US1800752A - Calculator - Google Patents

Description

pr 1931- J. QUIJANO 1,800,752

' CALCULATOR Filed Aug. 28, 1926 @GOGCDGO 2 mammalian C) 4 f fzxv Patented Apr. 14, 1931 UNITED STATES JORGE QUIJANO, OF MEXICO CITY, MEXICO CALCULATOR Application filed August 28, 1926, Serial No. 132,287, and in Mexico September 1, 1925.

My invention relates to improvements in calculating machines, consisting of the combination of an adding mechanism and an attachment or supplemental part indicating the 6 required motions for adding separately the units and the tens of the products of digits.

In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is a complete front view of the machine; Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 are details not shown in Fig. 1,

1 and Fig. 6 is one of the many variations or adaptations of my invention.

Cards or plates, 0, Fig. 1, are mounted as leaves of a book upon a sliding frame, F which, preferably guided by horizontal grooves or channels G, can be moved horizontally over the adding machine P, provided in a usual, well-known manner, with adding slides S, that are moved by means of a pointer, peg or stylus applied thereto through slots,

K, made in the front or dial of the adding machine.

The cards, G, bear digit numbers d, u, indicating by their alignment the points or places to apply or engage the pointer, peg or stylus for adding separately the units and the tens of products of the same digits.

The cards may have marginal indexes not shown in the figure.

In column 7 u, for instance, find a 4; in the same horizontal line as this 4, insert the pointer or stylus into a slide, S, and by moving downwards to the end of the slot, K, you move said slide a distance corresponding to the addition of the units 8 of 28, product of 7 by 4. Then, in column 7d, find a 4 and in the same horizontal line as this 4, insert a pointer in a slide and by pushing downwards to the end of the slot K, you move said slide a distance corresponding to the addition of the tens 2 of 28, product of 7 by 4.

In the same manner the tens and units of any product of digits can be added.

By moving the card 0, any of its columns can be approximated to any adding slide, although this motion is not necessary since said digits are useful even when they are absolutely fixed or directl printed on the dial or front plate of the a ding machine.

For multiplying, for instance, 897 by 4, while you are saying 800, 90, 7, add, as 'explained above, 4, and 7 by 4.

On the card C, of Fig. 1, there are four pairs of columns(6d, Ga) (7d, 7u) (8d, Su) (9d, 914) for multiplying respectively by 6, 7, 8 and 9.

Another four pairs of columns (2d, 2u) (3d, 3n) (4d, 4w) (5d, 510) for multiplying by 2, 3, 4 and 5 are printed on another card, shown in Fig. 2.

For division, other cards, Figs. 3 and 4, indicate in the same manner the contrary or reversed movements required to subtract (instead of adding) the products.

The back of the book formed by the cards, C, or the axle, X, around which they turn as the leaves of a book, maybe fixed at any side of the sliding frame F, or at any intermediate line, as line Z. In the last case, both faces of the cards must, of course, be used to have properly shown the digits.

Variations can be made in the order, distarices, connections, guides and other detai s.

Fig. 5 shows a card with only one central slot or window.

Each card may contain only repeated columns identical to each other and relating to the same corresponding factor, or on the contrary, all eight pairs of columns for the respective factors 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 can be placed on a single sheet or on the very front plate of the machine.

If the dial or front plate of the adding machine is curved or shaped in any other manner, the cards, C, either flexible or stifl, may be curved accordingly.

The cards, C, have horizontal lines, between the rows of numbers, to make more visible the alignment of the digit numbers.

For the same purpose the spaces between said lines are of different colors.

In order to have a detachable attachment, the adding machine P, is inclosed in a sliding case frame or cover A, Fig. 1 having a large central, horizontal opening between the grooves G, the adding slides, S, being seen and actuated through same openin and the grooves or channels G, being placed at the horizontal edges of said opening.

the products 800 by 4, 90 by The grooves G may be supported otherwise by girdles, etc. The case A is unnecessary if the grooves are fixed directly to the adding machine. A similar cover may be used for supporting the sheets of the Fig. 6.

In machines having rotatory adding disks or wheels, ,Eig. instead ofstraight adding slides, there .Will'becircular arowsflR, of'numbers, instead of the straight columns of the card, C, of Fig. 1. Then it is preferable to have an indexed sheet "or page -ior *ea'h circular row, R, of numbers and in each sheet the corresponding circular row, B, being repeated or reproduced around each adding disk or wheel, W, as seen in Fig; "6, where you :see the page containing :the circular rows for adding the units of products by 7. Another page will be used for adding the tens of the same :productsby 71;: and so on for each digit multiplier. The :sheets or pages may be bound as the leaves of a bOOliiOPGiling either horizontally or vertically.

jlncasesof Figs. 1 and 2, andother cases, the cards instead of being attached together as leaves of a book, may be isolated, independent from each other, in order to be'successively and independently inserted into 'thegrooves G or other guides.

Prior to my invention, a transversely moving carriage supporting several, narrow,

parallel'books, each one opening vertically and having nine metallic leaves, containing respectively nine pairs of numerical columns 'orseries equal or similar to the eolumns or seriesof the .cardsof inventionyhave be on used {1n comblnation with adding machines for the same purpose of indicating by their alignment, where to apply or to engage a pointer or stylusbetween the books, forzadd- Zing separately the units and tens .ofproducts of digits; but each one of said leaves orstri ps contained only the digits corresponding to one respective column of the muittplication table of Pythagoras; gWllllG in my invention, each leaf, plate :or card bears several of the same series or columns, each being di'lierent and corresponding to different columns olt said multiplication table, or gbeingequal :to each other and corresponding only to the same respective columnof said multiplication .ta'ble,whereby in both cases I reduce very much the number of movable members or' pieces and I obtain a very compact simple, cheap arrangement. i V 7 Of course it several strips, each one corresponding to a column of the multiplication table of Pythagoras, are insepa-rably united as to form one piece, this piece would be an equivalent of a card of my present invention. Moreover, my cards arealso distinguished by having openings or windows so that the adding slides of the machine can be seen and 7 Worked through same, although the cards are large enough to extend over severaladding sl d-es and'to bear and at the same time show description, are referred to in the following claims.

'What I do claim as my invention and dessireitosecurebyELettersgPatentisz: Y

'11. The combinationof acardrhavingiparal lel elongated openings therein, a mechanism @havingmovable' addingmembers andianzaper "tured 'cover through which the :movable addingunembers are viewed, the openings of the card adapted Itoalign "with the apertures in the cover to :permit theoper'ator to insert cpera ting instrument to operate'the movable members, said card bearing a plurality of rows of digit numbers aligned "to the iope'ningsofthe card, each row .correspondingto a respective column =of the Pythagoras multi ;plication table, the digits "of each row being equal and corresponding respectively :to the digit factors corresponding to' tl1e respective column of said multiplication table, and the number of spaces between each number and a common reference being equal to the num- =ber of imits of thecorresponding product.

2. The combination of a' card having openings formedthe'rein, 'otanadding meohanism including movable adding members cperatd directly by the operator, said adding mem- 'bers being visible and operable through said openings of the cardysaid card bearing a plural-ity'olt' rows of digit numbers aligned to the openings of the card, each row corresponding to a respective column of the Pythagoras multiplication table, the digits of each row being equal and "corresponding respectively to the digit factors corresponding to the respective column of's'aid multiplication table, and the number of spaces be- 1.

tween eachnumberaind common reterenc'e being equal to'the number of tens of the corresponding product; 1 i

3. The combination of an adding mechanism having an apertured front plate and having adding mov-a ble members visible through the openings, ofa card movable over the front plate of said machine, means for guiding the movement of the card, said card having openings 'throughwhi'chthe movable adding members are viewed and actuated,

said card bearing a plurality of rows of digit numbers, each pair oft rows corresponding to a respective column of the multiplication table of Pythagoras, the numbers of each row being equal and corresponding respectively to the digit factors corresponding to the same respective column of, said multiplication table, and the digits indicating by their positions of alignment with numbers on the movable adding members the point of application of an actuating device for adding separately the units and tens of the corresponding prod uct in said multiplication table.

4. In combination with an adding machine, a card movable over the front plate of the adding machine, said card having openings through which slides of the adding machine may be viewed to operate the slides, said card having rows of numbers arranged adjacent to the openings, each row corresponding to a column of the Pythagoras multiplication table, the numbers of each row being equal and corresponding respectively to the digit factors corresponding to the respective columns of said multiplication table and the number of spaces between each number and a common reference being equal to the number of units or to the number of tens of the corresponding product in the corresponding column of the multiplication table.

5. In combination with an adding machine having slides formed with numbers, a card having a plurality of openings, movable over the adding machine, said card having columns of numbers arranged adjacent to the openings and having digit factors corresponding to the respective columns of said multiplication table, arranged at the upper ends of the columns of numbers, and said card adapted to be moved to bring certain columns of numbers adjacent to certain slides of the adding machine.

6. In combination with an adding machine including slides and having openings through which the slides are viewed and operated, said machine having guides on the upper surface thereof, a card fitted within the guides and movable transversely of the adding machine, said card having openings adapted to align with the openings of the machine, said card having numbers formed thereon to cooperate with numbers on slides of the adding machine for multiplying, and said card and slides being actuated by the hand of the operator.

7. The combination of an adding machine having movable adding members, a top plate forming a part of the machine and having elongated openings to permit of access to the movable adding members, said top plate having openings near the upper ends of the elongated openings to rmit numbers of the adding members to viewed therethrough, a card movable over the top plate and having elongated openings corresponding to the openings of the top plate, said card having openings to permit the numbers to be viewed therethrough, said cards having rows of numbers arranged adjacent to the elongated openings of the card, each row corresponding to JORGE QUIJANO.

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