US1780624A - Device to insure the bursting of all kinds of bombs in whatever position of impact or fall - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 4, 1930. E. MANZOLINI El AL 1,

DEVICE T0 INSURE THE BURSTING OF ALL KINDS OF BOMBS IN WHATEVER POSITION OF IMPACT OR FALL Filed Nov.

Patented Nov. 4, 1930 meant ET'I'OR-E MANZOLINI, VINOENZO CAPOBIANCO, AND FIOBENZO SCARPONI, OF ROME,

l ITALY DEVICE TO INSURE THE BURSTING OF ALL KINDS OF BOMBS IN v. 10F IMPACZWOR FALL WHATEVER POSITION Application filed November 21, 1928 Serial No. 320,796, and in Italy November 30, 1927.

The present invention concerns a device designed to insure, in whatever position of impact or fall, the bursting of all kinds of bombs and in whatever manner thrown, such as hand-bombs, bombs for bomb-throwers, bombs to be dropped from aircraft, or to be shot by means of bombards, mortars, guns and the like. Hitherto have been used for this purpose movable elements capable of oscillating round a point or edge, in case of shocks or falls in oblique or lateral direction, and of producing during their oscillation the approaching of thestriker to the capsule, thus determining the bursting.

For the same purpose have also been employed one or more auxiliary movable bodies which, by sliding through inertia, in the case of oblique or lateral impact againstsubstantially conical-surfaces terminating movable parts connected to the striker and to the capsule, at the moment of impact, caused the striker to approach the capsule and consequently the projectile to burst.

According to the present invention the same results are achieved, and in a simpler and more efficient manner, by making use for producing the relative approach of the parts bearing the striker and the capsule, of a fluid mass or of a mass formed of loose incoherent granules, and consequently as deformable as afluid mass, contained in a compartment of the projectile, or of the fuse applied to the projectile, having even or curved walls against which, in the case of the impact or fall taking place in an oblique or lateral direction, the fluid mass may exert a pressure having an axial resultant, and by deforming itself causes the displacement thereof and consequently the approach of the capsule and the striker between each other.

In the accompanying drawing, which serves to illustrate the present invention, the latter is shown by way of example as applied to a bomb and to a fuse to be used for bombs or other projectiles, and more precisely.

Figures 1 and 2 show the bomb respectively in diametra-l section and in top view,

f Figures 3 and 4 are similar views of the use.

' As will be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the bomb consists in an external envelope 1 havin g on one side a fixed bottom 2 and closed on the other side by a screw lid 3. On the side of the fixed bottom 2 internally is arranged, in the manner of a double bottom, a movable cover 4, whose cylindrical border 5, running against the inner walls of the envelope, serves as a guide during its axial movement. To the said bottom 4 is applied the tapered point 6 of the striker, the advancement of which, however, is prevented because the cylindrical border 5 rests on the automatic safety pin 7, which passes through holes provided in the envelope 1 and carries eyelet 8, to which is articulated ring 9 which is set on the head of the bomb and is held in place by safety pin 10, capable of being extracted by hand by means of ring 11 and which is set under the other pin 7. A spring 12 fixed on one side to the movable lid 4 rests on the other side on the safety pin 7 and when this is withdrawn, on the other 'pin 10, and, when the latter also is extracted, on the upper bottom 13 of the envelope 14 containing in the explosive charge and carrying the capsule 15.

Between the movable bottom 4 and the fixed bottom 2 remains a free space 16 which is filled with loose, granular, incoherent and heavy material, as for instance iron, lead, or some other metal in grains. v

The working of this bomb and of the'exploding device applied to it is as follows:

Upon having extracted by. hand the first safety pin 10, by pulling ring 11, the bomb;

is thrown and thelarge ring 9 rendered free tilts over and withdraws the second safety pin 7, allowing spring 12 to bear upon lid 13 of the case of the explosive charge, thus holding the striker off the capsule.

If at the moment of the impact, which takes place as a result of the fall, the direction of it is axial, it is the casing with the charge 1 1 which advances towards the striker approaching to it the capsule, or it is the striker which advances towards the capsule, the striker being pushed by the mass of loose material in the compartment 16.

If the impact takes place sideways, for instance in the direction of arrow"m-, the

incoherent material. tending by force of inertia to accumulate and collect in the same direction, pushes the striker axially, pressing on wall 4 towards the capsule. If the impact takes place in an oblique direction,- for instance according to arrow g so as to maintain immovable the casing 141-, the advancement of the striker takes place through the combined efiect of the axial component of the force acting onthe loose material and of the accumulation, towards the left, of the versal component.

It, lastly, the impact takes place in an oblique or slanting direction, for instance according to arrow 2-, so as to produce with its axial component the sliding motion of casing 14 containing the charge, the approaohment of the striker takes 7 place through the combined action of this sliding motion and of the axial sliding of the movable bottom 4, produced by the accumula tiontowards the left of the incoherent material under the action of the transversal component of the impact. 7

As it is seen, with the arrangement disclosed, the bursting is alwaysachieved, whatever be the manner of the tall. 7 The embodiment according to Figures and 4, which shows the device applied to a fuse, whose body 17 is screwed on to the mouth 01" the bomb, is as far as concerns the part which relates to the striker, the movable bottom above which it is applied, and the disposition of the incoherent granular mate-- rial, wholly identical with the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, and on the drawing the same reference numerals are used to indicate corresponding parts; the

only diiference consists in that the capsule 15, instead of being carried by the casing containing the explosive charge, is carried bya heavy sliding body 18 on which rests spring 12 and between which body and the cylindrical border 5 of the movable'bottom are interposed the stop tongues 19 which are taken out after firing the projectile.

' The working takes place in the same manner as already described in connection with the various circumstances of fall considered above.

It is understood that the various types of safety devices have been described only by way or example and they can vary in any manner whatever, since they do not form part of the present invention.

I Thus also the granular and incoherent loose material may be of any kind, the only import antpoint bein that the particles remain al-- ways incoherent andcapable to slide so that the mass behaves in the same-manner as aliquid; moreover, as flowing material may be used alsoa heavy liquid, for instancemercury, the same effects being obtained therewith.

We claim: J

material-due to the trans-i 1. In bombs of all kinds, the combination of a capsule for igniting the fuse, a striker adapted to act on said capsule, a wall carrying I i an incoherent mass of grains of a heavy metal.

3. The combination as specified in claim 1, in which said capsule is carried by a heavy mass also movable in an axial direction so as to participate in the displacement of said capsule, upon the impact taking place.

4. The combination as specified in claim 1,

including a casingcontaining-the explosive charge and movable in an axial direction within the external envelope, said capsule being mounted on said casing so as to take ad vantage also of the displacement of the capsule upon the impact taking place in such a direction as to produce adisplacement of the explosive charge towards said striker In testimony whereofwe have afiixed our signatures this 6th day ofN ovember, 1928.

ETTORE MANZOLINI; v VINCENZ O, CAPOBIANGOL FIORENZO, SG ARPQNI.

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