US1806090A - Dephlegmator - Google Patents

Description

J. D. SEG UY DEPHLEGMATOR May 19, 1931.

Filed Dec. 9, 1925 Patented May 19, 1931 UNITED sra .IEAN DE LATTRE SEGUY, OF'CHCAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORQLTO UNIVERSAL 'OIL PROD'-` UCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINQIS, A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA nnPHLEGMATon Application led December 9, 1926` Serial No. 153,491.

`The present improvements relate to dephlegniators and more particularly to dephlegmators for usein the fractionation of vapors produced in the cracking of hydrocari bon oil .although the dephlegmator is for use for other purposes than this.

VIt is an object of the present inventionto provide a'dephlegmator in which eficient 1ntimate .Contact is effected between the vapors and liquid. Y

The dephlegmator of this invention comprises briey a shell in which superposed spaced plates are mounted having upwardly projecting open ended vapor pipes and downwardly projecting open ended overflow pipes. A cap is supported in spaced relation above each vapor pipe, each cap comprising an imperforate plate having an upwardly and downwardly extending flange therefrom, the arrangement being and overiiow the top edge of the flange, 4while the vapors passing through the open ended vapor pipes are caused to have a downward travel. f

Among the advantages of my dephlegmator may be cited the reboiling of the liquid pools formed above the imperforate plates bythe heat of the vapors issuing from the open ended pipes immediately below said im perforate plate, and also the reboiling of the lm overowing down the sides'of the caps in addition to the ecient and intimate contact between the vapors and this film.

Many hereinafter more particularly brought out.

Inthe drawings, Fig. l is a diagrammatic vertical sectional view of the dephlegmator ofthis invention.

-Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig'. l.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view illustrating the arrangement of the vapor and liquid pipes and the spaced ca s.

v .leferring more in detail to the drawings, l designates a shell in which are supported at spaced intervals throughout the height by b such to permit a pool of' Y`Vliquid to collect above the imperforate plate around and slightly below other objects and advantages will be H between 2 and 5 feet in diameter and 20 .to 30 feet high, more or less, depending upon the size of the plant in which it is used. The shell is providedwith vapor inlet and outlet pipes 4 and 5, respectively, infwhich may b e interposed control valves 6 and 7, respectively, a liquid drawotf pipe 8 in 'which 'may be interposed a control valve 9 `may be provided.

The plates or decks 3 maybe spaced say from 10 to 14 inches apart, more or less, as is obvious. Each of these plates extend' preferably' across the interior diameter of the shell 1 and are provided with a plurality of upwardly extending open ended relatively short pipes 10 and with downwardly extending open ended short pipes 11. `The pipes 10 function as vapor pipes, and pipes 11 as liquid overflow passageways. Spaced above each upwardly extending short pipe l() is a spaced cap member designated as a whole l2 which may comprise a-horizontal imperforate plate 13 and upwardly and downwardly extending anges 14 and 15, respectively. The latter 'flange l5 preferably extends the upper end of the correspondin pipe 10, as illustrated in the drawings. T e caps are mounted above each. corresponding pipe 10 by means of the spiders or other suitable elements 16.

he arrangement'is such that a pool of liquid collects in each cap above` the. imperforate plate 13 overiowing the' top of the -ange 14 and flowing downwardly. over the exterior of flanges 14 andA 15 in the form of films. The lower end of each overflow pipeV is preferably of metal may be of any size, i. e.

11 extends below the upper edge of the cor- I iespondmg flangeA v14, thus delivering the Y overflow liquid in the pool collected in said cap and preventing vapors from passing up through the pipes 11.l Itis to be understood, of course, that the pipes 1l in the lowermost deck may merely extend into the dephlegmator, as illustrated in the drawing, and the foregoing description relates to all of the pipes l1 in the plates mounted above the ottoni one.

Cooling liquid may be introduced to the' l dephlegmator if desired directly in contact'V I with the vapors by means of the feed pipel'? extending into the dephlegmator and' terminating in ahorizontally disposed coil'18, the lower side of which is perforated asfillustrated at 19.' Each of said perforations 19 is preferably directly above a corresponding cap 12 ofthe uppermost plate 3.

If desired for the purpose of securing maximum reboiling eliiciency, the side walls of the caps designated as flanges 14 and 15 may taper outwardly from the top to the bottom. Other obvious advantages will also accrue from tapering of these side walls.

In operation the vapors introduced through line 4 ascendthrough the dephlegmator passing first throu h the lowermost pipes 10 and thence outwar ly and downwardly, as shown by the arrows a (Fig. 3) and thence upwardly through the pipes 10 in the plates above. The descending condensate or other liquid overliowing through the pipes 11 first forms the pools b thence overflowing the upper edges of the flanges 14 and down the sides of the caps in the form of films dropping onto the plate 3 where it may form the pool c by reason of the fact that the lower ends of pipes 11 are sealed in pools b and project below the top of flanges 14, thus causing accumulation of a suliicient head of liquid on plates 3 to force. the liquid in pools b over the upper marginal edgles of Hanges 14. The vapors cannot pass t rough the caps but must pass into the cap and around the, lower flanve 15 as indicated by the`arrows. The liquid collecting in the pool 'b and overiowing down the side of the cap is subjected to reboiling due to the heat of the vapors coming in contact with the imperforate late 13 and inner surface of the walls of the ange 15.

As another feature of the present invention, the velocity ofthe vapors existing from pipes 10 are decreased relative to the velocity the vapors entering the bottom of said pipes. This velocity is decreased asy the vapors pass down under the ianges 15. As

the vapors sweep past the liquid body con the tray 3, these vapors will-carry upwardly entrained therewith particles of condensate from this body c. This is very desirable and due to the decrease in velocity vin the large open space below the tray next above, yeficient fractionation will take place, the heavy fractions or those picked up from theliquid body c continuously dropping back to said body. This provides for an eilicientreboiling of the condensate and separation of the heavy fractions from the lightvapors at each step of the column. It is to be noted that the tapering of the side Walls of each cap mits a gradual decrease in thervelocity o the vapors from the bottom to the top of the deck, although it is to be pointed out that the invention contemplates` that the velocity may be decreased by steps.'

I claim as .my invention;

erj 1. In a dephlegmator, the combination with aca'sing, ofa plurality of spaced apart superimposed plates mounted therein, each of said plates .having upwardly projecting open ended pipes, cap members mounted thereabove and spaced therefrom, said caps comprising an imperforate plate and flanges projecting above plate toaccum'ulate liquid pools above the plate and imparta downward movement of and below `said imperforate the vapors as they -pass out of the open ended' f 2'. A dephlegmator com rising in combination, a vertically dispose column, a plurality of spaced apart superimposed plates mounted within said column, each of said plates having a jecting, open-ended pipes and a plurality of downwardly projecting, open-ended pipes, th?

downwardlyprojecting, open-ended pipes o one plate being staggeredly disposed with respect to the downwardly projecting, openended pipes of the next adjacent plate, cap members mounted one above each of the upwardly projecting open-ended pipes and spaced therefrom, each of said caps comprising an imperforate plate and'flanges projecting both above and below said imperforate plate, the flange projecting above said imperforate plate adapted to accumula-te a pool ofA liquid above the plate.

plurality of upwardly pro-I i 3. A dephlegmator comprising incombinay tion, a cylindrical, vertically disposed casing, a plurality of spaced apart, superimposed plates dividing said casing into compartments, a plurality of separate pipes extending upwardly ment positioned -above such plates, a plurality of independent Vpipes extending downwardly from ment below said late, a plurality of independent cap mem rs spaced one above each of the upwardlyprojecting pipes of each plate, means for passing a lm of liquid down the outside surfaces of said cap members, means for admitting vapors to said casing, means for removing condensate lfrom said casing, and means for removing uncondensed vapors from said casing.

4. A dephlegmator comprising in combi-- Adescending liquid to'be heate by the vapors each plate into the com art.

from each plate into the comparttrap ed therebelow, a plurality of said cap mem ers being respectively 1n alignment with the downwardly extending pipes from the plate above, whereby said pipes deliver into the pools of said caps.

5. A dephlegmator comprising in combination, a cylindrical vertically dlsposed casing, a plurality of spaced apart, super-imposed plates dividing said casing into oompartmcnts, a plurality of separate pipes extending upward from each plate into the compartment positioned above such plate, a, plurality of independent pipes extending downwardly from each plate into the compartment below such plate, a plurality of independent cap members spaced one above each of the upwardly projecting pipesof each plate, the lower side of each said cap members being `adapted to pocket ascending vapors, and the upper side thereof being adapted to pocket descending liquid to be heated by the vapors trapped therebelow, a plurality of said cap members being respectively 1n alignment with the downwardly extending pipes from the plate above, whereby said pipes deliver into the pools of said caps, said cap members Ahaving downwardly and outwardlyflaring conical sides, whereby the overow-from said pools form a film oversaid conical surfaces, which is also subjected to reboiling by the vapors trapped therebelow.

JEAN DE LATTRE SEGUY.

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