US1808921A - Metallic filling for cold accumulators - Google Patents

Metallic filling for cold accumulators Download PDF

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US1808921A
US1808921A US294356A US29435628A US1808921A US 1808921 A US1808921 A US 1808921A US 294356 A US294356 A US 294356A US 29435628 A US29435628 A US 29435628A US 1808921 A US1808921 A US 1808921A
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cold
accumulator
strips
gas
shell
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US294356A
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Frankl Mathias
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PHILIPP AUGUST WEYDMANN
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PHILIPP AUGUST WEYDMANN
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/24—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using regenerators, cold accumulators or reversible heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/42—Modularity, pre-fabrication of modules, assembling and erection, horizontal layout, i.e. plot plan, and vertical arrangement of parts of the cryogenic unit, e.g. of the cold box

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is to provide a cold accumulator suitable for use in the process described in patent application, Serial Number. 81723, process for separation'- otgas-mixtures, especially of air, in which the exchange of cold is effected by means of regenerators arranged for reversed operation.
  • the cold accumulator used in. this Aprocess consists of a cylindrical or square shell 'of sheet" ⁇ inetal through whlch the air or other gaseous mixture flows in axial direction between a number of strips of sheetmetal disposed inside the shell at a distance of from 0,5 to 2,5 mm. apart from one another, whereby an exchange of cold or heat is effected.
  • Fig. 1 is a front view of the cdld accumulator with parts of the shell removed to show the filling strips of sheet metal;
  • Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the shell, the left side of the gure representing a section along a line A-B of Fig. l, the iight side asection along a line O-D of Fig. 3 is a side view of two sheet metal strips one behind the other, the'one in front being drawn in full lines, the rear one in dotted lines;
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of the same
  • Fig. 5 is a side view of the same; the left side of the figure representing the front strips, the righthand side of the figure the strip lying behind, part of the front strip having been removed;
  • Fig. 6 shows the filling in course of manufacture.
  • the strips of sheet metal are disposed inside the shell at distances apart which decrease by steps from top to bottom of the shell7 as may be seen from Figs. 1 and 2, resultino ⁇ in smaller spaces in the lower parts and orming narrower channels or passages appropriate to the diminishingair volume at falling temperature.
  • the shell a is shown cut open in three places to expose to View the strips of sheet metal constituting the filling.
  • the strips are disposed in spirals forming disks of from 500 to 1500 mm. diameter, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6; in square shells the st-rips are put in singly, in which case they must be shaped in such a way, that intervening spaces of the desired dimensions result.
  • the strips of sheet metal should be corrugated and so arranged that a brisk whirling of the air flowing through the channels formed by them is brought about.
  • the strips may touch one another only in points, in no case along a line or plane, because the gas cannot reach laces where the strips touch, so that portions of the cold-exchanging surface are thereby rendered ineffective.
  • the strips are provided with corrugations running aslant towards the edges of the strips; by arranging the corrugations -of neighboring strips to slant in opposite sense, the strips will touch only at the corrugations which is the desired way, i. e. there will be point contact only.
  • the crossing of the corrugations also causes lively whirls in the gas current, thus considerably increasing the cold-exchanging effect.
  • Fig. l shows the shell cutopen in three places to expose. the filling to view; on the left-hand side the front strip is seen, while at the right is shown the strip which lies behind.
  • the corrugations of the upper strips and o are higher than those of the middle strips cl and e and ot the lowest f and g, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • Fig. 2 shows the filling of a cylindrical cold accumulator in transverse section.
  • Fig. 6 shows the spiral winding in course of manufacture, that is in the unfinished state.
  • the strips d and a are preliminarily drawn through pairs of furrowed rollers h and t, and k and l, to corrugate them.
  • the strips are laid next to one another and then spirally wound around the axle m of the cold accumulatorl a,
  • the accumulator described above is of particular advantage in the regenerative refrigeration of gases for the purpose either of separating the componentsv of a mixture of gases, or of removing the moisture or carbon dioxide therefrom.
  • at least two cold aceumulators of the type shown in Fig. ⁇ l must be present.
  • the metallic strips comprising the filling or packing of the accumulator are cooled by means of a refrigerating machine to the temperature at which the Vparticular gi s mixture being treated, for example, air, is to be separated into its components, or at which water vapor or carbon dioxide will precipitate from air or an'y other gas.
  • the air or other gas is then introduced at the top of the first accumulator, which at this stage of the process acts as a cold exchanger, and which gives up its cold to such air and cools the same to the desired temperature.
  • the air is separated into its components, or water vapor or carbon dioxide is precipitated in a suitable apparatus, after which in this manner transferred to the packing of the second accumulator.
  • the components or gases escaping from the second accumulator are almost as warm as the gas introduced into the first accumulator.
  • the flow of gas is reversed, and the gas to be treated is fed first through the second accumulator and passed out through the first accumulator, so that it is cooled in the second and gives up its cold to the first accumulator.
  • the operation is again reversed and the gas to be treated is again introduced into the first accumulator.
  • the accumulator described above thus operates alternately as cold accumulator and cold exchanger in a regenerative retrigerating system, and is to be distinguished from the known forms of tubular cold exchangers which operate continuously.
  • a cold accumulator comprising a shell, the inside space of such shell being divided into a number of zones, strips of sheet metal disposed in each ot said zones and adapted to be chilled by a stream of cold gas passing through the accumulator and to cool av subsequent stream of warmer gas. said strips disposed in such a way that from zone to zone the extent of their surface. and the mass ot metal toward the colder end become greater, while the total How area of the gas channels becomes smaller.
  • a cold accumulator comprising a shell, an axle in said shell, the inside space of said shell being divided into a number of zones, disks composed ot two parallel strips of sheet metal'adapted to be chilled bv a stream of cold gas passing through the accumulator and to cool a subsequent stream of warmer gas, said strips being wound spirally around the axle of the. shell in each of said Zones. and being provided with corrugations aslant to the direction of the gas current, the corrugations of each pair of said strips lying erossways.
  • a cold accumulator comprising a cvlindrieal shell, an axle in said shell, the inside space oii said shell being divided into a number of zones lving below one another ⁇ disks composed of two parallel .strips of sheet metal adapted to be chilled b v a. stream of cold gas passing through the. accumulator and to cool a subsequent stream of warmer gas, said strips hobos wound spirally around the axle of the shell in each ot said zones, and provided with corrugations aslant to the direction of the gas current, the corrugations of each pair of said to a second accumulator from the bottom to the top thereof.
  • a cold accumulator comprising a shell. an axle in said shell. the inside. space ot said shell being dividedinto a number of zones, two parallel strips of sheet metal adapted to be chilled by a stream of cold gas passsignature.

Description

June 9, 1931. M. FRANKL 1,808,921
METALLIC FILLING FOR GQLD ACCUMULATORS med July 21, 192s AAAAAAAAA d Patented June 9, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEv MATHIAS FRNKL, 0F AUGSBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO PHILIP? AUGUST WEYD- MANN, 0F VIENNA, AUSTRIA- METALLIC FILLING FOR COLD ACUMULATORS l S U E D Application led July 21, 1928, Serial No. 294,356, and in Germany August 1, 1927.
The object of the present invention is to provide a cold accumulator suitable for use in the process described in patent application, Serial Number. 81723, process for separation'- otgas-mixtures, especially of air, in which the exchange of cold is effected by means of regenerators arranged for reversed operation. The cold accumulator used in. this Aprocess consists of a cylindrical or square shell 'of sheet"`inetal through whlch the air or other gaseous mixture flows in axial direction between a number of strips of sheetmetal disposed inside the shell at a distance of from 0,5 to 2,5 mm. apart from one another, whereby an exchange of cold or heat is effected. As the specific heat of iron at very low temperatures is considerably less than at atmospheric temperature and also the volume of gas decreases with sinking temperature, while the specific heat of gas remains fairly even, a form of filling for the cold accumulator had to be devised which takes these facts into account. Inside the cold accumulatore `the temperature decreases from top to bottom, also the volume of gas and the specific heat of the iron filling of the accumulator. This latter at minus A190" C. amounts only to 0,036 as compared to 0,11 at plus C., that is two thirds less. vThe volume of gas decreases at about the same rate. The filling must, therefore, be so constituted that its mass toward the bottom or cold zone of the accumulator is greater .than at the top or warmer zone and, therefore, the total fiow area for the gas diminishes toward the colder end.
In the accompanying drawings, which shows a preferred embodiment ot the apparatus according to the invention.
Fig. 1 is a front view of the cdld accumulator with parts of the shell removed to show the filling strips of sheet metal;
Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the shell, the left side of the gure representing a section along a line A-B of Fig. l, the iight side asection along a line O-D of Fig. 3 is a side view of two sheet metal strips one behind the other, the'one in front being drawn in full lines, the rear one in dotted lines;
Fig. 4 is a top view of the same;
Fig. 5 is a side view of the same; the left side of the figure representing the front strips, the righthand side of the figure the strip lying behind, part of the front strip having been removed;
Fig. 6 shows the filling in course of manufacture.
According to the invention the strips of sheet metal are disposed inside the shell at distances apart which decrease by steps from top to bottom of the shell7 as may be seen from Figs. 1 and 2, resultino` in smaller spaces in the lower parts and orming narrower channels or passages appropriate to the diminishingair volume at falling temperature. The shell a is shown cut open in three places to expose to View the strips of sheet metal constituting the filling. In cylindrical shells the strips are disposed in spirals forming disks of from 500 to 1500 mm. diameter, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6; in square shells the st-rips are put in singly, in which case they must be shaped in such a way, that intervening spaces of the desired dimensions result.
To attain thel highest possible effect the strips of sheet metal should be corrugated and so arranged that a brisk whirling of the air flowing through the channels formed by them is brought about. The strips may touch one another only in points, in no case along a line or plane, because the gas cannot reach laces where the strips touch, so that portions of the cold-exchanging surface are thereby rendered ineffective.
With a view to minimize losses from this' cause the strips are provided with corrugations running aslant towards the edges of the strips; by arranging the corrugations -of neighboring strips to slant in opposite sense, the strips will touch only at the corrugations which is the desired way, i. e. there will be point contact only. The crossing of the corrugations also causes lively whirls in the gas current, thus considerably increasing the cold-exchanging effect.
Fig. l shows the shell cutopen in three places to expose. the filling to view; on the left-hand side the front strip is seen, while at the right is shown the strip which lies behind. The corrugations of the upper strips and o are higher than those of the middle strips cl and e and ot the lowest f and g, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 2 shows the filling of a cylindrical cold accumulator in transverse section.. In this spirally wound filling two strips with corrugations slanting in opposite sense are always wound simultaneously, thus forming a double-wormedspiral with corrugations lying crossways. This is seen very plainly in Fig. 6 which shows the spiral winding in course of manufacture, that is in the unfinished state. The strips d and a are preliminarily drawn through pairs of furrowed rollers h and t, and k and l, to corrugate them. The strips are laid next to one another and then spirally wound around the axle m of the cold accumulatorl a,
The accumulator described above is of particular advantage in the regenerative refrigeration of gases for the purpose either of separating the componentsv of a mixture of gases, or of removing the moisture or carbon dioxide therefrom. In such case, at least two cold aceumulators of the type shown in Fig.` l must be present. At the beginning of the process employing the above-described accumulator, the metallic strips comprising the filling or packing of the accumulator are cooled by means of a refrigerating machine to the temperature at which the Vparticular gi s mixture being treated, for example, air, is to be separated into its components, or at which water vapor or carbon dioxide will precipitate from air or an'y other gas. The air or other gas is then introduced at the top of the first accumulator, which at this stage of the process acts as a cold exchanger, and which gives up its cold to such air and cools the same to the desired temperature. After that the air is separated into its components, or water vapor or carbon dioxide is precipitated in a suitable apparatus, after which in this manner transferred to the packing of the second accumulator. The components or gases escaping from the second accumulator are almost as warm as the gas introduced into the first accumulator.
After about five minutes, the flow of gas is reversed, and the gas to be treated is fed first through the second accumulator and passed out through the first accumulator, so that it is cooled in the second and gives up its cold to the first accumulator. After about five minutes the operation is again reversed and the gas to be treated is again introduced into the first accumulator. The accumulator described above thus operates alternately as cold accumulator and cold exchanger in a regenerative retrigerating system, and is to be distinguished from the known forms of tubular cold exchangers which operate continuously.
I claim:
1. `A cold accumulator comprising a shell, the inside space of such shell being divided into a number of zones, strips of sheet metal disposed in each ot said zones and adapted to be chilled by a stream of cold gas passing through the accumulator and to cool av subsequent stream of warmer gas. said strips disposed in such a way that from zone to zone the extent of their surface. and the mass ot metal toward the colder end become greater, while the total How area of the gas channels becomes smaller.
2. A cold accumulator comprising a shell, an axle in said shell, the inside space of said shell being divided into a number of zones, disks composed ot two parallel strips of sheet metal'adapted to be chilled bv a stream of cold gas passing through the accumulator and to cool a subsequent stream of warmer gas, said strips being wound spirally around the axle of the. shell in each of said Zones. and being provided with corrugations aslant to the direction of the gas current, the corrugations of each pair of said strips lying erossways.
3. A cold accumulator comprising a cvlindrieal shell, an axle in said shell, the inside space oii said shell being divided into a number of zones lving below one another` disks composed of two parallel .strips of sheet metal adapted to be chilled b v a. stream of cold gas passing through the. accumulator and to cool a subsequent stream of warmer gas, said strips heilig wound spirally around the axle of the shell in each ot said zones, and provided with corrugations aslant to the direction of the gas current, the corrugations of each pair of said to a second accumulator from the bottom to the top thereof. This second accumulator now operates to store in its packing the cold of the discharging components or gas; in effect, the cold of the first accumulator is 4. A cold accumulator comprising a shell. an axle in said shell. the inside. space ot said shell being dividedinto a number of zones, two parallel strips of sheet metal adapted to be chilled by a stream of cold gas passsignature.
MATHIAS FRANKL.
US294356A 1927-08-01 1928-07-21 Metallic filling for cold accumulators Expired - Lifetime US1808921A (en)

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422825A (en) * 1943-11-18 1947-06-24 American Machine & Metals Delinting screen
US2552937A (en) * 1946-06-20 1951-05-15 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Heat exchanger and method of making the same
US2602645A (en) * 1948-04-09 1952-07-08 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Regenerator and packing therefor
US2836398A (en) * 1953-09-10 1958-05-27 Linderoth Erik Torvald Regenerative heat exchanger for gas turbines
US3062509A (en) * 1953-02-12 1962-11-06 Philips Corp Heat regenerator
US3369592A (en) * 1964-07-16 1968-02-20 Appbau Rothemuhle Brandt & Kri Regenerator for a regenerative heat exchanger
US3373798A (en) * 1965-11-19 1968-03-19 Gen Motors Corp Regenerator matrix
US3910344A (en) * 1974-03-27 1975-10-07 Gen Motors Corp Regenerator matrix
US4010621A (en) * 1974-01-04 1977-03-08 Karlheinz Raetz Stirling cycle heat pump
US4061183A (en) * 1977-02-16 1977-12-06 General Motors Corporation Regenerator matrix
WO1984002392A1 (en) * 1982-12-15 1984-06-21 Svante Thunberg Ventilation plant
US4619112A (en) * 1985-10-29 1986-10-28 Colgate Thermodynamics Co. Stirling cycle machine
US5429177A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-07-04 Sierra Regenators, Inc. Foil regenerator
US6347453B1 (en) * 1998-05-22 2002-02-19 Matthew P. Mitchell Assembly method for concentric foil regenerators
US20030010473A1 (en) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-16 Mitchell Matthew P. Foil structure for regenerators

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2492788A (en) * 1947-05-24 1949-12-27 Air Reduction Regenerator
US2995344A (en) * 1959-02-12 1961-08-08 Parsons C A & Co Ltd Plate type heat exchangers
NL269034A (en) * 1960-09-09 1900-01-01
US3276515A (en) * 1964-04-09 1966-10-04 Chrysler Corp Gas turbine regenerator
US3285326A (en) * 1964-09-18 1966-11-15 Int Harvester Co Recuperative type heat exchanger

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2422825A (en) * 1943-11-18 1947-06-24 American Machine & Metals Delinting screen
US2552937A (en) * 1946-06-20 1951-05-15 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Heat exchanger and method of making the same
US2602645A (en) * 1948-04-09 1952-07-08 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Regenerator and packing therefor
US3062509A (en) * 1953-02-12 1962-11-06 Philips Corp Heat regenerator
US2836398A (en) * 1953-09-10 1958-05-27 Linderoth Erik Torvald Regenerative heat exchanger for gas turbines
US3369592A (en) * 1964-07-16 1968-02-20 Appbau Rothemuhle Brandt & Kri Regenerator for a regenerative heat exchanger
US3373798A (en) * 1965-11-19 1968-03-19 Gen Motors Corp Regenerator matrix
US4010621A (en) * 1974-01-04 1977-03-08 Karlheinz Raetz Stirling cycle heat pump
US3910344A (en) * 1974-03-27 1975-10-07 Gen Motors Corp Regenerator matrix
US4061183A (en) * 1977-02-16 1977-12-06 General Motors Corporation Regenerator matrix
WO1984002392A1 (en) * 1982-12-15 1984-06-21 Svante Thunberg Ventilation plant
US4619112A (en) * 1985-10-29 1986-10-28 Colgate Thermodynamics Co. Stirling cycle machine
US5429177A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-07-04 Sierra Regenators, Inc. Foil regenerator
US6347453B1 (en) * 1998-05-22 2002-02-19 Matthew P. Mitchell Assembly method for concentric foil regenerators
US20030010473A1 (en) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-16 Mitchell Matthew P. Foil structure for regenerators
US6854509B2 (en) 2001-07-10 2005-02-15 Matthew P. Mitchell Foil structures for regenerators

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USRE19140E (en) 1934-04-17
BE353089A (en)
FR35778E (en) 1930-03-27
BE331455A (en)
FR613755A (en) 1926-11-29

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