US1790481A - Dttst and soot separator - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 27, 1931 H. B. MELLER ET AL DUST AND SCOT SEPARATOR Filed-July 14, 1927 2 Sheets$heet 2 FIG. 2

INVENTOR m 0 W mm W m M w Bu K UI T T a H their amrpeq Patented Jan. 27, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY B. HELLER AND STEHMAN A. BOCKIUS, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA DUST AND SOO'I' SEPARATOR This invention relates to a dust and soot separator, which is designed primarily for insertion in the flue between a furnace and a smoke stack for removing the solid constituents of the smoke, but which may be used in various other connections.

For the removal of solid particles, such as the carbon black of smoke and dust of various sorts, it is possible to precipitate the particles by providing areas of relative quiet, so that the particles entrained by the carrying gases may be checked and permitted to settle. In utilizing such method, which is for many purposes the most desirable, it is also important to remove the particles from the gas stream immediately on their precipitation, so that they may not be again entrained and carried along.

While it is obviously'possible to permit the settling of dust and soot by discharging the same into a settling chamber of relatively great area, this is for many purposes impractical. In many such connections it is necessary to provide a separator which occupies a relatively small area, and also in many connections to provide a separator which operates at relatively low power.

Where the dust andsoot separator is used in conjunction with a furnace it is desirable that the separator be of such form and arrangement as to produce a minimum draft reduction, and it is also desirable that the separator operate efiiciently under various draft conditions in the furnace, with'cons'equent variation in the speed and volume of gases passing through the separator.

One object of the invention is to provide a baflie element so formed that it produces,

when interposed in the gas stream, an area of quiet capable of permitting the precipitation of particles entrained by the gas stream.

Another object of the invention is to so arrange a battle or baflies of this nature in a dust and soot separator that the precipitated particles are immediately removed from the zone of gas flow into an area of permanent quiet.

Another object of the invention is to provide a dust and soot separator which does not materially detract from the draft through a furnace and stack, and which operates efficiently with variations in such draft.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a dust and soot separator which is compact, simple, and which may be readily cleansed of the accumulation of material collected therein.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a central vertical sectional view; Figure 2 is a horizontal section, taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Figure 3 is a horizontal section through a nest of the final bafi le elements,

which is slightly modified over the nest of such elements shown in Fig. 2; and Figure 4 is a similar View of a still further modification in the nest of final baffle elements.

In the drawings the reference numeral 1 designates the main or outer casing of the device, which has therein an inlet opening 2 for attachment in the flue of a furnace, or other source of air, or other gas, having solid particles entrained therewith. Within the outer casing 1 is a curved wall 3, which together with the outer casing provides a curved passage 4;. Extending inwardly from the outer casing l, and each forming an angle less than a right angle therewith, are a plurali'ty of bafiie members 5. As the gases pass through the duct or passage 4 approximately in the path indicated by the arrows therein, solid particles are thrown outwardly toward the inner surface of the main casing 1, and into the pockets or quiet areas formed by the battles 5. It should be noted that the baffles both decrease the effective area of the passage 4:, and also cause areas of relative quiet adjacent the interior surface of the main casing. The solid particles thrown outwardly into the quiet areas formed by these battles, are not therefore picked up and carried along after their deposition, but tend to fall through apertures 6, adjacent the baiiles into the collecting and discharge portion 7 of the separator. As the chamber of the collecting and discharge portion 7 provides an area of permanent quiet, the deposited particles are not again entrained, but remain in the chamber until discharged therefrom.

From the passage 4 the gas passes out through an aperture 8 in the inner wall 3, and traverses a nest 9 of additional suitably arranged bathles. This baihe nest 9 comprises a plurality of angular bafile members 10, which are attached at their upper extremities to aplate 11. The nest is, however, provided with no floor, or lower plate, so that it opens downwardly into the-oollecting?v and discharge portion 7 of the separator.

It will be noted that each of the balhe'mern bers 1O comprisestwo-legswhichform with each other an interior angle of less than ninety degrees. As shown in Figure 2 0i the": drawings, the nest 9 com arises four rows 12,

13, 14, and 15 of the ba eelements lm The bathe elements lO of the several rows are so sta gered with respect to the elements of other'rowsthat there is no appreciable direct line of gas how through the nest, the gas coming into contact successively with the bathe elements of the successiv'erows or entering theq'uiet areas forined'by the pockets thereof.

Gas entering the balhe nest thus enters the pockets formed by the bathe elements of the row 12; and due't'o the area oi relative quiet formedby'these h'afi'les loses entrained solids which are precipitated into the chamber Other portions of the gas stream enter the pockets formectby the bathe element's of the row lgtand solids are'al'so precipitated'from this row into the collecting chamber. This action continues thro'ughoutthe entire extent of the haflle nest to produce a continued precipitation of particles.- The number of rows provided depends upon the use to which the separator is to be put, and the total percentage of separation which is desired, A greater or lesser number of rows may therefore be employed without otherwise altering the structure of the'b'alhes, or of the separator as a' whole.

It may be noted that the total efiective area between the bathe elements 10" of any rowis slightly greater than the effective area inthe passage a. Under some conditions the slight decrease in the velocity of gases thus produced is desirable in facilitating the deposition of entrained particles. It should be understood, however, that under certainconditions of use it may be desirable to provide: an effective area for gas passage in each baihe row which is equal to or greater than the efiective area in the passage at. I

After passing through the bathe nest 9, the gasstream enters hue chamber 16, from which it passes to the stack or other outlet. The relatively abrupt decrease in the velocity of how as the gases enter this chamber, tends to'cause the deposition otthe last remaining and finest particles carried by the gases, which are precipitated to the floor 17 of the chamber. As such particles may be again picked up it maybe desirable to provide athin coating of suitable adhesive material on: this floor 17 Figure 3 of the drawings illustrates a bathe nest in which baihe members of form similar to those previously described are also similarly arranged. This modified form of nest, however, comprises an additional row 18 of bathe elements as well as the four rows 12a, 18a, 14a, and 15a corresponding to the four rows of hafiieelements shown in Figure 2f Thishnal row'of bafi'le'eleme'nts provides an' additional precaution against the continnedentrainment of the' particles which may be less readily separated from the gas stream during its passage through the preceding elements of the separator.

Figuret of the dl'awings shows a baihe nest comprising staggered rows of baiheele- Hl'GHtS 19, which arecurved" in crosssectien, and have the pockets formed thereby presented counter to the general: direction of flow ofth'e" gas stream; The pocket bahle's previously described provide their pockets by means of two legs'meetingto formantinterior'angleof less-than ninety degrees which hasbeen foundfto be'the most'efiieient under certain conditions of use". Itshould be understood, however, that'thepoclrets, produc ing the'quiet area effect may beohtained by means ofbah'les whose'le s meet' at a' greater:

angle, by thecurved baflies as shown" in Figure 4 oi the drawings, or by'any'otherform of bathe providing a pocket to produce an area of'quiet. I v

It should be understood that not only the number of rows of baflle elements 10 comprised in the bathe-nest 91nay' be varie'dibut that the number of bathe elements 5- inthe gas passage 4 mayal'so lie-varied. Eitherof these variations depends uponthe conditions of use of the'separator, and may bedetermined for standardization of the' separatorfor various uses by general experiment, without alteration in-the general term or arran ement of the separator.

he general theory of'tlie'separator of the presentinvention'i's to provide areas of'rela tive quiet for the'preeipitation of ent raineth particles, by the use of pocket battles; and toremovesuch' particles beyond the-gasstream by which they were entrained h-ef orethey can be again picked up and carried along.

The device and the method of the present invention may be employed in various other connections as well as in the hire of a furna'ce. Foren'ample, they may be employed in separating and collecting cement dust, grain dust, metallic dust, ore dust, or carbon black from a d'ecomposingturnace; In the latter instance the present invention may beemp'lbyed with particular advantage because the separator'is' capable of collecting the car-- bon black at the relatively high temperature at which it issues from the furnace; It" may also be used'to secure dust free airin laboratories and the like In all such uses where the temperature of the gases and the general conditions permit, it may readily be combined with a water curtain, or similar means now invuse.

If-desired, portions of the separator, or the entire interior thereof may be coated with an adhesive substance to which fine particles 7 will readily adhere.

What we claim is: 1. In a dust and soot separator, a casing having a curved passage for gases to produce a centrifugalizing effect thereon, at least one pocket battle in said passage, the bottom wall of the passage having an orifice therein adjacent said pocket baffle, and a baflie element comprising a plurality of rows of baffle members at the discharge opening from said passage, the baffle members of adjacent rows being in mutually staggered arrangement.

2. In a dust and soot separator, a casing having apassage for gases therein, at least one pocket baffle in said passage, the bottom wall of the passage having an orifice therein adjacent said pocket bafile, and a bafile element comprising-a plurality of rows of baflie members at the discharge opening from said passage, the baflie members of adjacent rows being in mutually staggered arrangement.

3. In a dust and soot separator, a casing having a curved passage for gases to pro-' duce a centrifugalizing efiect thereon, at least one pocket bafiie in said passage, the bottom wall of the passage havingan orifice therein adjacent said pocket baflie, and a baifie element comprising a plurality of baffle members at the discharge opening from said passage, said battles being so positioned with respect to said curved passage as to stand substantially perpendicular to the line of travel of the gases which move from the passage.

4. In a dust and soot separator, a casing having a passage for gases therein, at least one pocket bafile in said passage, the bottom wall of the passage having an orifice therein adjacent said pocket bafiie, and a bafl le element comprising a plurality of baffle members within the discharge opening from said passage, and said bafiles being so positioned with respect to the gas passage of the casing as to stand substantially perpendicular to the line of travel of the gases moving from said passage.

In witness whereof, we hereunto set our hands.

HARRY B. MELLER. STEHMAN ALBERT BOCKIUS.

Images