US1785853A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

DeC. 23, 1930. A, J, ASMUSSEN y 1,785,853

' COMPRESSOR Filed June 4, 1928 Patented Dec. 1930 ,UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE AUGUST JVASMUSSEN, lF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T0 DIAMOND TOOL & ENGI- NEERING COMPANY., Av CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN COMPRESSOR Application led June 4,

This invention relates to pumping mechanism and particularly to those types thereof adapted for use in connection with mechanical refrigerating systems, the principal object bein the provision of a new and novel construct1on therefor by which the amount of lubricant passing through the refrigerant circuit with the refrigerant will be mini-V mized.

.Anotherx object is to provide a. mechanism by which the lubricant being returned to the compressor of a mechanical refrigerating system with the refrigerant will be separated out from. the refrigerant and will be fed to the compressor at -a predetermined rate for lubrieating the same.

Another object is to provide a separating chamber in Iconnection with the base of' the compressor of a mechanical refrigeratingsystem and in which the lubricant and gase- 4ous refrigerant being returned to the com pressor from the expansion element will be separated from each other, means being pr`ovided for feeding a predetermined amount of lubricant to the compressor during normal operation ofthe same, and further means being provided for automatically returning to the chamber any excess lubricant that may collect in the compressor.

to like parts throughout the several .different views,-

Fig. 1 is a sideelevation of a compressor constructed in accordance with the present invention, certain parts thereof beingbroken away to show a section of the same as taken in a plane passing through the axis of the cylinder.

Fig. 2 isa fragmentary enlarged vertical i sectional view Showing the valve in the piston head.`

1928. Serial Np. 282,654.

.a I show a compressor having a cylinder 10 cast integrally with the crank case 11. One side of the crank case is provided with an opening 12 to permit the insertion of the crank 13 and is closed by a Wall 14 secured to the crank case by screws such as 15 or other suitable means. The crank 13 has bearing in the wall 14 and also in theL opposite wall of the crank case and has formed thereon the eccentric 16 which is engaged b the 'lower end of the connecting'rod 17.

he upper end of the connecting rod 17 is `connected by the in 18 to the piston 19. The head of the piston 19 is provided with a pair of concentric annular ridges 2O which serve as valve seats, a plurality of openings 21 extend from between the ridges 20 to the lower face of the piston head.y An annular valve member 22 overlying the ridges 2() is adapted to close the openings 21 to the passage of refrigerant on the upstroke of the piston, and is limited in its upward movement on the down-stroke of the piston by means of the screw member 23 threaded into the head of the piston and provided withL the flange 24 which overlies the upper inner surface of the valve member 22. Instead of the usual outlet valve plate between the cylinder and cylinder head which completely separates the cylinder from its head in conventional constructions and thereby necessitates two gaskets in order to effect a proper seal between the cylinder head, cylinder and valve plate, in the 'present construction I bring the cylinder head 25 directly against the cylinder with the interposition of a single gasket 26 only therebetween, and I pro- Ivide a recess 27 dn the lower face of the cylinder head of slightly greater diameter than the bore of the cylinder 10.- In this recess 27 I placey my valve plate 28, which is of the same depth as the recess 27, s0 that .when the c linder head 25 is drawn down onto the cy inder 10 by suitable means (not shown), the gasket 2 6 not only serves to'seal the escape of gas between the cylinder 10 and valve plate 28 but also between the cylinder I10 andcylinder head 25. -By this means a single gasket accomplishes the same result as two gaskets do in conventional construc- I than the conventional constructions.

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Theeplate 28 is provided with a central opening 29 which is normally closed by the valve memberV 30 which overlies the same ,and which is constantly urged to closed po.

sition by means of the coil springV 31 held in compressed condition between" the valve member 30 and the upper wall of the recess 32 in the cylinder head 25. The recess 32 is connected byfsmeans of a passage 33 to a conventional form of valve mechanism 34 from which the gas compressed by the compressor may escape .through the tube 35 to a condenser (not shown). f`/`" The wall 14 for the compressor crank case forms one wall for a chamber 36. Refriger- -ant in the gaseous state is led into the chamber 36 adjacent its upper portion through the tube 37, valve mechanism 38 and passage 39. lrlhe wall 14 adjacent the bottom of the chamber 36 is provided with an opening 40 closed by a plug 41 and the plug 41 at a point above the bottom-of the chamber 36 is provided with a small opening 42. The wall 14 adjacent the top of the chamber 36 'is provided with a relatively large opening 43 and secured to the crank case'side of the wall 14 adjacent the lower edge of the opening 43 and extending upwardly and inwardly of the crank case therefrom is a baille member 44.

In operation the gasified refrigerant from the expansion element of the refrigerating mechanism which is ladened with lubricant is dischargedthrough the passage 39 into the chamber 36 where, because of the volume of the chamber36, its speed is reduced and the lubricant is separated out and deposited in the bottom of the chamber 36. Supposing that the compressor is in operation, the lubricant: in the bottom of the chamber 36 passes through the'opening 42 in the plug 41 and into the. bottom of the' crank case of the compressor where it is picked up and thrown around by the lower end of the connecting rod 17 in order to reach and lu'- bricate the wearing surfaces of the compressor. Some of this lubricant is unavoidably picked up and mixed with the refrigerant which is being passed through .the pistontand being Icompressed above it. The opening 42 is soK proportioned that the flow of lubricant int-o the crank case of the com- 1pressorfrom the chamber 36 is of a proper.

amount to provide the necessary lubrication of the wea-ring surfaces of the compressor- Lacasse ing 42 and be prevented from relcirculating through the system. Also, any sediment,

vscale or like foreign matter that may be present in the compressor will be picked up with,

the ylubricant being returned'to the chamber 36, as described late-r, and there be trapped.

It will be apparent that if the compressor has remained stationary for a suiiicient length of time, any lubricant that may have built lup its level in the chamber 36 will flow through the opening 42 untilthe lubricant-in the chamber 36 and in the crankcase of the compressor has reached an equal level in both places. lf no means ywere provided for returning this excessive amount of lubricant to the chamber`36 upon operationof the compressor, it will be apparent that an excessive amount of'lubricant might find its way into the refrigerant .circulating system. In order the crank case when the compressor is started l lup,-or during normal iperation, .such lubri? cant being thrown around 'by the connecting rod 17 and eccentric 16 will ind its way above the baille 44 and drop into contact with the same and will thus be conducted back into the chamber' 36 through the opening 43 where it will be fed back to the/crank case at the proper rate of feed through the opening 42 to `provide suilicient but not excessive lubrication'for the compressor. I ind that by this means asubstantially minimum amount of lubricant is passed through-the compressor with the refrigerant.`

The crank 13 is provided with the usual flywheel 45 thereon outside of the crank case in order to provide means for transmitting driving effort thereto.v Theshaft between the ily wheel 45 and crank case 11 is sealed against leakage of refrigerant in the following manner: The crank case 11 is provided with a bosscd extension 46 within which the 'crank 13 bears. A. ring member 47 is clamped against the outer end'face of the .portion 46 b v means of the nut member 48 threaded on the extension 46, suitable gaskets being provided between the contacting faces. The ring member 47 has permanently secured thereto a metal bellows 49 to the outer end of which is permanently secured a sleeve member 50 which surrounds the crank 13 and is adapted to bear against the end face of the hardened collar member 51 drawn up against the shoulder 52 on the crank 13 by thethub of the fly wheel 45. The pressure of any gas within the crank case of the compressor that may escape past the bearing of the shaft' 13 to the Abellows 49 iserves to expand the bellows 49 and urge the collar 50 into closer contact with the collar 51,l thereby` making the seal between the same more etlective. rlhe bellows 49 is, of course, placed under an 'initial compression upon assembly so that pressure acts atv all times to maintain the collars 50 and 51 in contact.

Although I have shown a chamber 36 formed as an integral part of the wall 14 for the open side'of the compressor, it will be apparent that this is done for ease and economy of manufacture and thatit may be formed separately therefrom when found ad- A visable or desirable, It will also be apparent that the opening 40de formed in the wall 14 primarily as a means for supporting the core .'for the chamber 36 during casting operations vided for the opening 42.

and that the samemay be dispensed with if desired and the opening 42 formed directly 1n lthe wall 14. i It will also be apparent that a screen` or other filtering means may be pro- Formal changes may be made in the specific embodiment of the invention described without departing from the spirit or substance of the broadfinvention, the scope of which is commensurate with the appended claims.

What Il claim is: 1. In a compressor for refrigerating systems, in combination with a crank case thereof, a container, a wall common to said container and sald crank case, a wall of sald opening connecting the upper portion of said container with said crank case.

2. In a compressor for refrigerating sys-- tems, in combination with a` crank case thereof, a container, awall common tosaid container and said crank case, a wall of said container .having la assage for lntroduclng lubricant laden gasi ed refrigerant into sald container, the first mentioned wall having a restricted opening connecting the lower portion of said container with said crank case,

said first mentioned Iwall having ay larger opening connecting the upper portion of said container with said crank case, and a baffle positioned on the crank case side of sald I x wall adapted to catch lubricant thrown about in said crank case and to return said lubricant ,to said container through said larger openc ing.

3,-In a compressor for refrigerating systems, in combination' with the crank case thereof, a container receiving and separating lubricant laden gasified refrigerant `provided withy an inlet and having an orifice in a Wall thereof connecting the lower portion of said containerA with said crank case, `said. orifice serving to permit a throttled flow of lubricant from saidchamber `to said crank case,

"and said container having a gas-outlet passage in a wall thereof connecting the'upper portion of said chamber with said crank case.

05 4. In a compressor for refrigerating systems, in combination with the crank case thereof, a container into which the lubricant laden gasified refrigerant from an expansion element is led, said container having suflic'ient capacity to separate said lubricant from said refrigerant, said container having a restricted passage in a wall vthereof. connecting the lower part of said container with said crankcase whereby to feed said separated lubricant at a predetermined rate to said crank case during natural' normal operation of said compressor, and said container having a second passage in a wall thereof connecting said container and said crank case for passing said refrigerant to said crank case from said container without material rcstriction in the flow thereof.

5. In a compressor for refrigeratingsystems, "in combination with the crank case thereof, a separating container for lubricant laden refrigerant, said container having separate passages in the walls thereof for separately feeding the separated lubricant and refrigerant in said container to said crank v case, said passage for said lubricant'being of a size to throttle the rate of flow of lubricant therethrough during normal operation of said compressor.

6.' In a compressor for refrigerating systems, in combination with the crank case thereof, a separating container ,forlubricant laden refrigerant, said container having separate passages in the lwalls thereof for separately feedingthe separated lubricant and refrigerant in said container to said crank case, and a plug in said passage for said lubricant having a restricted orifice therein.

7. In a compressor for refrigerating systems, in combination with the crank case thereof, a separating container for lubricant ,laden refrigerant, said container having separate passa es in the'walls thereof for separately fee ing the separated lubricant and refrigerant in said container to said crank case, and a plug in said passage for said lubricant havingI a restricted orifice therein leading from a point spaced above the bottom of said container to said crank case.

8. In combination with a compressor for refrigerating systems, a container in which gasiied refrlgerant is separated from lubricant carried thereby,lsaid container having a substantially unrestricted passage in the upper portion of a wall thereof whereby said refrigerant free of saidI lubricant may be passed to the compressor, and said container having a restricted passage in the lower pori, tion of said wall whereby said separated lubricant may be fed to said compressor at a predetermined rate during normal operation of said compressor. i

9. In combination with a compressor for refrigerating-systems, acontainer in which gasied refrigerant from an expansion element is separated from lubricant carried thereby, said container having a passage in a wall thereof connecting said container and lsaid compressor whereby said gasified refrigs- .erant is freely passed from said container to jsaid compressor, said container having a sec@ ond passage of restricted size in a' Wall thereof connecting sald contalner and said com;

' presser whereby a throttled flow of said hibricant in said container is fed to said compressor, and means for returning excessive amounts of lubricant in "said compressor to said contalner durlng normal operatlon of sald compressor.

AUGUST Jg AsMUssEig.

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