US1794396A - Water purifier - Google Patents

Description

E. JvsRoc K WATER PURIFIER March 3, 1931.

3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed May 14, 1927 5 3 27/6, Qlil. I Z, 4 a I. 66 UHH U 3P3 MM 4, 3 Z

March 3, 193 1. J BRQCK 1,794,396

WATER PURIFIER Filed May 14. 1927. 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 3, 1931. E. J. BROCK 1,794,396

WATER PURIFIER Filed May 14, 1927, 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 vc/v 7-073- xiowA-eo J? Becca.

Patented h lls-r9 Mum series.

Jen /Vanna. Bacon, or s'r. LonIs, MISSOURI 7 w r runrrrnn Applicatioirfiled air-1i, 1927. Serial No. 191331.

This invention relates generallyto water purifiers such as are used in conjunctionwith boilers'lor mechanically removing sediment andin'ipurities from the feed water before introducing it into the boiler, and the invention has particular reference 'toa water =puri-' fier which may be used in conjunction with a water tube boiler as well as with horizon tal boilers, and boilers of other types;

lily-improved purifier may also be used for purifyin water to be passed through the water jackets {of enginesfor cooling purposes The water purifiendisclosed in the pres} entapplication is an improvement on' the water purifier disclosed in an application filed by me on May 22nd, 1926, Ser. No. 110,900. it was found in actual ,practicethat though the apparatus disclosed in the pend ing application referred to was very well adapted for use with horizontal boilers and functioned with great efiiciency'when used with a boiler of this type, it could. not be made to function eilicieni'ly when used in conjunction with water tube and other boilers of relatively great evaporat-ing capacity, because of its limited capacity. lhe purifier disclosed in my pending application coinprises a single elongated shell through which the water to be purified. passed, and while this shell. my be 01 any desired length inso far as its operation is concernediand conse quentlycould be-ol' enormous lengthfito have snl'lici'ent capacity'so'that it may be associ ated with a water tube or other boiler having great evaporating capacity, still the length of the shell islimited by the dimen' boiler setting and of the bo ler I have. there sions of the room in which it is contained.

fore devised the apparatus disclosed in the present applicatioin which embodies the prin-; P CS oi the earlier invention but is elaboi rated and modified with relation thereto, so hat the present apparaus is capable of very eliieient operation with a watertube boiler.

T he genera-l objects of the present ii1vention are the samefas those in connection with the invention disclosed in my earlier ap iication for patent referred-to, to whiohatten tion is directed, and in addition to those-ob j ects,"the predominant object of the present on line 88 of Fig.3;

invention is to produce a purifier embodying the principles of my earlier invention which will functionwith great efliciency in COHjUEIQLiOH with a water tube or otherboiler having relatively great evaporating capacity.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary plan view of my improved purifier associated with a water tube boiler, a part of the boiler being broken away to show the manner in which the purifier is connected to theboiler;

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the boiler and purifier shown inFig. 1;

Figure 3 is an end elevation of the and purifier shown in Figs. 1 and 2';

Figure l is anenlarged fragmentary sectional detail showing the manner in which the connection leading tonne of the sediment discharge pipeswithin a shell of thepurifier is extendedthrough;the wall of said shell; I I

Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional detail showing the manner of extending one of the sediment discharge pipes through awall of a shell of the purifier when said discharge pipe is extended through a head of said shell;

Figure 6 is a side elevation of a boiler provided with my improved purifier and illuscrating a modified form of means for con necting the purifier to the boiler;

liigure 7 is an end elevation of the boiler andpurifier shownin Fig. (3, parts of the boiler boiler being broken away to show the means for connecting the purifier to the boiler;

Figure 8 IS an enlarged sectional view taken Figure 9 is a horizontal section. oi the dome of the uppermost shell of the purifier looltii upwardly and showing the blow-oft pipe therein. a

Referring now to the drawings, A designates a water tube boiler, the s a ertub-e boiler illustrated in the drawings the Stirling type, but it is obvious, olfcourse that the invention maybe used with boilers other types. The boiler A is provided wi the usual walls and includes a plurality oi steam drums B at the upper portionof the boiler and a mud drum C at the lower port of saidboller. eThe mud drum is connected to the steam drums B by the usual tubes D (Fig. The purifier, which is designated generally by the reference character P, comprises a plurality of elongated shells 1, said elongated shells 1 being preferably arranged one above the other and the longitudinal axis of each of said shells being. supported in a substantially horizontal position below the water level of the boiler. The righthand end of the uppermost shell 1 is the inlet end of the purifier and receives water from the boiler through connections 2 which may be certain of the water tubes of the boiler which have been severed associated with one of the steam drums 13 extended through a side wall of the boiler. It is obvious, however, when'portious of severed tubes would not be the proper length, that said tubes may be removed entirely from the boiler and new tubes associated with said boiler to produce the connections 2. The connections 2- are in communication with a coupling 3 through which latter a feed water pipe-4 extends through the instrumentality of a communicating elongated pipe 5 which is bolted to and is in communication with the coupling 3 as shown in Fig. 2; said elongated pipe being closed at its outer end by a cap 6.

and

At its lower end, the coupling is provided with a flange 8 which is bolted as at 9 to a casting 10 riveted on the top of the uppermost shell 1 near one end thereof (Fig. 8).- The coupling 3 is provided with a throat 11 communicating with the pipe 5' and which tends through thenange 8 and con'nnun cates with an opening in the casting 10 which, in turn, communicates with an opening 12 in the top of the purifier shell. The lower side of the throat 11 extending from the end of the pipe 5 to the opening in the casting 10 is curved, as indicated at- 13, which construction permits of the easy flow of the water from the boiler 'to the purifier without an abrupt change in its course, thereby reducingfriction. The feed water pipe l extends to near the lower end of the throatll. so that as the cold feed water is discharged from the lower end of this pipe, it tends'to produce a siphon effectand to withdraw the hot water from the boiler and thus promote the circulation of the same with the cold water through the purifier. The throat 11 also affords a mix 7 ing chamber for the hot and cold water, and

this construction also avoids an objection in. cident to certain prior constructions, 111 that in the latter, the outlet passage to the purifier shell would very frequently become clo D23"; by depositsfrom the water entering througn the pipe 1. In the construction-described and shown in Fig. 8, a free passage of relatively large diameter isprovid'ed forthe passage of the water 'intothe purifier shell, and this'pas sage will beautomatically kept clean' bytl'n how of the water into the shell. Fin-then. the-lower end ofith nire s x nds oine r.

the portions thereof 7 ing opportunity for impurities therein to deposit on the wall of the throat.

The water passes from the throat 11 down into the uppermost shell and onto a longitudinally inclined baffle 15, which is preferably set at an angle of approximately 22 and which prevents the incoming water from agitating the water and sediment within the upper-shell and also causes the water to have a longer course of travel. On the bottom of the uppermost shell of the purifier, I preferably provide two baflles or bafile plates, the one indicated by thenumeral 16 being located toward the feed end of the shell, and the other, 17, being located centrally of the shell. Thesebafiies tend to prevent or to interrupt circulation along the bottom of the uppermost shell of the purifier, so that the sediment will accumulate and deposit onsaid bottom. In order to discharge the sediment from the uppermost shell of the purifier, I provide two or more sediment discharge pipes 18 and 19, respectively, the discharge pipe 18 extending from a point adjacent to the bafile plate 17- to a point near the righthand end of the purifier shell, as shown in Fig. 1, and the discharge pipe 19 extending from a point adjacent to the bafile plate 17 to a point near the lefthand end of the purifier. Each of these sediment discharge pipes 18 and 19 is closed at its opposite ends by caps 20 and is provided along its bottom with perforations which will be referred to later herein. Each of these pipes is preferably formed in two sections connected centrally to a T-coupling 21 and to these couplings are connectedoutlet pipes 22- and 23, respectively. The outlet pipes 22 and 23 are connected to downwardly inclined pipes 24 which are, in turn, connected at their lower ends, as shown in Fig. 2, to the main blow-01f pipe 25; each of the outlet pipes 22 and 23 is provided with its individual valve 26 which enable the two sediment pipesto be blown out independently if desired. This arrangement permit-s the use of pipes of relatively small size, which are convenient and economical to operate,.and also when the section of the purifier shell on one side of the baflle plate 17 is blown: out, this operation'does not disturb tgefiediment inthe other part of the purifier s e .On the upper side of the uppermost shell of the" purifier and projecting downwardly into the'interior thereof, preferably at an angle of approximately 47, I providea baffle plate 27 near the outlet. end of the shell, whiehoperates to reta-rd the rate. of; circula-' tionele e fi i 1p'pr-'p'art Ofzfih'er-shllhhd' to masses lengthen the path' of the circulationf Between the bafileplateQT and the end or head i 1128 oft-he shell, Iprovide an outlet stand pipe n ch.)

of the purifier.

29 having its mouthSO vdisposed at an elevaof, isprovided-with anfopening in its wall at the top thereof iwhich-is 1n verticallahnement with the stand PiPGrQQ' in said uppermost shell, and arranged adjacent to the opening inthe lower shell is a tanltflange 32 similar to the tank flange glalreadyreferred to. The

tank flanges 31 and .32 are connected by means of a short section of pipe 33, whereby water which passes into the mouth 30 of thestand pipe 29 will pass into the intermediate shell By reason of the presence and location of the baffle plate 2-7, an air pocket'is formed in which air tends to accumulate in the vicinity of the mouth 30 of the pipe 29 and to stop the circulationin thepurifierwhen the latter is first filled. In order-to prevent this, I provide means for releasing any airwhich may accumulate at this point."

V For this purpose, Iprovide a by-pass connection 3lwh1ch Wlll operate to automatlcally release air from the vicinity of the mouth .30 to an air, oil and sediment trap which I provide on the upper side of the uppermost shell of the purifier back of the bafiie 27. The by-pass connection: 34 is connected to the shell above the top of the stand. pipe29 and communicates with the trap 35 through {the side thereof at a point preferably about midway of its height. ;The trap 35 due to the high temperature in the shell, operatestoitrap any air, oil or sedimentmovihg along the upper side of the shell as will be understood. in orderto provide torreleasiug airwlurh may accuinmulate in tlusltrap, I provide a line oi pipingSti which is-in connnunicatimi :with, the

interior oit the trap 35 at the top tl'iereot and communicates at itsopposite end with one of the steam drums B at the upper portion of the boiler; Also, if desired, the piping 36 'may-lead to the'steam'pipe leading from the boiler, or the trap 35 may he provided with an 'automaticallyeoperated valve for releasing theair therein, as shown in my pending -applica'tion.

tlche sedim-ent pipes-1S and 19 are pro? .111; I previously stated, with perforations, and 'theseipertorations arepreterably located on the Lmdersidel-only of the: pipes and extend throughout their -:length. When Jeither or vindicated the numeral :the ne 410 "is made to equal the area of the pipe t0, .eliowancebeing made" for'iriction, and in this way all of the apertures int-he blow-off the valves E26 ai'copened, he pressure wu'ilunlthe Iupper: shell of the puni 0 force sediment out throughthe per- "ii'i la aons iii-the sedlment pipes and through their outlet connections. According to'this invention;the size of the openings in the pipes l8 and 19 is-such thatthcirtotalareawill equal the areaoit the outlet pipes 22 and 23, allowance beinlg made also for friction.

lnpractice, it is found-that most ofthe sediment accumulates in the'inlet end oi the shell, and, therefore, f he outlet connection must be opened inuchmore frequently thanthe outlet connection L 23. 'ilatezl'i itacihtatesthe operation of blowing- The bathe o'utoi'ie end of theshcll as it tends to p ent disturbance of the sediment in the opp site t haitlo ll. therefore, pcrtorms a this '1' other funct in or" tending to iiacilitate the deposit ot sr innen in the inlet end ot'the shell. The baffle 16 directs'the circulation to the top of the shell and to a large extent prevents the sediment in the bottom oft'he shell from being stirred up,and ai fords, -therefore, a quiet mneend amplespace in which impurities may settle out of the water in the path of-circulation. The battle 27, of course, prevents the c irect'tlow of water along the top of the shell through they mouth, 30 oitthestand pipe 29 andrby hires-ting the circulation down ward, tends-to cause the impurities, which are heavier than the water,'to to and tie on, the'hotto'm of theshell so-thst only the mouth The surface of: the wateryiii theyti'ep 35 P-Jlil, a" r a time, be covered w th. scum' oil \Y 'l t r mark, \l L :elitrc, imam order to remove ti proi'id trated clearly in Fig, 2. This blow-oft in theforni (it a pipe 4-(lv3vhich. at one l as shown. inli ig; 2,is connected'to the angularly a ranged blow-oft pipe 24', associated with V liment discharge pipe 1.9-,=at apoint below the valve 26. :Atits upper end, this pipe 4L0 has a horizontal extension entering; the

side of the rap ilii, and said-pipeis preferably bent to substantially on" 'cle' the interior of said trapanr 's: provided outer end with a cap ll. The cirr tion of this blow-oft pipe within the ijl'itj) is l2 anditsyumilerside is provided with ies of perform tiions 43 which referably decrease indiain eter, rs shown, trointhe outer end containcap il to the entrance ponitof the The total. area'o t the apertures 43 portion are eii'ective. in removing scum from thesurtace of thewater-in the trap.

-The pipe +10 is providedcwith a valve 44 substantially atthe'polnt wheresad pipeis conspect, in addition to its relatively pure Waterwill rise andpass into a suritace blow-oft which isillus" nected to the blow-off pipe 24, whereby passage of matter through said blow-off pipe may be controlled, and it is obvious, of course, that the blowing oif action occurs whenever said valve i l-is opened.

The shell 1 of .the purifier P, or the shell which I have previously referred to as the intermediateshell, is a duplicate of the uppermost shell alreadydescribed indetail, with the eXc-eption'that insofar. as the positions of the various bafiles and the stand pipe located therein are concerned, the intermediate shell is arranged with ends reversed with respect to the uppermost shell. Located within the intermediate shell at the lefthand or feed end thereof is a longitudinally-inclined baflie 15 arranged preferably at an angle of approximately 22, which baflie corresponds to the baffle 15 in the uppermost shell, said baffle being intended to prevent incoming water from agitating the water and sediment within said intermediate shell. The intermediate shell is also provided with a baflle l6 at the feed end thereof and 'a bafile 47 located centrally ofthe shell, which battles tend to prevent orinterrupt circulationialong the bottom of the shell so that sedimentwill accumulate and deposit onsaid bottom.

In order to discharge the sediment from the intermediate shell of the purifier, I provide two or more sediment discharge pipes 48 and 49, respectively, the discharge pipe 48 extending from a point adjacent to the bafile 47 to a point near the lefthand end of the shell, and the discharge pipe 49 extend ing from a point adjacent to said bafille 47 to a point near the righthand end of the shell. Each of these sediment discharge pipes is closed at its opposite ends by caps 50 and is provided along its bottom with perforations. As in the case of the sediment discharge pipes associated with the uppermost shell, each of the sediment discharge pipes 48 and 19 ispreferably formed in two sections connected centrally 'to a T-coupling,

and to these couplings are connected outlet pipes 51 and 52, respectively. The outlet pipes 51 and 52 are connected to downwardly inclined pipes 53 which are, in turn, connected at'their lower ends as shown in Fig. 2 to the main blow-oft pipe 25. Also, each ofthe outlet pipes 51 and 52 is provided with its individual valve 5% which enables the two sediment pipes to be blown out independently 'if' desired. In'the upper-portion of the intermediate shell at the discharge endthereof, I provide a ba'lfile plate 55 which, as in the case ofthe: baffle 27 in the upper shell, is arranged preferablyat an angle of approxi- .mately 47, said 'baflle' being intended to retaid'the "rate of circulation a-long'the upper "part ofthe shelland to lengthen the path "ofcirculation. Between the'baflle'plate 55 and "the *righthand end of the shell, I-prowide an outlet stand pipe 56jh-awing its mouth 57 disposed at an elevationwithin'thei shell so that substantially: only clear soft water will enterthis stand pipe. The .pipe.56 is vertical and is connectedat its lower end to a tank-flange 56. which-is. secured to the .shell at the bottom thereof in such manner flange 58 similar to the tankflange 56 already:referredto. The tank flanges56 and 58 areconnected by means ofa short section of pipe59 whereby water which passes into the-mouth 57 ofthe stand pipe 56 within the intermediate shellwill pass into the lowermost shell of the purifier.-

" Thelowermost shell; of the purifier is a duplicate of=theuppermost'shell and of the inter1nediateshell of the purifier with the exception that, insofar as the positions of the battles and stand pipe of-the-lowermost shell are'concerned, said lowermost shell is arranged withends reversed with respect to the intermediate shell.

The water passing into the lowermost shell from the intermediate 'shellcontacts with a longitudinally-inclinedbaflle 60 which is preferably set at an angle of approximately 22,

this baflle, as is the case in connection with the baffles 45 and 15, being intended to prevent'the incoming waterfrom agitating the -water and sediment within the lowermost shell, and said baflie 60 also causes the incoming water to have a longer course of travel. On the bottom of the lowermost shell, I provide two bafiles or baffle plates 61, and 62, located adjacentto the feed end and centrally of the shell, respectively. These baliles tendto prevent orto interrupt circulation along thebottombf'the 'lowermostshell of 1 the purifier, so that the sediment will ac-' cumulate and deposit-on said bottom. The lowermost shell is also provided with two or more sediment discharge pipes 63 and 64,

the discharge pipe 63 extending from a point adjacent to the baffle 62 toa point near the righthand end of the purifiershell, and the discharge pipe 64 extendingfrom a point adj acenttosaic'l baflle p1at'e 62 to a point near the lefthandeend ofthe shell. 'f-Each of these sediment discharge pipes 63 and 64-is closed at its opposite endsf'by caps 65 and is provided along its bottom-withperforations.

Each of'these pipes-is preferably formed in two sections connected centrally to a'T- coupling-and to these: couplings are .connected outlet-pipes .66 and'67, respectively. The outlet pipes .66 and167- are-connected to downwardly-inclined pipes68which are,- in -turn,.connected atltheinrlower ends'asishown in Fig. 2', to the main blow-off pipe 25. Each of the outlet pipes 66 and 67 is provided with its individual valve 69'which enable the two sediment pipes to be blown out independently if desired. 7

In the upper portion of the lowermost shell at the'discharge 'endtliereof is a-bafile plate 70 which inclines downwardly into the interior of the shell, preferably at an-angle of approximately 47. This baffle plate operates toretard circulation along the upper part of the shell and to lengthen the path of circulation. Between the bafiie plate 70 and the adjacent end of the shell, I provide an outlet stand pipe 71 having its mouth 72 disposed at an elevation within the shell so that substantially only clear soft water will enter this stand'pipe. The stand pipe 71 is arranged vertically and extends through an opening in the wall of the shell at the bottom thereof, and said stand pipe is connected atits lower end to a tank flange 73 which is securedto the shell so as to provide a pressure-tight joint at this point. 74 designates an elbow, or other suitable connection, which 'isin con'nnunication: with the stand pipe 71 and isse'cured to the tank flange 7 3, sald elbow 74 being'connected by means of bolts or otherwise to a pipe 75 which extends longi tudinally of the lowermost shell of the punfier at a point immediately below said lowermost shell. At the end thereofremote from the end of the pipe 75 which is connected to the elbow 74, said pipe is providedwith a cap- 7 6by means of which said end of said pipe is closed. 3 1 To connect the discharge end of the'purlfier to the boiler, I employ tubes which may be portions of the water tubeswhich weresevered to provide the inlet connections 2 and which tube portions are associated wlth the mud drum of the boiler. These tube portions, which are'designated by the reference character 77 in the drawings, are extended through a wallof the boiler and connect the mud drumC of the boiler with the elongated -pipe 7 5. Also asin the case of theconnec- .7 of the pipe 75 approximatelyequals' the area I respective shells, I associate with each'of said i tions 2, separate tubes may be employed inr v shown 1n Figs. 6. and 7 stead of using par-ts of water tubes of the -boiler, if desired. In this'manner, water which passes through the pipe 75 w ll pass into and'throughthe'tube portions 77 and into the muddrum of the boiler. The area of-all of the connections'77, allowance being i made for friction.

To provide for releasing air which may ac- 1 I p I g rate dlSChfiI'gGCOIlIlQCtlOII 86 which is concumulate in the air pockets produced acent to the openupper ends of the stand pipes in the intermediate and lower shells by the presence of the battle plates 45 and 70 in the shells an air-by pass. The by-pass associated with the intermediate shell comprises a pipe 78 which is connected to said inter'medithat the opposite valve 36 Kate shell above the stand pipe 56 and extends longitudinally of said intermediate shell to a point beyond the lefthand end thereof (Fig.

2). Likewise, the by-pass associated with the lowermost shell comprises a! pipe 79 connected to said lowermost shell above the stand pipe 71 and extends beyond the lefthand end of said shell. The pipes 78 and 7 9 are connected to a pipe 80 which connects to and communicates with the pipe 36 leading from the'trap 35' of the uppermost shell to one of the steam drums of the boiler. In View of this arrangement, it is obvious that air will positing any impurities and sediment that maybe contained in said feed water on the bottoms of the shells so that when said water finallyjpasses into themud drum of the boiler,

it willbe free from impurities and sediment.

' This action is 'dueto the high temperature within the shells comprising'the purifier,-

which temperature,

, however, is a few degrees under boiling temperature, so that noboiling takes place in the purifier. Also, because the purifier is not subjected to heat of flames, e

the sediment therein will not be baked into ajs'cale. Likewise, the heating of the feed water as it passes through the purifier equalizes the temperature between the feed water and the boiler water in that said feed water enters the boileratpractically boiler temperature. It is likewise plain that eachshell -m'ay-be individually [blOWIl'OHt so as to discharge the sediment therefrom,-

ends of each independently blownout. T V

When the valve 4A is opened to discharge scum,oil and the like from'the trap 35, the

and further, shell may be from'said trap to one of the steam drums will be closed to prevent withdrawal of steam from; said steam drum.

In "the modified form of the invention I do not utilize portionsof-certa-in of the-water tubes of the boiler as inletand discharge connections of the purifier- In accordance with this form of'the invention, I employ a separate inlet connection '85- which isconnected to one or" the steam drums of the boiler'below the water lever and with the coupling 3, as shown clearly in Fig. 7,-and alsoI employ a sepanected to the mud drum of. the boiler and to an elbow 87 which, in turn, is arranged in communication wrththe stand ipe 71 of the lowermost shell of the puri erby a pipe 88. i

the sediment" discharge pipes through the associated with the pipe 36 leading Also, as suggested Fig. 5, I may extend "91 do not cnds'or heads'of the shellsin'stead of through the sides thereofas in-tlie preferred construction' of the invention. "In'the 'view'referred to, 1 designates-a shell of the purifier tlironglrtlie end wall or head 1 of'which a sediment discharge pipe 18 is extended,

which sediment discharge pipe will be con nected in any convenient manner to the main blow-off pipe.v

t will benoted by referringto Fig. 2 that between the uppermost and the intermediate sl ells .of the purifier at the :righthand end thereof, I provide a pair of .tank flanges 90 .-into which a short section .ofpipe 91 is screwed. This arrangement resembles the connection between the uppermost and. intermediate shells at the lopposite'endsofsaid shells through which the interiors of these shells are placed in communication with each other. However, thetank flanges 9O andpipe act as connections, between the in-* teriors of-the shells referred to, for the reason that the walls of-said shells are not apertured at this:point, said elements-merely acting as supporting means for the uppermost shell at the righthand end thereof. In this connection, it is pointed'out'that oneof the tank flanges 90 will-be secured :tothe intermediate shellof the purifier, but the other tank flange 90 will notbe secured to the uppermost shell but merelyprovides a seat for said shell. .In view of this arrangement the shells are of said iells being imperforateat said supporting means so'that there will be no communicationbetween the shells through the section of pipe 93. In-this; case also, only one: of the tank flanges is connected to a shell softhat said shellsmay expand and contract longitudinally with relation to each other.

of which one ofmy improvedpurifiers is composed, within a casing 95 formed preferaoly 'of sheet metal from whichthe; opposite end portions of the shellsiextend, which casing is supported by I prefer to';interpose suitable heat insulating material97: between the walls ofthe casing 95andythe' "ails of the shells of the purifier, as indicated in Figs; 2 and 4.

. *jlt obvious, of course, that instead of producing a purifier composed of a plurality of separate shells as in the preferred construction of'my invention, I may The tank a suitableframe 96. Also, I r

produce a puriher which: comprises asingle shell ofv proper capacity through which a plurality of passageways are formed -ii'rany desired relative arrangement, which passageways will be provided with the ba'llies, stand pipes, and

sediment discharge pipes disclosed in connect-ionwith my preferredconstruction.

The shells of which-the purifier is-composedareeach set 'at-an incline so that its outlet 1 end is slightly higher than the inlet end thereof, in order to facilitate the passage ofairalon the tops of the shells to points where said air may pass from the shells through the ar conductors 34, 78,79- and 80. The scaleof the drawing relative tothe actual size of the purifier is verysmall, and as the inclination is very slight, such inclination would scarcely be perceptible to the eye, and

no attempt has been made to illustrateit. I

desire tostate the fact, however, in the interest of a full disclosure of the invention.

The advantage or the preferred form of -theinvention, which involves withdrawing boiler water from the boiler at points distributedlengthwise, or transversely, of the boiler, and introducing water into the boiler at points similarly distributed, is of great importance inasmuch asthis arrangement results in ncreased. circulation of the water throughout the entire boiler. This arrangement eliminates the likelihood that circula- 'tion wouldbe increased in a portion'only'of the boiler, as may be the case if a single connection were employed asin my pending applicatlon, which y'ouldresult 1n differences of temperature of the boiler water, whereby ha-rm may result to the boiler due to expansion and contraction thereof.

.1 claim: v V

1. *In a water-purifier of the class described,

(the combination of .a plurality of elongated shells arranged one 'abovetheother, the topmost shell and each intermediate shell having an outlet pipe :fll'kOIlG end thereof communicating with the-corresponding end of a succeeding shell and having its :inlet mouth located at an elevated level within its shell,

said outletpipes being arranged-at opposite ends of alternate shells and the outlet pipe from the lowermost shell leading to the boiler, each of said shellsbeing inclined up- I prefer .to enclosethe plurality of shells wardly toward its outlet enthmeans for re moving the sediment from said shells, and

an air release pipe leadingout ofthe upper side of each'shell at-the enidportion thereof contalning the outlet pipe.

2. Ina water purifier of the class described.

tbecombination of a plurality of elongated shells arranged one above the otherin a substantially horizontal position .and' in commixture of hot boiler water and feed water memes into the purifier, an outlet pipe leading from an end of the lowermostof said elongated shells into the boiler, means for removing sediment from said shells, and supporting members for said shells arranged intermediate of each pair of shells and mounted at opposite ends of alternate shells, one end of each shell being loosely supported on the supporting member mounted on the shell beneath it, whereby said shells may expand and contract relative to each other.

3. In a water purifier of the class described, the combination of a plurality of elongated shells arranged one above the other in substantially horizontal position and in communication With each other at opposite ends in alternation, a connection including a feed water pipe at an end and upper side of the topmost of said shells adapted to be connected with a boiler to introducea mixture of boiler water and feed Water into said shell, an outlet pipe leading from an end of the lowermost of said shells int-o theboiler, a blow-off system common to all of the shells, a dome extended upwardly from one of sa d shells and operating as a trap in Which air from the upper portion of saidshell iscollected,

and a pipe for placing said blow-off system in 7 communication with the interior of said dome.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand. i EDWARD J. BROCK.

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