVhen the shaft 178 is rotated power 'may be transmitted through the flexible connections 188 and 189 to the gear in the` casings 133and 98 to operate the plunger 89 an y another plunger on the opposite side similar to that designated 88 in Fig.` 6. Lateral projections 105V and 106are located-in sockets 107 and .108 so that theupper breaker may also have a limited lateral movement relai.-V

ti-ve tothe frame 109.. The length ofthe cutter-frame may 156 inthe same `manner as lexplained in connection with Fig. 3. The depending bracket 157, however, is longer and is provided with an opening 190 forthe passage ofthe flexible shaft of the upper breaker operating be variedfby means of the nuts 154 and 155 on the sorewthreaded` rod 1 y kso Y thele'ver 146 in the same direction as before.

Or, the breakers may be operated alternately by moving the lever 146 in one direction for operation of the lower breaker' and inthe opposite direction.A for operation of the upper breaker. Y that eitherbreaker may be operated as many times in successionA as desired, or, the breakers may be operated alternately, Vand this may be done by means of one actuating lever which is connected to both'` clutches. 'i

ln Fig. 16 I havehdiagrammatica the gear wheel 99,:shown in Fig. 6 ancheach connected to breaking y mechanism. suchlas e means fof this be rotated Y.1n

shown in Figs. 6 and 7. --By arrangement the gears can the direction rof arrows 118 and 194 when the shaft 101 is rotated in the direction of 'the arrow 104.; By thec'ontinuousrotation ofthe gears 99 and 193 the breakers will tion of such gears@ k Gbviously those skilled in the art ,may

continue to operatel once during eachfrota# make various changes in the details andan rangements. of

ment of my inventilm,whatl` 'claim and de-y i sire to secure by Letters Patent vof the United Statesl is:

Ally. illusT ytra'ted a modification of Fig. 11 by provid-vv ing a single shaft 101ggwithtwo woi1ns`191 and .192 thereon with the teeth oppositely spiraled to mesh with 'upper and lower gear wheels 99 and 193, each corresponding to" It Should be Yumieifsarn 1. In amining machine, the combination With a'plane kerf-cutter, of a liat breaker carried thereby in the plane thereof to enter the kerf cut by said korf-cutter, and means for supporting saidy flat breaker for limited movement .transversely of itself and bodily transversely of the plane of said kerf-cutter.

2. In a mining machine, the combination With a plane kerf-cutteigrof an expansible breaker comprising an enclosure and relatively expansible kerf-Wall engaging. surfaces onr the exterior of said enclosure, and non-yielding mechanical. mechanism Within said enclosure for operating said breaker.

Ina miniii j machine, the combination with a vplane kerf-cutter, vof an expansible breaker mounted thereon and comprising kerf-wall engaging surfaces movable toward and from each other along straight lines transversely of the kerf Walls, and mecha.- nism comprising juxtaposed rigid mechanical elements for positively operating said breaker.V

4. AIn a mining machine, the combination with a plane kerf-cutter comprising a Hat cutter-frame with an endless cutter-chain mounted thereon., of a: flat breaker connected to said cutter-frame to therewith move into the kerf produced by said cutterchain, said breaker comprising spaced-apart kerf-Wall engaging surfaces relatively movable in opposite directions to simultaneously engage opposing Walls of the kerf and sivmultaneously exert pressure thereon, and

means consisting of rigid mechanical elementsindependent of fluid pressure to exert noli-yielding pressure simultaneously on opposite Walls of the `kerf to dislodge material adjacent the same.

5. In a mining machine,fthe combination With aplane kerf-cutter'comprising a Vflat cutter-frame and aV traveling cutter-chain thereon, of a flat expansible breaker mounted on said cutter-frame and comprising a transverselyA movable plunger, comprising a rotary device for directly actuating sa'idjplunger to exert pressure on the material adjacent said korf to dislodge such material'.v

` 6. In afniininginachine, the combination With a plane kerf-cutter comprising a flat cutter-frame and a traveling. cutter-chain thereon, of a flat breaker vmounted on said cutter-fraine and comprising a transversely movable plunger and spiral Wedge mechanisin for operating said plunger,and means coinprisinga Worm gear connected to said Wedge mechanism to operate the latter towards the plunger to exert pressure against material adjacent said kerf to dislodge such material. i

'7. An expansible breaker comprising a Vflat `Vframev adapted `to vbe inserted into a plane kerfin a mine Wall, a Hat plunger fitting in said frame and movable relativel and meansv thereto transversely thereof, an additional flat plunger fitting in said frame and movable relatively thereto transversely thereof,A

.tively to said frame to exert pressure on opposite Walls of said plane kerf.

8. A breakeradapted to be inserted into a kerf in a mine Wall'and comprising a casing, circular concentric plungers mounted on said casing for movement in opposite directions relatively to Vsaid casing, a rotary device comprising a plurality of spiral cam surfaces adaptedvto interfit and engage 'corresponding spiral cani surfaces on the respective plungers, and means for operating said rotary device to vsecure Iexpansion in the breaker by moving the plungers apart to exert pressure on the Walls of the kerf.

9. A flat breaker adapted to be inserted into a plane kerf in a mine Wall and comprising a supporting frame, a plunger mounted on said frame for movementtransversely thereof and having a kerf-Wall engaging' surface greater in Width than the thickness of said supporting frame, rotary mechanism for operating said plunger to exert pressure over suoli Wide area on the Walls ofthekerf, and means for automatically restoring said plunger to initial position upon predetermined rotation of said rotary mechanism.

l0. A breaker adapted to be inserted into a kei-f in a mine Wall and comprising a frame, a plunger movable relatively to said frame, and a rotary device having-a` pairof segmei'ital spiral surfaces conceiitrically arranged' and adapted to lit corresponding spiral cam surfaces on the inner side of said plunger.

Il. A breaker adapted to be inserted into a kerf in a mine Wall and comprising a casing, a Worm gear fitting in said casing, a pair of circular plungers mounted in a circular opening in said casing and adapted to move in opposite directions'to exert pressure on the Walls .of the kerf, telescoping' vcups connected to the central portions ofsaid plungers tov guide the latterY for coaxial movements in opposite directions, a retracting spring connected at its ends Awith the respective plungers on the interior of the inner cup, a pair of spiral Wedges surrounding said telescoping cups and connected to said Worm` gear to rotate therewith, saidV plungers having corresponding spiral cam surfaces for engagement by said spiral Wedges, and means for rotating said Worm gear to'spread apart theplungers and therebyexert pressure ony the Walls of the kerf iodislodge the material, said Wedges being constructed and` arranged to permit saidV s Drin,or to automaticall restore said lunoers l o s to initial position `upon a complete lrotation 'of said worm gear. f i

12. `A breaker comprising aliiat casing adapted to` enter a narrow kerf in a mine wall, a plunger larger in diameter than the thickness of said casing and mounted on 'said casing for movement transversely thereof, means for preventing rotary' movement otfsaid plunger relatively tol said casing, and means comprising a rotary 'device movable into thelkerf 'out by'said kort-cutter for operating said plunger to produce-pressure on the walls 'of s-'aid narrow kerf in which said breaker is inserted.y Y

"13th-A breaker comprising a 'pressure-ex-v erting plunger, a casingV oit' greater r'width than the thickness of said Aplunger to'adapt the breaker to enter comparatively narrow korf in a mine wall, af-liquid-tight -gasket between said casing and said plunger, Aand means comprising' .gearing enclosed within said casing for operating` said plunger io exert pressure on the .walls of such'ke'rf in 'whichsaid breaker is inserted, 14. Ina mining` machine, the combination with a plane ker-cutter, 'ot a flat breaker mounted thereon, power transmission mechanism Vtor operating said breaker, a clutch for connecting a source of powerv to said power transmission mechanism, and means. for automatically releasing said clutch to stop the operation of said breaker. 15. In amining` machine, thecombination with a. plane hert-cutterl comprising a fiat cutter-frame and a traveling cutter-chain thereon, Vot power transmission mechanism comprising a'connecting clutch, `means tor operating said clutch to connect a source ot power to said breake'r to operate the same, and means for automatically releasing' said clutch and restoring the same to position for being tl'irow'n inagai'n. y y

16. In aV mining machine, thecombination 'with a plane korf-cutter, owa' Vmechanical eXpa-nsibleY breaker `'mounted thereom power transmission mechanism comprising a clutch, a manual levertor. throwing` in ysaid clutch, and means ttor automatically releasingA said clutch lto stop the operation .of said breaker. 17. YIn amining machine, the. combination with a' supporting trame, lof va breaker mountedthereon, power transmission mechanism for said breaker and comprisingha clutch, `means for actuating said clutch to connectfa source o'fgpower vto saidbreaker 'through said power transmission mechanism, andmeans for automatically releasing said clutch to stop the operation of saidbreaker, 18. In a mining machine, the combination with a plane kerf-cuttercomprising a cutterirameandatraveling chain-cutter thereon, oit van expansible' breaker mounted 4onisaid cutter-frame for limited lateral. Vnriovement transversely 1, thereof, means. for :adjusting relative positions ofportions lof said-cutterate sliding connection to permit relative adjustments of said portions ot said cutter- 'f'ramef f c l 19. In "zi-'miningA machine, the combination with a supporting trame adaptedfto enteragkerf inv amine wall, ofa plurality Vfor". expansiblebreakers mounted on said cutter-tramein position't'oexert pressure on the walls vof the kerf, power transmission mechanism for said breakers, clutch mechanism for .controlling said power transmission mechanism, anda single actuating lever connected to vsaid clutch mechanism for eifecting the operation otrany one ofl saidA breakers vsuccessivelyor the operation of saidfbreakers alternately. i Y

l' 20. In a'mining machine,'t he combination with a supporting frame, oa plurality of breakers mounted thereon, power transmission me'chanism` connected to la singie source 'of power,and clutch'mechanism Yopei'r'abler bya-"single lever for controlling the operationy of said breakers individually. 21. In a mining machine, the combination witlifa vplane kerf-cuttenci a plurality of expansibl'e breakers mounted thereon, .powery transmissionV mechanism `connected to said breakers, 'clutch mechanism for controlling the operation ot` said '-fbr'eakers, manual mechanism lfor throwing` in said clutch mechanism, and automatic mecl'ianism for Y releasingsaid clutch mechanism to stopv the Y operation of said breaker.-

Inv mining;` machfne, the combination with Aa r'plane kerl-cutter, of abreaker' mounted thereony and comprising plungers movable from. opposite sides of said kericutter, and means for permitting lateral movement of the breaker as a Whole transversel'yof said` kort-cutter to permit one of said plungers to `'engage the solid -un'mined mass whilelthe 'other engages materialv adjacenty the'kerfto dislodge the same. n

. 23. In a'mining machine, the combination withtfa suppcitingl frame, ot' kerf-cutting offsaid trame, an operating mot-or having a shaft 'one' end of which is connected to'sai'd -l'rerf-'cuttin'g mechanism lto driveA the same, means forteeding saidkerf-cuttingv mech- Alao' p v anism` comprisinv ropegearing and driving apparatus there or connected tothe other :endet said motor, ,said` driving apparatus p comprising;Y a drivingv shaft .connected to 1 the. mot-'or shaftv anda driven shaft at right iso n* mechanism mounted o n fthe-forward portion y with a supporting frame, of kerf-cutting mechanism mounted thereon, an operating motor mounted on said supporting frame, means connected between one end of said motor and said kerf-cutting mechanism to drive the same, a power transmission shaft, a rope drum loose on said shaft,.a rope wound on said drum and adapted to have its free end connected to an anchorage in the mine, ak clutch for disconnecting said shaft and drum to permit free rotation of the latter, means comprising a driving shaft connected to the other end of said motor and extending transversely of said "power transmission shaft fortransmitting power to the f. latter, and van additional clutch for connecting the driving shaft to said power transmission shaft. f

25. In a mining machine, the combination with 'aV supporting frame, of kerf-cutting mechanism mounted thereon, an electric motor having a shaft extending longitudinally of said supporting frame, mechanism connected between the forward end of the motor shaft and said kerf-cutting mechanism to drive the latter, feeding mechanism comprising transverse shaftsV with Worm gearing intervening connecting the rear end of the mot-or shaft to a rope winding drum with avrope wound thereon, and. separate clutches for controlling said feeding mechanism one clutch being on one shaft and the other clutch on the other shaft. Y

26.In a long wall mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, of an upright kerf-cutter and a` horizontal kerf-cutter on the forward portion of said frame, an loperating motor mounted on the rear portion of Saidframe, driving mechanism between thev forward end of said motor and said kerf-cutting mechanism, a rope drum on the rear end of said supportingframe, a rope wound on said drum and adapted to have its free end, connected to ananchorage in the mine with the rope extending longitudinally of said frame,

7 a shaft for said drum -and mounted 0n kditionalclutch for controlling transmission of jp'ower from said Vdrive shaft through said Worm gearing `to said first-named shaft to rotate said rope drum when said first-named clutch is in to .effect -feeding of saidkerfcutting mechanism when said rope end is connected to an anchorage, said shafts being arranged ltransversely to each other and one clutch being on one shaft and the other clutchbeing on the'other shaft.

27. In a mining machine, the combination with a plane kerf-cutter comprising a cutter frame and an endless traveling chain cutter mounted thereon, of a pressure-exerting device entirely mechanical carried by said cutter frame within the boundary of the chain cutter and comprising relatively telescoping members with a spring enclosed thereby, and. means for operating said mechanical pressure-exerting device. s 28. In a mining machine, the combination of a plaire kerf-cutter comprising a flat cutter frame and an endless cutter chain mounted thereon,an entirely mechanical eX- pansible pressure-exerting device mounted on said cutter frame within the boundary thereof and comprising pressure exerting plungers movable in opposite directions each relatively to said cutter frame, and al spring between said plungers.

29. In a mining machine, the combination with la supporting frame, of a cutter-frame rigidly connected to said supporting frame y to move bodily.l therewith, a cutting chain on lsaid cutter-frame, means for driving said cutting cham, means for moving said supporting frame to effect feeding of said cuttinO' chain means ada ted to enOaO'e the b 7 b t) walls of the kerf independently of the feeding of said cutting chain and connected to said cutter-frame to move bodily therewith into the kerf cut by said cutting chain, and means comprising spirally interengaging surfaces for operating said korf-wall engaging means.

30. flat breaker adapted to be inserted into a kerf in a mine wall and comprising a frame, a pair of oppositely moving plungers mounted in said frame for movement outwardly therefrom, and means comprising spiral wedge mechanism for operating both of saidy plungers simultaneously by moving both of them outwardly from said frame in Vopposite directions against the walls of the kei-f to exert sufiicient pressure thereon to break down lthe material Vin a mine vein.

3l. Ina mining machine, the combination with a plane kerf-cutter comprising a cutter'- frame anda traveling chain-cutter thereon,

of an eXpansible breaker on rsaid cutterframe, means for adjusting relative positions of portions of said cutter-frame to adjust the slack in said chain-cutter, and power transmission mechanism for operating the said breaker and comprising a sliding connection to permit relative adjustments of said portions of said cutter-frame.

32. In a mining machine, the combination with a plane cutter-frame, of a traveling chain-cutter mounted thereon, a sprocket on said frame for driving said chain-cutter, a breaker comprising expansible'means entirely mechanical and mounted on said frame in position to move into the kerf cut by said cutter-chain, and power transmission mechanismconnected between said Vsprocket and said expansible means Vfor operating the breaker. v. `v

, 33.- In'a mining machine, the combination with` a chain -kerf-cuttei", of a plurality of breakers mounted thereon, power transmission mechanism for operating said breakers,

and inter-connected clutch mechanism for effecting the operation of either breaker at 34. In armining machine,fthe ycombination With a chain kerfcut'tercoinprising adriving sprocket, ol a plurality ospaced-a'part breakers on said kerf=ci`1tter, power transmission :mechanism connected between'v lsaid sprocketfand said breakers, and means for controlling the; transmission of power tosaid breakers individually to secureoperation of one and vthen the'fotl'ier as desired ,to break up the material operated on `with ytheassistance of bending forcesv thereon,A

f 35., In amining machine, thercombination With 'cutting mechanism adapted to make an incision ina mine Wall, ofal'rame Jfor carrying the same, an auxiliary frame mounted on `said carrying frame, a `pair of oppositely vmoving plungers mounted on said.auxiliaryV trame to move in opposite directions to exert pressure on the opposite Walls of the inci-v sion, and mechanicalrotary mechanism entirely enclosed by said'auxiliary frame and said plungers for expanding the latter to cause the same to-engage and exert pressure on such oppositefwalls of the incisioncut by said-cutting mechanism;

36. Iii-fa mining i'nachine, the combination With cutting mechanism adapted to posite walls "of [the Reiff, and mechanism movable 'continuously in the same direction Vfor operating said,expanfsijon.y and contracte ing means'. I

3S.' Iny machine, the combina-- tion With a plane' hert-cutter comprising a duced by saidfkerf-eutter flat cutter frame and a chain cutter mounted tliereomof an expansible pressureexert#Y ing device comprising telesco ingcylinders having 'radiali extensions to erm flat parallel -e'i'igaging surfaces and connected to saidcutter frame to travel ,into they kerf produring the feed ofA all engaging mechanism, t

engaging mechanism along f the lattei-,"and means 'ore'xerting pressure on, said extensions lto spread the same apart rin opposite directions to. cause said parallel surfaces to engage the Walls oic the ker, and meansfor operating said kerf-cutter includ 'ing feedtliereof independently.or1 the operationvof saidvexpansibledevices y ,y 39. In -a ,inii'iingmachma `the combination vWith a supporting frame, of a plane korf-cutter mounted thereon and comprising Y.

a cutter frame and iin/endlessv chaincutter adapted to travel varound the same,`mean's yfor operating said -ker-t-cutter includingthe feed thereof, an-expaiisible ybreaker mounted o'n-fsaid cutterfraine and'co-mprising tele- A scoping cylinders with a restoring spring Within the same, and'meansiorloperating said'br'eaker comprisingl rotary caml mecha-v nism surround-ing said cylinders.Y

40, In a mining machine, thecombination With a kerf-cutteradapted tofform a kerfy the-freeface of in a mineivall spacedfiiroin the coal,of a mechanical breaker carriedfby Y lsaid* kei'f-cutter vand comprising a. vrotary device operable Withinrtli'esame on anaxis at right angles-to the plane of the kerffcut by said korf-cutter to expand the breaker to exert pressure toivard the free face to dislodge the coal, mechanical devices" for transmitting power and means to control the operation of said mechanical devices.` f w v5 t y 4l. In afinining inacliine,=`the combination with; kerfecutters, of' means for operating said kerfscutters''to simultaneously form to said rotary device, n

ico

horizontal and vertical'keris in a mine Wall Y y spaced from thefree face of the coal, and means carried bythe verticalv kerfficutter in position to enter the kerr'- cut thereby and exert pressure toward tlie free face to dis lodge the-coal, said,y means comprisinga mechanical rotaryAv deviceoperable on; yan axis at right angles to the-plane of tlieverz vtical ker, power transmissionmechanism connectedv to said. rotary device,y and means to controlv said 1 power Atransmission mechansnl.k '2T Il v n y, fr 42. Ina mining macliine,-tlie combination with kei-cutters adapted tosimultaneously formfhorizontal and vertical kerfs in a coal v face, ofif a cam-actuated breaking` 'down Y' "means carried by y the., `vertical ker'l'cutter. inv

position to enter the vertical kertin its en-f.

tirety and exert mechanical pressure trans verselyfof the kerf when entirely" Within the same to dislodge the coal, and means to control from Withoutthe kerf the operation of said cam-actuated breaking-down means VWithin thekerf. Y f' 1f.

43'.' InI a mining machine, the combination` vvith'a frame, of meanscarried therebyrork making an r"incision in a mine vein, means lying Withinv the boundary ofv the incision making meansior exerting ypressure on the Walls of the kerf independently of the bodily movement of the incision making means, said pressure exerting means comprising flat kerf wall engaging devices with co-acting expansion mechanism between the same coniprising a rotary Vdevice operating on an axis at right angles to the faces of said kerf wall `engaging devices, and means for controlling from' without the incision the operation of the breaker within the incision.

44. In a mining'machine, the combination with vkerf-cuttersV adapted to simultaneously form horizontal and vertical kerfs in a coal face, of mechanically expansible breaking mounting said breaking down means for movement as a whole laterally of the vertical kerf-cutter to enable the breaking down means to operate independently of said vertical kerf-cutter, and means to control the operation'of said spreading apart mechanism.

45. In a mining machine, the combination :with chain kerf-cutting mechanism, of a plurality of lexpansible breakers mounted in position to enter the kerf cut by said kerfcutting mechanism, each of said breakers comprising Hat-faced kerf wal-l engaging devices with `means entirely mechanical between the V'same for spreading them apart to effect breaking down of the cut material, power transmission mechanism connected to said mechanicalmeans of both of said break-- ers, and means for controlling said power transmission mechanism to secure alternate operation of said breakers and thereby adding bending forcesto the expansive forcesI ofthe breakers toassist in prying the cut material from .the unmined mass 'and the breaking thereof into pieces of sizes suitable for handling and transportation.

146. In apparatus forf mining coal, the combination with a mainframe adapted to be moved along lines parallel toxthe coal face, of lcutting mechanism projecting hori-V zontally from said main frame and adapted to form a horizontal kerf lin the coal,'a` conveyer in'xed relation with said Fcutting mechanism adapted to be carried along the plane of the kerf formed by saidycutting mechanism, shearing .kerf-cutting mechanism mounted on said main framev in upright position, an eXpansible breaker mounted onY said shearing kerf-cutting mechanism and comprising spaced-apart flat-faced kerf wall engaging devices with means entirely mechanical between vthe samey for spreading them apart tobreak down the coal onto said convey'er, and power transmission mechanismextending `from said main frame to said'mechanical means of the breaker.

47. In a mining machine, the combination with a plane chain kerf-cutter adapted to yform a plane ykerf-in a mine wall, of means for operating said kerf-cutter including the driving of the chain and thev feed thereof, an eXpansible breaker mounted on said kerfcutter within the boundary of the chain in position to enter the kerf cut by the kerf- 'cutter andeXpert pressure :on the walls of thekerf independently of the feed of the kerf-.cutter to-break down material, said breaker comprising kerf wall engaging devices and means for intermittently spreading the-same apart to etfectexpansion 'of the breakerI at intervals, and means for' automatically retracting the kerfwall engaging devices after each spreading apartthereof.

48. Ina mining machine, lthe combination with a supportingfframe, of akerf-cutter mounted thereon, a motor mountedy on said supporting frame, power transmission mechanism betweensaid motor andsaid kerf-cutter to operate the latter, an expansible breaker vadapted `to enter the kerf cut by said kerf-cutter and exert breaking pressure on the vwalls of the kerf, said breaker comprising kerf wall engaging devices with means entirely mechanical connected thereto to spreadthe same apart, additional power transmissionmechanism connected to said spreading means, and means `for controlling said additional power transmission mechanism to secure operation of said breaker independently ofthe feed of said kerfcutter,` both of said power Atransmission mechanisms being' connected to said motor for operation thereby. f

49. In a mining machine, the combination with a plane kerf-cutter, of means for operating the same including the feed thereof. and Aanexpansible breaker comprising kerf wallengaging devices with rotary wedging mechanism between'the same for mechanically operating the breaker by mechanically spreading apart saidY kerf rwall engaging devices.` f i' In auinining'machine, thel combinationl with supporting'framework, of chain kerfcutting mechanism mounted thereon, said kerf-cuttingmechanism comprising a cutter frame, anrexpansible breaker mechanical in construction and voperation throughout for exerting breaking down pressure On the walls of the'kerf independently, of the operation of-said kerfcutting, mechanism, saidV breaker comprising kerfwall'engaging devices with' mechanical spreadingA apart means between the same, means .for supporting-said breakerv on said critter frame for lateral movement relatively thereto, 'and mechanical power transmission means eX- tendingalong said cutter frame from said y l'nancy/m2 framew'erkte @aid spreading apart-means to 'eifect the o'pei ationl of the breal'ier.-

` 5L A 'breakeradapted to be" inserted into kerf in a mine wall .and comprising ke'rf wallengaging devices, a rotarydevice for expanding the breaker rvby spreading apart saidkerf wall devices" to yalpredetermined extentia spring forantoi'natically contracting the breaker "by moving said kerf wall engaging devices toward each other afterfhaving been spread` apart to-said pre; determined extent, and mechanism ir'orep'eii atingsaid rotary device,y *f

52. In ja mining machine, the combination e with al supporting frame, of a korf-cutter mountedv thereon and kcomprising ai flat cutter frame and an, endless chain cutter adapt-- ed to trayelr'thereoma driving shaft connected' to said f chainl cutter, an expansible breaker mounted infpositionito travelinthe i kei-f cut by said herr-cutter," saidubreaker.

comprising kerf wallengagingldevices with means entirely mechanical between the-same to spread them apart to break down-cnt materiahand power vtransmission mechanism connected betweensaid drive shaft and `said mechanical spreading -apart meansto operate the latter.V e yc;

53. A breakerV comprising a frame, a plunger mounted on said frame for` -movcment transversely relativelythereto, rotary cam 'niechanismjoirsaid frame for moving saidplunger transversely oi? said frameand means for guiding Suchetransverse movements of such plunger.

54. 'Abreaker adapted to be inserted into a kerf in a mine wall" and comprising a Viframe, a transversely movable plunger on,l

said Jframe and having an :outer flatfkerf wall engaging siirfacc,and a 'rotary' device.

mounted onr said frame for operation .von an axis at rightangles to the'plane of said 'flat surface to actuate said plunger toeiiert pres'- siire on the material adjacent said-"korf to dislodge suoli material.v n jV f In a mining machine, the combination with Akerf-cuttcrs adapted to simultaneously'v form horizontal and vertical kerfs in a coal Vfacc,of power transnlSSion mechanism, connected to said kerfc'utters, n nechanicallyeX- vpansible *breaking down means carried by r the vertical kerf-cutter and adapted to eir-v ertfpr'essureftransiersely thereof to dislodge the'coal, and means under the control ofthe 'operator for connecting said mechanically expansible breaking downv means-:to` said power transmission mechanism to I'effect Aoperation of, said mechanically expansible breaking down means."

y 56; In 'a mining machine, the combiirationwith anu'pright kerf-cutter, of power transmission '1 nechani`sm` connected thereto, me-

chanically eXpansible breaking down means 1 adapted to entertlie upright'kerf cut by said kerf-cutter, mechanicalv mechanism for oper'-r ykerf-cutter and act'to" produce pressurefon vmechanism to expand lthe breaker to exert cutter; a breaker comprising ,flat *ke'rf A wall break down4 the niaterial,power 'transmisating' saidbreaking "down 1means -to exert pressure toward thev free vface of the coal tofdislodg'e", the same, operative connections between said power `transmission mechanism andsaid-operating mechanism, and a clutch for controlling said operative connections: f

` 57; 'Inv a mining "machine, the 'c'o'mbinat'ion`A witlii'kerffcutting 'mechanism comprising ,cutterlframel'land endless chainfc'utter adapted tot'r'avel jthe'reon,v of power transw i? mission 'mechanism connected' to said Y'chainctittery to drive Athe same, '-iiatcxp'ansible pressure 'f. .iie'1`ti'ng me'cl'ianism connected j :to

lsa'id cutter-frame to lie in A the plane thereof wit-hin the boundary ofsaid chai'ncutter in .i position to be carried into' the kerfproduced by 'said keif-cutter andl movev `along such ke'rfv during continued feeding of4 said fkefrf# cutter, and auxiliarypower vtransmissioii mechanism connected betweenY said iirs't- 55 named power transniission',mechanism`y and the walls of said lierf at right angiestliereto without removing thev kerf-cuttei 4and;independently of said i'ieeding 'nieansfpower transmission .mechanism comprising a shaft connectedto said cliain-ciitter, andauxiliary i s power transmission mechanism v'comprisin a i shaft connected between' said first-named shaft fandsaid pressure-exerting: device.LIV

52% In a mining '1'n`acli'i1i`e, tliecombination with la-plane' kerf-cutter coi'nprisiiiga ,cutter-framehaving a chain-cutter traveling yon the-periphery aie-reef, er as expensas, f

breaker havingl 'spaced-apart parallel fiat kerfwall engagingsurfaceswith Ywedg` ig mechanism `between the 4` saine; i and i means comprisin'gvl a rotary' device rotatableV in p planes between saidy surfaces gandi'parallelV thereto' Vto coopei'atewith said wedging pressiirelon*opposite walls of the lierf Acut by said chain-cutter-` Y i 60. In a mining machine,I the combination with a! supportingl frame, of a chain keifm5 engaging means with jmechanism entirely mechanical ,bet'ween the same tov spread apart said kerf 'wall engaging s' means y'to sion mechanism for driving said chain kerflao A cutter, auxiliary power transmission mechanlsm connected -to said breaker for operating the same, and means operable from `without the body of material to control the with a frame, ofV a traveling chain-cutter carried thereby, flat. spaced-apart ker wall engaging devices, means entirely mechanical hetween said kerf wall engaging devices to spread the same apart to break down the material cut by said kerf-cutter,means for supporting said kerf wall engaging'devices on saidframe within the, boundary of said chaincutter,power transmission mechanism comprising a shaft for driving said chaincutter, auxiliary powerv transmission 'means between said shaft and said spreading means for operating the latter from the same source of power as that used for driving said chain-cutter, and a clutch operable from without the working face for controlling the operation of said auxiliary power transmission means while said engaging devices are in said kerf back of the coal face and while'said chain-cutter is being driven.

62. In a mining machine, the combination with a supporting frame, ofmeans carried thereby for cutting a pair ofkerfs in the coal, power transmission mechanism connectedl to said cutting means to drive the same, an-expansible breaker carried by said cutting-means for movement into one ofthe kerfs produced thereby, auxiliary power transmission mechanism for operating said expansible breaker from `said iirst-named power transmission mechanism, and ymeans operable from without the kerfs for controlling the operation of said breaker while the latter is in one of said kerfs entirely back of the Working face. i

63. In a mining machine, vthe combination with a supporting frame, et Va pair of spaced-apart plane ker-cutters mounted on said frame Vand eachl comprising a ilat cutter-frame and an endless chain-cutteradaptedito travel thereon, v'means forY operating said plane kerf-cutters including simultaneous feed thereof, a pair of flat-faced kerfrwall engaging devices mounted on one of said cutter-frames infpositionto enter the corresponding kerf, mechanism between said flat-faced engaging. devices for spreading them apart at right angles tothe cutter-frame 011 which said devices are mounted to cause the latter to exert sulicient pressure on thev coalto break down the latter between the kerf-cutters, and power Atransmission mechanism extending from vwithout the working face to said spreading mechanism for operating the latter while said kerf wall engaging devices are entirely imbedded in the unmined mass. n y

64. A breaker adapted to be inserted into a kerf' in a mine wall and comprising kerf wall engaging devices, mechanical meansrfor intermittentlyy and automatically spreading apart said kerf wall engaging devices, and mechanism for operating said intermittent and automatic spreading apait means.

k65. A breakery comprising a fiat supporting frame comparatively narrow in thickness, flat kerfwallv engaging devices having flat parallel engaging faces, said devices beingv mounted on said frame to adapt the breaker to be inserted into a plane kerf in a min-e wall, rotary means operable in planes between said faces and parallel thereto to expand said devices to cause the same to engage the :walls of the kerf and exert suiiicient pressure thereon to break down the material, and means for limiting theexpansion of the breaker to a predetermined thickness and automatically stopping the operation thereof by automatically returningfsaid kerf wall engaging devices to their initial vpositions in readiness for. another such breaking down operation.

(id-A'breaker adapted to be inserted into a kerf in a mine .wall and comprising a 'f1-ame, kerf wall engaging devices Ahaving parallel spaced-apart engaging surfaces, telescoping guiding cylinders between said kerf wall'engaging devices, and means surrounding said cylinders for spreading apart said-kerf wall/engaging devices relatively to said frame to cause said parallel surfaces to'exert pressure on the walls of the kei-f.

67. In a' mining machine, the combination with a plane korf-cutter comprising a flat cutter-frame and an endless chaincutter mounted thereon to travel around the same, of power transmission mechanism for operating said lkerf-cutter, an expansible breaker comprising means for automatically expanding and contracting the same' intermittently and alternately, auxiliary power transmission mechanism, a clutch for controlling said auxiliary power transmission mechanism, and-means comprising a wiper cam 'for automatically releasingv said clutch to stop the intermittent operation of said.

breaker afterthe samehas been operated repeatedly and automatically and intermittently as aforesaid.

n 68. The combination with a ker'f-cutter adapted to form a ,kei-f in a mine wall, of expansible pressure exerting devices, means comprising arcuate y rotary` wedges for spreading apart said expansible pressure exerting devices teva `predetermined extent and then automatically releasing the same, and arestoring spring between said expansible pressureV exertingdevices for automatically restoring the same to initial positions in readiness Vfor anotherv expanding operation after being thus automatically released by saidl arcuate rotary wedges. i

69. In a mining machine, the combination with a chain kerf-cutter comprising a cutterframe, of a plurality of expansible breakers mounted thereon, power transmission mechanisms for operating said breakers, and

inter-connected clutches for effecting the opl eration of one breaker while the other breaker remains disconnected from the source of power. Y v

70. In a mining machine, the combination with a chain kerf-cutter comprising a cutter-frame, of power transmission mechanism connected to the Ykerf-cutter, two `spacedapart expansible breakers mounted on said cutter-frame, power transmission mecha- Y nisms connected between said breakers and said first-named power transmission mechanism, clutches for controlling the power transmission mechanisms connected to said breakers, and interlocking connections between said clutches to prevent both breakers from being operated at the same time. i y

7l. In a mining machine, the combination with a. supporting frame, of cutting mechanism mounted thereon to extend longii tudinally thereof, a Vrope drum, a rope wound thereon with its free end adapted to be anchored in the mine in position to effect movement of said frame longitudinally thereof when said drum is turned to exert a pull on said rope, a motor on said frame, and power transmission mechanism between saidpmotor and said rope drum comprising a drive shaft on the motor shaft and a l' of May, A. D. 1921.

EDMUND c. MORGAN.

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