US180090A - house - Google Patents

Description

6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

R. E. HOUSE. ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

No.180,090. Patented July 25,1876.

N.PETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPMER, WASHINGTOH. D C.

e SheetS-Sheat 2 ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH APPARATUS. No.18.0.090-. "if Patented Jul 25,1876.

7712106 6 s as: 2

NJ'ETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, D. Cv

6 sheetsfsheet 3' R. E- HOUSE. ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH APP ARATUS. Q, P ented July 25,1878. l B a N.FETERS, PHOTD-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D. 04

v 6 Sheets-Shank R. E. HOUSE.

. ELEGTRIC'TELEGRAPH APPARATUS. No. %80,090 .1 ed July 25,1876.

IIIIIIIIII u a A I 'TIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!FIIIIMI/ g: r t" f fnueltbn Nv FEI'ERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAFHEW. WASHINGTON, n C

6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

R. "E. HOUSE.

ELECTRICTELEGRAPH APPARATUS. No.180,090. Patented July Z5;1876

ll 0 B %%/W Y Mia N. PETERS, PNOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTBH, D c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROYAL E. HOUSE, OF BINGHAMTON, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN ELECTRIC-TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 1S0,090, dated July 25, 1876; application filed February 20, 1874.

*T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROYAL E. HoUsE, of Binghamton, in the county of Broome and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Automatic Reproducing Record Telegraph for Postal Service; and I do hereby declare the following to be a fnll,'clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1, Sheet 1, is an end elevation of the apparatus. Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a front elevation. Fig. 3, Sheet 3, is atop-plan view. Fig. 4, Sheet 3, is a longitudinal section of the driving shaft and its attachments. Fig. 5, Sheet 3, is a diagram showing a telegraphline, its ground-plates, and five intermediate stations, one of which is provided with all the electric connections used at each station. Fig. 6, Sheet 3, is a transverse section of the driving-shaft, taken in the line or m, Fig. 4. Fig. '7, Sheet 3, is a. similar section of the shaft, taken in the line y y, Fig. 4. Fig. 8, Sheet 4, is a side elevation of the registering-wheel, showing the calling-in frame, together with the tension and setting deficesfor thepins of the wheel. Fig. 9. Sheet 4, is a top-plan view of the registering-wheel and its devices mounted upon the counter-shaft. Fig. 10, Sheet 4, is

a horizontal section ofthe registering-wheel, taken in the line z 2, Fig. 8. Fig. ll, Sheet 4, is a detached section of the registering wheel with the pins aligned. Figs. 12 and 13,

Sheet 4, are elevations, respectively, of the devices for unlocking the throwing-out and calling-in frames from the pins of the registeringwheel. Fig. l4, Sheet 4, is a top-plan view of the magnet from which the main shaft of the apparatus is driven. Fig. .15, Sheet 4, is a central vertical section of the receiving-magnet. Fi x- 16, Sheet 4, is a longitudinal section of the counter-shaft and sleeves of the calling-in and throwing'out frames. Fig. 17, Sheet 4, is a section taken through the rim of the drivingwheel in the plane of the line 2 2, Fig. 18. Fig. 18, Sheet 4, is a vertical section of the apparatus through the line 2 2 Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 19, Sheet 4, is a transverse sec tion of the driving-magnet through the line 2 2 Fig. 14. Fig. 20, Sheet 4, is a top-plan view of the reproducirig-magnet, with the slitting-knives and their upright arms removed. Fig. 21, Sheet 4, is a transverse vertical section of the guidc'bed for the reproducing-instrument, taken in the line 2 2, Fig.3, showing the slitting-knives in elevation. Fig. 22, Sheet 4, shows the several positions of the slitting-knives and eml'mssing-rollers of the reproducing mechanism. Fig. 23, Sheet 4, is a top-plan view of the shears for cutting the fillet of paper, and a transverse section of the guide for directing the paper away from the reproducing devices. Fig. 24, Sheet 4, is a longitudinal section of the inductioncoil. Fig. 25, Sheet 4, is a transverse section of a guidebed, taken through the line 2 2 Fig. 18. Fig. 26, Sheet 5, is a longitudinal section of the transmitting guide bed. Fi 27, Sheet 5, is a transverse section of the same, taken in the line or 00, Fig. 26. Fi 28, Sheet 5, is a transverse section for the supports of such bed. Fig. '29, Sheet 5, is'a top-plan view of the bed. Fig. 30, Sheet 5, is a transverse section of one ofthe lightning-arresters; and Fig. 31, Sheet 6, is a diagram showing all the electric connections of the apparatus, together with all the parts of the latter necessary for tracing the course of the currents.

Similar letters of reference in the accompanying drawings denote the same parts.

My invention has for its object to automatically transmit a telegraph message recorded in a filletof paper, and to zwtomatically reproduce fac-simile copies of such record at any or all thestations of the telegraphline.

To this end the invention consists, first, in the system ofcoinmunicating message-symbols by means of straight slits in a fillet of paper arranged alternately in two parallel lines, each slit representing a symbol distinguishable by its length from all'the other symbols.

It further consists in the. method of antomatically transmitting electric telegraph symbols by alternate reversed currents sent through the main wire by the vibrations of a local circuit-changer, operated by the moving fillet of paper containing the message-slits.

It further consists in the automatic transmission of telegraph -symbnls by alternate electriccurrents induced in the main wire by a moving fillet of paper containing two parallel rows of message-slits, through which two traclriingers alternately drop as the paper moves to operate a local vibrating circuitchanger.

It further consists in the mechanism and combination of mechanisms by which the messages are transmitted.

it further consists in the mode or method ofautomatically reproducingelectric-telegraph symbols by the alternate recipi'ocations of two slitting-knives through a fillet of paper moving over them, the length of the slits corresponding with the period of time each knife is, in turn, held through the paper, so that the slits reproduced in the fillet of paper at the receiving-station shall be fac-similes of those forming the record at the tmnsmitting-station.

It further consists in controlling the electric currents induced in the main line by the length of the message-slits in the record, so that the length of time between each current will exactly correspond to the distance between the beginning of one slit and the beginning of the next adjoining slit in the opposite row.

It further consists in the mechanism and combination of mechanisms for reproducing the message-symbols, and controlling the electric currents in the main line.

It further consists in the combinatioir of the transmitting and reproducing mechanisms.

It further consists in the mode or method of connecting and disconnecting the stations of the telegraph-1ilie-that is to say, in the mode or method of calling a station into connection with a transmitting station to receive a message, and of throwing the receivingstation out of communication with the transmitting-station after the message has been sent;

It further consists in the mechanism and combination of mechanisms for connecting and disconnecting the stations of a line.

It further consists in the combination of the transmitting and reproducing mechanisms, and the mechanism for connecting and disconnecting the stations of a line.

It further consists in the mode or method of automatically joining the two helicesot' the receiving-magnet when a message is being received at a station, for the purpose of increasing the power of the magnet when receiving amessage by decreasing the conducting resistance in the receivingmagnets of all the other stations of the line within reach of the current.

It further consists in the mode or method of automatically disconnecting the two helices of the receiving-magnet, and joining them separately to the main line, when their station is not receiving a message, for the pur pose of offering less resistance to the passage of the line-current through them.

It further consists in the mechanism and combination of mechanisms by which the helices ot the receiving-magnet are automatically joined and separated.

It further consists in the mode or method of notifying the operator at a transmittingstation that a receiving-station is called into comnmnication with such transmitting station, and is ready to receive the message.

It further consists in the mechanism and combination of mechanisms by which such notification is effected.

It further consists in the combination, at a telegraplrstation, ot' a calling-in magnet, a reproducingmagnet, a receiving-magnet, and their electric connect-ions.

It further consists in the combination, at a telegraph-station, of a receiving-magnet, a

calling-in magnet, and an induction-coil interposed in the main wire.

It further consists in the combination, at a telegraphstation, of a receiving magnet, a calling-in nu'lgnet, a reprod[icing-magnet, an induction -coil, and two primary helices arranged within the induction-coil.

It further consists in the construction of the several magnets.

It further consists in their combination with various parts of the apparatus.

It'further consists in equalizing the force of the main-line currents, for the purpose of securing the automatic formation of the message -symbols of the. requisite relative sizes throughout the whole line. and to prevent like message-symbols from differing in length when formed by the current passing through either primary helix of the induction-coil.

It further consists in the construction of the induction coil with the double helix, connecting the local battery with the calling-in magnet of a station.

It further consists in the combination of an adjustable magnet with the induction-coil.

It further consists in winding the corresponding helices of the calling-in magnet, the reproducing-magnet, the receiving-magnet, and the primary helices of the induction-coil in the same direction, so that the electric currents shall each move through the circuit of like helices in the same direction at each station and at all the stations of the line.

It further consists in the mode or method of establishing a uniform movement of the paper fillets at all the stations of a telegraphline.

It further consists in the mode or method of providing a standard measure of time at all the stations of the line, for the purpose of determining the speed of the driving-shafts.

It further consists in the mechanism and combination 0t mechanisms for effecting such results.

It further consists in the mode or method ot' cutting ofl' a reproduced record from the fillet of paper on the guide-bed ot' the reproducing mechanism.

it further consists in the employment of lightning-arresters ot' peculiar construction to conduct strong atmospheric currents along the main line past a station, and prevent them from injuring the receiving-magnet, and to direct the message currents into the receiving-magnet, and prevent them from passing the station.

It further consists in the means employed forjoini'ng the lightning-arresters to the main line at a station.

It further consists in the means employed for ascertaining any defect in the insulation of thelightning-arresters.

It further consists in the method of graduating the power of a local battery and determining the amount of such power; and it consists, finally, in the construction and combination of various parts of the apparatus, as I will presently describe.

Having thus set forth the general principles of my invention, I will now describe one means by which it may be carried into practice, beginning with the transmitting mechanism, which is constructed and operates as follows:

In the accompanying drawings, A is the frame of the instrument, constructed in any suitable manner, and provided with two uprights, A, which support the main drivingshaft B. This shaft is employed to operate two sets of feeding deviccs.viz., one set by which the fillet of paper containing the record is fed through the instrument for transmitting a message, and the other set for feeding along another fillet of paper, in which a received message is recorded, so as to constitute a facsimile of the record from which the message was sent.

For a proper understanding of the invention, and to prevent confusion in description, it is necessary to bear in mind that each station along a telegraphline is provided with two instruments in addition to the one by which the record is first made-to wit, one for transmitting and receiving and one for reproducing a transmitted message. It is evident, therefore, that a message may be received and reproduced at one station without being transmitted to another.

The shaft B is supported in its bearings upon friction-wheels u, placed within the uprights of the frame, and is provided with a fly-wheel, (J and the cylinders D E. These cylinders, in connection with pressure-rollers, are employed to feed the fillets of paper through the transmitting and reproducing instruments, and are each formed with several rows of teeth to take hold of the paper, and with two periph' eral grooves to receive the embossed tracks in the fillets. The grooves should be the same distance apart, in order to register with each other and the grooves in the 0 linder of the recording-instrument, so that the embossed tracks in the paper containing the record may fitthe grooves of all the cylinders.

The shaft is driven by two collars connected thereto, so as to clamp the hub of the drivingwheel between them by frictional contact, and transmit its motion to the shaft. The wheel is driven by electromagnetism, as 1 will presently describe. For the purpose of controlling the speed of the shaft, I regulate the frictional contact of the collars and hub of the driving-wheel by means of a governor, consisting of the crossed levers G, carrying balls F upon their ends, and pivoted together upon the shaft between the cylinder D and fly-wheel U by a screw or pin, I. One-half of the shaft is cut away for this purpose, and after the parts have been applied a protecting-ca I", is placed overthem upon the shaft, as shown in Fig. 4. L L are short links, pivoted at one end to the upper and lower governor-levers, and at the opposite end to a rod, M, extending within the shaft toward the hub of the driving-wheel S, the shaft being made hollow for this purpose. The other end of the rod carries a pin, Q, which projects through a slot in the shaft, so as to connect with an exterior collar or ring, P. This collar is adapted to slide freely upon the shaft, and is formed upon opposite sides with two projections, each containing a conical recess. A second ring, P, is mountedupon the shaft, but is fixed thereto between the ring P and fly-wheel. It is also provided with projections having conical recesses, and the two rings are united by pointed pins It, placed between them, with their points in the conical recesses. This arrangement is employed to prevent the holding and guiding pin Q, from binding within the slot of the shaft when the collar P is being moved by the governor.

The driving-wheel S is made with along hub fitting loosely upon the shaft, and terminating at its inner end in a grooved pulley, h. i is a collar or plate mounted upon the end of the shaft, so as to bear against the flat outer end of the wheel-hub, and held in place by the enlarged head of an adjusting-screw, l, fitting into the end of the shaft. The collar is prevented from turning upon the shaft by a short tongue projecting from its inner circumference into a slot or groove in the shaft, which slot should be of suffieient length to permit the adjustment of the collar and wheel when required. The two collars P andt' clampsthe hub of the driving-wheel between them, and thereby transmit its motion to the shaft. 9 g are washers of cloth, leather, or other suitable material, placed upon the shaft between the collars P i and the ends of the wheel-hub, for the purpose of increasing the friction between such parts and preventing wear. H are bent springs, interposed between the governor-levers upon opposite sides of the shaft, and exerting their force outward, so as to spread'the levers apart, and hold the collar P and wheel-hub against the outer collar t-or, in other words, to preserve the frictional connection betweenthese two collars and the hub by spreading the governor-levers, so as to straighten the toggle-joint formed by the connecting-rod M and links L. WVhen the speed of the shaft becomes too high, the governorballs are thrown outward by centrifugal force, overcoming the tension of the springs H, and

causing the links L to spread apart, and, by retracting the connecting-mid M, withdraw the collar P. from the wheel-hub. This breaks the frictional connection between the two, and allows the shaft to decrease in speed until a reduction of the centrifugal force causes the governor balls to approach the shaft, and again establish the connection. The force with which the wheel-hub is clamped between the collars is regulated by adjusting the collart' upon the shaft, so as to press the hub with greater or less strength against the collar P when the shaft is at rest. This pressure, of course, is continued for a longer or shorter period, according to the adjustment, when the shaft is in motion. The bent springs counterbalance the centrifugal force of the governorballs until the shaft has attained or nearly attained the speed requisite for feeding the fillet of paper in transmitting and recording a message, and their tension may be adjusted by any suitable means to regulate the centrifugal force required for throwing out the governor-balls and disconnecting the frictioncollars from. the wheel hubor, in other words, to determine the speed at which the shaft shall run to feed the paper; but as the weight of the balls is considerable, and a strong spring is necessary to counterbalance their centrifugal force, and as the spring requires a very delicate adjustment, I prefer to construct the apparatus in such manner that the stout bent springs shall operate to counterbalance the centrifugal force of the balls up to nearly the speed required, and that additional auxiliary springs, capable of line adjustment, shall be employed to furnish the force that is necessary, over and above theforce of the bent springs. These auxiliary springs J J are made in the form of spirals, and are arranged to connect two governorballs across the shaft, being secured to adjustable frictioupins T, which are held in the balls by set-screws K. By means of the setscrews and friction-pins, the tension of the springs J can be finely adjusted to iletermine the force required, in excess of the bent springs, to counterbalance the centrifugal force of the balls that is necessary for disconnecting the friction-collars and wheel-hub. The speed of the shaft, and therefore the movement of the paper, can be correctly gaged to correspond in all the instruments along the telegra ih-line, and thereby insure accuracy in transmitting, recording, and re producing a message-or, in other words, so that the slits in the lillet 0t paper, which constitute the recorded message, shall be of the same length for the respective signs at all the stations.

The distance to which the governor balls are thrown out centrifngally is fixed by arms I1 arranged between the bentsprings, or by any other device suitable for the purpose. N N are racks projecting transversely of the shaft from that part of the governor-levers next the liy-wheel, to engage, respectively,

with the upper and lower side of a pinion, K, which ismounted within the shaft so as to rotate at right angles thereto.

This arrangement of mechanism is employed to equalize the movei'nents of the governor balls, and is best shown in Fig. 6 of the draw ings. An equivalent of this device would be an arm from each lever extending toward each other from opposite sides of the shaft, and articulated to opposite ends of a lever pivoted in the center to the shaft, which construction I propose to use when desired.

Motion may be imparted to the shaft B in a variety of ways, one of which consists in connecting the motor to the grooved pulley 71 by a band; but for convenience and economy I employ electro-magnetism, in the following manner: On the long hub of the driving-wheel is placed an insuiating-cylinder, 0. provided with two grooved metal bands. I) I), and with two grooved intermediate halfbands, 0 0 which are detached from each other at the ends. These various bands are arranged parallel to each other, the outer one, I), next the wheel, and the inner one, b on the inner end of the hub.

w w 20 20 are metallic joints attached to the frame of-the machine, beneath the drivingwheel, to support upright arms g in front and rear of the hub, and a a Ma are beveled roll crs, hung upon the upper ends of the upright arms, so as to lit within the grooved bands in the following order, viz: the roller 0, within the half-band 0 the roller a upon the same side of the hub within the band b, the roller a within the band I), and the roller a within the half-band 0.

a are insulatingeveners, connecting each pair of upright arms 3 upon opposite sides of the hub, and a is a spiral sprii'ig, connecting the two eveners, so as to draw the arms toward the wheel-hub, and press the beveled rollers equally against the grooved bands.

The positive and negative poles of the battery employed are connected, respectively, to the joints to and 20 while the two remaining joints, to 20 receive, in the order named, the ends 0 and 0 of a helix placed within a magnet, D, which is suitably arranged upon the frame, and properly insulated therefrom. This magnet is composed of two covers or plates, 0 O, of soft iron, mounted one upon the other, so as to inclose the helix between them; but the helix is insulated from the covers, and its convolutions are insulated from each other.

10 is a rock-shaft, (shown in Fig. 14,) arranged diametrically ot' the covers, and pro vided with a series of permanent magnets, s, which are alternately attracted and repelled to oscillate the shaft when the charge of elec tricity from the battery is sent through the helix to magnetize the covers. 20 is an upright rod firmly tixed to the rock-shaft of the magnet, and jointed at its upper end to an arm, Z, which, in its turn, is pivoted to wristpin on the side of the driving-whecl.

By this means the driving-wheel is rotated when the rock -sh aft is oscillated by the changes of polarity in the magnet. By giving the permanent magnets 5- along oscillation within the softiron covers, and arranging the wrist-pin of the driving-wheel to correspond therewith, more power is obtained from the same magnet than could be obtained if the oscillations were short. For this purpose the covers are so con-- -allel magnets in one direction to move the driving-wheel, and as the latter rotates it brings the half-band c in contact with the negative roller a, and the half-band u in contact with the positive roller a. The band b having a suitable connection with the haltband a, conducts the currentto "the roller a, and thence to the end 0 of the helix, for the purpose of changing the polarity of the magnet and oscillating the roclrshat't in the opposite direction. By this constantchangein the polarity of. the magnet the rock-shat'tis oscillatcd to rotate thedriving-wheel-continuously, as above stated.

For the purpose of equalizing and regulating the speed of the shaft I employ a governor in connection with the driving-wheel, and to prevent an unnecessary waste of power generated by the battery I employa resistance-coil in connection with the governor. This governor is composed of a ring, 00 held at the face of the driving-wheel by radial arms 100 which together form a rock-shaft, having its bearings at the rim of the wheel, but insulated therefrom. The ring is further provided upon opposite sides, at right angles to the shaft, withtwo governor-balls, 00, arranged in line with each other, one being adapted to carry a platinat'aced coinlucting-roller, 00 The normal position of the governoris such as to hold the two balls at an angle with the face of the driving-wheel, and is effec ed by means of an adjustable spiral spring, a, connecting the end of an adjusting-pin, 'v, at the inner face of the wheel, with an arm, 2L2, projecting fromthe ringinward toward the wheel-hub. The terrsion of this spring pulls the inner end of the arm outward toward the face of the wheel, and, therefore, holds the two balls inclined to its axis of rotation. '21 1) are conductingsprings, insulated from and arranged beside each other upon the wheel outside the governor. One end of each is secured to, butinsulated from, the wheel, while the opposite end is free and lies in the path of the governorroller 41?. When the driving-wheel is at its lowest speed the governor-balls occupy their greatest inclination to its face, and hold the roller .00 outside and out of contact with the condnoting-springs. As the speed increases the governor is thrown in by centrifugal force axis of rotation, and, therefore, carries the roller in contact, first, with the outer spring a, and then with the inner spring a. The tendency of the spring '0 is to counterbalance the centrifugal force of the governor, and return it to its normal position, as above stated. The outer springo has electric connection with the half-band c on the wheel -hub, and the governor ring has asimilar connection with the whole band 0. When, therefore, the current of electricity is sent through the positive roller (1, into the half-band 0 it passes from the latter to the outer spring a, and if the drivingwheel is moving at low speed, so as to carry the roller w in contact with such spring, the current passes along the spring to the roller, thence down the roller-ar1u to the ring, and into the band I). From the band I) it passes to the helix for oscillating the permanent magnet, the rotationof the driving-wheel changing the direction of the current from the positive roller to the half-band c and band b the two being directly connected, and, therefore, changing the polarity of themagnct, and continuing the rotation of the wheel, as hereiubefore described. i

Now,'it' the governor-rollershould constantly maintain its contact with the outer conducting-spring '0, the speed of the driving-wheel would increase until it attained too high a velocity for practical purposes. This is apparent from the fact that after the first changein the polarity of the magnet; the wheel acquires a certain momentum, which effects the next clta-r'rge a little sooner, and so on, until the wheel would be accelerated to such an extent as to make the current of electricity through the magnet almost continuous. This, ofconrse, would consume the whole power of the battery, and therefore exhaust it much sooner than it' only that power, or approximately that power, is employed to drive the wheel at the requisite speed.

To, prevent this exhaustion and waste of power, the inner spring a is employed, in connection with a resistance-coil, a, which, for convenience. is wound upon the periphery of the driving wheel, although it may be located at any point upon the frame of the instrument by suitable means. One end of the-resistancecoil is connected to the inner spring a, and the opposite end to the outer spring a. When the speed of the wheel becomes so great that its centrifugal force carries the governor-roller inward, in contact with the-inner spring a, and so breaks the circuit through the outer spring a, the positive current passing from the half-band c to the outer spring a, as above described, goes through the resistancecoil to the inner spring a, thence to the governorroller, and so on to the magnet, following the course already described.

1 Since the short circuit formed by the govto a position nearer at right angles to the ernor-roller and outer spring is broken by the centrifugal force of the governor, the only course for the current to follow is through the resistance-coil. This diminishesthe current somewhat, and therefore slackens the speed of the wheel to a slight extent, and allows the governor-roller to move. outward toward the outer spring c, and again break the circuit through the resistance coil. The governorroller, therefore, acts as a circuitbreaker, breaking the circuit with one spring and closing it with the other alternately. It maintains a constantvibration from one to the other, apiuly throwing the resistancecoil into and out of the circuit, and consequently sustaining the wheel at a uniform velocity without exceedingthe minimum quantity of battery-force required to perform the work.

When the instrument is at rest, the spring a holds the governor-roller outward from the shaft B, and breaks the Connection with both springs v and a. To start itin motion,l have provided a holder, 0 pivoted to the inner face of the tly-wheel, being insulated therefrom. turning down this holder it presses against the inner governor-ball, and forces the governor-roller inward in contact with the outer spring 1;, to close the circuit from the battery to the magnet. After the wheel has acquired momentum, the holder 0 is auto matically thrown back against the wheel by coming in contact with a trip or stop, 20, pivoted to a short upright, 10', of the frame beneath the driving wheel. The stop is weighted, as shown at a so as to keep it out of contact with the holder until it is swung into the path of the latter by the operator.

WV hen the power of the battery is too slight to impart the requisite motion to the drivingwheel, the governor-roller is thrown inward by the counterbalancing-spring o, to break the circuit and stop the instrument, thus preventing it from transmitting or recording at too low a speed.

An induction -coil and local battery are placed at each station, and the main line is operated by passing a current from the battery alternately through two helices contained within the coil, but wound in opposite directions, as I will more particularly point out at its proper place herein. In transmitting a message, therefore, from one station to another,-the main line is worked by an induced current alternately reversed. The mechanism for effecting this reversion is constructed as follows, being operated by the fillet of paper containing the record to be transmitted as it is drawn through the instrument by the feedcylinder E when the driving-shaft revolves.

t) is a guide-bed, having a sleeve, 0', se cured to its under side, so as to fit over an upright shaft, 0, upon the main frame, and hold the bed in a horizontal position in line with the teed-cylinder E in rear thereof.

The upright shaft is insulated from the main frame, and a front projection, 12, of the sleeve is connected by a flat spring, a, with an adjustable holder, at, attached to one of the front uprights of the frame. This forms a yielding connection, and permitsa slight lateal swing to the bed, for the purpose of compensating for any irregularities in the movements of the paper containing the record to be transmitted, and to insure the proper guidance thereof to the teed-cylinder. The extent of this lateral swing is regulated by adjusting the holder 92 upon its upright. in m, Fig. 29, ace two parallel grooves formed longitudinally in the upper surface of the guide bed to receive the embossed tracks made in the record by the recordirig-instrument, They are necessarily the same distance apart as the grooves in the feed-cylinder, and are also in line therewith, as shown. 2" is the inner side of the guidebed, raised somewhat, and made adjustable by any convenient means to regulate its position for guiding the edge of the paper, so that the embossed tracks shall be directed and held within the grooves of the bed. This adjustable side is also formed with recesses along its inner edge, as shown in Fi 29, for the purpose of preventing the edge of the paper from curling up or wrinkling as it is drawn over the bed. i is a pressure-bar arranged upon, the opposite edge of the guide-bed, being secured to crossbars 6 2', which slide within deep transverse grooves cut in the bed. The cross-bars are formed with shoulders to bear against the edge of the moving paper and hold it up to the gage-side 1', while springsf,attached to the outer edge of the bed and bearing agaii'ist the pressure-bar, cause the shoulders to act with a yielding pressure, and therefore coir form to the varying width of the paper. The pressure of the bar is regulated by set-screws f passing through the outer tixed'edge of the bed, so as to bear against the springs, and the movement of the bar toward the gageside, after the paper has passed out, is limited by a pin, f driven into the bed near the outer groove, as shown. at is a cover hinged at the inner edge of the guide-bed to hold down the fillet of paper, the amount of pressure with which it bears upon the latter being regulated by a set-screw, f", passing upward through the bed, so that the cover shall rest upon its point. The cot'er may be held down by a spring, if desired 5 but I prefer to employ a weight, It, pivoted to one of the hinges, so that it may be swung round to regulate the weight of the cover on the adjusting-screwf The ends of the cross-bars '1' 2' project through the adjustable gage-side i of the bed,just beneath the upper leaves of the coverhinges, and, when the cover is thrown open, these upper leaves bear against. the projecting ends of the bars and force back the guideshoulders, thus preparing the bed to receive the paper fillet containing the record for transmission.

Two parallcl V-shaped ribs or rails extend along the under side of the cover in such a position as to fit into the grooves of the bed, for

the purpose of properly-guiding the fillet of paper and preserving the form of the embossed tracks therein as it is drawn along over the bed.

70' is a short horizontal shaft, so secured to the edge of t he cover as to extend across the middle thereof, and c e are hubs mounted loosely thereon. e c are light metallic track-fingers secured to the hubs parallel to each other and extending forward of the same, so that their points shall project down through openings in the cover and its ribs, and rest in the embossed tracks of the paper fillet on the bed beneath.

Each hub is also provided with a short arm, extending along the track-fingers, and the arms carry set-screws k at the end, the points of which bear against the sides of such fingers.

j is a block secured to the cover in front of the fingers, and formed with narrow slots, through which the ends of the fingers pass. These slots guide the fingers in the embossed tracks of the paper, while the set-screws 7c serve to accurately adjust the position of the fingers within the tracks, and prevent friction against the sides of the slots.

Springs k, secured at one end to the hubs ot' the fingers, and at the other end to a suitable part of the cover, hold the fingers down within the tracks with a yielding pressure.

j is the handle, pivoted to the top of the cover in rear of the trackfingers, and pro vided with a weighted extension, j, which holds it in an upright position by resting upon the cover in rear of the pivot.

The front of the handle near the pivot is formed with a right-angular projection, as

shown in Fig. 26, one arm, 9', of which extends over the short rear ends of the trackfingers, and, when the handle is swung forward, bears down upon them to raise the points from the tracks oflthe paper. The other arm,j, extends downward, and limits the forward movement of the handle by coming in contact with the cover.

if desired, the trackfingers may be connected with the cover in many difierentways without departing from the principle of my invention in this regard, which consists in .adapting such track-lingers to press upon the embossed tracks of the paper with a yielding action, and to be raised for the insertion of the record in the guide-bed.

b is a fixed pin upon the under side of the guide-bed in front of the sleeve, and g is a permanentmagnetic bar, secured centrally to the lower end of the pin,so as to lie in a horizontal position. b is a short horizontal shaft secured to the under side of the guide-bed to receive the hub b ofa pendent arm, 0, and form a bearing, upon which said arm swings from side to side under the guidebed. The

lower end of the arm terminates in a soft-iron ring, g, th rough which the magnet g proects to limit the lateral swing of the arm.

b is a steel or other rock-bar, extending across the top of the hub, with its ends immediately beneath the points of the trackfingers.

record is moved over the guide-bed, the points of the track-fingers alternately pass down through the slits which form the record, and lie along the embossed tracks, and bear upon the ends of the rock-bar, to oscillate the swinging arm 0.

c c are platina hammers, secured to opposite sides of the swinging arm 0, to alternately strike the faces of two platina anvils, 9 9, when the arm is vibrated. The air vils are supported by arms pivoted to opposite sides of the fixed pin b, being insulated therefrom and from each other. They are also made adjustable by any suitable arrangement of devices. In this instance their inner faces are inclined downward and outward, so that the adjustment may be effected by swinging the arms on their pivots to raise and lower the anvils. Each anvil is connected to the local battery by a separate wire, t", which passes first through one helix of the reproducing-magnet, then through one helix of the calling-in magnet, and lastly through a helix contained in the induction-coil.

y is a bent support, secured to the under side of the guide-bed in front of the vibrating arm 0, and bearing upon the upper side of point, 3 is placed opposite the first upon the under side of the guide-bed, and the two points is a bent lever, hung to the lower front edge of the guide-bed, in such a manner that the. platina hammers on the upper and lower sides of its rear end shall alternately strike the points y y. This end of the lever is weighted, so that its lower hammer shall bear upon the lower platina point when at rest. The opposite endextends upward a little above the level of the guide-bed, where it terminates in a scroll or curvature, y, over which the record-fillet passes when drawn along by the feed mechanism. The Weighted lever is insulated from the guide-bed, and connected by a wire, it, with that pole of the local battery opposite the pole with which the wires t? of the anvils 9 g are connected; or, in other words, the wire fromthe weighted lever. is connected with the positive pole of the battery, and the wires from the anvils g g are connected with the negative pole.

V is a lever, pivoted at K t one of the uprights of the frame above the feed-cylinder E, and carrying at its lower end a horizontal pressure-roller, V, covered with leather or other suitable material. A spring, K attached at one end to'the frame or to the pivot K and bearing with its opposite end upon the lever, holds the pressure-roller against the feed-cylinder with a yielding pressure, so that the teeth or points of the latter shall seize and feed the paper along without danger of its slipping. The spring K is made adjustableby When the fillet of paper containing the its arm a platina point, 1 Another like.

are properly insulated from each other. y

any suitable means to regulate the pressure of the roller against the cylinder. The upper arm of the roller-lever terminates in a fingerpiece, adapted to engage with a latch, rrr, pivoted to the upright of the frame, for the purpose of holding the pressureroller out of contact with the teed-cylinder when desired.

When a message is to be transmitted the fillet ofpaper in which it has been cut by the recording-instrumentis placed upon the guidebed under the cover, and passed to the feedcylinder over the curved upper end of the weighted lever 9 The pressure-roller is then let down to hold the paper up against the feed-cylinder, which is in motion, as already explained. As the fillet of paper is drawn along, its tension bears down the curved end of the weighted lever y, and throws up its inner end, so that the upper platina hammer thereon shall be held in contact with the upper platina point g on the guide-bed. The points of the track-fingers, riding along in the embossed tracks of the paper, drop through the slits therein, to alternately press down the ends of the rock-bar b, and move the pivoted arm 0 to the right and left.

The permanent magnet g at the end of the pin b attracts the soft-iron ring forming the lower end of the arm 0, and holds it against recoil or rebound until the arm is again moved by the alternate pressure of the traclrfingers. These vibrations of the arm 0 carry its hammers c 0 alternately in contact with the anvils g'g, and thus establish a circuit from the positix'e pole of the local battery, through the weighted lever y, to one or the other of the wires attached to the anvils, and from these wires through the helices of the recordingand calling-in magnets above named; thence through the helices of the inductioncoil in the main line, and back to the negative pole of the battery. The vibrations of the arm 0 therefore make and break the circuit through the wires of the anvils g g, and thus alternately reverse the direction of the current induced in the main line; or, in other words, the currents are alternately sent through the helices of theinduction-eoil in opposite directions to induce alternately reversed currents in the main line. The length of time during which the currents are induced through the main line depends upon the length of the slits in the record, which, of course, re-

tain the track-fingers in contact with the ends of the rock-bar a proportionate length of time. As the signs which constitute. the messagesymbols are formed by slits ofdifferent lengths in the fillet of paper, it follows that the time between the duration of the electric currents induced in the main line will exactly correspond to the distance between the beginning of one slit and the beginning of the next adjoining slit in -the"opposite row of the record from which they are produced, as above set forth. If, therefore, these induced currents are made to produce other slits in a fillet of paper, such slits will be facsimiles of those in the first fillet or transmitted record. This reproduction of a transmitted record at any of the stations along the telegraph-line forms a succeeding step in my invention, which I will presently describe.

1 is a curved guide, secured to one of the uprights of the frame beneath the feed-cylinder E, for the purpose of directing the fillet of paper away from the guide-bed and out of the instrument after the record has been transmitted. After the fillet of paper has passed out of the instrument or ceases to move, the pressure upon the curved end of the weighted lever y is reliet'ed, and its weighted end drops down so that the platina hammer on its under side shall rest upon the platina point y. This breaks the connection with the upper point y, and sends the current from the local battery to the receiving-magnet D through a wire, it, connecting the oscillating shaft (1 of such magnet with the lower platina pointy.

Each station on the line is provided with a magnet, by which the message transmitted from another station is received and communicated to the reproducing magnet or instrument. The reeeiving-magnet is indicated by D in the drawings, and is composed of two annular covers, 0 O, of soft iron, mounted one upon the other, so as to inclose two helices, c and a", between them, as shown in Fig. 15, one helix being placed within or surrounded by the other. They are wound in the same direction and insulated from the covers and from each other, while the convolutions of each are also properly separated by insulation.

0 and o are, respectively, the outer and inner ends of the outer helix, and 0 and o are, respectively, the outer and inner ends of the inner helix. The inner helical wire is made considerably shorter than the outer. and therefore possesses only about one-fourth the conducting resistance of the latter, so that when a current is sent through both helices simultaneously it will contain more magnetic power in proportion to the conducting resistance of the helices than it would if the length of the two helical wires were equal. The outer end 0 of the outer helix and the inner end 0 of the inner helix are connected directly with the main telegraph-wire 1 as shown in Fig. 31, while the inner end 0 of the outer helix and the outer end 0 of the inner helix are adapted to be automatically connected when a message is received and reprodi'iced, but separated when the station to which they belong is not receiving a message, as I will hereinafter describe. d is a rock-shaft, arranged across between the covers, and supported at the ends by knife-edges secured to the lower cover. It is provided with a series of permanent magnetic needles, d, placed parallel to each other, which are alternately attracted and repelled to oscillate the shaft when the induced currentin the main line is sent through the helices c an) magnetize the covers. d

pulsations of the is an upright arm, mounted upon the magnetic needles, and carrying a cross-bar at its top. The ends of the cross-bar are provided with platina hammers d, which, when the arm is vibrated by the magnetic needles, alternately strike against platina anvils d upon the faces of the collars or rings (1 These rings are fixed eceentrically to the tops of stems d which, in their turn, are supported in upright tubular bearings or shafts d, mounted upon the upper plate 0 ot' the magnet. The eccentrics are insulated from the soft-iron covers, and from the tubular bearings, by means of insulating-tubes d d placed around the stems within the bearings, as shown in Fig. 15, so as to hold the lower ends of the stems above and out of contact with the magnetcover 0. The insulating-tubes are each formed with a flange at its upper end, which holds the eccentrics out of contact with the top of the tubular bearings, and therefore insulates one from the other. Any other method of insulation may be adopted, of course, the object being to insulate the eccentrics from the magnet-covers and tubular bearings. By means of the eccentrics the position of the anvils can be adjusted to regulate the throw of the hammers upon the vibrating arm when desired, the eccentrics being held in place by the frictional contact of their stems with the insulating-tubes. The stems of .the eccentrics are connected by wires (1 and d with the anvils 9 9 of the transmitting-instrument, or with the wires of such anvils, as shown in Fig. 31. The wires d and (1 pass through the sides of the tubular bearings (1., and are properly insulated therefrom.

When a message is to be received at the designated station, the weighted lever 31 ot' the trausmitting-instrument rests down upon the platina point y, which, as hereinhet'ore stated, is connected by a wire with the shalt d of the receiving-magnet, and the inner and outer lielices of the latter are automatically joined, so as to term one long helixinterposed in the main line. The induced currents or main line, which constitute the measure of the message-symbols transmitted, and the index of those reproduced, are alternately sent through the long helix in oppositedirections, to oscillate the shaft d of the receiving-magnet, by changing the polarity in its sot't-iron covers for each symbol.

The oscillations of the shaft vibrate the upright arm (1 and carry its platina hammers d alternately in contact with the platina anvils on the eccentrics d \Vhen this contact is eit'ected, the electric current from the positive pole of the local. battery passes, through or along the wire 1. Fig. 251, and in termediate devices, tothe'shat't d and its arm d; thence through the eccentrics and stems to the wires 1 and (1, and from thence along the wires of the anvils g! g through the reproducing and calling -in magnets, and finally through the primary helices of the induetion-coilto the negative pole of the batterv.

It will thus be seen that the polarity ofithe receiving-magnet is changed by the reversal of the currents in the main line, while the calling in and reproducing magnets are worked by the direct or primary current from the local battery. The action of the primary current upon the reproducing-magnet and its devices is continued as long as the contact is maintained between the hammers and their respective anvils in and this contact continues in each case until the shaft d is oscillated by the reversal of the currents in the main line, which, as above described, is effected. by the track-fingers of the trai'ismitting-instrument working in the slits ot' the record being transmitted, to vibrate the circuit-changing arm 0. The duration of the contact between thehammers and anvils of the receiving-magnet, being thus governed bythe lengths of slits in the record transmitted, causes the reproducing devices to remain in action acorresponding length of time, as I will presently show in describing their construction and operation. Therefore the record from which the message is sent at the transmittingstation will be reproduced in t'ac-simile at the receiving-station.

The primary. helices ot' the induction-coil are all so wound with respect to such coil that the currents which they induce therein (by the passage through them of theprimary current from the local battery) shall be in prolongation of the respective pulsations or currents which send the message. For example, in transmitting a message one current forming a symbol will move along the main wire-say, eastward-and the current from the local battery at the receiving-station will pass through the various instruments at that station, and through its proper helix intheinduct-ioucoi-l back to the battery; but its db rccti. it through the helix will besuch as to induce an eastward current in-the main linein prolongation of the symbol -current and when the symbol-current is reversed, thc'current in the induction-coil will be also reversed. The winding of the induction-coils and their helices must be, respectively, the same at all the stations of the main line, so that each induced current in such line shalt be in the same direction t'rout'each induction-coil, to augment and re-ent'orce the message-currents by the local battery at each station of the line between the transmitting and receiving stations. 7

' 1) represents the induction-coil interposed in the main wire 15 1,", and D D the helices wound therein, one within the other, around a central core, D, of soft iron. They are each joined to the local battery, the calling-in and reproducing magnets, as hereinbet'ore described, and are of such length and size asto produce by one battery an equal amount of magnetism in the core.

the receiving magnet,-

ing resistance of the induction-coil as much as would be the case if the coil were increased in diameter instead of in length.

The special advantage arising from the use of a double or compound helix, in connection with the induction-coil and one battery, is, that it insures uniformity in the force of the currents induced in the main line, and there-- fore secures the automatic formation of the n'iessage-symbols of the requisite relative sizes throughout the whole line; or, in other words, the currents from one battery will be the same in force, whether passed through one or the other helix, and will consequently prevent like message-symbols from dilt'ering in length when formed by the passage ol" the current through either helix.

Two batteries-one for each hclixcould not be practicality employed, because of the constant liability of the current from one to differ in force from the current from the other, thereby preventing their uniform action, and destroying the possibility of automatically making the message symbols of the requisite sizes.

It an adjustable resistancecoil were used in connection with an ordinary galvanometer in each circuit, and the resistance adjusted to make the currents equal, the two batteries might work very well attirst, and t'ora limited time; but as the batteries would diminish in force irregularly, the same dil'ticulties arising from want of unitbrmity in the force ot'the two currents would occur, unless the resistance were constantly adjusted by suitable means. It' but one primary helix should be used in the induction-coil, and the primary current should be broken and closed by one of the platina anvils and hammers, the ad vantage of using the power of the local battery to 'demagnetize the iron core in the induction-coil would be lost in the transmission of each message-symbol; or, it' a reverser should be substituted, so as to be operated by the recciring-magnet to reverse the primary current of a single primary helix in the iiiduction-coil at each transmission of a messagesymbol, there. would be an occasional imperlect reversion of the symbol currents in the consequence ot'the lack of power in the receiving-magnet to work the reverser.

in transmitting a message, the station to which it is sent for reproduction is first called in that is to say, put in communication with the transmitting-station through the main wire.

To accomplish this, each station on the telegraph line is provided with two distinct signals, not employed at any other station-4o wit, one for throwingthe reproducingdevices into operation, and the other for throwing them out of operation. in the repetition of a message-symbol agreater number of times than it is formed consecutively in any one word. For example, the repetition of the letter A four times may be the signal for calling in one station, and the repetition of the letter B four times the signal for calling in another station, and so on. These signals are cut in the record the same as the other message-symbols, but are only ett'ective to control the re 'iroducing devices at the station for which they are designed, or for which they form the index.

When a record or tillet of paper is cut for transmittal to a particular station, the callingin signal for that station is out just in front, of or before the message, and the signal for throwing out the station, or rather its reproducing devices, is cut in the paper immediately after the i'nessage, so that when the record is laid in the guidebed at the transmitting-station, and the feeding devices set in motion, it will autoimitically call in the proper receiving-station, transmit the message thereto, and then throw its reproducing devices out of operation.

The mechanism for calling in a stationand for the reproduction of a message thereat is constructed as follows: 1)" is the magnet ot' the reproducing devices, and l) the callingin magnet. The latter is arranged under the frame of the instrument, in line with the registering-wheel, aml the former has a special arrangement, as I will presently show. These. magnets are each composed of two sol't-iron annular covers, 0 O, inclosing two helices wound one within theother, and ot' oscillating cross-shafts carrying permanent magnet-needles, the construction in these several respects being the same as the receiring-magnet l).

'lhcouter endsot' the two helices in the mag net I) are, respectively, joined to the wires of the anvils 9 9 in the transmitting mechanism, while the inner end of the outer helix and the inner end of the inner helix arejoined, respectively, to the DI t 1' ends of the two hi1 ices in the magnet D. Theinner ends of these latter helices are connected, respectively, with the two primary helices in the inductiou-coil,-as shown in Fig. 31.

The winding of the correspondinghelices in the magnets l) D, as well as in the receiving-magnet I), must be in the same direction at all the stations, in order to maintain the same direction for each current throughout the line. (1 (Z are upright arms mounted upon the parallel needles of the calling-in magnet D, upon opposite sides of the cross-shaft,

These signals consist so as to extend upward through an opening in the bottom of the frame, as shown in Fig. 2.

The upper ends of the arms are united at the top by a cross-bar, m the ends of which carry metallic plates m having faces inclined toward each other from opposite sides of a registering pinwvheel, l as shown in Figs. 8 and 10.

When the primary current from the local battery is alternately sent through the helices of the calling-in magnet, it oscillates the shaftthereof by the magnetism of the soft-ironcovers, and therefore vibrates the plates m to alternately strike the ends of the pins and drive them through the wheel. keyed to a countei shaft, E, having its bearings in the twofront uprights of the frame beneath the driving shaft B and parallel there with. The counter-shaft E is provided. with friction-wheels n, which support the drivingshaft B, and therefore communicate its motion to such counter-shaft. Any other convenient means may be employed for driving the countershat't from the shaft B; but I prefer the friction-wheels as being the most simpleand affording the minimum amount of friction.

The wheel E is constructed with a grooved periphery, and through the parallel flanges thereby formed at the edges are passed a series of transverse pins, we, so as to move freely from side to side. The pins lie parallel to each other, and form a row entirely around the wheel, with their ends projecting a little beyond the faces of the latter. of is a hand, passing around the wheel between the flanges, and bearing upon the pins to keep them in place, save at the bottom of the wheel, where the pins receive upon their ends the action of the inclined plates in". At this point the band extends below the wheel around a pulley, m and the pins are thus relieved from its pressure. The pulley is mounted npon a spring, (1 secured to the frame of the instrument under the wheel, and adapted for adjustment by any suitable means to regulate the tension of the holding-band. The pulley and spring are an ranged slightly in rear of the wheel, as shown in Figs. 1. and S. Y

m and m are two sleeves, mounted loosely upon the shaft lfl. one on each side of the wheel, and provided with radial arms on, projecting to the front and rear of the shaft upon opposite sides of the wheel. Two frames, n and or', are mounted one upon each of these arms, so as to move freely toward and from the sleeves. They are constructed substantially alike. and for this reason it is only necessary to give a detailed description of one in order to a full understanding of both.

The frame M, which is the one I have selected for description, is composed of the following parts, to wit: Nearest the sleeve is a segmental brace or guide, a, fitted upon the radial arm in", and carrying at its ends two radial diverging arms, of, which. extend to the periphery of the wheel, and are theresecured This wheel is firmly to one edge of a slotted segmental strip or plate, a. This plate lies in a plane at right angles to the diverging arms, and extends lat-' erally over the wheel, so that the latter shall project slightly through its slot, as shown, the lower end of the framebeing curvedor bent outward to prevent it from coming in contact with the band when moved forward with the wheel.

The inner proximate edges of the slot are formed with several projections, n which are held down upon the ends ofthe pins upon each side of the wheel by the tension of a flat spring, at, connecting the two diverging arms of the frame, and secured centrally to the radial arm m of the sleeve. The frames are thus supported upon and by the pins with a yielding pressure, so that the wheel shall revolve and carry the pins out from under the projections without moving the frames. The frames thus remain stationary, while the wheel revolves until such times as the projections are locked to the pinsfor the purpose of moving the frames.

The proj ections n are not arranged directly opposite'each other across the slots; but the spaces in one. edge are opposite to and receive the projections in the other edge.

The frame a is employed for calling a station into the main line to receive and reproduce a message, and the frame a is employed to throw the station out of communication with the transmittingstation when the message has been sent. The frame n therefore,

- is the medium to be influenced by the callingin symbols cut in the record immediately precedingthe message to be transmitted, and the frame a is the medium to be influenced by the throwing-out symbols cut in the record immediately after the message.

\Vhen it is desired to call in a station for the reception and reproduction of a message, the signals for such station are first transmitted and actuate the receiving-magnet at the receivingstation, so as to send the primary current from the local battery through the callingin and reproducing*magnets. The vibratory changes of thetrack-fingers at the tran smittiu g-st-ation change the polarity of the several magnets at the receiving-station, as

already explained, to oscillate their respective cross'shafts, This oscillation of the crossshaft in the calling-in magnet vibrates the upi right arms (1, and causes the inclined plates m thereon to alternately strike the ends of,

the pins in therevolving wheel E and move them through the flanges in opposite directions. The pins are, therefore, set by the calling-in signals, a'nd when the wheel has revolvcd far enough to bring the set pins round to the frame a they will not be under the'pro jections a" but within the spaces'bctween them. The projections being thus-removed from under the pins, the tension ofthe spring a pulls the frame 02 toward the sleeve m within the path of the set pins, so that thelat ter shall bear againstthe notched lower edges of the projections n when the wheel revolves in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 8, and carry the frame a with them about two-fifths of a revolution of the wheel. It is then again moved out from the sleeve and remains stationary outside the pins of the moving wheel until it is carried back by suitable means to the point from whence it started. This backward movement takes place only after the message has been received and reproduced, and the frame a is being moved by the'throwing-out signals. In the frame a" the upper edges of the projections n" are notched instead of the lower edges, as in the frame a and the arrangement of the notches is necessarily different in the two frames in order to indicate different signals.

The configuration of the projections in each frame of a station must correspond to the calling-in and tlJIOWlIlg-Olll) signals which represent that station. For example, if the repetition of the symbol for letter A four times is the signal for a station, then the outlines described by the projections of its frames must be the same as the outlines described by the pins on under the impulscsof the reciprocating setting-plates m, induced, continued, and governed by such repetitions of the symbol. When, therefore, the wheel at the receivingstation revolves so that the outlines of the pins coincide with those formed by the projections on one or the other of the frames, the latter will be drawn toward the sleeve to engage with the pins, as above described.

The throwing-out signal may be the same as the calling-in signal of the same station; but if the latter is the repetition of a letter several times, say A four times, then it would perhaps be preferable to increase the number of repetitions for the former, say A five times; but I prefer to employ a different letter ,for the throwingout signal.

Each station must have its separate signal, and its frames must be made to correspond therewith, so that the signal from one station shall never operate or otherwise affect the frame at another station, and each station is provided with the signals 1'01- all the others.

Since, however, in transmitting a message from one station, all the magnets at all the other stations of the line are affected by the change in the direction of the transmittingcurrent, it follows that the pins m at every station, including that which transmits the message, will be displaced by the reciprocations of the plates m but that only the frame a at the called'station will be affected to set the reproducing mechanism in motion.

To restore the alignment of the pins, with their ends in the same plane upon opposite sides of the wheel, two beveled uprights, (1 are secured to a plate, E, on the bed of the instrument, and rise upon each side of the wheel, adjoining the path of the pins. The plate E is fastened to the bed of the frame,

ing the action of the plates.

in front of the tension-roller m, and holds the uprights in rear of the reciprocating settingplates at on the arms of the calling-in magnet,

so that the rotation of the wheel shall carry the pins between the uprights before receiv- The uprights are beveled from the rear inward toward the wheel, thewidest space between them being a little greater than the whole space occupied by the pins when driven to the right and left, and the narrowest spacejust sufficient to allow the passage of the pins between them when their ends are in line each side the wheel. Vvhen, therefore, the pins have been moved by the setting-plates, the wheel carries them round to the beveled uprights q", by which they are again ranged in line with each other preparatory to the next action of the plates. Thus the pins are aligned at each revolution of the wheel at every station. There is a liability that the action of the setting-plates will drive the pins too far through the wheel to properly register with the frames; and to preventthis two other beveled uprights, Q3, are employed, rising from the bed of the instrument, or from the plate E, upon opposite sides of the wheel, in front of the setting-plates, as shown in Figs. 8 and 10. They are placed farther apart than the uprights but are beveled in the same.

direction, their inner edges being separated just far enough to permit the passage of the pins when set to the proper point. If, however, the pins are driven too far by the settingplates, they will strike the beveled faces of the uprights, and be moved back thereby, through the wheel, into the proper position for registering with the frames.

In case the uprights and g are mounted upon the plate E, the latter should be slotted for the passage and movement of the vibrating arms d, which carry the setting-plates.

The calling-in frame a is so arranged that its lower diverging arm a shall stand at a point, 41 at the front of the wheel. It therefore starts fl om this point when drawn toward the sleeve m to engage with the pins or, and moves forward with the sleeve aml wheel until its upper diverging arm n reaches a point, 19 at the top of the wheel, when it is disconnected from, and thrown outside of, the pins by the following mechanism, there to remain until the message has been received and reproduced.

p is a rod, secured at one end to the segmental brace n of the frame, from which it extends to a collar, 0 formed upon the outer end of the sleeve or. its outer end tits within a radial slot of the collar, so as to work freely toward and from the sleeve with the movements of the frame. W'hen the frame Wis moving forward with the wheel, and just before its upper diverging arm reaches the limit 11 of its throw, the point of an uptight cam or arm, 19 secured to the bed of the instrument, so as to curve from the rear over the top of the sleeve of, passes between the latter and that their upper ends shall lie one in the rod 1), as shown in Fl 13 of the drawings. The rod then rides along the outer edge of the cam, and is moved by its increasing width outward from the sleeve until the frame a reaches the pointp when it is entirely disconnected from, and thrown outside of, the engaging-pins, and ceases to move with the wheel. The cam holds the projections of the frame out of contact with the pins, to prevent the wear of these parts by friction, and to guard against their casual movement by catching into each other.

The throwing'out frame a is also connected by a rod, 1), to a collar, 0 at the end of the sleeve m and, being arranged in rear of the shaft E, starts from a point, a, at the upper side of the wheel, when drawn toward the sleeve to engage the set pins. It stands with its upper diverging arm a at the point a", and its forward movement, with the wheel, terminates when the lower diverging; arm n reaches a point, 19 at the back of the wheel..

At 19 the frame a is thrown outside of, and held out of contact with, the engaging-pins, and ceases to move with the wheel, by means of an upright pointed cam, p mounted upon the bed of the instrument, as shown in Fig. 12, the operation being the eration of the frame 01 p aml p are angu lar levers, pivoted at their angles to the sides of the upright cams p and 1), respectively. They are arranged in opposite directions, so front of the i let-H11 and the other in rear of the sleeve m. Their lower ends are weighted and provided with adjusting-screws a, which are adapted to rest upon bearing-surfaces a, formed upon extensions of the upright pointed cams, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13.

When the throwing-out frame stands at its highest point upon the wheel, out of contact with the pins, the front side of the bar 19 rests upon the upper end of the lever p, to lock the frame against forward movement until it is drawn toward the sleeve. When this takes place the bar also moves inward and clears the end of the lever, thereby releasing the frame, so that it can move forward with the wheel to the point f, as above described.

The upper end of the lever 19, in order to lock the calling-in frame a passes up in front of the bar 19 and is notched o1- recessed to fit over such bar, when the frame is at its lowest point upon the wheel, out of contact with the pins. The catch-lever thus locks the frame against any forward movement untilthe throwingout signal for the station is received, when the bar 19 moves inward to clear the end of the lever and release the frame, so that it may move forward with the wheel, the same as the frame a The upper ends of the two locking-levers are prevented from moving with or following the bars inward by means of the adjustingscrews a", which screws also serve to regulate the distance between the levers and sleeves same as the op-.

for the passage of the frame-bars p The frames are arranged to move forward with the wheel at different times, and to move back against-its revolution one after the other-that is to say, when the calling-in frame is moving forward with the wheel the throwing-out frame is riding back clear of the pins,

and when the throwing-out frame is moving forward the calling-in frame is moving back to its normal position.

The mechanism for moving the frames back consists of two arms, 0 0 secured, respectively, to the outer ends of the sleeves m and at, so as to extend downward through slots in the bed of the instrument, where they are pivoted by rods 0 to the extremities of a long lever or working-beam, 0 hung at its center to the rear under side of the bed. When, therefore, the movement of either frame operates its supportingsleeve, the workingbeam, through its connecting parts, will move the sleeve of the other frame in the opposite direction.

For the purpose of securing accuracy and certainty in the operation of the frame, the movements of the working-beam are sharpened and quickened by the action of a jointed springlever, in the fol owing manner: 1" is the lever, secured at its rear end r to the instrument, and extending forward to connect with one arm of the working-beam by a short pivoted rod, Q8. A spring, q", secured to the bed of the instrument, forces the lever toward the connecting-rod, and when the oscillations of the working-beam carry its arm in front and rear of the joint formed by the lever and rod, the spring acts to throw it quickly against the front or rear stop-pins r r,,which limit the sweep of the-beam, as shown inFig. 3.

The reproducing devices are constructed aml operate as follows: l is a guide-bed, secured to atubular bearing, 0, which tits upon an upright shaft, O, at the rear of the instrument, so as to hold the guide-bedin line with the teed-cylinder D. The upright shaftis insulated from the main frame, and the guide-bed, in its general features, is constructed the same as the guide-bed of the transmitting devices--to wit, with an adjustable gageside, I, an adjustable spring pressure-bar, z, and a weighted cover or pressure-piece, 1', having a handle, 2, and adapted to operate the sliding cross-bars z when swung open, and to bear upon the point of an adjustingscrew, z, in the bed when closed.

c is a shelf or arm, attached by a sleeve, 0 to the tubular bearing of the guide-bed, and extending forward umler the latter to support the reproducinganagnet D, as shown in Fig. 18. A short arm, projecting from the tubular bearing carries a set-screw, 0",

which enters a corresponding arm, 0", of the sleeve, to support the shelf and regulate the position of the magnet'knives with respect to the guide-bed. c is a flat spring, connecting the shelf with an adjustable holder upon one of the uprights of the frame, to permit a slight lateral swing of the guide-bed and magnet, for the purpose of compensating for any irregularities'in the movements of the paper fillet over the guide-bed.

(t are blocks mounted upon the permanent magnetic needles of the magnet 1) upon opposite sides of the rock-slmft, to limit the oscillations of the latter by contact with the covers 0 O, and support the pivoted upright. arms a.

b are guide-blocks secured to the frontend I 'ofthe bed, in continuation thereof, and grooved vertically to receive the upper ends of the arms a, which are curved or bent so as to stand parallel toeach other within the grooves. The upper ends of the arms are also slotted for the passageof pins which extend through the blocks to guide the movements of the arms.

b b are pointed reversible slittiug-lulives, adjustably attached to the arms a by means of the slotted blocks and set-screws Z2 so that their points shall project through the grooves in the guide-blocks above the upper surface of the bed, when the arms are reciprocated by the oscillations of the needles in the magnet D. The cutting-edges of the knives stand at the rear next the guide-bed, so as to slit the fillet of paper as it is drawn along by the cylinder.

I) I) are guide-blocks, secured to the cover of the guidebed by meansol" set-screws 31", so that their slots shall register with the slots in the guide-blocks I).

Each block b carries an embossing roller or style, I to bear down, under the weight of the cover, upon the fillet of paper as it passes over the bed, and form parallel grooves therein by pressing it into the grooves of the lower blocks (1. The rollers also expand or widen the slits in the record. The guide-blocks I, are properly grooved for this purpose, such grooves being the requisite. distance apart to register with the grooves in the thed-cylimler l), and the grooves ot'the transmitting devices. Any preferred design may be given to the embossed tracks in the paper, by giving a correspondingform to the grooves in the guidebloclts b, or to the periphery ofthc embossingrollers.

India-rubber blocks 0 are secured within the guide-blocks L to bear down upon the points of the slitting-knives, and insure their cutting, such bearing-blocks being adjusted by set-screws b.

V is a pressure-roller covered with leather or other elastic material, and mounted upon the lower end of a lever, V, so as to hold the fillet of paper in contact with the front side of the feed-cylinder 1) when the paper is being drawn forward. The lever is pivoted centrally to one of the uprights of the frame, and carries one end of an adjustable spring, K, the other end of which is secured to the pivot, the purpose of such spring being i .every change in the message currents.

.net is changed, the slitting-knives to bear thepressure-rolleragainst the feedcylinder. The upper end of the lever terminates in a finger-piece, J, by pressing upon which the roller Vis removed from contact with the i'eed-oylimler, in which position it may be held, when desired, by any convenient locking device.

q is a lever hung at g to the upright of the frame beneath the feed-cylinder, with its upper end lying against the inner side of a pin projecting from the end of the pressure-roller V, and its lower end against a cam, 0 mounted upon the sleeve m of the calling-in frame. The form and position of this cam upon the sleeve are such as to throw the upper end of the lever 9 forward, and hold the pressure-roller V out of contact with the feedeylinder, when the paper fillet is not in operation over the reciprocating slittingknives.

The reproducing mechanismis made ready for operation to reproduce a message by laying a plain uncut fillet of paper upon the guidebed, under the weighted cover, passing over the feed-cylinder l), downward behind the pressure-roller.

When the signal for calling in the station causes the calling-in frame a to move forward with the registeringwheel, the sleeve m moves with it, as already described, and carries the short radius of the cam 0 against the lower end of the lever g. This releases the pressure-roller V, so that its spring K shall bear the fillet'ot' paper against the feed-c3 linder I), to be fed forward.

As already explained, the induced or message currents of the main line operate the receiving-maguet, while corresponding currents direct from the local battery of a station operate the calliugin and reproducing maguetsat \Vheu, therefore, the polarity of the reproducing-inagare alternately reciprocated through the moving paper to form the slits therein. The length ofsuch slits corresponds to the period of time each knife is held upward, while. the paper is moving at a uniform rate of speed, and the duration of their respective upward throws ceases only with the changes of the track-fingers in the transmitting-instrument. It therefore follows that the slits reproduced in the fillet ot' paperat the receiving-station will be t'ac-similes of those forming the record at the transmittingstatiou, provided the fillets of paper move at the same speed.

The method of effecting a uniform movement of the paper at all the stations 1 will presently describe.

The calling-in frame of the receiving station is held forward upon the registering-wheel until all the message has been received and the throwing-outframe brought into action, when it moves back upon the wheel, so that the cam 0 shall again operate the lever to throw the pressureroller V out of contact with the feed-cylinder, and stop the further

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