US1808401A

US1808401A - Grinding machine

Info

Publication number: US1808401A
Application number: US246237A
Authority: US
Inventors: Cook John; John C Spence; Raymond A Cole
Original assignee: Norton Co
Current assignee: Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc
Priority date: 1928-01-12
Filing date: 1928-01-12
Publication date: 1931-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 1948-06-02

Description

June 2, 1931. J. cooK ET AL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 12, 1928 ZSheetS-Sheet l Jfivenioza Join 600/! John C Spenc witnesses I I l June 2, 1931. COOK ET AL 1,808,401

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 12, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 4s By? 46 47 4s 49 5| J'nuentoz4 witnesses Q/afin 600K Job/2 CI Spence Raymond/q 60 6 .esrm L w WWW,

Patented Jane 2, 1931 i the grinding wheel.

I UNITED STATES JOHN COOK, 0F SYRACUSE, NEW

WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS 1'0 NORTON COMPANY, OF WORCESTER,

PATENT OFFICE YORK-AND JOHN C. SPEN CE AND RAYMOND A. COLE, OF

, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS GRINDING MACHINE Application filed January 12,1928 Serial No. 246,237.

This invention relates to grinding machines of the type shown in the patent to vNorton No. 762,838 andmore particularly to a mechanism for positioning and moving In grinding cylindrical objects it is often desirable to move the grinding wheel laterally and to position it accurately in a second grinding-position. For example, in grinding cylindrical objects having a plurality of diameters, where it was necessary togrind close to a shoulder, the operator has heretofore hadto move the heavy work table to bring the shoulder of the work piece into correct position relative to the'side face of the grinding wheel. This requires considerable attention and skill on the part of the operator to position the table accurately relative to. the operative face of the grinding wheel and avoid injuring the work or the wheel. This wastes valuable time in carrying on duplicate grinding operations.

Also, certain types of grmding operations require reciprocating the grinding wheel axially through a short stroke. This is often necessary where the wheel is fed directly into thework and care mustbe taken to avoid leaving abrasive grain markings on the work. Such a mechanism is limited in its utility unless the stroke of wheel reciprocation-is adjustable.

The primary objects of the invention are to provide a grinding machine with a mechansim by which the grinding-wheel may be moved laterally or axially-relative to the work to positionit correctly before the feeding and grinding operation starts, and particularly to provide a mechanism of this type which may be so adjusted that. the wheel may be repeatedly moved accurately to any predetermined position.

Further objects of the invention are to provide an automatic control for sucha I wheel positioning mechanism, and particularly to provide a mechanism which is'so arranged that the operator may move the wheel manually to a'correct and desired porelationship wheel will be automatically moved laterally away from the. grinding'position in a timed with the feeding movement ofthe wheel.

Other objects are to provide a grinding machine in which the wheel may be reciprocated axially during the grinding operation,

and to provide such a construction which may be so adjusted that the wheel may be held stationary or reciprocated during grinding, orthe length of the reciprocatory stroke may be adjusted to a desired extent. It is a further object to combine in a simplified construction a mechanism for repeatedly reciprocating the wheel .I-ax'ially during the grinding operation and "means for accurately moving the wheel. laterally to adjust it in a correct grinding position,

which has such adjustments that the operator may utilize either feature of this'con- .struction as desired.

Other objects will be apparent from the following description and the scope of the claims appended hereto. 7'

In accordance with the==invention, a grinding machine is provided with mechanism for moving the grinding wheel laterally or axially so that it'may be adjusted accurately in a desired grinding position, such as close to a shoulder on'the work piece. This may beaccomplished by so mounting the Wheel spindle that it may slide longitudinally in its bearings. The wheel may be moved manually or automatically, but in the form illustrated the construction is so arranged that the wheel may be moved laterally by a hand lever to its grinding position and it is removed to a second positionby automatically operated mechanism. If it is desired to have the machine semi-automatic in operation, the parts may be so constructed that turning the cross feed mechanism to remove thewheel from grinding contact with the work serves to operate a secondary mechanism which moves the wheel axially. This is particularly useful if the work must be ground near a shoulder/ Toposition the wheel accurately relative to such' a shoulder,'a fine- I 1y adjustable device is provided tolimit the wheel movement and stop it' where desired.

In the preferred construction, the automatic withdrawal of the wheel from the grinding position is accomplished by a fluid pressure operated device controlled manually or in timed relation with the wheel feed movement.

A grinding machine of this type is often required to grind a narrow piece of work, and in such a case the wheel may be fed directly into the work. To avoid leaving abrasive grain markings on the finished work surface, it may be desirable to move the wheel axially during the rinding operation. A further feature of this invention involves such a construction which has an adjustable stop so arranged that the length of the axial reciprocating stroke of the wheel may be varied or stopped entirely. This may be accomplished by employing a cam operating member connected to the wheel spindle by means of a follower which may be lifted from the lowest point of the cam to a greater or less extent by a manually adjustable device, such as a screw. A further feature of the invention contemplates combining various features as above outlined so that the grinding wheel may be moved axially continuously during grinding or it may be adjusted into a desired grinding position and left there.

One embodiment of the invention combining all of these features has been illustrated in the drawings, in which like reference numerals indicate like parts; and in which:

Fig. 1 is a cross sectional view illustrating the wheel spindle operating mechanism taken approximately on the line 11 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of the mechanism taken approximately on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken approximately on the line 33 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the operating mechanism for controlling the axial movement of the grinding wheel relative to the wheel feed.

The form illustrated comprises a grinding machine of a suitable construction having a slide 12 mounted on ways on the base of the machine (not shown) arranged to carry the grinding wheel. The wheel spindle 13- is mounted in

suitable bearings

14 and 15 on the wheel slide 12 and is driven by a pulley 16 from any suitable source of power. A single grinding wheel may be employed but as illustrated, two grinding

wheels

18 and 19 are mounted on the outer end of the spindle 13 and are adapted to grind the different sized

portions

20 and 21 respectively of the work piece. The work piece may be mounted in the old and well known form of supports, illustrated diagrammatically by a headstock center 22 and a footstockcenter 23.

As illustrated in the drawings, the mechanism for controlling the axial movement of the grinding wheel spindle is combined with a grinding wheel spindle reciprocating of the wheel slide 12. The shaft 32 is provided with a cam or eccentric 35 which is engaged by a follower 36 mounted on the lower end of an arm 37. The arm 37 is keyed to a sleeve 38 which is rotatably supported in bearings 39 and 40in the casing A spring 41 is interposed between the casing 33 and the lever'37 to maintain the follower 36 in operative engagement with the face of the cam To transmit the movement of the cam 35 to reciprocate the grinding wheel spindle 13 axially, we provide a yoked lever :15 pivoted on the sleeve 38 which has shoes 46 and -17 pivotally mounted 011 pins 48 and -19 respectively. The shoes and 47 engage an annular groove 51 on the end of-the worm which is threaded on the end of the spindle 13 as shown in Fig. 1. yoked lever -15 may be made integral or rigidly connected so that any movement of the follower will be transmitted to reciprocate the grinding wheel spindle axially. -In the preferred construction, as illustrated, the lever 37 and the yoked member 45 are separately pivoted so that they may move relative to each other.

A clutch member 55 is provided to operatively connect the lever 37 with the yoked member 45 so that any motion of the lever 37 will be transmitted throughthe yoked member 15 to move the wheel spindle 13. The clutch member 55 is slidably mounted on the sleeve 38 and has clutch teeth 56 adapted to engage correspondingly shaped openings 57 in the yoked member 45. The clutch member 55 is connected by a pin 58 to the rod 59 which extends from the front of the casing 33. The outer end of the rod 59 is provided with a knob 60 to permit the operator to engage or disengage the clutch.

The pin 58 passes through an elongated slot (31 in the sleeve 38 so that any rotarymovement of the sleeve 38 is transmitted to the clutch member 55. It will be readily seen from this construction that when the operator pushes the knob 60 inwardly the teeth 56 of the clutch member 55 will engage the yoked member 45 thereby locking, the lever 37 and the yoked member 45 so that any movement transmitted by the eccentric The lever 37 and the 15 rigidly mounted 56 ment. To operate this mechanism 65 surface of the 35 to the follower 36 will move the grinding wheel spindle 13 axially.

To attain oneof the objects of the inven tion, a mechanism is provided for moving the wheelspindle axially to bring the grindally mounted on astud 71- on the-wheel slide 12. The outer end of the lever 70 is pivoted by apin 72 to a connecting link 73,

which is in turn pin 74 to a short lever 75. The lever 75 is on the shaft 76 which is mounted in a suitable bearing in the casing 33. The lower end of the shaft 76 is 'provided with'a gear segment 77 which meshes with a pinion 78 mounted on the upper end a shaft 79. A cam 80 is mounted on the lower end of the shaft 79- cured thereon by a nut 81. of the yoked member 45 is follower roller 90 which is The upper end provided with a adapted to contact with the surface of the cam 80. A spring pressed plunger 91 is interposed between a projection of the casing 33 and the upper end of the yoked member 45 to hold the follower 90 in operative contact with the cam 80. It will thus be readily seen that movement of the lever 70 in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 4) will move the gear segment and pinion 78 to turn the cam 80 in the direction of the arrow, as shown in Fig. 3. Rotation of the cam 80 will move the roller 90 and-consequently the upper end of the yoked member toward the left as viewed in Figs. 1 and 3 and thereby move the grinding relation with the wheel feeding mechanism.

In the preferred construction, .an air op- ]erated mechanism comprising a cylinder 95 pivoted on a stud 96 within the casing 33 is utilized. The cylinder 95 is provided with a piston 97 operatively connected with the gear segment 77 by a connecting rod 98. The rod 98 is connected to the segment by a stud 99 so thatany movement of the piston 97 will be transmitted to move the gear segin timed relation with the wheel feeding mechanism, a cam 105 (Fig. 4) is mounted on the shaft 106 which is rotated in timed relation with the cross feed screw (not shown). A follower 107 is mounted on the end of a rod 108, which is formed-as an integral part of the valve plunger 109adapted to slide within the valve casing 110. Thefollower 107 is maintained in operative contact with the cam 105 by a spring 112 inpivotally connected by a Figsl and 3, to automatically cam 80 and and is rigidly sewheel into engagement with- 40 the shoulder 65.

terposed between the end of-the valve casing 110 and a collar 113 fixed on the rod 108. The pipe 115 is. connected with. any suitable supply of compressed air so that as the cam 105 rotates in the direction of the arrow, as shown in Fig. 4, the valve 109 will be moved toward the right closing exhaust port 111 and thereby serve to open the port 116 to admit air into the valve chamber. The air passes through the port 117 and pipe 118 and through the port 119 into the cylinder chamber 120. This pressure will move the piston 97 toward the right, as viewed in segment in a direction opposite to the arrow shown in Fig. 3. The tension of the spring move the gear pressed plunger 91 will maintain the follower 90 in contact with the surface of the thereby move the wheel spindle toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 1, and withdraw the grinding wheel 18 from contact with the shoulder 65 of the work. It will be seen'that by movement of the lever 70 toward the left at the startin of the grinding operation, the wheel spindle 13 will be moved axially to bring the grinding wheel 18 into operative engagement with the shoulder 65. The cam is so shaped that as the cam is rotated due to movement of the lever 70, the thrust of the wheel spindle against the surface of the cam is sufficient to prevent displacement of the grinding wheel during the grinding operation. On completion of the grinding operation the feed mechanism is operated to remove the wheel from the work and the cam 105 will be thereby turned in the direction of ,the arrow-as shown in Fig. fl to open the valve 109 and admit air into the cylinder chamber 120. This air pressure will automatically rotate. the cam 80 in the opposite direction, and due to the tension of the spring pressed plunger 91, turn the wheel spindle 13 to an inoperative position with the grinding wheel 18 out of engagement with the shoulder 65.

The grinding wheel may be moved accurately to any desired position relative to the work by limiting the movement of the gear segment 77. This may be simply accomplished by means of a set screw 130 (Fig. 3) a suitably threaded through a part of the casing wall 33 and adapted to project into the path of the segment 77. By adjusting this screw to given positions, the movement of the grinding wheel toward the left is limited as desired, and the operator has thereby a very simple means by which he may position the-wheel always in the same position for successive movements thereof. An

moving the wheel back and forth axially during the grinding operation, the clutch member 55 is engaged with the corresponding clutch teeth 57, thus connecting the rocking lever 37 with the yoke 45 so that rotation ofthecam 35 tends to swing the lever 37 and the yoke 45 back and forth and move the Wheel spindle correspondingly. The other portions of the mechanism which serve to position the wheel relative to the shoulder are disconnected during this reciprocatory movement of the wheel. It is possible to limit the extent of axial reciprocating movement of the wheel in one direction accurately by means of a set screw 135 which is threaded through a portion of the housing 33 and projects into the path of one of the arms of the yoke lever/l5. 135 may be removed from contact with the yoke 45 permitting the latter to rock freely but if moved into engagement therewith it tends either to holdthe cam follower 36 away from the cam 35 entirely and thus prevent reciprocation of the grinding Wheel or it may be adjusted to an intermediate position and hold the follower 36 out of contact with the low part of the cam 35 but permit the higher portion of the cam to strike it and so reciprocate the wheel spindle through a limited distance. In this way one mav'adjust the throw of the wheel and cause it to reciprocate either a short distance or a greater distance or not at all. In order to stop the reciprocation of the wheel spindle quickly and easily without reference to the screw 135, a stop 137 having a cam face 138 on its inner end is arranged to engage the end 139 of the spindle. This stop 137 is in the form of a rocking lever mounted on a pin 140 passing through the casing 33 and having a handle 141 projecting therefrom so that the operator may reach and move it readily. These various mechanisms as described make it possible to move the wheel laterally either continuously through a variable stroke or when desired by the operator to position the wheel accurately in a given grinding position.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and useful is 1. A grinding machine comprising a work support, a wheel slide mounted for feeding movement towardsthe Work, a grinding wheel thereon, a rotatable, axially movable spindle to support said grinding whecl, manually operable means to move said spindle axially to locate the grinding wheel in a predetermined grinding position, and automatically operated mechanism to move said spindle axially in the opposite direction to remove the grinding wheel from said grinding position.

2. A grinding machine comprising a work support, a grinding wheel, a rotatable spindle for said wheel, a wheel slide support- The set screw ing the spindle and wheel which is movable to feed the wheel into the work, means to move said spindle axially relative to said slide to'locate the grinding wheel in a predetermined grinding position, and fluid pressure operated mechamsm to move said spindle in the opposite direction.

3. A grinding machine comprising a work support, a grinding wheel mounted for ating to automatically move said spindle axially in the opposite direction.

. 4. A grinding machine comprising a work support, a grinding wheel, a rotatable spindle to support said wheel, a cam mechanism to move said spindle axially to locate the grinding wheel in a desired grinding position, and a cam controlled pneumatic mechanism to automatically move said spindle in the opposite direction.

5. A grinding machine comprising a work support, a grinding Wheel, anaxially movable, rotatable spindle to support said wheel, manually operable means to move said spindle axially and position the grinding wheel in a desired position relative to a shoulder on the work and automatic mechanism operating in timed relation with a moving part of the machine to move said spindle in the opposite direction to remove the grinding wheel from said shoulder on completion of the grinding operation.

6. A grinding machine comprising a work support, a grinding wheel, a slide therefor movable to feed the wheel into the work, an axially movable, rotatable spindle arranged to move the wheel laterally, means for moving the spindle axially to locate the wheel in a given grinding position, and means operable in timed relation with the grinding wheel feeding movement when the wheel is removed from the Work to move the spindle axially and move the wheel laterally from said grinding position.

7. A spindle reciprocating mechanism for a grinding machine comprising a grinding wheel spindle, means to utilize the rotary movement of said spindle to reciprocate the the same axially, means to prevent reciprocation of the wheel spindle, manually operable mechanism to move the grinding wheel spindle axially to locate and hold the grinding wheel in a definite grinding position and automatically operated mechanism to move the grinding wheel spindle in the opposite direction.

8. A grinding machine comprising a work support, a grinding wheel positioned for grinding the same, an axially movable, rotatable spindle for the wheel, mechanism I .for reciprocating the spindle axially including a rotatable cam, a rockin lever operatively connected to the spind e and moved by said cam, and an adjustable device which may be brought into engagement with one of said movable parts to limit the length of stroke'of the spindle. v 9. A grinding machine 7 comprising a grinding wheel, a rotatable spindle to support said wheel, means to move said spindle axially to a definite position including a yoked member engaging a groove in the end of the wheel spindle,'a cam contacting with a portion of said yoke and adapted to move said yoke to transmit anaxial movement to the grinding wheel spindle and a lever mechanism operating through a gear segment and pinion to rotate said cam through the re uired amount. I 10. grinding machine comprising" a wheel spindle, a pivotally mounted yoked member engaging an annular groove in said spindle, a cam contacting with said yoked member to move the grinding wheel spindle axially, a spring pressed plunger, engaging said yoked member to maintain the. same in contact with the surface of the cam, a gear segment and pinion to rotate said cam, a lever to manually. move said segment to rotate said cam and thereby move the grindin'gwheel axially to a desired position'relative to the work, and a pneumatic cylinder mechanism controlled by a cam operated .valve to automatically move said gear segment in the opposite remove the grinding tion when the completed.

11. A grinding machine comprising a support for rotatable work, a grinding wheel slide arranged for feeding the wheel todirection and thereby wheel from said posi-' grinding operation has been wards and from the work, a spindle mounted on said.slide and arranged for axial movement at right angles to 'the feeding movement, a grinding wheel thereon and means, to move the spindle rapidly along its axis and adjustably position the wheel relative to the work which includes a member serving to hold the wheel axially immovable during the grinding operation and an adment of the wheel spindle in one-direction whereby .the'wheel may be accurately and repeatedly moved along the work to and from a predetermined grinding position.

12. A grinding machine comprising a work support, a wheel slide arranged for feeding movement towards-and from the I grinding wheelfthereon,

work support, bearings on said slide, a rotatable grinding wheel spindle mounted for axial movement within 'said bearings, a means to move the spindle ,axially within the bearings and to hold the same immovable during the grinding operation, and an adjustable stop deand locating movement. of the spindle in the opposite direction and hold grinding operation, device for limiting the spindle and. locating the wheel. accurately in any predeterminedgrinding .position relative to the work. I g 14. A grinding machine comprising a Work support, a wheel-slide arranged for feeding movement towards and from the work support, bearings on said slide, a rotatable grinding wheel spindle mounted for axial movement within said bearings, a grinding wheel thereon,"means to move the spindle axially within the bearings and to hold the same immovable during the grinding operation, an adjustable stop device for limiting the axial movement of the spindle the wheel accurately in any predetermined grinding position relative to the work, and automatically actuated meansv to move the wheel axially from said adjusted position afterthe grinding opera tion. v

15. A grinding machine comprising a work support, a wheel slide arranged for feeding -m'ovement toward and from the work, bearings. on said slide, a rotatable axially movable spindle in said bearings, a

the same. during the and an adjustable stop the axial movement of grinding wh'eelmounted thereon, means for Zing operation has been completed.

16. A spindle operating mechanism for a grinding machine slide, spindle bearin s bearings, a grinding wheel-thereon, means including a yoked member. connected to .move the spindle in an axial direction, means including a rotatable cam to oscillate said yoked member and reciprocate the wheel spindle, and manually operable means to rock said'yoked member'to locate and hold the grinding wheel in a idefinite predetermined grinding position.

' 17. A sptndle operating mechanism fora comprising a wheel. A I v thereon, an axially movable, rotatable splndle supported in said grinding machine comprising a wheel slide, spindle bearings thereon, an axially movable, rotatable spindle supported in said bearings, a grinding wheel thereon, means including a pivotally mounted yoked memher which is connected to move the spindle in an axial direction, means including a rotatable cam to oscillate said yoked member and reciprocate the wheel, manually operable means to rock said yoked member and to hold the wheel in a predetermined position for grinding and automatically oper v ated mechanism to move the grinding wheel axially in the opposite direction after the grinding operation has been completed.

18. A grinding machine comprising a work support, a wheel slide arranged for feeding movement towards and from the work support, a rotatable grinding wheel spindle mounted for axial movement on said slide, automatic mechanism to reciprocate the wheel spindle axially during the grinding operation, means for rendering said mechanism inoperative, means for adjusting the grinding wheel along its axial line to position and hold it for a grinding opera tion, and an adjustable stop cooperating therewith for limiting said wheel adjustment so that the wheel may be repeatedly and accurately moved to and from a predetermined grinding position.

Signed at Worcester, Massachusetts, this 9th day of January 1928.

JOHN COOK.

JOHN C. SPENCE. RAYMOND A. COLE.