US1790838A - of berlin - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- US1790838A US1790838A US1790838DA US1790838A US 1790838 A US1790838 A US 1790838A US 1790838D A US1790838D A US 1790838DA US 1790838 A US1790838 A US 1790838A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- pulp
- liquor
- fiber
- wood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 56
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 30
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 30
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 12
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000008565 Pinus banksiana Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241000218680 Pinus banksiana Species 0.000 description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- BVDRUCCQKHGCRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl formate Chemical compound OCC(O)COC=O BVDRUCCQKHGCRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940080350 SODIUM STEARATE Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241000687904 Soa Species 0.000 description 2
- 229940045870 Sodium Palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 2
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium stearate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium sulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulphite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001236 detergent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GGXKEBACDBNFAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GGXKEBACDBNFAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/22—Other features of pulping processes
- D21C3/222—Use of compounds accelerating the pulping processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
- Y10S162/03—Wetting agent
Definitions
- This invention involves the liberation of fiber from raw cellulosic materials, particularly woods of high resin content such-as heretofore considered inferior raw material for the production of pulp.
- a procedure such as described permits the use of soap-formin substance rather than previously prepare soap, as soap may be readily produced in situ in the digester while digestion is taking place. Furthermore, the action of the soap upon the resins facilitates 1927. Serial No. 201,957.
- the soaps which we employ may be straightchain, fatty acid soaps such as sodium oleate, sodium palmitate or sodium stearate, or ringstructure soaps such as rosin soap or the soaps of sulphonated oils.
- fatty acid soaps such as sodium oleate, sodium palmitate or sodium stearate
- ringstructure soaps such as rosin soap or the soaps of sulphonated oils.
- oils orfats such as palm oil, coconut oil, peanut oil, or other fatty acid glycerides or fatty acids which would saponi-fy readily under the conditions prevailing during digestion to produce soap.
- the wood employed as raw material may be of a resinous or highly resinous character, such as jack pine.
- the wood is chipped and then charged into a dige'ster of the usual type employed for alkaline digestion, whereupon the alkaline liquor desired is run into the digester.
- the liquor may be the so-called sulphate liquor consisting essentially of a solution of caustic soda and sodium sulphide, or the so-called soda liquor consisting essentially of a solution of caustic soda. only.
- sufiicient soap or soap solution to produce a soap concentration of 0.3% to 0.4%, basedon liquor.
- the soap concentration may be varied, however, depending upon the resin ontent of the particular wood employed as a raw material, and the extentto which it is desired to deresinify the pulp. Inlieu of,
- soapforming substance such as palm oil
- caustic soda content of the liquor is preferably s ufliciently in excess of the usual content to allow forthe saponification of such soa forming substance.
- the alkali exerts its usual function of dissolvingthe encrusting material from the wood and at the same time the soap reacts upon and disperses resins -which are not reacted on by the alkali and which otherwise would be present in the re-
- the charge is then isulting pulp. If soap-forming substance has beenadded, saponification of such substance takes place quite readily as digestion proceeds, producin soap in situ and effecting the desired deresinlfication of the pulp.
- soap greatly assists the alkali in softening the fiber and in promoting a fiber liberation from the chips. It also effects a detergent effect upon the smaller non-resinous particles usually present in pulp, particularly alkalinedigested pulp, and enhances the bleacha'bility of such pulp.
- the pulp maybe separated from the spent liquor, is by passing such pulp through a washer as usual. Inasmuch as the pulp has been deresinified during digestion,
- the separated spent liquor may be subjected to recovery processing such as usually practised in connection with alkaline digestion.
- the spent liquor is of higher organic or combustible content than usual, owing to the removal of resins from .the wood and the fatty acid grouping of the soap, and hence when concentrated and incinerated in a combined boiler-smelter furnace for the recovery of its valuable sodium constituent gives a higher fuel value. ordinarily.
- the recovery of sodium constituent previously present in the digesting liquor in the form of soap and fiber-liberating chemical may thus be effected in 'one operation.
- peptizing agents such as sodium phosphate, borax, talc, or colloidal 018K may be employed to good advantage in t e digesting liquor, together with the soap, to assist in deresinifyin the pulp.
- woods of high resin content may be converted into pulp satisfactory for papermak- .ess. is practically the same as that necessary 1 in usual alkaline digestion, and the valuable sodium constituent of the soap may be 'recovered alon with the sodium constituent of the fiber-liberating chemicals. Furthermore, deresinification is accomplished under ve'ri'y favorable conditions, as under the influence of heat and pressure such as pre- Vailsduring; digestion, the resin mmtent is believed to exist in a softened or plastic condition, permitting very efiective action by the soap. 4
- a fiber-liberating process which comprises digesting chipped wood under pressure and at elevated temperature in an alkaline liquor of a saponaceous character.
- a fiber-liberating process which comprises digesting chipped wood under pressure and at elevated temperature in an alkaline liquor containing soap and a peptizing agent.
- a fiber-liberating process which comprises digesting chipped jack pine under pressure and at elevated temperature in an alkaline liquor containing soap.
- a process which comprises digesting a resinous wood underlpressure-and at elevated temperature in an al soap, separating the spent liquor from the resulting pulp, and recovering the sodium constituent from the spent liquor. 5.
- a fiber-liberating process which comprises digesting chipped woodin an alkaline liquor containing about 0.3% to 0.4% soap, based on liquor. 6.
- a fiber-liberating process which comprises digesting wood under pressure and at elevated temperature in an alkaline liquor containing a soap-forming substance and sufiicient caustic soda to sa nify such substance and to eflecta liberatlon of fiber from such wood.
- a fiber-liberating recess which comprises digesting chippe wood under pressure and at elevated temperature in an alkaline liquor containing a fatty acid glycende and suflicient caustic soda to saponify the glyceride and effect a liberation of fiber from such wood.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
Patented Feb. 3, 1931 UNITED" STATES PATENT OFFICE GEORG E A. RICHTER AND MILTON O. SCHUR, 0F BERLIN, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNORS 'IO BROWN COMPANY, OF BERLIN, NEW HAMPSHIRE, A CORPORATION OF MAINE FIBER-LIBERATING PROCESS No Drawing.
This invention involves the liberation of fiber from raw cellulosic materials, particularly woods of high resin content such-as heretofore considered inferior raw material for the production of pulp.
In producing pulp from woods of resinous character, alkaline processes of digestion have generally been found more satisfactory than the sulphite process, as the alkali reacts with and dissolves not only the ligneous components of the wood but also a certain amount of the resinous components. There are certain woods so rich in resin, however, that even alkaline digestion does not produce a pulp of suitable quality, the resin content being sufiiciently reacted upon and removed by the alkali. This doubtless may be ascribed to the fact that the resin content of wood I comprises resins both of a saponifiable character and inert resins, perhaps of the nature of polymerized hydrocarbons which survive alkaline digestion and are present in considerable quantity in the resulting pulp. Such residual resins when present in a pulp tend to clog and gum washing cylinders and thickeners and raise havoc withthe wiresv and felts of papermaking machinery, so that woods rich in resin, such as jack pine, although found in abundance, have been employed only to a limited extent for the production of pulp.
We have found that if soap is present in the usual alkaline digesting liquors, the difiiculties heretofore encountered when woods of even a highly resinous character are employed as a raw material are largely eliminated, and a softer pulp having good papermaking qualities produced. While we are unable to account precisely for these results, it is quite likely that the soap component of the digesting liquor disperses or colloidally dissolves unsaponifiable or diflicultly saponifiable resins which the alkali cannot react with and dissolve.
A procedure such as described permits the use of soap-formin substance rather than previously prepare soap, as soap may be readily produced in situ in the digester while digestion is taking place. Furthermore, the action of the soap upon the resins facilitates 1927. Serial No. 201,957.
the resolution of the chips into fiber. The soaps which we employ may be straightchain, fatty acid soaps such as sodium oleate, sodium palmitate or sodium stearate, or ringstructure soaps such as rosin soap or the soaps of sulphonated oils. As soap-forming substance, we may employ oils orfats such as palm oil, coconut oil, peanut oil, or other fatty acid glycerides or fatty acids which would saponi-fy readily under the conditions prevailing during digestion to produce soap.
In practising the process of the present invention, we may proceed along the same general lines followed when practising usual alkaline digestion, but the wood employed as raw material may be of a resinous or highly resinous character, such as jack pine. The wood is chipped and then charged into a dige'ster of the usual type employed for alkaline digestion, whereupon the alkaline liquor desired is run into the digester. I The liquor may be the so-called sulphate liquor consisting essentially of a solution of caustic soda and sodium sulphide, or the so-called soda liquor consisting essentially of a solution of caustic soda. only. To the liquor is then added sufiicient soap or soap solution to produce a soap concentration of 0.3% to 0.4%, basedon liquor. The soap concentration may be varied, however, depending upon the resin ontent of the particular wood employed as a raw material, and the extentto which it is desired to deresinify the pulp. Inlieu of,
adding a prepared soap, we may add soapforming substance, such as palm oil, in
amount sufficient to produce the desired soap concentration, and when this is done, the
caustic soda content of the liquor is preferably s ufliciently in excess of the usual content to allow forthe saponification of such soa forming substance. gested under pressure and atelevated temperature until a fiber liberation has been effected, as is customary inalkaline digestion. During digestion, the alkali exerts its usual function of dissolvingthe encrusting material from the wood and at the same time the soap reacts upon and disperses resins -which are not reacted on by the alkali and which otherwise would be present in the re- The charge is then isulting pulp. If soap-forming substance has beenadded, saponification of such substance takes place quite readily as digestion proceeds, producin soap in situ and effecting the desired deresinlfication of the pulp. The
soap greatly assists the alkali in softening the fiber and in promoting a fiber liberation from the chips. It also effects a detergent effect upon the smaller non-resinous particles usually present in pulp, particularly alkalinedigested pulp, and enhances the bleacha'bility of such pulp.
'After digestion, the pulp maybe separated from the spent liquor, is by passing such pulp through a washer as usual. Inasmuch as the pulp has been deresinified during digestion,
no difliculty is experienced due to gumming of the washingcylinders; nor does such pulp do mischief to thickeners or papermaking machinery with which it subsequently contacts.
The separated spent liquor may be subjected to recovery processing such as usually practised in connection with alkaline digestion. The spent liquor is of higher organic or combustible content than usual, owing to the removal of resins from .the wood and the fatty acid grouping of the soap, and hence when concentrated and incinerated in a combined boiler-smelter furnace for the recovery of its valuable sodium constituent gives a higher fuel value. ordinarily. The recovery of sodium constituent previously present in the digesting liquor in the form of soap and fiber-liberating chemical may thus be effected in 'one operation.
When a highly resinous wood such as jack pine is employed raw material, peptizing agents such as sodium phosphate, borax, talc, or colloidal 018K may be employed to good advantage in t e digesting liquor, together with the soap, to assist in deresinifyin the pulp.
I3y the process of the present invention, woods of high resin content may be converted into pulp satisfactory for papermak- .ess. is practically the same as that necessary 1 in usual alkaline digestion, and the valuable sodium constituent of the soap may be 'recovered alon with the sodium constituent of the fiber-liberating chemicals. Furthermore, deresinification is accomplished under ve'ri'y favorable conditions, as under the influence of heat and pressure such as pre- Vailsduring; digestion, the resin mmtent is believed to exist in a softened or plastic condition, permitting very efiective action by the soap. 4
Having thus described our invention, it is evident to those skilled in the art that vari ous changes might be resorted to without departing from its spirit or scope as defined in the appended claims.
What we claim is 1. A fiber-liberating process which comprises digesting chipped wood under pressure and at elevated temperature in an alkaline liquor of a saponaceous character.
2. A fiber-liberating process which comprises digesting chipped wood under pressure and at elevated temperature in an alkaline liquor containing soap and a peptizing agent.
3. A fiber-liberating process which comprises digesting chipped jack pine under pressure and at elevated temperature in an alkaline liquor containing soap.
4. A process which comprises digesting a resinous wood underlpressure-and at elevated temperature in an al soap, separating the spent liquor from the resulting pulp, and recovering the sodium constituent from the spent liquor. 5. A fiber-liberating process which comprises digesting chipped woodin an alkaline liquor containing about 0.3% to 0.4% soap, based on liquor. 6. A fiber-liberating process which comprises digesting wood under pressure and at elevated temperature in an alkaline liquor containing a soap-forming substance and sufiicient caustic soda to sa nify such substance and to eflecta liberatlon of fiber from such wood. v
7. A fiber-liberating recess which comprises digesting chippe wood under pressure and at elevated temperature in an alkaline liquor containing a fatty acid glycende and suflicient caustic soda to saponify the glyceride and effect a liberation of fiber from such wood.
In testimony whereofwe have aflixed our signatures,
' GEORGE'A. RICHTER.
MILTON O. SCHUR.
v aline liquid containing sodium base compounds and a SOdlllIIl base
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1790838A true US1790838A (en) | 1931-02-03 |
Family
ID=3421108
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1790838D Expired - Lifetime US1790838A (en) | of berlin |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1790838A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2651571A (en) * | 1948-06-26 | 1953-09-08 | Howard E St John | Alkaline treating method for obtaining ramie and other fibers |
US3932207A (en) * | 1972-03-06 | 1976-01-13 | Societe De Promotion Et D'exploitation Industrielles De Procedes De Brevets S.A. | Process for obtaining cellulose from ligno-cellulosic raw materials |
US4135967A (en) * | 1969-09-26 | 1979-01-23 | Societe Generale De Brevets Industriels Et Ohimiques | Process for producing cellulose pulp by solid phase digestion |
US20100038043A1 (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2010-02-18 | Sharoyan Davit E | Pulping Additives for a Reduction of Resin from Kraft Pulp |
-
0
- US US1790838D patent/US1790838A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2651571A (en) * | 1948-06-26 | 1953-09-08 | Howard E St John | Alkaline treating method for obtaining ramie and other fibers |
US4135967A (en) * | 1969-09-26 | 1979-01-23 | Societe Generale De Brevets Industriels Et Ohimiques | Process for producing cellulose pulp by solid phase digestion |
US3932207A (en) * | 1972-03-06 | 1976-01-13 | Societe De Promotion Et D'exploitation Industrielles De Procedes De Brevets S.A. | Process for obtaining cellulose from ligno-cellulosic raw materials |
US20100038043A1 (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2010-02-18 | Sharoyan Davit E | Pulping Additives for a Reduction of Resin from Kraft Pulp |
US8052840B2 (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2011-11-08 | Hercules Incorporated | Pulping additives for a reduction of resin from Kraft pulp |
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