US1783110A - Manufacture of activated carbon - Google Patents
Manufacture of activated carbon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1783110A US1783110A US257540A US25754028A US1783110A US 1783110 A US1783110 A US 1783110A US 257540 A US257540 A US 257540A US 25754028 A US25754028 A US 25754028A US 1783110 A US1783110 A US 1783110A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- manufacture
- capillaries
- carbon
- instance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/354—After-treatment
- C01B32/384—Granulation
Definitions
- the invention has for its object completely to eliminate the serious difficulties of the above-mentioned process.
- This problem is solved in an unexpectedly simple manner by employing for the purpose of activating, a briquetted raw material which has a heterogeneous structure consisting of micro-capillaries' and macro-capillaries, or in which such a structure is produced during the process of activating.
- a briquetted raw material which has a heterogeneous structure consisting of micro-capillaries' and macro-capillaries, or in which such a structure is produced during the process of activating.
- a material which, in addition to the micro-capillaries which form the basis of all activated carbon and more portions of the carbon, so thatthe activation becomes a perfectly homogeneous one.
- the heterogeneous capillary structure can be of course produced in the briquetting mass in any suitable manner, for instance by a purely mechanical process, say by pulling or drawing the briquetting mass to thin filaments which are subsequently woven together such as for instance animal hairs, possess capillaries already.
- any other organic substances can be used, more particularly substances of animal origin, which on being heated or submitted to dry distillation, produce hollow spaces in the mass by becoming gasified.
- the mass obtained in that way is thereupon molded in briquetting machines, carbonized and activated for instance by means of steam at a. high temperature in a known manner.
- the macro-capillaries being of such a slze as to advantages of the existing macro-capillaries be microscopically visible.
- kiln are characterized by the fact that they posses a heterogeneous capillary system, that 'is to say that in addition to the system of micro-capillaries, they have a number of microscopically visible macro-capillaries.
- the pieces discharged from the kiln can be used unaltered in smaller or larger pieces, or after a further treatment such as for instance pulverizing, washing etc.
- Activated carbons manufactured by this process have a higher degree of activity and therefore a greater action in adsorption and in the subsequent expulsion of the adsorbed substances.
- a particular technical and economical advantage is that raw materials such as for instance waste coal etc., which hitherto could not be used for the manufacture of highly activated carbon, can be used with the new process with great success for such purpose.
- the process for the production of activated carbon which comprises forming filamentary passages in agglomerated finely divided carbonaceous material and thereafter treating the carbonaceous material to produce active carbon.
- the process for the production of activated carbon which comprises activating agglomerated masses formed from a mixture comprising finely divided carbonaceous material, a binding agent and filamentary material decomposible by heat.
- the process for the production of activated carbon which comprises agglomerating finely divided carbonaceous material and filamentary material decomposable by heat, heating the agglomerate to decompose the filamentary material and treating the carbonaceous material in the agglomerate to'produce active carbon.
Description
Patented Nov. 25, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE RUDOLF DEFRIS, 0F STOCKERAU, AND ROBERT WALDER, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA MANUFACTURE OF ACTIVATED CARBON No Drawing. 'Application filed February 27, 1928, Serial No. 257,540, and in Austria March 3, 19 27.
It is known to manufacture activated carbon by mixing pulverized carbon-containing materials with suitable binders, by molding them afterwards and by carbonizing at low temperature the briquets thus obtained and by activating them in a known manner, for instance by the action of steam at high temperatures (U. S. A. Patent No. 1,497,543).
This process seemed originally of great importance as it was hoped to be able to use by its means, independently of the val uable raw materials such as for instance charcoal, also inferior materials (peat, brown coal, etc). It has been found, however, that briquets manufactured by the process mentioned, presented the same or even greater difliculties toactivating than those of the activation of large pieces of coal in which, at the moment when the surface portions have been suitably activated, the interior still remains practically inactive, and at the moment when the interior has been activated, the burning away or oxidation on the surface has already made great progress. The increased difficulties offered by the abovementioned process, will become intelligible if it is considered that the raw materials (peat, brown coal) which are softer in themselves, are compressed by the pressure in the briquetting machine to a mass with capillary ducts of the smallest diameter.
The invention has for its object completely to eliminate the serious difficulties of the above-mentioned process. This problem is solved in an unexpectedly simple manner by employing for the purpose of activating, a briquetted raw material which has a heterogeneous structure consisting of micro-capillaries' and macro-capillaries, or in which such a structure is produced during the process of activating. In such a material which, in addition to the micro-capillaries which form the basis of all activated carbon and more portions of the carbon, so thatthe activation becomes a perfectly homogeneous one. By the new process it is therefore possible to obtain within relatively a very short time a perfectly homogeneously activated carbon of the highest degree of activity.
The heterogeneous capillary structure can be of course produced in the briquetting mass in any suitable manner, for instance by a purely mechanical process, say by pulling or drawing the briquetting mass to thin filaments which are subsequently woven together such as for instance animal hairs, possess capillaries already. In the same way however any other organic substances can be used, more particularly substances of animal origin, which on being heated or submitted to dry distillation, produce hollow spaces in the mass by becoming gasified.
In view of the large number of substances available for the purpose in question, it must be left to the expert to select the most suitable ones.
' Ezvample.-Carbon containing material (for instance charcoal) is finely pulverized and mixed in a known manner with a binding medium such as tar or pitch,-with the addition of animal hairs in the approximate proportion of 05-20% by weight. The quantity of these additional substances can vary at will, according as it is desired to produce a greater or smaller number of macro-capillaries in the mass.
The mass obtained in that way is thereupon molded in briquetting machines, carbonized and activated for instance by means of steam at a. high temperature in a known manner.
In place of the steam activation process laries traversing the same as veins, said chemical activation processes can be used, the macro-capillaries being of such a slze as to advantages of the existing macro-capillaries be microscopically visible.
still being retained.
In testimony whereof we aflix our signa- The activated pieces discharged from the tures.
kiln, are characterized by the fact that they posses a heterogeneous capillary system, that 'is to say that in addition to the system of micro-capillaries, they have a number of microscopically visible macro-capillaries. The pieces discharged from the kiln, can be used unaltered in smaller or larger pieces, or after a further treatment such as for instance pulverizing, washing etc.
Activated carbons manufactured by this process have a higher degree of activity and therefore a greater action in adsorption and in the subsequent expulsion of the adsorbed substances. A particular technical and economical advantage is that raw materials such as for instance waste coal etc., which hitherto could not be used for the manufacture of highly activated carbon, can be used with the new process with great success for such purpose.
We claim:
1. The process for the production of activated carbon which comprises forming filamentary passages in agglomerated finely divided carbonaceous material and thereafter treating the carbonaceous material to produce active carbon.
2. The process for the production of activated carbon which comprises forming a mixture comprising finely divided carbonaceous material and a filamentary material decomposable by heat, forming briquets from said mixture and thereafter earbonizing and activating it. a p
3. The process for the production of activated carbon which comprises activating agglomerated masses formed from a mixture comprising finely divided carbonaceous material, a binding agent and filamentary material decomposible by heat.
4. The process for the production of activated carbon which comprises forming a mixture comprising finely divided carbonaceous material and animal hair into briquets, earbonizing said briquets and'thereafter activating them.
5. The process for the production of activated carbon which comprises agglomerating finely divided carbonaceous material and filamentary material decomposable by heat, heating the agglomerate to decompose the filamentary material and treating the carbonaceous material in the agglomerate to'produce active carbon.
6. The process for the production of activated carbon which comprises agglomerating finely divided carbon into a mass having veiny macro-capillaries therein and thereafter treating the mass to activate the carbon.
7. Activated carbon having macro-capil- ING. RUDOLF EFRIS. DR. ROBERT WALDER.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT1783110X | 1927-03-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1783110A true US1783110A (en) | 1930-11-25 |
Family
ID=3688931
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US257540A Expired - Lifetime US1783110A (en) | 1927-03-03 | 1928-02-27 | Manufacture of activated carbon |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1783110A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3891574A (en) * | 1971-11-15 | 1975-06-24 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Hollow spheres of activated carbon and method for manufacture thereof |
| FR2353484A1 (en) * | 1976-06-02 | 1977-12-30 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF CARBON ADSORBANTS |
| US20160354819A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2016-12-08 | Ulrich Bruhnke | Extrusion press for producing flat sheets |
-
1928
- 1928-02-27 US US257540A patent/US1783110A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3891574A (en) * | 1971-11-15 | 1975-06-24 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Hollow spheres of activated carbon and method for manufacture thereof |
| FR2353484A1 (en) * | 1976-06-02 | 1977-12-30 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF CARBON ADSORBANTS |
| US4124529A (en) * | 1976-06-02 | 1978-11-07 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Carbonaceous adsorbents and process for making same |
| US20160354819A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2016-12-08 | Ulrich Bruhnke | Extrusion press for producing flat sheets |
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