US1778341A - Nonreverse mechanism for rotary pumps - Google Patents

Description

Cet. 14, 1930.

R. M. SCHLEGEL ET AL NONREVERSE MECHANISM FOR ROTARY PUMPS Filed April 26, 1927 llgup n Patented Oct. 14, 1930 l YUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE RONALD M. SCHLEGEL AND ALFRED. H. BOWLZEE, JB., OFl LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO KIMBALL-KROG-H PUMP COMPANY,` A COB- PORATION OF DELAWARE NONREVERSE MECHANISM FOR ROTARY PUMPS Application led April 26,

Our invention relates to deep-well rotary pumps, and relates particularly to a pump head embodied in such construction.

A common type of deep-well rotary pump consists of a pump section which is located near the lower end of a well. Attached to the pump section and extending upward therefrom is a column pipe which extends to the surface of the ground where a pump head is located. Passing upward from the pump section into the pump head is a shaft, by means of which impellers of the pump section and the column pipe are rotated. Some pump heads for rotary pumps are of the direct-connected type in which the motor is positioned directly above the pump head and is attached directly to the shaft, by meansy of which the impellers are rotated, while other pump heads are driven by gear or belt mechanisms. These belts are driven by means of motors placed a short distance from the pump heads, these motors in some instances being electric motors and in other instances being internal combustion engines. I/Vhen a pump is shut down after a period 4of operation, the column pipe is full of water and this water gravitates back to the lower end of the .well, and in so doing rotates the pump in a reverse direction. In some types of pumps it is found j that the water in passing downward through the column pipe rotates the pump in a reverse direction three or four times its normal speed. In the direct-connected pump heads it sometimes occurs that the-'motor is wired wrong so that when it is supplied with electricity it will drive the pump in the wrong direction. This is quite detrimental to the pump. In the first place,it tends to unscrew the parts of the pump shaft which, if this occurs, necessitates pulling of the. pump from the well. Sometimes the unscrewing of the shaft and couplings cause the upper end thereof to move the rotor through the upper shell of the motor. In the case of a. direct-connected pump, the water iowing downward to the lower end of the well and driving the pump at a high rate of speed tends to throw the bars out of the rotor; and in the case of a belt-driven pump will run the belt olf the pulley, causing' damage to it.

1927. Serial N0. 186,687.

It is an object of this invention to provide a nonreversing attachment for a pump head which prevents the pump from being operated in a reverse direction. v

A further object of the invention is to provide a nonreversing attachment which applies a brake when the pump tends to rotate in the wrong direction.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be made manifest in the following description.

The invention may be best understood by reference to the drawing in which:

Fig. l is a vertical section through a pump head embodying the features of this invention. In Fig. l the parts are shown in the position in which they rest when the rotating part thereof is being rotated in a forward or proper direction.

Fig. 2 is a. fragmentary View of the pump head showing the position of the parts when the rotating part tends to rotate in a reverse or backward direction.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3--3of Fig. l.

Fig. 4; is a fragmentary view illustrating an alternative form of the invention.

In the drawing and particularly Figs. l to 3 inclusive, the numeral 1l represents a pump head body which ordinarily rests at the surface of the ground and has the upper end of a column pipe l2 joined thereto. In communication with the interior of the column pipe 12 is a wat-er chamber 13, and connected to the pump head body 11 is a discharge pipe le which is in communication with the chamber 13. Extended upward from the pump section (not shown) which is at the bottom of the well, is a pump shaft l5. This pump shaft projects through a stufling box I6 and has an adjustment nut 17 screwed on the upper end thereof. Surrounding the upper end of the pump shaft l5 below the adjustment nut 17 is a spindle I8. This spindle 18 is rotatably supported by a radial bearing 19 and a thrust bearing 20, which bearings are supported in a bearing chamber 2l provided by a bearing housing 22. The bearing housing 22 is supported by an upper face of the body l1. The spinf in the drawing is driven by arpulley 28 over rfi which a belt (not shown) is passed. It should be'understood that in place of the pulley23a direct-connected drive arrangement may be provided by supporting an electric motor above the upper end of the pump Y shaft 15 and connecting it thereto by means 'of-"a suitabley connection.

'fl`he upper end of the spindle 18 which `projects upward from the bearing chamber 21 is cylindrical as indicated at 26. VSupported at this pointfby'the cylindrical part 26 of the spindle is a floating brake member 27. The brake member 27 surrounds the cylindr-icalpart of the spindle having a cylin- `dric'al hub 28 from the lower end of which .an annular flange 29 is extended. A lower face of the flange 29 is provided with 'a lining 30 which may be ordinary brake lining. ,The upper partv of the bearing housing 22 is ,provided with a stationary member 32 which provides an upper flat lface which restsfin a plane parallel to the plane of the llange 29. -.-.The hub portion 28 of the brake member 27 is provided with cam grooves 35. These cam grooves extend in oblique planes with respect to ka horizontal plane. vThe cam grooves 35 are formed on opposite sidesof lthe hub- 28 and looking from the inner side.

are in crossing relation. .Extending from the. cylindrical portion 26 of the spindle `18 are pins 36 which are preferably on the same diametrical lin-e. These pins 36 project into f thecam grooves 35. When the pump shaft' 15 and the parts connected therewith'are rotati-ng in a forward direction, as `indicated by .an arrow 38 of Fig..:1, there is upon the initial movement of these parts a relative rotation between them andthe brake member 27. yThis relative movement causes the pins 36 to move into the lower ends of the ca m grooves 35. It is, of course, impossible for the pump shaft and spindle to move downward because of the bearings by which they are supported, so by necessity the brake member 27 moves upward. It is shown in its ,upper position in Fig. 1. It will be seen vthat at this time the brake member is en-' tirely disengaged from the stationary member or plate 32; therefore, there will be no vinterference to the rotation of the rotatable parts.

4.0/ will be urged ltoward a single horizontal plane. This places a twisting action on the brake member which causes it to frictionally grip the cylindrical portion 26 of the spindle 18 and tolockit in a certain position on the cylindrical portion 26.. TWhen the bralre member is so twisted, it is not necessary to rely upon the pins 36 in the cam grooves 35 for holding the brake member in raised position. Y 1

When the pump is shut down, the shaft stops momentarily. before'turn'ing in a reverse direction. When this momentary stopping occurs, the brake member 27 by gravity drops into engagement with the stationary plate 32.`

When the pump shaft tends to Yrotate Vin a reverse direction, lthat is, in a direction reverse to that indicated by the arrow 38, the spindle 18 tends to rotate in a reverse direction. This causes the Lpins 36 to tend to, move toward the upper parts of the cam grooves 35 and into the position illustratedfin Fig. 2. Since there is a weight imposed on the pump shaft by the pump unit at the lower end of the column pipe, the brake member 27 will move into pressural engagement with .theupper face ofY thestationary platei'32.

TWhen this engagement is made intense by the weight of the pump shaft, the shaftv 15 is effectively retarded fromv rotating kin a reverse direction. .Further movement tends to raise the pump shaft 15 so that thepins 36 .could move toward the vvery top portions of the cam grooves 35. In order to prevent the pump shaft from being raised too great a g distance, which would displace the impellers 1n their chambers 1n the pump section and `cause engagement y.between them and. the

walls, we provide a stop member tfwhich is secured to t-he pumpshaft 15, Vpreferably below thehousing 22. This stop member has a radial flange l6fwhich is provided with a lining 47. If the pump shaft is moved upward as illustrated inFig. 2, the lining t7 of thev stop member 195 willv engage a lower flat face i8 of the housing 2,2 andthus prevent the shaft 15 from moving upward farther. The stop member additionally serves as a. brake to assist the brake. member 27.

In Fig. 4: we show an alternative form of the invention. In this'form cf the invention the cylindrical party 26r of the spindle 18 'is provided with screw threads 50, and thehub 28 is provided with cooperating screw threads 51. When the parts of the pump rotate in a forward direction the screw threads move the brake member 27 upward from engagement with the stationary plate 32; but when the parts stop, gravity will move this brake member into engagement with the stationary member, and whenwthese parts rotate in a reverse direction, the screw threads move the brake member into braking engagement with the stationary kplate 32.

Itis of particular importance inl a device a o f this character, toprotect the pump mechanism and the motor against injury such as would be occasioned by an abrupt arresting of their reverse rotation. It will be obvious that if the rotating parts are arrested by a fixed stop or a non-yielding means, the torsional strains upon the `Inechaiiismwvill be so severe as to seriously injure the device, and for this reason thepresent device is designed to apply a progressive'or gradually increasing braking pressure, which increases in proportion to the reverse speed of the rotating parts.

As previously explained, the lower brake member 46, which is lixed to the shaft, and the upper brake member'27, which is slidable axially relative to the shaft, both cooperate with the fixed housing 22 to apply a maximum braking pressure, this maximum braking pressure being applied in opposed axial directions in relation to the stationary housing. In prior devices in which an abrupt arresting means produces an outward radial pressure upon the stationary part, such stationary part is very liable to become fractured by the great expansive pressure produced, especially in event of an incorrect installation ofthe motor, an incorrect application of the belt between the motor and the pump-head pulley (that is, crossing the belt when it is intended to be straight) a reversing of the electric current by accident or without warning to the pump attendant, or by reason of back-lire of an internal combustion engine when such engine is used as the motive power. In the non-reverse mechanism providing positive stops the rotating part will be abruptly stopped if the force driving it is insufficient to break any part of the non-reverse mechanism; on the other hand, the rotating part will not be prevented from rotating in a reverse direction if the force driving it is greater than the non-reverse mechanism can resist, and the non-reverse mechanism will be broken. In pump head constructions employing a positive stop when the motor is driven in the wrong direction, such as by an improper wiring, it is certain that some part must break. For this reason it would be inadvisable to make the non-reverse mechanism exceedingly heavy, since some other more expensive part might be damaged.

In the device herein disclosed, the brake members exert opposed axial strains on the stationary housing 22 and as these are compression strains tending only to crush the housing, said housing may be of relatively light construction which is very economical to manufacture. If the forces turning the rotating part in al reverse direction are greater than the non-reverse mechanism ot this invention can resist, no parts will be broken but the frictional brake willslide, allowing the rotating part to rotate slowly.

``Where the pump is driven in a reverse direction by an electric motor, the braking action will place such an overload on the motor that the throw-out switch will be thrown out before any damage is done to the motor.

From the foregoing description it willbe seen that our invention protects the parts from the damages which may result when the pump is operated in a reverse direction. The essential parts of our invention are, lirst, a stationary'part and a rotatable part to which the other elements of the invention may be applied. The other elements of the invention are, first, a brake member which is capable of engaging the stationary part, and a means for causing the brake member to pressurally engage the stationary part when the rotatable part moves in a reverse direction, with the brake arranged to exert a gradually increasing brake pressure so as not to cause an abrupt stopping of the rotating mechanism. In addition to this, another important element the stop member which prevents the pump shaft from rising an appreciable distance and may also serve as an auxiliary brake. It should be clearly understood that any construction which includes the elements just enumerated comes within the scope of this invention.

We claim as our invention: 1. A pump head Yfor a deep-well rotary pump comprising: a rotatable part; a stationary part; a brake member carried by said rotatable part; and means for causing said brake member to apply a frictional braking pressure to said stationary part when said rotatable part tends to rotate in a .reverse direction.

2. A pump head for a deep-well rotar pump comprising: a rotatable part; a s tationary part; a brake member carried by said rotatable part; and means for causing said brake member to disengage said stationary part when said rotatable part rotates in a forward direction and to apply a frictional braking pressure to said stationary part when said rotatable part tends to rotate in a reverse direction.

3. A pump head for a deep-well rotary pump comprising: a. rotatable part; a stationary part; a brake member carried by said rotatable part; means for causing said brake member to pressurally engage said stationary part when said rotatable part tends to rotate in a reverse direction; and auxiliary brake means preventing an appreciable upward movement of said rotatable part when said brake member is brought into engagement with said stationary part.

4. A pump head for 'a deep-well rotary pump comprising: a rotatable part; a stationary part; abrake member carried by said rotatable part; means for causing said brake member to pressurally engage said stationary part when said rotatable part tends to "when said rotatable -mtate inarreverse direct-ion; andra stop mem- :ber carriedl bysaid yrotatable part, and adapted-toengage fsaid stationary part when sai-d rotatablepart is movedxufpward-by engage.- mentof sadbrale member With said stationary part. Y 1 f 5.- A 'pump yhead `for a deep-Well `rotary pump Comprising; a rotatable parte; astationary part; a brake member carried by said .rotatable part; means for; causing said brake member to disengage said stationary part `Whenisaid rotatable part rotates in a forward `directionand to `pressurally engage said stationary part When saidrotatable part tends .to rota-te in a reverse direct-ion; and a stop ,member carried by said' rotatable part, and `adapted to engage said stationary part When ysaid rotatable part is moved upward by engagement of .said brake member With said stationary part.

6. A pump head for a deep-Well rotar pump comprising:` a rotatable part; a. stationary kpart a'brale member carried by said rotatable part, said brake member having a `cam slot; and a pin carried by said rotatable part, said pin extending into said cam kslot in order to :cause said brake member to pressurall-y engage vsaidV stationary part When said rotatable part tends to rotate in-a reverse direction.

7. AY pump head for a deep-Well rotary pump comprising:y a rotatable part; a stationary part; a brake member carried by ysaid vrotatable part, said .brake member having a eamxslotyand a pin carried by said rotatable part said `pin extending into said cam slot in order to cause said brake lmember to disengage said stationary part When said rotatable part rotates in a 'forward direction and to pressurally engage said stationary part part tends to rotate in a 'reversedirection y f 8. A pump head for a deep-Well rotary ipump comprising: a rotatable part; a stationary part; a brake member carried by saidrotatable part, said brake member hav- `ing a cam slot; a pin carried by said rotatable part, said pin extending into Ysaid `cam 'slotin orderv to cause said brake member to engage said stationary part When said rotatable part tends-to rotate in a reverse direetion in ysuch a manner as to prevent said shaft from'rotating in a vreversek direction; yand av stop member" carried bysaid rotatable part, and adapted to engage said stationary part When said rotatable part is vmoved vupward by engagement of said brake member With said stationary part.

9. A pump head for a .deep-Well rotary pump comprising: `a rotatable part; a stationary part; a brake member ycarried by ksaid rotatable part, said brake member having acam slot; a pin carried by said rotatable vpart, said pin extending into said cam .slot in` order to cause said brake member to disengage said stationary part When said rotatable part rotates in-,a forward directionandto pressurally engage said stationary partWhen saidrotatable parttends to rotate in a reverse direction; and a stop member carried by .said rotatable part, and adapted to engage `said stationary part When said rotatable part is moved upward by engagement-of said brake member 'WithV said stationary part.V i y v 10. AVv pump headfor a deep-,Well rotary pump comprising: a rotatable part; aostationary part; a brake member (carried by said rotatable part, said brake member surrounding a portionof saidY rotatable Ipart; balance-Weights carried by said brake member in opposing positions7 and in dierent horizontal planes; and means for causing said brake member tov pressurally engage said stationary part When Ysaid rotatable part tends to rotate ina reverse direction 11. A pump head for .agdeep-vvell rotary pump Comprising: a rotatable part; .a stationary part; a brake member lcarried by said rotatable part, said brake member-surrounding a portion of said rotatable part; balance- Weights carried by said brake. member in opposing positions, and in different horizontal planes; means for causing said brake member to pressurallyengage said stationary part when said rotatable part tends to rotate in a reverse direction; and a stop `member carried by said rotatable part, and adapted to engage said stationary part When said rotatable partismoved upward'by engagement oflsaid' brake member with` said stationary part. n y t i 1 2. A pump head for a deep-Well rotary pump comprising: a rotatable part; a stationary part; a brake member carried by said rotatable-part, said brakemember surrounding a portion of said rotatable part; balancevveights carried by said brake member in opposing positions, and in diierent horizontal planes, said brake member having ak cam slot; and a pin carried by said rotatable part, said pin extendinginto said cam slot in order to cause said brake member to vpressurally engage said stationary part When said rotatablev parttends to 'rotate in 'a reverse direction.

13. A pump .head for a-deep-vvell rotary pump comprising: a rotatable part; a stationary part; means for arresting rotation of said rotatable part, said means Comprising a brake member, Which is automatically maintained inactive When saidrotatable part vis rotated in one direction, but Which moves intoengagement with -said stationary part when said rotatable part stops; and means functioning upon a reverse rotation of said rotatable part to cause said brake member to frictionally engage and gradually arrest said rotatable part. v 1

14. A pump headpfor a deep-Well vrotary pump comprising: a rotatable part; a stationary part; and means for arresting thel backward rotation of said rotatable part, said means comprising a brake member which is automatically maintained inactive when said rotatable part is rotated forwardly, but which automatically moves when the rotatable part is rotated backward, to apply a gradually increasing frictional braking pressure on said stationary part until said rotatable part stops.

e l5. In a device of the nature disclosed, the combination of: a rotatable part; a stationary part; a floating brake member carried by said rotatable part; and means for causing said brake member to apply a gradually increasing frictional braking pressure to said stationary part when said rotatable part rotates in a reverse direction and until 'said rotatable part is arrested.

16. A combination as defined in claim 15 in which said means is arranged to assume an inactive position when the rotatable part is again rotated in a forward direction.

17. In a device of the nature disclosed, the combination of: a rotatable part; a stationary part; and means carried by said rotatable part and adapted to engage said stationary part to arrest backward rotation of said rotatable part, said means comprising a brake member which is automatically maintained inactive during forward rotation of said rotatable part, but which automatically functions upon backward rotation of said rotatable part to first frictionally retard and subsequently arrest said rotatable part.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands at Los Angeles, California, this 18th day of April, 1927.

RONALD M. SCHLEGEL.

ALFRED H. BOWLZER, JR.

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