US1776457A - Blast-distributing means for gas producers - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 23, 1930. F. H. TREAT BLAST DISTRIBUTING MEANS FOR GAS PRODUCERS INVENTOR P 3, 1930. F. H. TREAT BLAST DISTRIBUTING MEANS FOR GAS PRODUCERS 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 MN an m w M QN QN NN A zu QM 7 v N L.

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"whenit is heated to a temperature correfj UN"IT D- S S Patented Sept. 23, s 1930 PATEN OFFICE rRANoIs I-I. TBEAT, .F BELLEVUE, OHIO, AssrG oI; TO nUrn'rATENrs COMPANY, INC.,

OFVPITTSBURGH, rn NsYnvANIA, A. CORPORATION or PENNSYLVANIA original application meu'm 25, 1926,

' i. The present invention relates broadly to i LAsT-DIsT IBnTING MEANS non eAs PRODUCERS gas producers, and moreparticularly to blast distributing means therefor, the present applicationbeing a division of my co-pgnding application Serial No; 384,053, filed ay 25,

V 1920, Patent Nok1,46 9,399, October 2, 1923.

:In -gasproducerlpractice, particularly in this country, th'erkind'of'fuel universally used is abituminous coal having a decided caking nature ortendency to becomepasty and sticky 'spondingto" that usually existing in the upp' rportion ofthe fuel bed ofthe gas pro dn'c'er. a,

"IIn' -accordance with the dictates of good gas" producer practice, the fuel bed'should not exceed about threefeet in depth and its depth and the 'ratelof combustion of the fuel should bemaintained substantially uniform throughout its horizontal extent, to the end that the established standards as to quality and-quantity of production may be. maintained. I l

I Byreason of the fact that in the air blast is comprised the active element for the gasification of the fuel, itis essential, in order to secure the desired uniformity of combustion, that means be provided to nsure a uniform distribution of the blast throughout the horizon'talextent' of the fuel bed. This is particu'la'rlyj important in the case of modern gas producers in which the diameter of the fuel bed is most commonly from ten to eleven feet. 7

- 'Accompanying a uniform combustion of the fuel will be a correspondingly uniform V 7 production of ashes throughout the horizontal' extent of the fuel bed. It is important thereforethat the descent of these ashes from the fuel bed into the ash pan be not impeded tosuch'an extent as to cause them to accumulate and extend into the fuel zone, thereby interfering with thecombustion.

' An-"object of the present invention therefore is to provide means for the uniform distribution of the blast, with positive effect,

I a substantially throughout the horizontalrextent of the fuel bedlof a gas producer.

air blastdistributing tuyeresinlieu of the usualugrate construction, "the said tuyeres being so 'constructed'and arranged as to impose a minimum resistance to the descent of the ashes from the fuel bed; i

In the accompanying "drawings, there is shown, for purposes of illustration 0nly,,one

embodiment of the present invention, it be ing understood-that the drawings do not define the limits of the invention as changes maybe made in the general construction and operation therein disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention or scope of my broader claims.

" In the drawings- F igurelis'a view, partly in vertical section and" partlylin side elevation, of a gas producer embodying my invention. a

'FigureQ is a plan view, partly in section, of the parts'show'n in Figure 1; I

Figure 13 is a central vertical sectional view ofthe lower portion of the gasproducer; and

I Figure 4 is'a cross-sectional view of one of the tuyeresy I I have illustrated my invention in connection with a gasproducer of thetyfpe disclosedin my patentpreviously referred to.

This producer comprises'a' shell 2 having the usual refractory liiiing. The shell is supported by means of columns 3, preferably of vstructural steel. The bases of these columns are oflset sufficiently so as not to interfere with the producer shell and the ash pan and associatediparts, the upper portions of the columns being bent inwardly'and secured to the'shell'by means of plates 4. 4

Beneath the shell is a stationary ash part5 mounted on suitable supports 6 and into which a mantle or apron 7 depends to a distance below the water level of the pan sufficient to provide the usual water seal. The

'ashpan is provided with an upstanding edge 8 whereby the pan may hold the desired amountof water/ 1 r a 4 7 Two rotary scrapers 9 are arranged to turn within the ash pan and to deliver ashes over the peripheral edge thereof; QThese scrapers are arranged oppositely to each other soasto give a balanced action. They are preferably of a spiral or curved form,

approximately as shown, their inner. ends being secured to a central hub 10'. This hub,

isloosely mounted around the centrally fixed water discharge pipe 11 whichextends upwardly intothe pan and'within the cap 12, a plurality of openings 13 being providedthrough which the water can enter said cap and thence pass into the discharge pipe.

From the hub out to a point adj acentlto the periphery of the bottom of the panthe scrapers consist of flat sections which are ar- .rangedtorotate adjacent to the bottom of the pan. At this point they merge into the inclined portions 14 which extend obliquely upward along the sloping sides of the pan and to the outer periphery of itsupper edge;

The endsof the portions 14 are rigidly se- "curedto-posts 15 which at theirlower ends are secured to the inner side; of an'annular ring 1 6 whichsurrounds thepan. This ring 1 i's 'mounted ona'plurality of wheels 17 journaled therein and which travel on a circular i track 18; A portion of the outer 'periphery of the ring is formed with gear teeth 19which "are engaged by driving pinions 20, These driving pinionsarejournaled at the upper ends of short vertical shafts 21.. Each of these shafts carries a bevelwheel 22 which meshes with a bevel pinion 23 on a diametri- V cally extending shaft 24 driven by any suitable means, such as an electricmotor 25.

i 5 From the foregoing it will be apparent that the ring 16' and the scrapers 9 rotate asa unit with respect to'the stationary pant. I

- ,An-ash receiving trough 26 is mounted on therupper peripheral portions of the wheels 17 in such a manner as to be rotated around the'ash pan by'said wheels. This trough is 5 arranged to receive the ashes which are dis charged overtthe upper edge of the pan by the action of the scrapers. The ashes are discharged from this trough at a single point by means of asuitable plow 27 supported by a' fixed framemember 28 secured to and depending from the shell 2.

i Having described the general construction and arrangement of'the producer,-I will now proceed to describe the novel tuyere system of'blast distribution which constitutes a prenferred embodiment ofmy invention. These tuyeres, indicated by the referencenumeral 29, project inwardly through the depending mantleor' apron 7 at the base of the producershell and are removably seated in openings therein and supported by brackets 30 secured to the inner side of the apron or mantle. Each tuyere is also preferably provided with a downwardly projecting flange; 31 which engages the outer face of the apron or mantle.

It willbe seenfby reference to Figure 2, that these tuyeres are uniformly spaced around the periphery of the base of the shell '2 at distances preferably less than de-v 'g'r'ees apart and project radially inwardly,

toward the axis of the shell, their lengths be- 7 ing materially less than the radius of. the

producer in the plane of their location, so as I to leave an open unobstructed central area in the producer at this point. These tuyeres exequal sectors each of which is traversedby its. own air blast conduitwhich is centrally v locatedtherein, the larger fuel bed thereby being divided intoa group of small ones each having. an independent air blast supply.

In the particularform shown,these tuyeres are ofcircular cross-section and each is provided at itslower side with blast orifices 32 taining the longitudinal axis ofthe tuyere.

The tuyer'es are of inwardlydecreasingcross sect onal area whereby a i'substantlallyuni- 7 form air velocity maybe maintaineditherealong; The inner end of each tuyere'is'proarranged in two longitudinalrows 'prefer- 'ablyat opposite sidesof a vertical'plane con vided with adownwardlyand inwardly extending, discharge opening 33. Eacamyere may-be supplied with air blast by any suitable arrangement such as a steam jet blower 3 90f any well known character. It1willbe, apparent thatthe blast orifices 32, and 33 may be so proportioned as to correspond with the portion of the sector-of the fuelgbed'to Y which they are tributary andtherebysup ply the blast equally to all parts ofsuch sector with an amount of horizontal travel whichmay be considered a negligiblequantity; Moreover, as eachutuyere may' be taperedso thatits diameter willcorrespond with the quantitylof the air blast passing a given point, its diameter may be'reduc'ed to very small proportionsiand said tuyere, in

additionybeing 'providedtwith a curved top,

the entire series of tuyeres will offer a minimum resistance to the free passage of the ashes downwardly hetween them while giving a very effective distribution ofthe'blast.

From theforegoing, the advantages arising 'froniimy invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. By theprovisionof' means of the character described extending in a horizontal plane underlying the fuel bed and eifective to secure a uniform blast action throughoutthe same, it must necessarily follow that with an equally uniform removal with a proper distributionof the fuel to the fuel bed, the plane which marks the division between the ash and the fuel zones ofthe of the ashes from beneath said means and v the quality and quantity of pro, duction may be attained; 1

0 tendvin a horizontal plane beneath the fuel 3 1 bed and divide the latterinto a plurality'of stationary walls adapted to contain a fuel bed, a series of blast tuyeres supported on the stationary insidewall of the producer at regularlyv spaced intervals thereabout, said tuyres extending radially into the producer from the side walls thereofin' a substantially 7 horizontal plane and being of a length materially less than the radius of the fuel chamber 1 in the plane in which they are located, whereby an open central area is provided, said tuyeresbeingof inwardly decreasing cross sec- 1 tional area and havlng openings therealong (and at the inner ends thereof whereby they supply air to the fuel bed which they traverse and to theopen central area of the fuel. bed, the said tuyeres being located at intervals less than apart whereby eachtuyere supplies air to only a relatively small sector of the fuel bed, the decrease in the cross sectional area of the tuyeres securing the necessary velocity atthe inner ends of the tuyeres to project a jet of air from said openings at-their inner ends, said decrease in cross sectional area of the tuyeres also securing maximum spacing between the ends ofthe convergent'tuyeres;

' r 2'. A gas producer having a chamber adapted to contain a fuel bed, a series of blast tuyeres projecting through the wall of the cham-' her and extending inwardly from the wall toward the center of the chamber, said tuyeres being of less length than the radius'of the producer in the plane in which they are located, and extending intothe, fuel bed in a substantially horizontal plane, said tuyeres beinginwardly tapered and, having downwardly turned inner ends, the downwardly turned ends of the tuyeres having air dis: charge openings therein for projecting a blast of 'airdownwardly and inwardly toward the ed to contain afuel bed,

' disposed blast tuyeres in the central portion of the fuel bed, said tuyeres also being provided with downwardly directed openings at intervals along their length, l

3. .A gas producer having a chamber adaptfuel bed extend- ;ing inwardly from the wall of the chamber 7 their inner ends and having discharge openings therein intermediate the ends thereof and located on an under surface of the tuyere, said tuyeres being located less than 90 apart and being spaced at substantially equal intervals from each other.

4. In a gas producer, a horizontally extending blast tuyere comprising an elongated hola series of radially low body of decreasing cross sectional area toward one end, and having a discharge port I at the smaller end thereof protected by an overhang'at the end of the tuyere, said body having a solid top portion and discharge openings therein at intervals along its length, the decreasing cross sectional area of the tuyere assuring substantially uniform distribution of air therealong and securing a desired velocity for the jet of air wardly turned end thereof.

5. In a gas producer, a radially extending blast tuyere comprising an elongated hollow body of decreasing cross sectional area toward one end an d having a downwardly turned discharge portion at the smaller end thereof, said body having discharge openings therein at intervals along its length intermediate the ends thereof, said discharge openings being located on the under side each side of the longitudinal axis thereof. 7

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

- I FRANCIS H. TREAT.

projected from the down only of the body at

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