US1807248A - Superheater header - Google Patents

Description

May 26, 1931. H. B. OATLEY 7 SUPERHEATER HEADER Filed Jan. 15

\ INVENTOR. BY ATTORNEY 8,9 and '10 show anothermodificatiorr, Fig.

Patented May 26, 1931 UNIIED? ss'rares OFF-ICE.

COMPANY, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

SUPERHEATER I any invention refers, of steel, but the method of manufacturing it was by casting. As

will appear fromv the ensuing description and from thedrawings, and as is well known to. those familiar withthisart, these headers arevof a rather. intricatedesign. It is the universal practice at the present time in this country and: abroad to make these headers of castziron, the grade of cast iron necessary being. a particularly good one, the composition of-which must be watched very closely. Attempts that have been made to make such castings of steel have been unsuccessful on account o-f: the difficulty of avoiding blowholes, to which cast steel is ;particularly;.liable.

.The presence .of-such blow-holes is, of course, a very objectionable and serious matter. As

far as I am informed, all attempts-0f using cast steel have, therefore, beenabandoned.

The header made according to my'invention is-made from asi-ngle'forged steel-ingot. There will, therefore, be no blow-holes, the metal being very-compact and satisfactory on. account of -the; forging done on the ingot.

My invention is lllustrated intheaccomer to ;a locomotive superheater, the view being a sectionwon line 1-1 of Fig. 2; Fig. .2 is a-section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. .3 is a front e1evation;F-igs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 showa top" view, Fig.5 a fragmentary front view, Fig. 6 a section on line-6-6 of-Fig. .5, and Fig.7 asectionondine 7 7"of Fig: 5; Figs.

Sr-being: afragmentary top. view, Fig.-. 9 a

fragmentary front view; and Fig. 10a section online 1010.of Fig.19-.- Figs lI-andilEZ show further modification, these-two-vie-ws icor- I 7 Application fi1er1:Ianuary-15,'1927. Serial No; 161,395.

responding respectively. to thoseof Figs. 6 and 5'. v

Referring first to Fig.1,there is shown in this figure a fiuesheet 1 into whichrare expanded'the front ends of fiues;.2. The smokeboxsheet of the locomotive is shown at Thefheader t for the superheater lies in the upper portionof: the'smokebox extending from one side to the. other. Steam is supplied toit by the dry pipe 5. The superheater elements or units are shown at 6. These units are ofthe usual tubular form, each of them havingfour straightlengths suitably connected by return bends to form a continuous path forthe steam. One end w of'each unit-is secured to. a chamberinthe header receivingwet steam from the boiler and the :other end'to a chamber in the header delivering superheated steam to the steam pipe leading to the. engine. All of this isin accordance with the usual standard wellknown practice; The sgeneral disposition of the chambers .inheader, according to my. invention, is also in accordance with present standard practice, as. will be apparent from the ensuing description.

Referringnext fora more detailed descriptio-nofthe header to Figs 2 and 3, it willlbe seen, from Fig. 2 particularly, thatthere are two chambers taand 4?) respectively extend- 4 ing longitudinally through the header. EX-

tending. forward from the chamber. fa-is .a series of subsldiarychambers 4c; and extendingrearwardfrom the chamber ib. 1s a .se-

HENRY 'B. OATLEY, OF GREAT NECK, NEW YORK, .ASSIGNQR TO Tit-IE1 SUPER-HEATER ries off-subsidiary chambers 4rd. The cham- :t".

bers 4c and 4d are intermeshed .in the usual way 'so that they alternate.

Inaccordan'ce with my invention, Ibegin with a solid steel block. The chambers 4a andtb are produced by boring. Theirends are closed, and forthis purpose they arepreferablythrea'ded and plugs4e le are screwed into these openings and then welded, as at ape".

The subsidiaryor secondary chambers 40 are. made by boring'through the 'rear'wall fg and into the solid billet-to a point short of chamber 4b. After theyhave been'bored, the openings in the rear wall 4g, are also closed,

-- preferably-by screwed and welded plugs.

formed in this way.

The subsidiary chambers 4d are formed in The subsidiary chambers 4d are-produced in a corresponding manner, these chambers stopping short of chamber 4a, and the openings in wall lk being likewise closed by screwed and welded plugs.

It will be understood that the closures for the holes spoken of above may be effected in any suitable or preferred manner.

To secure the superheater units or elements 6 to the header I employ means like those which have been used hitherto, that is, bolts and nuts 8 and clamps 7. This feature needs no description as it is well known. To accommodate the bolts 8 I bore the holes 99 through the partition walls between the subsidiary chambers 40 and 4d.

Holes 20- are bored from the underside of the header to communicate with the subsidiary chambers and 4d, their arrangement being clear from Fig. 2.

10 is a connection for the saturated steam from dry pipe 5 and is welded into the open- 7 ing 11, which has for this purpose been'bored into the header 1 at the point 12, enlarged for this purpose, the opening 11 intersecting and communicating with the chamber i-a. Connections 1313 for securing the steam pipes which are to carry the steam to the engine are suitably secured into openings in the front wall preferably by welding.

It will be seen that my invention provides a steel header of dense steel free from blowholes and defects. Onaccount of the greater strength of steel, it can be made considerably lighter than a cast iron header of th same strength. 5

Referring next to the modification of Figs.

4 to 7, it will be seen thatvthe billet is given a somewhat different form. In cross-section it becomes more nearly square. The chambers 4a and 4b are bored in the upper half of the billet and have their ends, closed as in the form first described. The subsidiary chambers 40 are made as follows: Using a suitable bore each' of them is formed by boring from the rear side of the header at such a point that the subsidiary chamber will intersect and open into the main chamber 41a as at 41s. The depth to which this bore is used, however, must not be great enough to let the subsidiary chamber 40 intersect the chamber 46 as otherwise the steam would obviously flow directly into the chamber I?) without going through the superheater elements. For this reason the second portion of the sub Each of the subsidiary chambers 4a is a corresponding manner each intersecting and opening into the chamber 47) at the point an the headand the parts of these subsidiary chambers under the chamber 4a being formed by two channels 4;) as clearly seen in Fig. 5. The holes 4g-4q for the superheater connections are bored from the bottom side of the header as in the first instance. 7 v I It will be clear from an inspection of Figs. 6 and 7 that it is impossible in this case to bore holes through the header for the bolts. For this reason I use anothercommon arrangement for securing the superheater elements to the header, that is, I machine slots elr4r in the bottom side of the header, these slots being T-shaped and extending from front to back of the header. The heads of the bolts are slid into these slots in the well known manner. i Connections 10 and 13- 13 are made to this header in the same manner asin the form first described. 7'

In the form illustrated in Figs. 8to 10, one of the chambers, that is, the chamber 40, is shown in the upper portion of the billet and the other, that is, 4?), in the forward portion. It will be noted that this arrangement is a combination of the form first described and that shown in Figs. 4 to 7. The subsidiary chambers 40 communicating with the chamber 4a are bored into the header from the rear and intersect the header 4a at 410 as in the firstmodification. They may, however, be of full size for their entire distance inasmuch as the location of the chamber 4?) is different from t-he'one shown in the first modification and there is no question of intersecting this chamber. They stop short of the chamber 46. i

The subsidiary chambers 4d communicating with-the chamber 46 are bored from the front. The full size bore is used up to the point 48 and from there on'a double smaller bore as in the first modification. v

There is shown in this modification'ione variation with regard to the connection 10,

and that is that it is placed at the top. This can obviously also be used in connection with the principal form or the first modification. Vice'versa, the connections 10 might in this second modification also be at the rear instead of atthe top.

This second modification'is equipped with T slots like the first modification.

In Figs. 11 and 12 is illustrated a modification of the subsidiary chambers. Where these extend under one of the cross chambers- 4a or 4?), their smaller size may be effected in a manner different from that described in connection with the first two modifications. The reduced portion, instead of being made of two bores of a diameter equal to theradius of the larger bore,.the centers of the three bores lying in a common plane, is here made by'f'a single smaller bore, 4dal,'whose center'iA lies below-the center'B of the large bored.

The top of the bore dcl is lower than the top 1 of the two small bores in the first two modifications, and as a result the longitudinal chamber above it can be put a little lower than in the first modifications. This makes it pos- 6 sible to use a somewhat smaller billet. The holes 20-20, which open into the bore ldd, do so at the sides of the bore as will be clear from an inspection of Fig. 12.

The construction of the secondary cham- 10 bers opening into the chamber 4a and whose smaller bore extends under 46, is similar to that described and will be understood withp out further words.

It will be obvious that some variations may be made in the details of the header without departing from my inventive idea. My invention, as stated above, and as will now be clear, results in a steel header which is without all the defects which have hitherto made the use of steel for this purpose impossible.

'I claim:

1. A superheater header comprising a unitary forged steel block having two parallel cylindrical chambers, and provided with a series of parallel subsidiary chambers at right angles to said first named chambers and each comprising a large cylindrical portion communicating with one of the first named chambers and a smaller cylindrical portion lying under the second of the first named chamers.

2. A superheater header comprising a unitary forged steel block having two parallel. cylindrical chambers, and provided with a series of parallel subsidiary chambers at right angles to said first named chambers and each comprising a large cylindrical portion communicating with one of the first named chambers and a smaller portion comprising 40 two parallel cylindrical bores extending under the second of the first named chambers.

3. A superheater header comprising a unitary steel block having two parallel cylindrical chambers and provided with two series of parallel subsidiary chambers at right angles to said first named chambers, those of the first series intermeshed with those of the second series, each subsidiary chamber having a large and a small cylindrical portion, the large portions of those of one set communicating with one of said first named chambers and the large portions of those of the other set communicating with the second of said first named chambers, the small portions of each subsidiary chamber lying under that one of the first named chambers with which the'large portion does not communicate.

HENRY B. OATLEY.

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