US1777923A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 7., 1930.

K. G. JOHANSSON PUMP Filed Feb. 1, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 7, 1930. K. e. JOHANSSON 1,777,923

PUMP

Filed Feb. 1, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 7, 1930. K. G. JbHANssoN PUMP Filed Feb. 1, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Octo 7, 1930. K. G. JOHANSSON 1,777,923

PUMP

Filed Feb. 1, 1928 S S heet s- Sheet 4 Oct. 7, 1930. G, oHANsgdN 1,777,923

PUMP il F 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Oct. 7, 1930 l UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE KARL comma .rormnsson, or immune, BTORVBETA, swnnmr i p y rum I i Application filed February 1, 1928, Serial in. 251,207, and m Sweden octane: 9, m.

This invention relates to improvements in In the position Fig. 1 the plane surface is rotary pumps, the object of'the invention oft episton rests a ainstthe one, andafter being to provide an improved pump of this half aturn, against tEe other surface 71 class whichis simple in construction, is strong In middle position (Fig. 4) the surface It 5 and durable, which operates efliciently and of the piston rests only against the boundary is which'is not likely to get out of order. line between the surfaces It. Both parallel With the above and other objects in view, surfaces of the istontighten continually the invention consists in the construction, against both parallel surfacesinthe groove of, V combination and arrangement of devices the left disc, while the cylindrical surface of 1Q hereinafter described and claimed. the piston continually tightens along its In the drawing which shows a detailed exentire length against the correspondin ample with axially arranged inlet, Fig.1 is a groove am the right disc d, the recess ee -0% longitudinal section and Fig. 2 a cross secwhich fits the flange 70 Hence the piston is tion with the base of the frame uncut and rigidly. joined to the 'rig t disc but makes a 15 Fig. 3 a view ofthe right end of the pump. rocking movement in axial direction inrela 05 Figs. 41-14 show details. Fig. 'shows an tion to theleft disc. example of an arrangement which makes The left side of the ri ht disc may be conipossible the using of the pump both as a liquid cal and the right side of the left disc may be pump, vacuum pump and air compressor. plane, so that a radial tightenin line is Fig. 16 shows further a. detail. always formed between the discs, w on the e 70 In a pump casing a with a cover 6 are arare pressed together. y ranged two rotating discs d and It, the shafts 8 1s the inlet and t the outlet in Fi 2.. 0, g of which are arranged at an oblique The inlet is indicated by dotted lines in angle to each other. 1. The inletleads to'a recess Win the w The shaft act the right disc dis journalled in the casing, against which the right side 7 by means of a sleeve land ball bearings. The of the disc (1 rests. I 2 shaft got the left disc it is ,journalled in the This recess can have the form shown in cover 6 by means of a sleeve 1 and rests with Fig. 2, where it makes a ring so out shaped its left end against aball, which in turn is groove conoentrical with the s aft 0, which supported by a screw rscrewed in the cover, groove be n's at b and continues with the so which screw makes possible'the regulating of same axia depth to b, where after it bethe pressure of the discs axially againstthe comes less deep, so that its bottom forms a tightening surface of the cover. A nut helps sloping Ian from b to b, where the groove p lock the screw in the adjusted position. i V sto s. he groove is limited outwards in 36 A piston In, Figs. 8-10 (in the example partra ial direction by a concentric bow shaped 1y prismatic with one cylindrical and five flange I). The groove bl'is continually conplane surfaces, two of which latter are pa'rnected with the inlet a, through a canal. -allel and situated on a lengthwise running From the groove 6 the fluid is sucked into ridge, and with a flange k in the form of a the compartment between the discs through 40 semi cylindrical ring segment inthe middle two holes [t in the disc (1, each situated 0 of the cylindrical surface) is sunk in diameteccentrically on its side of the piston k, as

rical grooves onboth discs and tightensthere shown in. Figs. 6 and 7, against. The right disc 0! has a groove e and The discs rotate in "the "direction of the also a recess 6 for the flange 7c. Thebottom arrow (Fig. 2).. When the piston has passed 4 71. of the groovein the left discconsists of the tightening line between the discs, a com-,. two plane surfaces, which meet at the middle pertinent begins to be formed c rcumferen of the disc and form oblique angles to each tially between them behind theplston, WhlQh. other. The piston "is of such length as to compartment widensduring the first half ,of tighten against the inside of the casing and the revolution, so that a vacuum results and 50 is of suitable diameter. fluid is sucked in through the holeh'. During the other half revolution the volume of the compartment is diminished, and the sucked in fluid is pressed out through the outlet. Between the discs are formed two compartments separated by the piston, both of which compartments function in the same way, but alternately, so that one compartment is enlar ed, while the other is made smaller, and hence the fluid is sucked in twice and driven out twice during each rotation.

As a result of the fact that the suction holes in the disc cl stretch as far towards the centre as space allows, the speed of rotation of the pumps may be very great without danger o the fluids not having time to be sucked in at the proper time or that the suction will be counteracted by the centrifugal force. During the last part of the revolution the hole 71.? is covered by the solid part b in the casing at the ends of the oove b and hence the fluid can not be drced back to the groove 6 but is forced into the outlet.

As has already been pointed out, the inlet may also be arranged at the discs circumference, if the speed of the pump does not exceed a certain limit. It has been seen, that by such an arrangement the effect of the pump is lessened, if this limit is passed, possibly because the suction power is neutralized by the centrifugal power. By placing the inlet nearer the shaft this difliculty is avoided, and the speed can be increased as much as may be desired.

A pocket open to the outlet pressure is situated in the wall 2) between the inlet 8 and the outlet t and extends over the entire axial length of the outlet opening to contain liquid which serves as ,a sealing liquid to prevent air leaking back to the inlet when the pump is used for pumping air. A passage 1. leads from the liquid pocket to a circular recess tr on the inside of thecover I) so that this recess is thus filled with liquid of the same pressure as the pressure in the outlet t. As a result of this the left disc h is pressed to the left, that is to say, against the disc d, with a certain force which contingently can be almost as great as the resistance which the fluid makes, when it is pressed out of the outlet. By this arrangement the friction between the inside of the cover and the left disc and the fric tion in the axial journal of the shaft 9 is lessened or eliminated.

By an axially arranged inlet one may diride into two parts the ring shaped recess,

for instance according to Fig. 16, in order to avoid bending the shaft q. Of the two compartments between the discs h and d separated by the 1piston k one contains pressure fluid at t e same time as the other contains suction fluid. As the pressure on the disc h from the fluid between the discs thus becomes greater in the partment than in the latter, bending stress in the shaft 9. I

In order to prevent thls objection the recess, for instance, partments tr and tr" by means of a straight dividing flange f of the same height as the depth of the recess tr, whereby said flange tightens perfectly against the disc h.

The flange f is then suitably placed according to Fig. 16 at some distance from the centre of the recess tr and with sub stantially the same incline as the border lines 6 b (Fig. 2) of the groove b.

The upper compartment tr is hence situated almost opposite the solid part b" and the lower compartment tr" is situated almost opposite the groove 6 As is evident the compartment between the discs, which is situated opposite the solid part Z) is connected with the pres-- sure conductor, the other with the suction conductor.

If therefore the upper compartment M" in Fig. 16 is connected with the pressure fluid in the outlet and the lower compartment tr, for instance, is connected by means of a canal s with the suction fluid in the inlet, the advantage gained is that an uneven pressure distributlon on the one side of the disc h corresponds to a similarly uneven pressure istribution on the other side, and hence the pressure on both sides of the disc h wholly or partly counter balance each other, without any bending of the shaft g being caused thereby.

It is practical to let the fluid in through a hole in the left disc instead of the right one. The ring shaped recess b then has its place on the inside of the cover to the left of the left disc. In this case the ring shaped recess tr, communicating with the outlet of the liquid container. has its place in the casing at the right of the right disc. 1

If the inlet and outlet are arranged circumferentially (radially) the holes h are unnecessary. It is practical to arrange recess'es, communicating with the outlet respectively the liquid container, both in the casing to the right of the disc (1 and on the inside of .the cover, that is to say, to the left of the disc 7:, whereby both discs are automatically pressed against each other and the friction is diminished even more.

In order to prevent suction of air along the shaft 0 to the groove 6 I may provide a sleeve (Fig. 1.), provided for the shaft 0 next the disc d, with a ring shaped groove 3 on the inside of the-sleeve near its outer end. This groove y, by means of a canal w, is connectewith the outlet t, whereby pressure fluid is brought to the groove y and causes the necessary tightening.

The iston k may obviously be made in many dlfierent ways. Instead of the embodformer comit results 1n is divided into two comiment shown inFigs. 1 to 10, I construct the or a tap attainable from outside), in such a iston however according to Figs. 11-13. way that only a part of theamount of liquid, This embodiment differs from the other in that the pump contains, may circulate. that the cross section in the middle is circu- When the pump acts as a liquid pump, the lar in shapewith the addition of the ridge, taps 2 and 3 are closed, and the taps 1 and 4 against the parallel side walls of which the are opened. i disc 72. tightens. In the former case the cross I If the pump 15 adapted to be used only as section in the middle was semi-circular in. a vacuum pump, the container r may always shape with the addition of said ridge. The be open or connectedto the free air and all alteration results in that the flange 70 is disthe taps may be dispensed with, and hence 7 pensed with, whilethe piston It must be inthe pipes r and r are unnecessary and the serted radially into the groove 6 on the disc pipe 1' is directly connected to the compartd. By this alteration the piston does not ment 'm. fall out of its groove-when the pump is dis- When the pump shown in Fig. is to be 15 assembled. used as an air compressor, the compartment Fig. 14 shows a modification of the corn m. is connected to the air contalner and the struction of the discs.- Both discs may obcompartment m with the free air.

viously be conical and according to this mod- Having now described my invention, what ification they have the same conical angle. I claim as new anddeslre to secure by Leta The advantage of this is, that the only fricters Patent is:

tion there is between them is rolling friction. 1. A pump comprising a casing,two discs s soon as both conical angles are notsimirotatable in said casing with the same numlar there is necessarily added a sliding fricber of rotations and arranged at an obli ue tion caused by the pressure between the discs angle to each other, a iston arranged dia- 25 at the radial line of ti htening in order to metrically between the (iiscs and dividing the secure suificient tightenlng. i compartment between the discs into two com- My improved pump can be used not only partment's separated by the iston, the vol as a liquid pump but also as an air compressor ume of such compartments, y the rotation and vacuum pump. For such use a liquid ofthe discs bein hence alternately increased 30 container above the pumps suction and presand decreased or the sucking of the fluid sure opening is arranged WhlCh container is into the one compartment from an inlet and continually filled with llquid (for instance at the same time for pressing the fluid out water or oil), which acts as tightening means of the other compartment to an outlet, an inwhen the pump acts as an air pump the liquit let for the fluid'communicating with a chamthereby being circulated through the pump. ber in the stationary partof the pump, one Fig. 15 shows an example 0 an arrangeof the discs being provided with entrance ment, which makes it possi le to use the pump ports situated on either side of the piston both as a liquid pump and a vacuum pump. and adapted to connect said chamber with 1' is the liquid container. This has a 1m the compartmentsbetween the discs when the 40 die wall m, which divides the container into latter are rotating. i 106 two compartments m and m of which m .2. A pump comprising a casing, two discs" has connection with the pumps suction openrotatable in said casing with the same nummg 8, and m with the pressure 0 n1 ng ber of rotations and arranged at an oblique Into the com artment m openst e liquid angle to each other, a iston arran ed dia e inlet pipe 1, w 1ch has an ascend n branched metrically between the iscs and divi ing the 110 off pipe 7', whlch acts as alr supp y ondu compartment between the discs into two comtor. The compartment m has an ascending partments separated by the iston, the voloutlet' pipe for the outlet of the l 11 1 ume of such compartments, y the rotation an outlet pipe 1" for the Mind. All four of the discs, being hence-alternately increased to P P have p Through a hole 0 and decreased for the sucking of the fluid into m the wall m the two compartments m and the one compartment from an inlet and at the m commumcate W 1th each h rsame time for pressing the fluid out of the en the pump is used as a vacuum pump, other compartment to an outlet, the inlet for for nstance as a milking machine, t p p the fluid communicating with a chamber in n. m 18 COIIHQCtBd Wlt-h 1t, whereby the taps 1 the stationary part of the pump, one ofthe and 4.- areclosed and the taps and 3 are discs being provided with entrance ports sitopened. The liquid in the contalner 18 th n uated on either side of the piston and adapted caused, by the action of the pump, to pa to' connect said chamber with the compartthrough the hole 0 from the compartment ments between the discs, when the latter are (7.) m? to m and circulate through the pump in rotating, a suitable ring-shaped recess being order to serve as -a tightening means, while arranged in the pump house on opposite side air is sucked from the milking machine of the chamber in relation to "the rotatin through the tap 2 and cos out throu h the discs, said recess being divided into two com tap 3. The section of t e hole 0 is EldJllStGd partments by means of a dividing flange u. (for instance by means of an adjusting screw tightening against the corresponding disc,

the pressure one of the last-mentioned compartments being connected with the pressure fluid in the outlet and preferably situated opposite a solid part of the pump house, WhlCl'l part contacts with one of the discs, the other compartment being connected with the suction fluid in the inlet and preferably situated opposite thc'chamber communicating with the inlet.

3. A pump comprising a casing, two discs rotatable in said casing with the same numher oi rotations and arranged at an oblique angle to each other, a piston arranged diametrically between the discs and dividing the compartment between the discs into two compartments separated by the piston, the volume of such compartments, y the rotation of the discs, being hence alternately increased and decreased for the sucking of the fluid into the one compartment from an inlet and at the same time for pressing the fluid out of the other compartment to an outlet, the inlet for the fluid communicating with a chamber in the sha e of a ring segment-shaped groove in the stationary part of the pump, one of the discs being provided with entrance orts situated on either side of the piston an adapted to connect said groove with the compartments between the discs when the latter are rotating, a suitable ring-shaped recess being arranged in the pump house on opposite side of the ring segment-shaped groove in relation to the rotating discs, said recess being divided into two compartments by means of a straight dividing flange tightenin against the corresponding disc, one of the fist-mentioned compartments being connected with fluid in the outlet and the other with the suction fluid in the inlet, the straight dividing flange being suitably placed at the same distance from the center of the ringshaped recess and with substantially the same incline as the boundary lines of the groove.

.4. A pump comprising a casing, two discs rotatable in said casing with the same number of rotations and arranged at an oblique angle to each other, a piston arranged diametrically between the discs and dividing the compartment between the discs into two compartments separated by the piston, the volume of such compartments, by the rotation of the discs,- being hence alternately increased and decreased for sucking of the fluid into the one compartment from an inlet and at the same time pressing the fluid out of the other compartment to an outlet, a liquid container with two compartments communicating with each other arranged above the suction and pressure openings of the pump, one of said compartments being connected with the suction opening and the other with the pressure opening, the former having an inlet and the other an outlet for air (or other gas), in order that the pump may be used as a compresser of air or as a vacuum pump.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

KARL GUNNAR JOHANSSON.

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