US1776449A - Spark plug - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 23, 1930. D. v. POWELL SPARK PLUG Filed May 20, 1927 6, J MA parts Fig. van.

Patented Sept. 23, 1930 tion haspartic ularly amongits objectsthe p vproductiono1ta spark plug that is substan- J-O tia'lly} self-cleaning which will not easily foul and which will deliver aparticularlyhotveilective' spark and i'gnite-rthe charge in a most satisfactory: manner. #Many other objects f and adyantagesfofthe construction herein shown and describeduwillgrbe ,obyious to those skilled-in the artfromthe: disclosure herein novel construction, arrangement 1 and com- 1 bination of partsjherein shown and described,

and*more particularly pointed out in the claims iLInQthe 'drawings,--:whereini like reference characters I indicate like tr vcorresponding F'g. :1 is'a tQPLVlQWO f my-improved'spark plugw- 4' a a -partialisectional View through 7 the'isainey'the core being shown in elevation;

I I l Fig. 3 is a Viewv in elevation of the inner endofthe plug; and i .4} is 'asectional View; taken substane ,Qaaii -on iin i i ofiFig Z- n T ferringtothe'drawings wherein I have 3 illustrated the preferred embodiment of the inventibmthenu neral 1 indicates the metal bodyportionwot vthe sparkplugfhaving a screw -threadedfpart .2 adapted .forengagernent LVVlth'f the usual spark plug :opening in A withazsmooth exterior surface;

v p Fitting into" the body lxand'held in'place lft l by ineans oftheonut/leisthefusual porcelain member 5 carrying the electrode 6.; 'The lower end of the electrode'ltiprojects slightly below the lower end: o f=the porcelain andithe lower end of .thee; porcelain" :l'S preferably formed withatapered portion/7. which is-dis V Application inea May 20,

an internaljico'inbustion; engine, the part be-, low the' threade-d portion :being' slightly rei duced indianieter as shown atSfandfOrmed:

i i ,threadedportion2-of the body are the open ings which communicate with the chamber 8fa nd are arranged substantially in line with rEs PATENTS orrics 1927. Serial No. 192,959.

posed infa chamber 8 in; the body portion 1. The lower end of this chamber, in the preferred form, 1s formed with an inclined or tapered wall '9, the low'erfend of which communicateswith asubstantially Venturi passage 10. Arranged within the bodyl, preferab'ly the externally threaded portion therei of is an annular flange 11 having an inner tapering wall forming a wall of said passage 10,.tl1usforining a substantially Venturi passage between the 'chamber 8 and the outer chamber 12 in the reduced pal-tot the plug.

A second electrode 1a is arranged inopposed relation with the electrode 6 and as shown, is carried by: a conical member 15 which may be; supported within the chamber 12 by means of a cross bar orweb portion 16.

This cross barflG is position-ed within the outer end oi: the reduced portion 3 against a shoulder l'land the outer end of the reduced portion is ti'u'n'edinwardly around its edges o assl1ow n,at18for retaining the bar 16' in place. a 1 I a It will be noted 'that by having the flange v 11 extended downwardly into the chamber 12, the outer inclined wall thereof together with the wall ofthe chamberiorms an annular recess 19 which serves as a-trap for catching the oils entering the chamber12 upon opposite sidesoI thebarlti. In order that the oils will be directedtoward this-annular recess 19, the lower side of the conical member 15 is formed with an outwardly inclined wallQOiVhicln'it will be noted, will direct the oils toward the wall of the chamber 12 cans ing them to travel upwardly into therecess 19 andflprevent them passing through the pas sage 10 into the explosive chamber 8.

At the upper endloftheporcelain 5 and connected with the/electrode 6 is the usual connection '21 for the electric circuit. EX-

tending througlrfrom opposite sides of the VI, should it be desired-tojnspect the electrodes ortoadjustthe electrodes 14: as by inserting i H) 4 o r y into the compression chamber of the engine cylinder, igniting the gases there n by vol e 3 ume'of burning gases.

7 expand and the ignitedgases be discharged 7 at high velocity through the Venturi passage leadingto the OuterchamberlQ and thence This action can be bestunder-stood When consideringlthe relative proportional pressures that take place 7 during this action; Thegas compression- Y which, at 60 pounds per square inch in both the engine cylinders and the-- compression chamber 8, whenfignited instantaneously,

causes ale-increasedcompression of the-gases in'the chamber 8. *Thus', the rapidexpansion of the gas under restricted"surroundings causes them to be discharged at high velocity throughthe passage 10 and chambe'r12 into i the engine cylinder. -From this, it will be apparent that With the rapid discharge of thegases outward through the passage 10 and the chamber 12,-it will create a suction to return the oils on the'jwall of chamber 12' and entrapped in the annular 'recess -19 into the eng ne cylinder and atthe same time have V a tendency to clean the chamber 12 of any oil chamber sito thecylinderr or carbonsoas to keep this chamber 'ina comparat vely .cl'e'an' condition at all times;

i It will be; noted, in the'prefe rred form,-that reason-of the Venturi passagebetween the chambers 8- and l2, the velocity will be increased, as they are discharged from the Thesizeof the passage lOGtWGBIl the portion 11 and the cone 15 may, of c0urse,.be-made as charge from the chamber- 8 serving to in.

desired, either byvarying the proportions of the parts "or by adjusting the cone-shaped. member outwardly-orinwardly.

The cone-shaped holder 15 for the electrode serves two principal purposes; First in :the restriction of the gases on-dis crease the velocity of they gasesesc aping from chamber 8 asit will beob'served that the cone,

passage 16; 'Thus, the: oils' striking the in,

"clined or tapering surfaces 2O willbe d irected'l:f

toward'the inner Wall of the chamber 12"and:

't-rappedin theannular recess l9 t'o be thrown back outward atthe next explosion. Itwill be apD'ai'eimthatthe inclinedwall portions of thefl'an'ge 11 are disposed atan angle thatassures' that the most rapid movement of the i; jssfgases :trou rl its {downward discharge andl he as an oil trap in forming the I annular hence I do notwish tobe'understood as'limit Whatl claim as new and desire to secure) 1 V w by Letters Patentiis'zi vi 1; v class. described and; in V iin he'shelli,a.coneshaped siipportihaving a; p portion positionedwithirr said;flared mouth;V.x j E V V d'byisaidsup-g .1 part and .eXtending- -into" said 'chamberwith" V he eiidio-it ztl'iefirst elec-T 'tro dee j I m dam v, a. o omb dn; a ed-y: h l a s a b r -i'th a'restri recess 19,tlie gases being compressed through the passage 10 into thechamber 8. p g, I V

' theelect'rode-fi is ad-' Y r In the plug'shown, justably mounted in the porcelain 5'so that J the distance or space between" electrodes or; points maybe varied as desired. ,As shown, a bushing .25 is mounted in the;por'celain which is preferably molded-aroundthesame, 7

adjustment ,oftllzepartsg i T-he upperenad i the plug is' preferably ciupped or recessed! show-n 'at 27' toreceive a packing 28 ,o'i as-l,

i'bestos or any, other suitable form of gasket, V i V i i 29- being "a lock nuttocompress the gasket and lockthieelectrode inplace The porcelain is shown "prov ded witha cap O' which is vheld ini place bythenut 2 1',

thumbjnut 31 beingiprovide'dat the extreme 1 end ofithe electrode 6;, Byremovin-g the nut 21 andcap 30, the nut 29 ma'y belooseired and 1' the electrode then adjusted to separate the shed. The adjiistment, asvmentioned before,

may be easily noted through the sight open 7 Ting22which normally-is-closed -bythe'side' i 1 walls of the spark plug opening in the engine when the plug is seated. jItwillbe-Iapparent that the plug, asconstructed, will Operate t low temperatureas the p'orcelainfii e d only to theburni'ng gases which are contained in the chamber 8 and the temperature ing or densi'fyingjthe gases, the elevation of" temperature being proportionalflto the dene r sity of the gas.

, Having thusdescribediny invention'fit is 'obviousnthat various immaterial modifica- I tions may be made "in the -same I without dej l parting fro n the spirit of my. invention; 7

ing myself to the exact form, construction,

arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and described, crimes-mentioned,

1'; In a device of the combination, a; body shell having a; chamber, 7 with arestrictedoutlet,aninternaloftsetin. J 7 thebody'at one lend of the'chamberlforming at itswidestpoints is Wider than that ofthe' V a flared. mouth for said ontlet," an electrode its-end spacedifrom cte'd outlet, and a second chain-:

ber line '90 7 Y points orbring gthem qcloseritogethe'r,yas ideloo-f is raisedaas the gases are forced throughthe n passage 10 serving as the meansjofcompress h t-hear eha-iebeigan e'lecbrode 13c 7 in the first chamber, and a second electrode supported in the second chamber and project I ing into the first chamber in alignment with Y '3. In a spark plug, chamber, the wall of thechamber at its lower the first electrode. c a body shellhaving a end being tapered inwardly to form a restricted outlet, an 'electrodefcarriedby the v shell provided in the second chamber'adjarestricted outlet, an electrode carried by the J shell and projecting into 0nd 'chamberbetween the for said opening and forming an annular shell and projecting into the chamber, said shell "having a second "chamber between the outlet, and the end ofthe body shell, the

the cone-shaped member inclining in a di rection opposite the inclination of the other surface of said member.

In testlmony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

DONALD v. POWELL.

cent said outlet with a pocket arranged to I entrap oils andprevent' the same from enten 'ing the first chamber, and a second electrode in the second chamber and extending through the restricted outlet. 7

4. In. a spark plug, a body shell having'a chamber, the wall of the chamber at its lower end being-tapered inwardly toform a outlet and the end thefchamber, a sec- Y of the body Sll6ll,.2lI1lIlt8I'n3.l annular offset.

having its lower edge tapering to form a venturi at the restricted outlet, and "projecting into the secondchamber to provide a pocket in the outer chamber and prevent oils from entering the first chamber, a cone-shaped support in the second chamber,'and an elec- -'.trode ,carriedbv said support and extending through the outlet.

7 V 5. aspark plug, a body shell having an inner chamb'erand an outer chamber with a restricted passage forming communication between said chambers, an internal annular offset in said shell providing a flared mouth 7 oil pocket in the outer chamber, an electrode extending intothe inner chamber from one the inner end of the first electrode.

6.. In a spark plug, a body member formed V x with an inner and outer'chamberianda Venpassage between said chambers, and a .c flcone-shap-ed electrode support in the outer chamber projecting into said passage. I 7. In a spark plug, a body member formed "with an inner and outer chamber and a Venin turi passagebetween said chambers, a depending annularfia nge around'said passage having tapered walls, one of whichwalls with the inner wall of said outer chamber defines an annular pocket, and a cone-shaped electrode support in the, outer chamber projecting into, said passage. f V

, with an inner and outer chamber and a Veni tur i passage between saidchambers, a cone- "shaped electrode support inthe outer chamber projecting into said passage, and an annular inclined; wall on the lowerportion of 8. In a spark plug, a body member formed 7

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