US1799844A - Jobation - Google Patents

Description

April 7, 1931.

E. G. DE CORIOLIS BAKE OVEN Filed July 2, 1928 INVENTOR 6 M M m BY L/ ATTORNEY 1 N at 2(). 'and"*forms a compartment which 1s Patented Apr. 7, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE "ERNEST G. DE CORIOLIS, F TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO SURFACE COMBUSTION COB- PORATION, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION 01' NEW YORK BAKE OVEN Application filed July 2, 1928. Serial 1T0. 289,718.

This invention relates to improvements in .as. a whole ovens and heating apparatus therefor and more particularly to ovens as used by bakers. It is an object of the invention to provide a an oven construction and a heating system therefor which shall permit indirect uniform heating throughout all parts of the oven by products of combustion generated by gas burning means arranged beneath the oven. Another object is to so construct the heating apparatus that spent heating gases may be returned for circulation with fresh combustion products for the purpose of tempering the freshly generated combustion products. Other objects will more fully appear hereinafter. I I

Referring to the drawings Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through the preferred oven construction, the insulating material with which the oven will be surrounded being omitted for simplicity of showing, the view being taken on line 11 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the oven construction shown in Fig. 1;

3 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on line 33 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on line 44 of Fig. 2. p

The framework for supporting the oven may be of any suitable construction. As shown it consists of four corner posts 10, connected together by transversely extending irons 12. 13, 14, 16 and 17.

Supported on the frame work is a double walled oven, the-outer wall thereof beingf generally indicated at 18 and the inner wall at 19." The oven is relatively shallowas compared. with its width and is relatively long. The oven. chamber proper is indicated closed at one end 22 and open at its other end 24 for the reception of material to be baked.

openend of the oven during the baking op- Herationsl Extending forwardly from the open end of the oven is an entry-way 28, this way extending through or bein formed in a body of insulating material not shown) which encompass the oven constructionto prevent undesirable loss of heat. I I The space 30 between the inner and outer walls 18 and 19 is divided by a plurality of transversely extending walls 32 into a series of peripherally extending compartments which constitute flow paths or zones for the heating gases. 'For constructional purposes these walls take the form of ribs which are U-shaped incross section, and which have lat eral flanges 34 as more clearly shown in Fig. 4.- The outer shellor casing, whose walls are indicated at 18 is made in sections, the adjacent sections being secured to the side flanges 34 of the U-shaped ribs. The oven proper, whose walls are indicated at 19, may also be made in sections in which event the sections are of a length to extend between the ribs 32 for securement thereto as indicated in Fig. 4. By following this construction, the oven proper and the surrounding casing can be formed of convenient size lates. For constructional purposes the rig t and left hand sides of the oven and its surrounding shell are made in sections and the oven walls 19 secured at their adjacent ends to u per and lower lon 'tudinall extendin 1rons 36 which are '-shaped 1n cross section, the legs of the U being rovided-with lateral flanges to which the adjacent edges of the wall 19 are secured as clearly indicated in Fig. 2.

It will be noted thatthe upper and lower walls 18 of the surrounding casing are not transversely continuous but terminate some distance laterally of the longitudinally extendin irons 36. Extending downwardly from the terminal edges of the'lower walls of the casing are plates 38, the bottom edges of these plates being maintained in spaced relation by a plate-4Q (see Fig. 3) suitably secured thereto. Within the chamber formed by the walls 38 are side plates 42 bent into such form as to resemblea hopper. Extendstruts preferably taking the form of longi tudinally extending plates. Extending upwardly and inwardly from the lower edges of the side plates 38 are plates 48, the upper ends thereof terminating within and in spaced relation with respect to the side walls of the restricted portion or throat 46 formed by the walls 42. A rod 50 may be passed through the lower ends of plates 42 and 44 and the upper ends of plates 48 to give rigidity to the structure.

Suitably supported as on blocks 54 support ed on the plate 40 at the bottom of the side plates 38 is a fuel supply manifold 56 from the top of which extends a series of gas burners 58 of any suitable construction. One end of the supply conduit 56 is closed and the other end is connected with a suitable airgas mixing tube 60, the gas supply pipe leading thereto being indicated at 61.

The gas burners 58 discharge into the throat 46and the hot gases therefrom flow upwardly, along with spent heating gases flowing from the side conduits 52 formed by the plates 38, 44 and 48, said spent gases being delivered to the conduits 52 in a manner presently explained. The spent gases temper the fresh hot gases and the tempered mixture flows into the flow channels 30 between the outer casing walls 18 and the oven walls 19, some of the gases flowing to the left and some to the right and finally finding their way around the oven for passage into a common collecting flue generally indicated at 62. The bottom plate 40 is provided with a plurality of openings 63 through which secondary air for the burners may enter.

The common spent gas collecting flue 62 consists of upright walls 64 which at their lower ends are secured to the adjacent terminal edges of the casing walls 18. The side walls 64 are held in spaced relation by a plate 66 extending therebetween, this plate being 'provided with a plurality of openings 67 for the free passage from below of the spent heating gases. Closing the top of the conduit 62 is a plate 68. The collecting flue is in effect an inverted U-shape conduit. -Within the conduit formed by the side walls 64 is provided a series of dampers 70, these damp. ers being of a length to extend between adjacent partitions 32 to control the effective size of the exit from the flow passages 30 surrounding the oven proper. The dampers are individually adjusted by raising and lowering the rods 72 to which the lower ends of which the dampers are secured. By adjusting the individual dampers it is obvious that the volume of heating gases which may flow through any given flow passages 30 due to the suction of a fan 78 can be regulated as desired and consequently localization of heat in any particular part of the oven can be readily obtained.

One end of the common collecting flue 62 is suitably closed as indicated at 74 and the other end connects with an outlet passage 76 which in turn connects with said suction fan 78. The outlet side of this fan connects through a conduit 80 with the two laterally spaced conduits 52 on opposite sides of the burners. Since it may be desirable to vent some of the spent gases to the atmosphere there may be provided at any suitable point in the circuit a damper controlled opening 82 shown as opening off the conduit 80.

The operation of the oven may be. briefly described as follows: The hot products of combustion from the burners 58 tendto flow upwardly into the flow channels 30 provided around the oven due to the suction of the fan 78. The spent heating gases which are withdrawn from the top of the oven and returned to the conduits 52 by the fan pass through the openings provided in the sides of the conduits 52 in an upwardly direction and mingle with the fresh hot combustion gases thereby tempering them. A tempered gaseous mixture therefore flows around the oven to heat the interior thereof. By regulating the dampers the volume of gases passing through any given compartment can be regulated at will and consequently the desired distribution of heat within the oven readily obtained.

Although I have shown an operative device still it will be obvious that many changes may be made in the size, shape or arrangement of parts without departing materially from the spirit of the invention. I

What is claimed is:

1. In combination, inner and outer casings forming between them a space wherethrough combustion gases may pass for heating the inner casing, the bottom wall of the outer casing having a longitudinally extending opening, a depending channel forming a continuation of said opening, a series of burners dis-' charging into said channel, and means for withdrawing combustion gases from the top of said space and delivering them into said channel at the sides thereof for heating by the gases of combustion formed by said burners.

2. In combination, inner and outer casings forming between them a space wherethrough combustion gases may pass for heating the inner casing, the bottom wall of the outer casing having a longitudinally extending opening through which said gases may enter said space, a series of burnersbelow said opening, side walls forming a narrow upwardly flaring throat for directing combustion gases from said burners into said openmg, a conduit extending alongside said burners and perforated to discharge upwardly into said throat and opening, and means for delivering spent combustion gases from the top of said space into said conduit.

3. In combination, heat conduotant walls completely enclosing a shallow, wide and long heating chamber, an outer casing surrounding the chamber in close uniformly spaced relation therewith, and having a narrow longitudinally extending opening in'its bottom wall and another openin in its top wall, a number of baflles locate Vat spaced intervals throughout the length of said chamber, each baflle extending peripherally around the chamber walls and forming with said walls and outer casing a plurality of \pairs of oppositely disposed heating flues extending from the bottom opening around opposite sides of the heating chamber to thetop' opening in the outer casing, dampers for controlling flow of gas through each of said flues. a spent gas-collecting flue arranged to receive gases discharged from said heating flues, depending aprons and baflles beneath said casing forming a burner housing with an upwardly flaring throat coextensive with said bottom opening for directing hot burner gases upwardly into said heating flues, a conduit extending to a point adjacent said burner housing and having outlet ports adapted to discharge upwardly into said throat and bottom opening, and means for withdrawing spent gases \from said collecting flue and delivering them through said housing and outlet ports into said throat for mixing and recirculation with hot burner gases.

4. In an oven, the combination with-a longitudinally extending metal chamber forming the oven chamber proper, of a series oi V partitions secured to and extending around the outside of said chamber transversely of the longitudinal axis thereof, oppositely extending casings telescoped over the opposite sides of said chamber and supported by said partitions in spaced relation with respect to the walls of said chamber, an inverted U- shape conduit bridgmg the space between the upper adjacent ends of said casings, mdiidually regulable dampers, for controlling the flow of gases in the passages between said partitions, a conduit bridging the space between the lower adjacent ends of said casing, and means for delivering hot gases into the last-mentioned conduit for flow between said partitions. t

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