US1791473A - Oil reclamation - Google Patents

Description

FeB. 3, 1931. 1 D. sRlsBAUM OIL REGLAHATION Filed Aug. 4, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet l r 4 1 1.L s

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@who www@ L. D, GRiSBAUM OIL REGLAMATION Feb. 3, 1931.

Filed Aug. 4, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Enum/sto:

35, La dmoz/m13@ J f- 6X/M Feb. 3, L, D. GR|5BAUM OIL RECLAHATION Filed Aug. 4, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 DMW Feb. 3, 1931. L. D. GRlsBAuM OIL RECLAMATION 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 4, 1927 STUFA TANK 7u O t n a v n 5 Feb. 3, 1931. 1 D. GRISBAUM OIL RECLAMATI ON Filed Aug. 4, 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 P5065.: 5//1/6 7PM/f6 CMAN a/L P VETOR *M42/ ATTORNEY s' Fell 3, 1931. 1 nv GRlsBAuM 1,791,473

OIL HECLAMATION Filed.Aug. 4. 1927 6 Sheets-Sheet fffyff.

1l/Mat ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 3, 1931 UNiTED s-TATEs PATENT OFFICE LEONARD D. GBISBAUM, F INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO RAILWAY SERV- ICE & SUPPLY CORPORATION, 0F INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA., A CORPORATION 0l' INDIANA OIL BECLAHATION Application filed August 4, 1927. Serial No. 210,545.

This invention relates to the reclamation of oils, particularly mineral lubricating oils which have been used with {ibi-ous waste material such as is commonly used in the'lubri b cation of railway journals. n f

My process is articularly adapted to treat and renovate lu ricating oils of the above character which are normally unfit for further service. Such oils constitute a liquid .0 of a black viscous nature in some degree o emulsion and may contain reclaimable oil, water, colloidal dirt, heavy extraneous solids, such as particles of metal and silicates, finely divided fibrous material or lint, and dye stuffs from the iibrous material.v Any one or all of these foreign substances may have been entrained and/or absorbed by the oil according to the class of service in which theoil was used. The oil may alsolcontain 2o some metallic soap such, for exam le, as lead oleate. Such metallic soaps are o placed in mineral oils during their preparation for` lubricating purposes and their presence in the oil is considered to be advantageous for certain classes of service. However, in many instances, it has been found that it is desirable that the oil should be free of such metallic soaps.

It is the primary object of the present inso vention to recondition such oil by removing not only all the dirt and foreign substances from the oil, but`also any metalllc soap which may be present. I accomplish the foregoing by chemically and mechanically treating the oil as will be fully set forth below. Other objects and advanta s incident to my invention will a pear to t ose skilled in the art from a consi eration of the following description and 'the appended drawings which illustrate the preferred embodiment of the ap aratus for carrying out the method.

Of t e drawingsl. Fi 1a and lbplaced together at their mes plan view of a suitable layout of the apparatus; and

Figs. 2a and 2b placed together at their Ylilies Y-Y form a somewhat diagrammatic side elevation of the layout of Fig. 1. 50 Figs. 8a and 3b placed together at their -X form a somewhat` diagrammatic lines Z-Z form" an end view taken from the right of Fig. 2.

Certain parts and connections are omitted from the various figures in order to reduce unnecessary complication.

Referring now to the drawings, it will be seen that the apparatus comprises a number of tanks marked A, B, C, D, E and F which may be supported on any suitable structural f work. It will be observed that two tanks C identical in construction are shown.

Tank A is the treatin -chemical mixing tank. It is supplied wit water from the cold water supply connection 4 through the valved. connection 5 and may be drained through the outlet 6 communicating with any suitable sewage line 7. The mixed chemicals are passedinto a treating tank C through connections 8 by any suitable pum 9 which has an intakel terminating in t e bottom of the tank A. Valves 11 control theflow through the connections 8 through the inlets 12 to the treating tanks C.

The water heating tank B is supplied from the connection 4. through the piping 18. This tank is provided with a vent 14 to the atmoshere. The water may be heated in this tank 1n any suitable manner as by a series of steam coils (not shown).

As the tanks C are identical in construction,

the description of them will refer to one of them onl 4 Tank is provided with a conicalbottom 15. The inlet '12 enters the tank at the apex of its conical bottom. A jacket 16 surrounds this tank and has a bottom 17 conically shaped to correspond with the cone 15. An opening 97 is provided in the top of the tank C.

Adjacent the top of tank C are a number of spray nozzles 18 which areV rovided with a connection 19 and a valve 20 or admitting hot water throughthe piping 21 which communicates with the bottom of tank B.

Water is supplied to the jacket 16. from the 26 and a trapped drain 27. The inlet 26 re ceives steam through the steam supply connections 28.

A11 air jet 29 terminates inside the tank C just above the inlet 12. A valved connection 30 supplies the jet 29 with air under rassure from t eV su 1y pipe 31. An oil rain 32, pivoted at 3R33, communicates with the outlet piping 34. Any suitable means, such as the chain 35, may be provided for regulating the level of the oil drain 32.

The oil to be reclaimed is pumped into a tank C through the pipes 39, 8 and 12.

The tank C may be drained through .the pipe 24.

The piping 34 terminates inside the erforated bell 36 positioned in the bottom o tank D. Water may be admitted to this tank through the valved connections 37 and may be drained therefrom through the valved drain 38.

Horizontally disposed within tank I) are a number of perforated bailles 40 and at the top of this tank is a more or less conically shaped hollow heating late 41. Steam is suppliedto the interior of t e plate 4l through the valved connection 42 which communicates with the steam supply pipe 28 and is exhausted therefrom through the trapped pipe 43 which connects with the drain 38. A collecting cone 44 is positioned above the heating plate 41 and the collecting cone and the plate are each provided with an oil overflow opening 45 a d 46, respectively, which are located at their ighest points.

At one side of the collecting cone 44 is a spillway which is adapted to deliver the oil to the color meter 47. A communication 48 and valve 49 serve to carry the oil from the meter 47 to the dehydrating tank E.

The tank E is made conical at top and bottom and the inlet 50, communicating with the pipe 48, enters the tank at the apex of the bottom cone. This tank is provided with a steam jacket 51 which covers its entire outer surface. The jacket 51 is provided with a valved steam supply connection 52 communicating with the supply pipe 28 and a trapped drain 53 which discharges intorthe sewer through 54 and 55.

A valve 98 is rovided for breaking the seal after the dehydrating operation.

A pipe 56 communicates with the apex of the top cone of tank E and with the condenser 57. This condenser is provided with tube sheets 58 and 59 between which tubes 60 extend. A vertical baille 61 divides the chamber formed in the condenser above the sheet 58. Pipe 56 enters one of the chambers above the sheet 58. A A. vacuum pump 62, driven by a suitable motor 63, is provided with a connec'tion 64 to the other one of the chambers through connections `65 which connect with the cold water line 37. This space drains through pipes 66, 54 and 55.

The sump inthe condenser below the sheet 5g may be drained through the valved pipe 6 A connection 68 and valve 69 are 'Jrovided for passing the oil from the tank suitable storage tank 70.

A (pump 71 driven by the motor 72 is pro-` vide with an intake line 73 extending into the storage tank 70. This pump is adapted to deliver the oil to any point of use or to other storage tanks through the valved connections 74 and 75, respectively. By manipulation of the valves 76 in line 73, and the valves, 77, 78 and 79, the pump may be used for pumping oil from the storage tank or trnks, to which the line leads, to any point o use.

The sludge treating or process tank F is identical in construction with the tanks C. Its jacket 16 and nozzles 18 are su plied with hot water from tank B through t e pipes 21 and 80, and its air jet 30 from the compressed air su ply 31 throu h the valved connection 81. team is supp led to its heating coil 25 through the valved pipe 82 and the suppl line 28 and is exhausted therefrom throug the trapped drain 83 and pipe 84. Water may be drained from the jacket 16 through the outlt 85 and pipe 84.

A connection 86 communicates, at one end, with the piping 8 through valve 87 and at its other end with the bottom of the tank F through pipe 88, valve 90 and pipe 89. A valved communication 91 connects the outlet pipes 34 of tank C with the pipe 88. Tank F may be drained through pipe 89 and valved connection 92.

The outlet 32 of tank F communicates with the intake 93 of pump 94 which is driven by motor 95. `This pump is adapted to deliver oil from tank F, through piplng 96 and 34, totank D. e

The tanks B, C, E and F are all provided with heat retaining laggin 99.

In order to recondition oil of the character hereinbefore outlined, I treat the oil tocounteract its colloidal condition and break its emulsion, to decompose organic matter entrained from the waste with which it has been used, to neutralize any acids present and to render basic any metalhc soaps which may i be present. I accomplish these various ste s by the use of some alkaline chemical suc for example, as caustic soda (NaOI) or caustic potash (KOH). I prefer to use what 1s known in the art as a strong-base caustic as distinguished from what is known as weak base caustics and in carrying out m process I use 76% commercial caustic soga of the Hake variety, its characteristics being better adapted f or han as it is readily soluble and practically d ess.

to any In carrying out the method by the apparatus shown a quantity of caustic soda is measured out by weight and placed into the tank A.` Water is a mitted to tank A from the supply pipe land the chemical is dissolved therein. This solution is then pum ed into one of the tanks C through line 8. T e dirty oil is now pumped into the tank C throng connections 39 and 8, carrying with it all the solution remaining in line 8. The oil passes upwardly through the solution in this tank and thoroughly mixes therewith.

I have found that, in order to effectivel accomplish all the steps outlined above, whic steps are necessary for complete reconditioning and to accomplish them without producing objectionable reactions, it is highly desirable that the quantity of treating chemical should be from 3 to 6% (say 5%) by weight of the oil to be treated. I prefer also to dissolve the chemical in water to form a 2() to 25% solution. (say 25% chemical and 75% water by weight). For example: A tank C is adapted to treat a batch of oiil weighing about 4000 pounds. This would require a solution of 200 pounds of dry chemical and 600 pounds of water. It'is to be understood that the quantities, given above, apply when using 76% commercial caustic soda which I prefer. They would vary, of course, with other chemicals which might be used.

It is a well known fact that oil has a relatively high coeilicient of expansion, and, as

the oil is measured into the tank C by volume,

it is necessary that it should always enter at, or approximately at, the saine temperature in order to insure uniform batches by weight.

As/the chemical is dissolved in the water, the temperature of the resultant solution rises, and I refer to use the solution in its hot state (a out 170-200 F I refer also to admit the oil at approximate y the same tem rature (l-200 F.). This temperature is only slightly below the treating temperature maintained in the treating tank, and, therefore, I am enabled to reduce the time of treatment of a batch as it is not necessary to raise the temperature of the mixture more than a few degrees to reach treating tem eratures.

T e temperature of the mixture is raised to and maintained at a point slightly above the boilin point of water, sa 215-220 F. This is e ected b partially ling the jacket 16 to about the evel indicated by the line L in ig. 2*) sealin the jacket (by closing the valves in its supp y and drain lines 22 and 23, respectively) and passing 'steam at abol 1t 15 pounds pressurethrough theheating coil 25.

The mixture is maintained atthis temperature for period of about/two hours and during this time it is subjected to violent aggitation of about one minute duratmn at ve minute intervals. These agitations are efected preferably by means of the air jet 29 which terminates .in the apex of the cone at the bottom of the tank. This jet insures a very thorough agitation throughout the entire mass as the agitation is initiated at its lowest point and moves upwardly.

All the chemical reactions take place during this period of agitation. The colloidal condition of the oil is counteracted, offering the demulsifyiiig reagent more ready access to every part of the oil. Anyacids present are neutralized and a large percentage of organic matter is decomposed.

It should be `noted here that air agitationl effective for driving off the gases foi-ined by the decomposition of the`organic matter. If some mechanical stirring means was used for agitating the mass, these gases could only .more, the have a tendency to collect in sort of matte masses, either at the surface of the bearing itself, or in corners of a box adjacent thereto, in such manner as to impair or retard the flow of the oil. Such mats of fibrous material frequently ignite as the` result of the heat nerated by the poor lubrication and a hot gx develo s. It is also my opinion that the presence o organic matter of this kind is lar ely responsible for the extremely tenacious c ai'aeter of the emulsion existing in used journal box oils, and by removing it in the manner accomplished by the present invention, I greatly acilitate the breaking down of the colloidal and emiilsified condition of the oil I have found that periodic agitations are much more effective for aiding and augmenting the reaction of the chemical and any metallic soap which may be present to render the soap basic, than one continuous agitation equal to or greater than the sum ofthe intermittent agitations. This ma be due to the fact that the chemical undou tedly takes a, shorter period of time (say about 5 minutes) to react with the soap, and then that chemical, #which has been immediately adjaosition of the so are preferred because they are the most' that Lthe agitations bring unreaeted parte of (01314-4303) gPb.

By rendering such a soap basic by this rocess, the soap probably takes on two .hy roxides from the treating solution. This would result in the formula C18HO2)2Pb OH), which represents a basic lead soap. uch a basic soap is insoluble in petroleum, and,

` hence, is taken over into the treating solution.

After the approximate two-hour period of agitation in the tank C all the foreign substances have been liberated from the oil and are held in suspension in the mixture. If the mixture were allowed to subside and cool, all the extraneous matter would settle to the bottom of the tank but this would require a relatively long period of time, as the mass is relatively dense and viscous. In order to cause a separation and subsidence i n the least possible time, I reduce the viscosity of the mass by spraying it with water, preferably at a temperature slightly below that of the treated mixture, say 200? Fr The amount of water thus added should be about 25%, by volume, of the entire mass. l

The mass is now subjected to a linal agitation, lasting for a eriod of about five minutes and then the eating is stopped. The water reduces the viscosity of the mass as a whole and absorbs caustic soda from the treating solution, for which it has a stron ainity. The mixture, being relatively ilui on account of its temperature and having a relatively low viscosity in view of the ad ed water, subsides very rapidly.

The fact that the top part of the tank is unjacketed and unlag d and that the -jacket is not entirely filled with water assists in promot-ing a very rapid settlement as the upper layer of the oil in the tank will cool more rapidly than the mass as a Vwhole. This layer is more viscous and tends to increase the surface tension of the mixture and there by reduce bubbling and agitationat the surface with the result that subsidence and separation are further expedited.

The heavy extraneous solids subside to the bottom of the tank, the treating fluid, containing dye stuis and the lead soap, settles above the heavy matter at the bottom and the oil rises to the top above the treating'msblution. L,

It is to be noted that all the treating steps are carried on at atmospheric pressures as the opening 97 of tank C always remains un covered.

`After subsidence of the mixture in tank C the clea'n oil may be drawn od thru the outlet 32 and pipes 34 to the separating tank D. The oil passes upwardly through this tank and in its progress `is roken up into line streams b the perforated bellies 40. This action he ps to remove particles of water which may be entrained in the oil. Such droplets or particles subside to the bottom of the tank from where they may be removed thru the drain line 38. .As the oil rises in the tank D, toward and thru the outlet 46 it contacts with both sides of the hollow heating plate 41. This action also aids in removing entrained water from the oil as the water contacting with the plate, which is heated to about 230 or 240 F., vaporizes and escapes upwardly thru the opening 45 in the collecting cone 44.

The collecting cone isset slightly off thc horizontal and the oil collects Vat its low side, from where it flows over the meter 47 for inspection to the dehydrating tank E.

Under certainrconditions it may be found that the oil still contains a perceptible quantity of treatin chemical when it leaves the treating tank to enter the tank D. This chemical may be removed by admitting a substantial quantity of water into the tank D, say to about three quarters full. The oil in passing upwardly thru the water is broken up into fine streams and is scoured, so to speak, by the water. The heating plate 41 of course operates, as before, to drive off entrained water.

In the tank E the oil is subjected to the final drying operation. This operation is particularly adapted to remove what might be termed moisture in the oil, in contrat distinction to entrained water or to oil in an emulsiied condition.

charge would fillthe tank to about the bottom of the top cone. The vacuum pump 62 is now started and steam, at about 15 pounds pressure, circulated thru the jacket 51. Any moisture still remaining in the oil is driven oli and is drawn out of the tank E into the condenser tubes where it condenses and collects in the sump below the sheet 59. Conf toabout that pressure which would correspond to from 20 to 25 inchesof mercury and hence the moisture will be driven olf very rapidly, especially since the oil is heated to 0 The oil enters this tank thru the inlet 50 and a normal a temperature of about 240 F., or that which corresponds to steam at about 15 i pounds 'pressure F roundin sifirfaoe` .including `theconical portion above y and It is to be noted Ain 4connection with the construction of tank E that its conical top and bottom provides for additional heating area' and greater strength and also provides a ipoint of concentration for tlie vapor drawn o thru the pipe 56'as well as a low point from whichgtlie tank may be drained. It is further-to' be noted that tliejacket surthis tank covers its entire outer anormal charge of oil. It isso constructed in order to prevent the vapor rising frpni the oil from condensing andalling back into the body of oil, aswould occur if this completely reconditioned oil may-now `be' passed into the storage tank,70 thru the connection 68.3

The o il may be delivered from the storage tank 70 vto any other suitable storage tank thrucon'nections 73, pump71 and pipes 74 y from iteftank 7o (thru the the 74) by the A -treat'ing tank `C the treating solution and sludge still remain at the bottom. Thismass m contains a' certain quantity of rclaimable saine ump' to any suitable place of use, such, `or example, as an adjacent plant for waste impregnation. Y

After the oil has been drawn olf from the oil, I n order to obtain this oil I agitata the solution and sludge, and thereby Jplace the sludge in suspension iny the solution, and

drain the mass into the', sludge treating tankes 34,91, esami e9.

F ythru the` outlet 82 pi e mass -from tank C This will transfer all vt to tank Fexcept a small uantity or therelatively heavy solidsA whic will quickly settle in the cone atthe bottom of the tank below the lowest point whichtlie outlet 32 is adapted to drain. This very heavy matter e may be drained to t e sewer thru the pipe 24.

f desired all o the Amass -remaining 'in the tank C after a treating operation, in-A The sludge rnew after which time the remaining oil wi1l be 'found at the top of themass, the treating soliitionwill be found below the oil and the 5" c ludin the heavy solids, maybe passed into tank thru the pipes- 23 e. se, es and se.

1n tank settle for a period' ofy about 10 or 12.A hours relatively heavy sludge particles will be f" d t, the bottom.y The2 oil ma now Ibe p Noun a y 12th, 1925, the claims of said eopending apdrained from'the top thruthe outlet 32y of the tank F and passed (byieans of the pump 945) thru the pipes 93, 9 6 and 34 `into the sepa@ suitable point where number 4of ways.

and may be pumped from there, or

F is allowed to rating tank D. Its treatment from this point on 1s identical with the treatment of the`oil passed directly into tank D from tank A C.- The treating solution may now be drained from the tankF for reuse.

If the treating solution has been used Sudiiently to exhaust its power ter-colloidal and a demulsi 1f it lhas absorbed lead soapto a point approachingsaturation, it is passed oi -toany the lead soap`may be precipitated out 'of it xin the form of a lead to act as a counfyiiig reagent, or Y salt -which may be usedl commercially in a This can-be'aceomplished in any suitable manner, as bytreating the-s0- lution `with nitric or sulphuric acid.

Any residualI sludge remaining in, tankF,

'after removal of thev oil `and thesolution, may

be drained to the sewer thru pipes 89 and 84. I

If desired. the tank F may be used in the same manner as tanks C. In other words, as a primary treating tank, for which purpose it has been constructed exactly the same as tanks C. 1f it is so used,the treating chemical and dirty oil are pumped into it thru the lines l8 and 86. Y A

Thel use to 'which tank F is' put de ends upon the type and condition of the oil eing treated.

` r.It will be noted that, asfar as possibleh the various tanks of the plant are mounted at ,relative levels such that the oil may be passed from one tank to another in the process with- According to the a ove process- I am able to reclaim ractically all of the oil, by volume, contained `1n the viscous and emulsified mass delivered to the plant... As an example, one gallon' ofjdirtyoil at about atmospheric teinperatures weighs about 8 pounds.. `As it is delivered from the plant, its volume :is practically identical (at the same temperature) 'out the necessity of, umping. l

but it weighs only about 7 1,5 pounds. The .one half pounddifference represents, Iof

course, all thel extraneous matter andfheavy solids which have been removed.`

In many cases theoil as delivered'froni the plantvis moresuitable for use 'as a lubri-` cant than the saine oil was when it was originelly er t an many new and unused lubricating oils. Thus, 4it is often advantageous -to treat commercial lubricating'oil according to my new process before the oil isv even'placed in service, not only to remove undesirable metallic soaps butalso to improve its lubricating qualities.' j i Attention is called to thi? fact that certain of the subject matter disclosed and claimed Vherein is also disclosed in my cogending ap'- licatio'n Serial No. 74,949, file December plic'ation, however", being limited topther features.

put into service. Its 'viscosity is highies I claim 1. A lint free reclaimed journal box lubrleatin oil.

2. pparats for reclaiming used journal box lubricatin oilvincludinglin combination, a tank adapte to receive a c arge of oil to be reclaimed, and means for heating the charge in the tank includin aV jacket surrounding the iower portion of t e tank and terminating substantially below the point to which the tank is adapted to be charged, means for admitting water to the jacket and means for heating the water.

3. Apparatus for reclaiming used journal boxl lubricatinv oil including in combination, a tank adaptedJ to receive a charge of oil to be reclaimed, and means for heating the charge in the tank including 'a jacket surrounding thelowerportion of the tank and terminating substantially below the point to which the tank is adapted to be charged, means for admittin water to the jacket and means for heating t e water, together with means for sealing the jacket.

" which 4. Ap aratus for reclaiming used journal box lubrieatin oil includ' in combination, a tank adapte to receive a c arge of oil to be reclaimed, and means for heating the charge in the tank including a jacket surrounding the lower portion of the tank and artiully filled with water so that the level o the water is below the point toA which the tank is adaptedto be charged, and means for heating the water, the jacket being adapted to be sealed.

5. The method of renovating ,contaminated, emulsied, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline solution of sufficient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and-preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, adding water to the mixture and then removingsupernatant oil after subsidence of the mixture.

6. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsified, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating'J the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline solution of sulicient 'strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being cdnducted at a'temperatre above approximately 170 F. and preferab y in the nei hborhood of the boiling pointof water, ad 'ng water to the mixture, agitating the mixture, andV then removing supernatant oil after subsidence of the mixture.

7. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsi'ed, car journal, lubricating oil has been used with waste, which includes treating. the oil by mixing therewith an `alkaline solution of suicientrstrength to f break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neightborhood of the boiling point of water, agitating `'the mixture, and separating renovated `oil from the mixture. o

8. The 'method of renovating contaminated, emulsied, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treatin thel oil by mixing therewith an alkaline so ution of suilieient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatmentbeing conducted at a temperature above approximately 17 0 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, agitating the mixture, mixing water therewith, and Vseparating renovated oil from the mixture.

9. The method of renovating contaminated, emulstied, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes `treatin the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline so ution of snicient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperatnare above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the Ineighborhood .of the boiling point of water, adding water tothe mixture, agitating the mixture, and then separating renov'atedoil from the mixture.

10. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsiied, cai` journal', lubricating oil which hasbeenV used with waste, which includes treatin the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline so ution of suiiicient .strength to break the emulsion and react `with contaminations including lint, the treatment being' conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably .in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, adding'water to the mixture, and then soparat- I ,ingA renovated oil from the mixture.

11. The method of `renovating contaminated, eumlsiied, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treatin the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline so ution of suficicnt strength tobreak the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boilino point of water intermittently agitating the mixture, 'and separating renovated oil from the mixture.

12.' The method of renovating contaminated, emuleied, car journal, lnbricatingoil which has been used with waste, 4which inl cludes treatin the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline so ution of suicient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment bein ,conducted at a temperature above appronmately 170 F. land preferably in the neighborhood of the boilin point of water, intermittently agitating t e mixture, mixing water therewith, and separating renovated oil from the mixture.

j 13. VThe method of renovating contaminated, emulsied, car yjournal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which iincludes treating the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline solution of suilicient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably inthe neighborhood of the boiling point of water, agitating the mixture, mlxmg water therewith, again agitating, and separating renovated oil from the mixture.

14. The method of renovating 'contaminated, emulsified, car journal, lubricating oil which has been usedwith waste, which includes treating the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline solution of sufficient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, intermittentlyl agitating the mixture, mixing water therewith, again agitating, and separating renovated oil from the mixture.

15. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsifed, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline solutionof sufficient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, agitating the mixture with air, and separating the renovated oil from the mixture.

16. The method of renovating contaminated. emulsified, carfjournal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating theoil by mixing therewith an alkaline solution of sufficient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, .the treatment being` conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neigh-` r the mixture'.

17. The method of renovating contaminated. emulsified, car` journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, whi includes treating the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline solution of suflicient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations inclding lint, the treatment being conof the boiling point of water, intermittently agitatng the mixture with air, and separating the renovated oil from the mixture.

18. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsified, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes 4treating the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline solution of suiiicient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, intermittently agitating the mixture with air, mixing water therewith, and separating the renovated oil from the mixture.

19. The method of renovating contaminated. emulsiled, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline solution of sufiicientffstrength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, intermittently agitating the mixture with air, mixing water therewith, again agitating with air, and separating the renovated oil from the mixture.

20. In a method of renovating journal box lubricating oil which has been used with waste, those steps which include dissolving a strong base caustic in `Water and mixing the solution with the oil before the temperature thereof has changed substantially from that produced by dissolving the caustic in the water. *i j 21. In a method of renovating journal box lubricating oil which has been used with waste, those steps which include dissolving a strong base causticfin water and mixing the solution with the oil before the temperature thereof has changed substantially from that produced by dissolving the caustic in the water, the oil, at the time of mixing,being substantially at the same temperature.

22. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsified, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes mixing the oil with an alkaline solution of sufficient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, and separating renovated oil from the mixture. j

23. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsiied, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline solution of suiiicient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment bein conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, and

separating renovated oil from the mixture.

:24. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsiiied, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with Waste, which includes mixing theoil with an alkaline solution of suliiciet strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, intermittently agitatin the mixture, and separating renovated oil om the mixture.

25. In a method of renovating contaminated, emulsiiied, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, those steps which include treating the oil by mixing therewith an alkaline solition of suliicient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of Water, and cooling the mixture in the upper portion first.

26. In a method such as defined in claim 23, the step of permitting the temperature to drop somewhat below treating temperature before separating the oil from the mixture.

27. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsiied, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes mixing the oil with an alkaline solution of suiiicient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, agitatng the mixture, and separating renovated oil from the mixture.

28. The method of renovating containinated, emulsified, car journal, lubricating oil which has been usedl with waste, whichv includes mixing the oil with an alkaline solution of sufiicient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, agitating the mixture with air, and separating renovated oil from the mixture.

29. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsified, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes mixing the oil with an alkaline solution of sufficient strength to break the emul-l sion and react with contaminations including lint, intermittently agitating the mixture with air, and separating renovated oil from the mixture. n

30. In a method of renovating contaminated, emulsifed, c ar journal, lubricating oil which has been ,used with waste, thosesteps which include mixing the oil with an alkaline solution of suilicientv strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, mixin water therewith, and separating renovate oil from the mixture.

31. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsified, car journal, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating the `oil bygmixing therewith an alkaline solution ofl sucient strength to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducte at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neigh- 1 nated, emulsified, journal box lubricating oil which has been used with waste, the step which involves mixing the oil with an alkaline solution of strength sulicient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the mixing being carried out with the solution and the oil at a temperature approximately between 170 YF. and 200 F.

33. In a method of renovating emulsified,

contaminated, journal box, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, those steps which include treating theV oiln by mixin therewith an alkaline solution of strengt suliicient to break the 4emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, an mixing water therewith at a temperature approximately the same as that of the mixture being treated. 34;, T he method of renovating emulsified, contaminated, journal box, lubricatin oil which has been used with waste, whic includes mixing the oil with a strong base caustic solution, the caustic being from 3% to 6% of the oil b weight.

35. Thefmet od of renovating'emulsified, contaminated, journal box, lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes mixing the oil with a strong base caustic solution, the caustic being from 20% to 25% of the solution by weight.

36. The method -of renovating contaminated, emulsitied, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of an alkali in water, the strength of which is suiiicient to break the emulsion-and react with contaminations including lint. 4 37. lint-free journal box lubricating oil, reclaimed from contaminated journal box lubricating oil which has been used with waste.

38. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsiied, car journal lubricating oil which-has been used with waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of an alkali in water,

the strength of which is sufficient to break the emulsion and react with ,contaminations includin'g lint, and adding water to the mixture'. v

39The method of renovating contaminated, 'emulsied, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of an alkali in Water, the strength of which is sufiicient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, and adding water to the mixture.

40. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsiiied, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with Waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of an alkali in water, the strength of which is sufficient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, adding Water to the mixture, and agitating the mixture after the addition of Water thereto.

41. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsified, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with Waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of an alkali in water, the strength of which is suicient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, adding Water to the mixture, and agitating the mixture after the addition of Water thereto.

42. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsied, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with Waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with the stren h of which is sulicient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint and intermittently agitating the mixture.

43. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsified, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of an alkali in water, the strength of which is sutiicient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferabl in the neighborhood 0f. the boilinfr point o Water, and intermittently agitating the mixture.

44. The method of renovatingcontaminated, emulsified, car journal lubricating 011 which has been used with waste, vvhich 1ncludes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of an alkali in water, the strength of which is sufficient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations 1ncluding lint, and agitating the mixture with air.

45. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsified, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which ina solution of an alkali in Water,V

cludes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of an alkali in Water, the strength of which is suicient to break the emulsion and reactwith contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted ata temperature above approximately 17()0 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boiling point of water, and agitating the mixture with air.

46. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsied, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with Waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of an alkali in Water, the strength ofe Which is suicient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations `.including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately`170 F. and preferabl in the neighborhood of the boiling point o water and intermittently agitating the mixture with air.

47. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsiied, car journal lubricating oil Which has been used with Waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of caustic soda in water, the strength of which is suliicient to break the y.emulsion and react with contaminations includin lint.

4 8. "he method of renovating contaminated, emulsied, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with Waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of caustic soda in water, the strength of which is suiiicient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at ta temperature above approximately 170 F. and preferably in the neighborhood of the boilin oint of Water.

49. gflie method of renovating contaminated, emulsified, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with Waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of caustic soda in'vvater.y the strength of which is sufficient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, and adding water to the mixture.

50. The method of renovating contaminated, emulsified, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with Waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of caustic soda in water, the strength of which is suicient to break the emulsion and react With contaminations including lint, the treatment being condrcted at a temperature above approximately 170C F. and preferably in the nei hborhood of the boiling point of water, an adding water to the mixture.

51. As a new product, lint-free journal box lubricating oil, reclaimed from emulsified, contaminated, car journal lubricating oil which has been used with Waste, by intimately contacting the contaminated oil with a solution of an alkali Yin water the strength of which is sulcient', to break the emulsion and K react with contaminations including lint, and 5 then separating the oil from the mixture.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

LEONARD D. GRISBAUM.

contacting the contaminated oil with a solution of an alkali in water the strength of which is sufficient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, and

then separating the oil from the mixture.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

LEONARD D. GRISBAUM.

CERTIFICATE or connection.

Patent No. 1,791,473. Granted February 3, 1931, to

LEONARD D. GRISBAUM.

it is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 6, strike out linee 2 and 3, comprising present claim l, and insert the following claim l:

l, The method of renovating contaminated, emnlsifiedL carjournal l lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of "an alk'iilifin water,

, the strength of which is sufficient to break the emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, fthe treatment lbeing conducted vat a temper ature above approximately F. and preferably in the neighborhoodof the boiling point of water.;

and that the said Letters 4Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 3rd day of March, A. D. 1931.

M. J. Moore, s

(Seal) Acting Connnissioner of Patente.

CERTIFICATE 0F CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,791,473. Granted February 3, 1931, to

LEONARD D. GRISBAUM.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 6, strike out lines 2 and 3, comprising present claim 1, and insert the following claim l:

1. The method oi renovating contaminated, emulsiiiedL car journal lubricating oil which has been used with waste, which includes treating the oil by intimately contacting it with a solution of 'an alklrlin water. the strength of which is sufficient to break lthe emulsion and react with contaminations including lint, the treatment being conducted at a temperature above approximately 170F. and preferably in the neighborhood oi the boiling point of water.;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 3rd day of March, A. D. 1931.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Comissioner of Patente.

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