US1790781A - Injection nozzle - Google Patents

Description

A. WINTON Y INJECTION 'OZZLE4 Filed AprilV 16, 1928 Mug 4 Feb. 3, Y I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALEXANDER WINTON, OF LAKEWOOD, OHIO INJECTION NOZZLE Application illed April 16,

This invention relates to fuel injection nozzles for hydrocarbon motors of the solid fuel injection type.

Particularly in small sizes of such en ines,

the mechanical problems involved in orming nozzle injection openings of suitably small size and accuracy are very considerable.

An object of my invention is a nozzle design-wherein the injection opening area thereof may be as small as desired and yet very accurately and comparatively easily produced. f

More specifically, instead of attempting to provide the usual minute cylindrical opening i5 as by means of a jewelers drill or needle, I provide a relatively larger opening as-with a drill of sufficient size that the openin may be accurately made; and reduce the e ective opening to provide the desired passage area by inserting therein a rod which may be easily and accurately made, and 'properly calibrated to give the proper net lnjection passage area.

Thus that portion of the rod member positioned in the opening of said nozzle may very Y' nearly loccupy the nozzle opening in transverse dimension, yet have a minute clearance therefrom, the clearance providinga passageway 'defined by said parts and of endless linear sectional characteristic; that is, in section the effective passage will be an endless line the transverse dimension of which may by proper proportioning of the parts, be madelto approach zero substantially as closely as desired. Y

The exact nature of my invention together with further objects and improvements therein will be apparent from the following description taken dn connection with the accompanying drawings in which Fig. l is a sectional view through an injection nozzle and its immediately adjacent parts constructed vaccordingJto my invention, the drawing being drawn to a scale much larger than the minimum size to which I have been able to work; Fig. 2 is a detail still further enlarged over the showing of Fig. 1, of the combustion chamber yend of the same nozzle; and Fig. 3 is a'section as in the plane of line 3 3, Fig. 1, but correspondingly enlarged.

1928. Serial No. 270,491.

With reference now to the drawings, 1 is a portion of the cylinder wall of a hydrocar- 1 bon motor designed forV operation on a solid fuel injection cycle and havinga through opening to fit a cylindrical plug member 2. The member 2 has a head portion-3, a taper portion 4 fitting a taper in the cylinder Wall, threads 5 fitting threads in the cylinder wall opening and a nozzle portion 6 closely fittingA the opening in the-cylinder Walland-termi nating in a face 7 lying generally in the lane of the face 8 of the cylinder wall which orms one of the confines of the combustion chamber of the engine. The member 2 is bored, counter-bored and internally threaded as indicated, the headend of the member being adapted to have connection as vby means of the bolt 9, with a fuel supply pipe 10.

The member 2 has for a greater part of its extremity a central bore 11 of relatively large diameter but at its nozzle end is necked down as at 12 and provided with a smaller opening 13 Veryaccurately drilled out to the pro er diameter.` The proportions are prefera ly such that the longitudinal dimension of the neck 12 is approximately that of the diameter of the bore 13,-since increasing this dimension unduly increases tendency to clogA and diiculties of` alignment, and decreasing this dimension makes the structure unduly subject to wear.

The member 2 has midway of its length threads 14, and itting therewithin a plug 15 having a transverse slot 16 at its head end, an axial o ening 17, and longitudinally extending mil ed slots 18 spaced about its periphery.

A rod 19 isprovided as indicated having a short bend 2() at its head end fitting the slot of the plug 15 and extending through the opening .13 of the nozzle. The rod 19 may be simply a piece of steel Wire but at least that portion thereof `extending through the opening 13'is quite cylindrical and very accurate as to dimension. For agiven diameter of opening 13, therefore, by providing the proper diameter of rod inserted in the opening, a cylindrical annular nozzle passage of fvery accurately determined passage area is produced, and it will be apparent that the passage will be defined by the relation of the parts rather than bytheir absolute dimensions and may, therefore, be

of endless linear sectional 4characteristic as vdescribed above. The rod may beloose in the plug 15 as well as in the opening 13, and

the plug and rod are retained in the nozzle by the usual head 2l secured on the end of `the tube 10 and prevented from withdrawal by the nut 9.

Operation will be as follows. Fuel enter' ing the nozzle by way of the tube 10 may flow past the plug 15 by way of the grooves 18,

thence along the annular passage between the rod 19 and the bore 11 and to the opening 13.-

Upon the proper injection pressure this fuel will be violently injected into the combustion chamber by way of the annular passage within the neck 12, the -rod end automatically assuming under such conditions a central position in the opening 13.

As has already been stated, by themeans described a very minute injection passage may be formed quite accurately, and as will be well understood by one familiar with the art great' accuracy ofdimen'sion at this point is necessary for efficient results.

What I claim is:

Fuel injection means of the'class described, v

comprising a plug member adapted for in- 'sertionin the combustion chamber wall of av hydrocarbon motor and having a through.

opening terminating in a nozzle portion, a plug-fitting 1n said opening and' havmg a lony gitudinal slot, a central opening and a transverse slot, and a rod member having a portion extending through said plug opening'and kvinto said transverse "slot, and having a-portion extending into said nozzle portion,

whereby a passage opening is. defined by the clearance between said nozzleA portion and the rod portion therewithin, said rod is maintained against rotation by engagement with said transverse slot, and passageway is had along said longitudinal slot.

In testimony whereof I hereby atlix` my signature.

ALEXANDER WINTON.

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