US1795838A - Art of paper bags and method of producing the same - Google Patents

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March 10, 1931. jl D CRAMER ET AL l1,795,838

ART O1 lPAPER BAGS AND METHOD O" PRODUCING THE SAME Filed Sept. l2, 1929 l l "u Hur* R5ER5 T'MM, MWA. 7

ATTORN EY Patented Mar. r10, 1 931 UNITED sTA'rEs lPATEN'I," OFFICE JOSEPH D. CBAMER AND ALBERT ROGERS, 0F GOSHEN, INDIANA, ASSIGNORS T0 THE C HASE BAG COMPANY, OF NEW YOIEtK,

N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE i BT OIF-PAPER BAGS AND METHOD OF PRODUGING THE SAME Application filed September 12, 1929. Serial No. 392,109.

This invention relates to paper bags, and a method of producing the same, and the primary object of the invention is to provide a strong and durable open mesh bag made of colored strands of paper treated and/woven in the mode and manner hereinafter de,- scribed, whereby perishable goods, such as fruits, vegetables, etc., ma be openly stored and preserved, and safely iandled and transported in bulk. The construction of the bag, and the steps taken to produce the same, provide an open-work receptacle or container having walls of substantial durability and strength, notwithstanding that the material is paper and coarsely woven to provide open meshes of relatively large area. Wide open meshes are employed to display the goods plainly and visibly in their natural state and colors and to freely ventilate and expose the goods to light and air. The strands in the open mesh fabric are also colored to heighten or modify the natural color of the goods when viewed through the open meshes. For example, oran es, or fruits, not fully ripened, are displaye more invitingly and attractively, when packed for handling and shipment in an open work bag madev of red and tan colored strands of paper. The colored strands are fast weathering colors to avoid spotting or tainting of the goods, especially edible goods brought in'to contact during shipment with the meshes of the bag. The paper strands are also treated to repel moisture and water and to withstand exposure to all kinds of Weather without deteriorating or weakening appreciably, having in mind'in that connection that these open-work bags are also relatively large and .called upon when both wet and dry to carry heavy loads. The treatment of the paper strands and the particular steps involved in Weaving the fabric have the following object in view also,- that of' reducing a fiat stilly-pliable open mesh fa ric, in Which,the warp and weft strands of pa er will be firmly interlocked in widelyspace union and capable of resisting displacement or disarrangement when the bag is being made, used and handled. The warp strands are also stiffer or less pliable than the weft strands in the nal product or shape under repeated handling, and the woven walls are tough and strong and possess resilient or spring properties, `notwithstand- Ving that the. bag is merely an open net-work composed entirely of paper.

As an exemplification of a bag made and constructed according to our invention, reference may' be had to the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 represents a side view of a completed bag; Fig. 2 a sectional view longitudinally thereof; Fig'. 3 a sectional view transversely of the bag; Fig. 4 a larger detail view of a small portion of the woven fabric; and Fig. 5 an enlarged side elevation of a twisted paper strand such as used in producing the bag fabric.

The rst steps taken involve the making of threads or strands of substantial tensile strength from thin flat strips 2 of paper approximately one-eighth to vone-fourthof an inch in width. Preferably the paper stock contains only a limited amount of sizing, as

an excess of sizing is detrimental to the final product. The strip has the same natural color,.as the stock, before spinning it into a strand, and to obtain durable and quite brilliant colors, and also uniform coloring results, the paper strip is treated and inipregnated with a colored solution co-incdcntly with the spinning operations.

Thus the strip is unwound from a reel, and y as it is being twisted or spun intov around thread or strand it is colored or dyed', using any suitable spinning machine for the urpose. yThe spinning of the strip to uni orm diameter or thickness,-without breakage, is

' promoted by impregnating or saturating the strip of paper with a colored solution while it is passing rapidly from the reel to a bobbin or spool carrledby a rapidly revolving spindle. l l v p y.

A preferred spinning solution consists of an aqueous composit1on containing soap emulsied with a preservative oil composed of: natural lycerides, in .any suitablef proportions, inc uding a phenol concentrated dye ofany desired color.

the solution imparts water repellent proper-I ties to the strand and promotes the spinning of the strip into a strand of uniform size strands for the weft.

and tensile strength.

The twisted strand is in a moist or wet state when wound under tension on the spool or bobbin of the spinning machine. Consequently, the strand remains under tension and will not unravel or untwist when it is permitted to dry,on the spool or bobbin. However, it may be wound under tension upon a reel, without unraveling, to permit immediate use'thereof in its wet. or damp state.

The next steps taken involve the weaving of the dry and moist strandstogether before the latter have dried and set. Weaving proceeds on any suitable weaving machine, using the moist strands for the warp, andthe dry In producing a varicolored mesh of natural and colored strands,

such as tan and red strands, the colored drv spaced relation.

strands a are used for the weft, and the wet strands b of natural color are used for the warp. Accordingly, the respective strands are not weakened or easily broken in weaving operations, and later other advantages accrue.

Thus thernoist warp strands of twisted paper are stretched and under tension durv ing weaving operations, and the colored dry strands of twisted paper are passed back and forth by the shuttle between the Awarp strandsl to produce the weft or woof. In interlacing or weaving the strands together the wet warp will buckle or bend sharply and readily and the dry Woof or weft strand will embed itself in the wet strand. In that way a wide open mesh may be made and the crossed strands interlocked in uniformly Then this openly woven fabric composed of interlaced dry and wet lstrands. is wound fairly tigh ly in a roll, the warp strand being wound spirally in the roll. WVhen so rolled the wet warp strands of twisted paper are permitted to dry, and in drying they contract and become stiffer than the colored weft or Woof strands. Thus the tension of the warp strands is enhanced and have greater inherent tension than the weft strands, and all the strands become more tightly interlocked than when first woven. Consequently, when the mesh fabric is unrolled and handled in a dry flat state preparatory to arid also subsequent to the making of a bag therefrom, the interlaced strands withstand handlin and use without material relative disp acement of the strands, or change "in the size` of the interspaces or open places. This open mesh fabric is stifHy flexible and will lie fiat so 'poses hereinbefore explained.

weft strands a and across the warp strands b. Preferably the cut ed es are turned inwardly to form flaps or lfolds c which may be placed face to face and sewed together to provide a fourply seam 4 at opposite sides of the folded material. The selvedges bor` der the open mouth of the bag, and the warp strandsl extend transversely of the bag. Thus in a tan and red colored bag, the red colored weft strands a extend lengthwise of the bag, and the warp strands b of tan extend across the bag.

The red or colored weft strands a in the finished bag B are more pliable than the vwarp strands I), and the warp strands are stiffer and possess greater spri orrecoil properties than the colored weft strands. However, both strands are water repellent and possess such inherent toughness andv tensile strength that a bag made and constructed as described herein will bear heavy loads without bursting, notwithstanding that the bag walls are composed of twisted strands' of paper separated a substantial distance apart to provide relatively large openings or interspaces for the useful purlVhat we claim, is:

1. A paper bag, composed of tightly twist ed flat strands-of paper interwoven in openly spaced relation andpossessing water repellent properties, the warp strands being more stiflixy resilient and having greater inherent tension than the weftstrands, and said warp strands being permanently contracted with the weft strands embedded therein to effect a locking union at the intersecting places in the strands.

f 2. A paper bag. fabric, composed of tightly twisted strands of paper interwoven in spaced relation and possessing water repellent properties, and the weft lstrands being colored and embedded sharply in the warp strands, and the warp strands being more stiffly resilient and having greater inherent tension than the weft strands.

3. A paper bag fabric, composed of tightlytwisted strands of paper of contrasting colors interwoven in spaced relation and possessing water repellent properties, the weft strands being more pliable than the warp strands and sharply embedded in the stiffer strands.;

4. A paper bag fabric, composed of tightlyfi twisted strands of sized paper tightly interiso woven together in widely spaced relation, and including strands impregnated with a preservative oil, the weft strands bein more pliable than the warp strands and em dded therein with interlocking effect at the intersections.

5. A aper bag, formed of a piece of open mesh abrio composed of tightly-,twisted strands of paper treated with a preservative v and interwoven together 1n interlocking union, the respective warp and weft strands diiering in stiffness and the softer strands being embedded locally in the harder strands e at the intersections. 6. A paper b ag fabric, composed of a'single flat piece of open mesh made of colored strands of ti htly-twisted paper'interwoven tightl togeler with other tightly-twisted stran s of paper treated with a preservative oil, said open mesh fabric having selvedges and folded at its middle between and arallel with its selvedges and the selvedges roughtv together to form themouthof the bag.

7. A method of making a paper bag fabric, consisting in weaving wet and dry strands of l tightly-twisted paper into a flat o en mesh body, drying the wet strands of t e woven fabric under longitudinal tension, and then severing the same transversely from selved e 3 to selved e to permit the severed piece to x folded vmldway upon itself parallel with the selvedges.

8. A method of making a paper bag fabric, `consisting in weaving wet strands of tightlytwisted strips of paper treated with a 4preservative substance together with dry strands of tightly-twisted strips of paper treated with a preservative coloring substance, winding the-woven material in a roll, and drying the 40 wet strands while these wet strands are under tension and tightly 4engaged with the dry strands.

9. A method of making bags, consisting in weavin .wet warp stran s o tlghtly-twisted strips o paper in open net-work relation with dried weft strands of tightly-twisted `strips of colored pa er, drying the wet strands under tension su sequentto said weaving steps, and forming a fiat bagfrom the completely I 50. dried m'aterlal.

In testimony whereof we aix our signatures.

' JOSEPH D. CRAMER.

l ALBERT J. ROGERS.'

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