US17893A - Arrangement of valves and passages to the cylinders of steam-engines - Google Patents

Description

i To all whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

JOHN A. REED, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

ARRANGEMENT OF VALVES AND PASSAG-ES TO THE CYLINDERS 0F STEAM-ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,893, dated July 28, 1857.

Be it known that I, J OHN ANDREW REED, of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Arrangement of Valves and Passages for the Induction, Cutting off, and Eduction of Steam to and from the Cylinders of Steam-Engines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which Figures 1 and 2, are central sections at right angles to each other of one of the cylinder heads and a portion of the cylinder of a steam engine having my invention applied. Fig. 3, is an inside face view of the cylinder head. Fig. 4 is a view corresponding with Fig. 3, of the induction valve which is also the cut-off, detached from the cylinder head. Fig. 5, is a similar view of the eduction valve.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre sponding parts in the several figures.

'.This invention consists in a certain arrangement of annular puppet valves applied directly within the cylinder heads of a steamengine, by which, owing to the valves being brought close to the inner surfaces of the cylinder heads waste of steam between the valves and cylinder is obviated and by which at the same time a large area of eduction passage is obtained and a quick full opening of induction and eduction ports provided for.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A, represents the engine cylinder, which is supposed to be of the oscillating kind, having on one side a assage a, a, leading from the trunnion B, all along one side for the induction of steam to both ends, and a passage 1), 1), leading from the other trunnion C, for the eduction of steam from both ends of the cylinder. The same construction of the cylinder serves for a stationary cylinder, except that in place of being provided with trunnions B, C, the induction and eduction steam pipes are to be connected with rigid joints at the places now occu ied by the trunnions or at any part of the ength of the induction and eduction passages a, a, and

D, is the upper cylinder-head, havlng 1n 1ts mner face two annular recesses e, e, and

i f, f, the former, which is surrounded by the face cut away on opposite sides to the extent of about two fourths of the circumference, (as shown at c, c, Fig. 4,) and the seat of the said valve is cut away to the same extent, (as shown at g, g, in Fig. 3) to allow the valve to be inserted into and removed from its seat without making the cylinder head in two parts, the remaining two fourths of the face of the valve being capable of passing through the recesses c, c, and allowing the valve to be inserted without difiiculty from the inside of the cylinder head. When the valve is passed through the recesses c, c, it is turned a quarter of the way around to bring the two quadrant-shaped parts of its face opposite the similarly formed portions of the seat. In each quadrant-shaped portion of the seat, there is a port it, communicating with an annular passage 01, which surrounds the valve E, and from one side of this annular passage there is an opening 1*, which communicates with the induction passage a, a, that runs up one side of the cylinder from the trunnion or induction pipe B, by which opening 3*, when the engine is in operation, the annular passage 01, is always kept filled with steam that is ready to enter the cylinder by the ports h, h, as soon as the valve E, is raised from its seat; a very slight movement of the valve being sufiicient to admit the full head of steam.

In the seat of the eduction valve F, there is a grooved channel or passage k, that surrounds the said valve, and from one side of this passage there is an opening Z, (see Fig. 1,) which communicates with the eduction passage 6, 1), running up the side of the cyllnder. When during the operation of the engine, the valve F, is at the proper time depressed from its seat, there is a free exhaust from the cylinder through the passage is, and from thence through the opening Z, and passage 6, b, to the trunnion or exhaust pipe O. The opposite cylinder head is to be constructed with a similar arrangement of passages, orts, and valve seats, and fitted with a va ve of similar character.

The induction and eduction valves are opened at the proper times during the operation of the engine by means of any su1table mechanism ap lied to valve stems m, m, and ,n, n, passing through stuffing boxes in the outside of the cylinder-head, each valve having two stems. It is obvious that the induction valve E, is capable of serving as a cutoff, to cut off the steam at various points in the stroke. The mechanism by which the valves are to be operated is not shown, as it forms no part of this invention. Sufiice it to say on this point that such mechanism may be of various Kinds. These valves, being capable of being made to come quite flush with the inner face of the cylinder-heads, without any passages between them and the cylinder, waste no steam.-

They are capable of a full opening by a very slight movement, and admit of very capacious exhaust passages. The induction valve E is nearly balanced in every direction, either when 0 ened or closed. The eduction valve is ba anced laterally by the action of the steam in the passage 7c,-7c, that extends allaround its seat, and is balanced vertically as soon as it is started from its seat so that the steam from the cylinder can get behind it. The valves or either of them may be arranged to open and close in-precisely the opposite directions to those herein above described, without any change in the arrangement of the ports, passages, or openings. This arrangement of two valves possesses the advantage over a single ring valve which has been employed for the induction and eduction of the steam, inasmuch it admits of the oint of cutting-off to to be varied to an a most indefinite extent, while the single ring valve only admits of the same degree of variation as the lap slide valve.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The em loyment in each cylinder-head, for the in uction, cutting off, and eduction of steam, of two ring valves with an arrangement of seats, ports, and passages substantially as herein described.

JOHN A. REED.

Witnesses:

HENRY T. BROWN, WM. TUsoH.

Images