US1787328A - Distributing gear for big hydraulic working machines - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 30, 1930. E. SCHOTTLER 1,787,328

DISTRIBUTING GEAR FOR BIG HYDRAULIC WORKING MACHINES Filed Jan. 8, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l -n r Q 1 AW g @HIH M lNVENTOR ,EmiZ 5cm?" if %/%M za -252220 Dec. 30, 1930. E. SCHOTTLER DISTRIBUTING GEAR FOR BIG HYDRAULIC WORKING MACHINES Filed Jan. 8, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 LUJULUJ l/VVE/VTQR. End SchbZZ'Zer.

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Patented Dec. 30, 1930 'EMIL SjCHT'ILER, OF 'ESSEN-RUTT, GERMANY DISTRIBUTING GEAR FOR BIG HYDRAULIC WORKING MACHINES Application filed January 8, 1930, Serial No. 419,400, and in Germany March 2, 1927.

I have filed application for. patent in Germany on March 2nd, 1927, No. Sch. 81,895 XI/ and on December 7th, 1929, No. Sch. 92,451 VI/80 l and in France 011 December 4th, 1929, No. 285,990 of which the following is a specification.

he invention concerns a distributing gear for those hydraulic machines (cranes, presses, converter devices, etc.) in which the frictional resistance in t e leathercups of the piston valve is so great that direct actuation of the distributing means is impossible and in which likewise the piston valve can be fixed in a central position,

In the known devicesof this kind a large auxiliary piston is-mounted loose on the p ston rod of the distributin slide valve and the auxiliary cylinder is deslgned as a stepped cylinder.

as a. piston in the auxiliary piston, and the pistons therefore owing to their inaccessibility are very difficult to'keep, tight.

The invention aims at remedying this de-L' feet and creating a simpler arrangement 1n-.

auxiliary cylinder into the path of the pis-' ton valve. 1

On the drawing two.constructionalexamplesof the inventlonare sho wn in diagram, Figs. 1 .to 3 illustrating 1n longitudinal section three difi'erent positions of a distrib- 5 utin gear for a hydraulic machine always Wor ing with the same pressure of liguld. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a hy rauhc brickpress working with high and low pressure with a longitudinal section through the distributing gear and 4 Figs. 5 and 6 show thevdistributmg gear in two diflerent positions of the parts.

In a'longitudinal bore of the housing a which serves as distributing cylinder, there is guided a freely suspended piston valve b which projects by a prolongationI from the housing a. The pressure liquid is let in through the pipe 0 terminating 1n the upper ,end of the-housing a; the outflow Ofthe liquid is efiected through the opening d in The, drawback of this arrange- 20 ment is that the piston rod must also work counter directed movement.

the housing a. The opening 0 provided a little below the mouth of the duct 0 is connected by a duct with the working cylinder (not shown). The opening e has a branch 6 which ends in the 1011' itudinal bore of the housing a at the level 0 the outflow opento the working cylinder. while the latter is in communication with the outlet d by 'way of the branch 6 and the space between the two bottom parts of the piston. In the middle position of the distributing iston b (Fig. 2) the pipe e is shut oil by the two upper piston parts both from the pressure liquid duct 0 and also from the outflow duct (1. In the bottom end position of the distributing piston b (Fig. 3) the feed duct ais in communication with the duct e by way of the upper free cylinder space, while the middle part of the piston separates the duct 6, e from the outflow opening (1.

At the upper end of the housing a a small cylinder 7 is fixed in the bore of WhlCl'l a freely suspended plunger piston g is guided, the bottom end of which projects from the cylinder and is made so long that in its lower end position it is in contact with the free end b of the distributing piston b which is in its middle position (Fig. 2).

In a separate housing It connected up to the pressure duct 0 two bores h, h are provided in each of which a piston z, k is guided. The pistons 11 and k are connected with each other by a rod gear 27 k, in such manner that when the hand lever n is shifted they perform a The bores h and k are in communication with the pressure duct 0 and with each other by a transverse bore h.

The bore h is in communication by a duct 0 with the space above the plunger piston g andthe bore h by a duct 7; with the space below the distributing piston 'b. "The position of the connections 0 and p to the housing It is so selected that in the middle position of the hand lever n and the pistons 11 and is both connections are directly above the plston. v In the position of the hand lever n according to Fig. 1 the spaces below and above the er piston surface th distributing piston b are in communication above the plunger then terminates beneath the piston i so that'the water displaced by the upward forced plunger 03 has been able to escapefthrough the bore h. The pressure duct is separated by the, piston b from the I duct e.

piston is to be actuated,

If now the workin the-hand leve'r'n is s ifted overinto its'position according to Fig. 3. In doing this the piston 11 islowered The space above the lunger g is thus brought into communication y way of the duct 0 and the bores i h h with the pressure duct 0 so that the plunger is forced, into its bottom end position. In doing this it pushes the dis} tributing piston bin front of it.v At the same time, however,- the space below the distributingpiston b has'been put into communication by way of the duct p with thefree space beneath thepiston k-so that the water lying beneath the piston 12 flows out and the pressure liquid entering through the duct 0 above the piston?) forces this piston into'the bottom end position shown in Fig. 3. The working cylinder nowre'ceives water under pressure from the duct 0 by way of the space above the upper part of the piston 12 and the duct connected up to e.

If now the working piston is suddenly to be stopped ,in' the position reached, the hand lever 11. is moved over into its position according to Fig. 2 in which the two'pistons i and k occupy their central position. The pressure means now passes byway of the duct 7) below the piston b which in this process is raised until it strikes against the plunger g whichis also still under pressure and is held fixed in its bottom end position. In this position of the distributingpiston b the duct e, a leading to the working cylinder is shut oflf b the two upper parts of the piston b so that the working piston mus'tremain immovable.

In order to secure the effect as described the piston iace of the plunger 9 is made somewhat greater than the difference of the active facesof the piston 12. b

Instead of a plunger piston g a simple piston may also operate in the cylinder f projecting downwards from the cylinder by means of a piston rod. Furthermore the aux- .iliary distribution gear h,z', killustratedmay while the piston it rises.

which plate there is the mould u and a top back support a. r s, t is a pressure converter which converts the existing liquid pressure into high pressure. The pressure duct 6 leading to the press is connected by a branch (plunger) 9 and by a second branch 6 with the hollow piston t of the small cylinder 8 of (the pressure converter the large cylinder r of which is connected bya duct 9 with the side a with the space;; abovethe auxiliary piston I of the'handcontrolled device in which the piston z operates. The cylinder 0 of the brick eject-or device is connected by a duct 00 with a separate distributing (control) gear not shown. r

The operation of this arrangement is as follows? In Fig. 4 the distributing gear is shown in the position of rest. The hand lever n is in its middle position and-the pressure liquid flows from the duct c by way of p be Y off the the pressure duct 0. From the large away out of the press'throu h the pipe (duct)] 6, e d. As soon as the wor ing piston of the press u-h'as reached its bottom end position neath thepiston b which it holds in its upper end position. The piston I therefore shuts on cylinder r of the pressure converter the Water 7 flows away through the duct g; the smallcyl' inder'ssinks and a part of the water flows out the plate u can be swung round the-pillar u? until the mould u is beneath the ejector press, the piston of which is actuated by a separate distributing gear,and ejects the brick. Lastly the plate a after the filling of the mould u is again swung" back into shown on the drawing.

If now the lever n is shifted into its position according to Fig. 5 the waterflying below the piston 12 can flow out through the duct p; thedistributing' Piston]; istherefore forced bythe pressure i quid into its position shown in Fig; 5. The pressure liquid can; now ass from the duct 0 into the duct e and from tiiere into the press a which-now presses the brick y. against the top back support to with the pressure existing in'the main duct for example 50 atmospheres.

If then the hand lever be shifted back into its position according to Fig. 4 then the pressure liquid passes out of the duct 0 by way oif-the duct fp once again beneath the piston b which is then again raised; as however the the position water under pressure can only fiow away-out of the pressu'andthe duct 6 when the distributing piston 6 reaches its upper-end position, therefore the plunger 9 isa'lso still under pressure during the upward movement of the piston b. The distributing piston can therefore only be raised to beneath the plunger 9 and must consequently now remain in the middle position .(Fig. 6).

If the hand lever n is thereupon further put into its position according to Fig. 6, the bottom face of the piston 72 remains under pressure. The water under pressure now also flows through the duct 9 into the big cylinder 1 of the pressure converter and drives upward the small cylinder 8 from the piston t of which the Water under pressure, with a pressure corresponding to the conversion, for example 300 atmospheres reaches the press u and the cylinder fby way of the duct 6 The plunger g is therefore now held in its bottom end position by the high pressure and the distributing piston continues immovable in the middle position according to Fig. 6 in which it keeps the duct 6 shut off, so that the high pressure water cannot reach the low pressure duct 0.

As soon as the hand lever n is again shifted back into its position according to Fig. 4 the pressure in the ducts e, e and q disappears and the water again flows away out of the press at and the large cylinder 1'.

It is straightway evident that the hand lever n must be shifted from its position of rest according to Fig. 4 in the first place into the low pressure working position according to Fig. 5, and only then, by way of the position of rest, into the high pressure position according to Fig. 6, if the press is to work with the high pressure. Therefore in each case preliminary pressing is done with low pressure.

I claim 1. In a distributing gear for big hydraulic working machines in combination: a .hydraulically actuated piston valve; hand controlled means to operate said piston valve; an auxiliary piston serving to hold said piston valve in a middle position; said auxiliary piston projecting by its free end into the path of the piston valve; and the cross section of said auxiliary piston being somewhat larger than the difierence of the active faces of said piston valve. I

2. In a distributing gear for big hydraulic working machines in combination: a hydraulically actuated piston valve; a hand controlled device to operate said piston valve; an auxiliary piston serving to hold said p1ston valve in a middle position; said auxiliary piston projecting by its free end into the path of said piston valve; and one side only of said auxiliary piston being controlled by pressure means.

3. In a distributing gear for big hydraulic Working machines in combination: a hydraulically actuated piston valve; a hand controlled device to operate said piston valve; an auxiliary piston serving to hold said piston valve in a middle osition; said auxiliary piston projecting y its free end into the path of said piston valve; a pressure duct leading from the housing of said piston valve to the machine; means for actuating the machine by liquids of different pressure; a high pressure duct connected up to said pressure duct; and a duct connecting the space above the said auxiliary piston up to the said pressure duct.

4. In a distributing gear for big hydraulic working machines in combination: a hydraulically actuated piston valve; a hand controlled device to operate said piston valve; an auxiliary piston serving to hold said piston valve in a middle position; said auxiliary piston projecting by its free end into the path of said piston valve; a pressure duct leading from the housing of said piston valve to the machine; means for actuating the machine by liquids of different pressure; a high pressure duct connected up to said pressure duct; and a duct connecting the space above the said auxiliary piston up to the said pressure duct, said piston valve shutting off said Sigh pressure duct from said low pressure uct.

5. In a distributing gear for big hydraulic working machines in combination: a hydraulically actuated piston valve; a hand controlled device to operate said piston valve and adapted to be shifted into three operative positions; an auxiliary piston serving to hold said piston valve in a middle position; means for actuating the machine by liquids of different pressure; a low pressure duct leading to the housing of said piston valve and to the hand controlled device; and said hand controlled device bein connected in such manner with the spaceieneath said piston valve and with a pressure converter, that inone position of the hand lever only the housing of said piston valve, but inthe second said pressure converter also receives low pres sure, while in a third position both are shut off from said pressure duct.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

EMIL SCHGTTLER.

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