US1803091A - Inclosure - Google Patents

Description

April 28, 1932..

A. F. BEMIS INCLOSURE Filed Dec. 1,4, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 y ya April 28, 1931. A, F, BEMls ,1,803,091

INGLOSURE Filed Dec. 14. 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. F. BEMIS Apfil 2s,V 1931.

INCLOSURE Filed neo. 14, 19.29

3 Sheets-Sheet 5 www/I- Patented Apr. 28, 1931 UNITED STATES ALBERT F. BEMIS, OFl NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 BEMIS INDUSTRIES,

PATENT OFFICE INCORPORATED, 0F`BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE IN CLOSURE Application filed December 14, y1929.y Serial No. 414,057.

This invention relates to improvements in building construction, and-more particularly to the construction and arrangement of the retaining walls andwindows or the like for tion wall for support, and settling of thev earth which is disposed beneath the overhangingstructure will permit the latter to crack orv break away. Furthermore, the concrete area walls have required the provision of pouring forms which were difficult and expensive to build and which impeded the rapid continuation and completion of the construction of the building, and the resulting light-admitting areas were` ordinarily quite limited.

The present invention is designed primarily to avoid these deficiencies and objectionable features and to permit theV rapid construction of inclosures for cellar areas, which are adapted to remain indefi-V nitely in position and which are vnot primarily dependent upon `the adjacent soil for support and which are so constructed that the settling of the soil doesnot materially affect the stability of the retaining wall. Furthermore, this arrangement is particularly advantageous in permitting substantially the maximum amount of light to pass into the basement from an area of determined size.

To permit the attainmentof these desira ble results, I preferably provide preformed members which may be used in conjunction with the form elements provided for the lpouring of a cementitious foundation. Preferably the preformed members are pro-V vided with means tofinterlock with the ad` joining portions of thefoundation to ensure the firm continued Vretention of the area walls in position; and they maybe arr ranged so that they are supported bythe adjoining earth, evenif t-he same settles. To this end the outer wall of my improved area may be inclined in relation to the basement wall. f lPreferably the window is arranged at a slight angle to the horizontal at the top of the area Vso that substantially the entire extent of the same may be effective inl admitting light to the basement. Thus with areas of a givenV size a maximum amount of light and ventilation may V,be pro-'v vided for the basement. j f

While my improved inclosure construction' is adapted generally to-be employed with j substantially all typesof pouring forms for foundations,` it is particularly adapted to be used in conjunctionwith the' form arrangement disclosed and claimed in my copend-v ing application Serial No. 342,996, filed Feb-v ruary y2.7, 1929, which involves the employmentof precast slabs between which cementitiousmaterial is poured in order to provide a foundation wall, suitable temporary uprights being disposedv between the ends of ythe adjoining preformed slabs to holdthem in place until therpoured concrete hasset.

rIn theaccompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through my improved type of inclosure for cellar areas, including a portion of the adjoining foundation and' part ofthe building frame;

.Fig 2 -is a perspective'view of apart of the inclosure with a part of the foundation wall removed for clarity of disclosure;

VFig. 3 is a perspective'view of the outer side of the inclosure with the foundation wall and parts of the walls kof the .inclosure broken away; I

Fig. 4 is a top view of the inclosure with the window removed;

Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of a portion of the inclosure; and

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a portion of the inclosure showingv the relation of theV same to the adjoining earth after the latter hasY settled. l

foundation wall is being formed.

I preferably employ precast slabs of cement-itious material for the construction of my improved inclosure for cellar areas, theseslabs being located in place as the For convenience of description I will first refer to the completed inclosure and then will describe a typical manner in whichthe same may be assembled with the adjoining building structure.

Referring-first to Figs. 2 and 3, my improved area inclosure comprises side slabs 1 which, as shown, may be substantially trapezoidal, having a vertical edge substantially in the plane of the inner face of the basement wall2, having a lower ysubstantially horizontal edge 3 resting uponra portion of that wall which forms the bottom of an opening andhaving an inclined outer edge 4. In many installations the edge 3 may project somewhat beyond the outer lface of the wall. Anintermediate slab 6 is disposed between the side slabs 1, being inclined downwardly and inwardly so that its lower end may be embedded in the poured cementitious material 7 of the foundation 2. Preferably7 as shown in Fig. 1, the slab 6 is thus spaced from the inclined edges 4 of the side members 1, preferably being disposed at a greater distance from the same at the bottom of the inclosure than at its top.

f Suitable metal sleeves 10, Fig. 1, may be embedded inthe slabs 1 and receive tie bolts 11 upon which nuts 12 are threaded to hold the side members 1 in firm engagement with the inclined slabs 6. To permit the more effective attainment of this result suitable groovesy 13 are provided in the slabs 1, Vand the ends of the intermediate member 6 are rabbeted to afford tongue portions 9 to interiit with these grooved portions of the side panels. Thus the fastening elements ing them in firm engagementwith veach other. f c

Preferably brackets 29 extend outwardly from the first'floor sill 30 of the building rframe and are provided with openings 32 which receive pins 33 extending through the slabs 1 more firmly to hold the latter in place.

A suitable transparent closure 20 may bev L disposed at the top of the inclosure assembly,

including a suitable window panel 21 which may be formed of glass reinforced with wire or the like and a frame or sash 22 which may rest upon the upper edges of slabs 1 v and 6. Preferably the inner edge .of this window frame isconnected by hinges 28 with brackets 29. A flashing strip may Yb esecured to the sill 30 or to a wooden strip 33* mounted thereon and may extend over` a metal lip 37 carried by the window frame to provide a suitable weather-tight joint at this point. The remaining edges of the window frame may be provided with depending metal flange portions 40'aL which prevent the passage of moisture about the upper edges of the slabs.

Preferably slabs 1 and 6 may be precast of cementitious material, such as a suitable Portland cement, which may be reinforced by Va coarse reticulated wire or rod members, Vdesignated inl general by numeral 40,

Fig. 5. Outstanding bars 41 may be provided by extensions of portions of this member or by other rods that are embedded in the side panels of the inclosure to extend into the cementitious material 7 of the foundation both at each side of the inclosure and beneath the same.

l `The horizontal lower edges 3 of the side panels 1 facilitate the employment of this construction with any type of form boards, since these edges may rest upon the boards of the form, but when preformed slabs are employed to define the faces of the foundation, disclosed in my copending application Serial No. 342,996, the lower edges of these panels may rest upon the slabs, as shown. As disclosed in the copending application referred to, the building frame may be: erected upon the footing, the uprights 51 for the foundation form being temporarily connected to portions of this frame and preformed slabs 50 being arranged with their edges in juxtaposition to thesev uprights to provide a form into which the cementitious material is poured. This mode of construction particularly facilitates the employment of the type of area inclosures disclosed herein, since, as shown in Fig. 1, the lower edges 3 of the side `panels 1 may rest upon the edges of the preformed slabs and the brackets 29 after being secured to sills 30 may be connected by pins 33 to the upper portions of the panels, the bolts L11 being arranged to clamp the slab' between the outer portions of the panels 1. As shown, the outer uprights 5l adjoininglthis portion of the wall may terthen allowed toreceive an initial set before the cement is poured 'at each sider of the panels l to complete the foundation up to the'level of sills 30. VAsdescribed above, panels larev provided withr rods 41 projecting into the space between the opposite layers of preformed slabs 50` so that when cementitious material is poured into this space, these rods firmly interlock with the same, while the lower edge of slab 6 is embedded in the poured cementitious material. Fig. 6 illustrates the manner in which'the earth may be packed about an inclosure con structed in accordance with this invention, and particularly the arrangement of the same adjoining the intermediate panel 6. It is evident that although the earthimay tend to settle at this point it will merely become more rmly packed adjoining the lower part of the panel 6, thus lending appreciable support to the same; however, even if the earth settles entirely away from the inclosure, the latter is firmly supported by the basement wall and the sill, due to the arrangement of the lower portion of panel 6 in the poured cementitious material 7 and from the interlocking engagement of the rods 41 with the same cement, as well as the connection of the side panels to the sill. It is further evident that the arrangement of the transparent closure 20 in a slightly inclined position permits the admittance of the maximum amount of light to the cellai despite the limited area occupied by the inclosure or the limited horizontal extension of this assembly outwardly of the basement wall.

An inclosure assembly of this character is particularly adapted to be employed in conjunction either with the mode of constructing foundation walls described in my copending application identified above, or

Vin conjunction with the employment of removable form boards, it not being necessary to provide elaborate forms or to delay the construction of the foundation to permit the Vconstruction of the cellar area inclosure.

I claim:

l. In a building, a foundation wall having an opening, and a plurality of preformed cementitious slabs secured together to provide an inclosure for the area adjoining the opening and to form a retaining wall for the surrounding earth, a lower portion of each of said slabs being in engagement with the foundation adjoining the bottom of the opening, certain of said slabs having horizontal lower portions resting upon the foundation and extending outwardlyl from theA rounding earth, said slabs being held in in-V terfitting relation with each other, and metal elements having portions embedded in certain of the precast slabs and having portions extending into the adjoining foun ation.

8. In a building, a basement wall having an opening, a plurality of preformed-cemen- Y titious slabs secured together to provide an the opening.

inclosurefor the area adjoining the openingA *i .and'to form a retaining wallV for the sur.-v

rounding earth, said fslabsbeing held in inf `terfitting relation with each other, and means. connecting certain ofsaid'slabs tothe sill for the lower floor of the building.

4. lA building construction comprising in combination a foundation wall,'an opening ,Y in the same and an inclosure and retaining and an intermediate panel inclined ldown-v wardly and inwardly to join the foundation at its loweredge. f

6. A Vbuilding construction comprising in combination a foundation wall having an opeiiing,janl inclosureH and retaining -ar-vrangement .p for thev` same comprising side 'panels Aformed of precast 'cementitious material, and the intermediate `panel inclined downwardly and inwardly'to join the foundation at its lower edge, said intermediate Y panel 4being received -in grooves in said side panels, and means tying the :side panels to each other and yholding the intermediate panel lin firm kengagement therewith.

7. A building construction comprising in combination a foundation wall having an opening, an inclosure'and retaining arrangement for theksame comprising side panels, an intermediate panel inclined downwardly and inwardly to join the foundation at its lower edge, and a substantially horizontally disposed closure panel arranged over the inclosure.

8. A building construction comprising in combination a foundation wall having an opening, an inclosure and retaining arrangement for the same comprising side panels, an intermediate panel inclined downwardly and inwardly to join the foundation at its lower edge, a substantially horizontally disposed closure panel arranged over the inclosure, and hinges connecting the inner portion of the closure panel to an adjoining part of the building. Y

9. In a building, a basement wall having an opening, a sill extending along the to of the basement wall, an inclosure for a cef lar area projecting outwardly from the foundation wall adjoining the opening, said inclosure having side wallportions, and connections between said portions and the sill, the lower parts of the side wall portions engaging the foundationat the bottom of 10. In a building, a vertical wall with an opening in which is disposed a window unit,

said window unit comprising a performed inclosure for the farea adjoining'the opening and a weather-proof cover for said inclosure, said cover being 1n a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of said wall and at least a portion of-said cover being adapted to permit the passage 4of light..

Y 1l. In a building, a foundation Wall having an `opening in which isdisposed a structure, a pont-ion of which permits the transmission of light, said structure comprising aVV plurality of preformed cementitious slabs secured together, the lower portion of each of said slabs being in engagement With vthe foundation adjoining lthe bottom of the opening, the upper port-ion. supporting a cover to the opening, said cover having aA translucent portion and being in a substantially horizontal plane projecting outwardly from said wall.v f

12. In a building, a vertical wall having an opening in which is disposed `a window unit comprising a plurality of preformed cementitious panels secured together to provide an .inclosure for the area adjoining the,

opening,` the lower portion of each of said panels being in engagement with the Verti cal wall adjoining the bottom of the opening, the outer panel projecting upwardly and outwardly at a substantial. angle to said vertical wall, the side panels extending from said wall to the outer panel, and a cover for said inclosure,'said cover including a translucent sheet and being supported by said panels. Y Y y Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts,

this 10th day of December, 1929.

wss"

ALBERT F. BEMIS.

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