US177618A - Improvement in lamp-burners - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheen.

H. A. CHAPIN. LAMP-BURNER.

Patented May 23,1876.

Km HKIMTHOGRAPHU, WASHING-ON D. C.

2 SheetsSheet 2..

H. A. CHAPIN. LAMP-BURNER.

Patented May 23,1876

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aumzk QL mm. Pkmo-ummmn, mqumuron; o. c.

UNITED PATENT oar-ma HENRY A. CHAPIN, on NEW oRK, N. Y.

fIMP RO VE M ENT ,IN LAMP-BURN ERS.

Specification forming part'of Letters Patent No. 177,618, dated May 23,v 1876 application filed November 29, 1875.

is' to absolutely prevent persons using lamps from imprudently replenishing the reservoirs or founts with oil 'while the -lamp is alight, this act being always attended with great danger. This feature consists in such combination, with the filling-mouth, tube, or orifice and the body of a burner or a cover, of an extinguisher and a catch, that thesaid fillingmouth,; tube, ororificecannot be uncovered until the flame is extinguished. Another feature consists in a removable tip for the wick-tube,

whereby provision .is afforded for using the burner much longer than was formerly possible, and for insertingthe wick at the top of the j wick-tube proper, and thus obviating the necessity for removing the burner, and therebyl soiling the hands. Another feature consists in an opening in the air-distributer, whereby provision is afforded for lighting the lamp Without removing the chimney. Another feature consists in an extinguisher, whereby the flame may be put out without removing or blowing down the chimney. The invention also consists in some details of construction which will be hereafter explained.

The acccompanyin'g drawing illustrates the various features of my invention embodied in flat-wick burners, and for the sake of clear ness Ishall confine the following description to burners of that character.

Figure l is a central vertical section "of a lamp-burner embodying my invention in its simplest form, and Fig. 2 is a vertical 'section of the same, but is taken at right angles to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section of a lamp-burner in which another and somewhat more complex form of my invention is em- ,bodi'ed. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the same taken at right angles to Fig. 3, and on i the plane of the dotted line x m. Fig. 5 is a plan or top View of the same burner, the airdistributer being broken away to reveal features which are below it. Fig. 6 is a plan or top View of a burner, and Figs. 7,8, and 9 are vertical sections of burners, illustrating some slight modifications 'of my invention.

Referring, first, to Figs. 1 and '2, A desigparts-one of ordinary construction, which I term the wick-tube proper, and designate G,

and another which I term 'a renewable tip, and designate D. The latter, as its name implies, may be renewed whenever necessary. It may be securedto the wick-tube proper simply by friction, as illustrated in the drawing. The upper part of an ordinary wick-tube being the part of a burner which is first dcstroyed, a renewable tip provides for a much longeruse of theburner than otherwisecould be had. This is not, however, the only advantage due to this feature of my invention. It provides for the insertion of a wick from above, and hence obviates the necessity for removing the burner for this purpose, and

also the soiling of the hands incident thereto.

E designates ordinary wick-operating mechanism. F designates the air-distributer. It is perforated in the usual way, and at one side .of the wick-tube has an opening, b, provided with a suitable cover, 9, whereby provision is afforded for the insertion of a match to light the wick. G is an extinguisher, which may consist of a narrow piece of sheet metal having its upper end bent. and adapted to move with a rod, 0, parallel with and close to the wick-tnbe,in such a manner that the bent-over portion may be impelled across the top of the wick to extinguish the flame without removing or blowing through the chimneyyand, as the latter practice is attended with much danger, too 'much cannot be said in favor of anything which removes all inducement toit.

This extinguisher, by 'movin g across the'top of the wick, removes all the burnt carbon and other matter detrimental to the light, and thus in reality, trims the wick. It is obvious that this extinguisher is serviceable as a regulator to the flame, inasmuch as when moved partly across the top of the wick the uncovered part thereof only will burn. This is of advantage in the sick-room and other places where it is desirable to have a small light burning through the night, because it provides for the perfect combustion of a portion of the wick, and therefore obviates the escape of evaporated gases incident to the old method of reducing the" flame by turning downthe wick, and theresulting contamination of the air.

The drawing represents a catch, H, arranged on the extinguisher-rod, so that when the extinguisher is in its normal position, (as in Fig. 2,) the former will project under the shoulder of the reservoir or fount, as illustrated in the figure just referred to, and absolutely preclude the removal of the burner from the reservoir until the extinguisher has been impelled across the top of the wick, whereupon, all the light being put out, theburn'e'r may be're'moved. It will be seen that it is, therefore, impossible to fill the reservoir until after the light is put out, and that the danger of an explosion or a conflagration resulting from this imprudent act, hitherto much practiced, is entirely removed.

The several features which I have described may be embodied separately in different burners, if desirable.

Referring, now, to Figs. 3, 4, and 5, A designates the body of the burner, having a screw-threaded hub, a. O D designate the wick-tube. "E designates the wick-operating mechanismyF, an air-distributer; G, an extinguisher, and H a catch on'the latter. All of the parts are similar to those correspondingly lettered in the figures previously described. I designates a filling tube or chamber extending upward through the body A of the burner and laterally outward under the air-distributer and chimney-gallery. It has a perforated or reticulated bottom, allowing oil, but no flame, to pass through into thereservoir. It is provided with a vent of any suitable kind for the escape of air or gas from the reservoir while being replenished, a mouth or orifice near its outer end, and a cover, J, adapted to move over and past the latter, to close or open it, a handle, h, on such cover afl'ording convenience for manipulating it.

The tube I provides for filling the reservoir or fountof a lamp without removing the burner. Hence the liability of soiling the hands or objects surrounding the lamp is lessened. ()n the extinguisher-rod c is a toe, d, which projects over the cover J of this filling-tube, and in the way of a lug, e, arranged on the same. Hence the said cover cannot be opened until the extinguisher is first applied to the wick, and thus the light must be put out before the reservoir or fount can be replenished through this filling-tube, and all dangerfrom this source is removed.

As the extinguisher cannot be moved forward past the wick-tube after putting out the light, the wick can never be lighted till the former is moved back to its normal position. If the cover J is left open the act of putting back the extinguisher will efi'ect the closing of the cover through the agency of the toe d, and hence the cover J must be closed before the wick can be lighted.

It will, of course, be understood that the catch H on the extinguisher-rod 0 precludes the removal of the burner until the flame has been put out. Hence it is impossible to incur danger,- even if the possessor of the lamp chooses to fill the reservoir through its mouth in the ordinary way. The catch H, however, is not absolutely necessary in this burner.

Fig. 6 illustrates a burner having a fillingtube,1 substantially like the tube I just described, except that the month or opening thereof is furnished with a cover, J which is opened by swinging it aside toward the wicktube. The extinguisher-rod is provided with a shoulder, s which prevents said cover from being swung aside while the extinguisher is in its normal position. If, after theextinguisher has been applied to the wick and the reservoir or fount been replenished, the cover J is left open, the shoulder s will close the same when the extinguisher is moved back to enable the wick to be lighted, and hence all danger from this source is removed.

Fig. 7 represents a burner substantially like that last described, except that its filling-tube I has a hinged instead of a sliding or swinging cover, J and the extinguisher is provided with a finger,f, which, when the extinguisher is in its normal position, holds the cover shut, and only releases it when the extinguisher is manipulated to put outthe flame.

' Fig. 8 represents a burner provided with a filling-tube, 1 which extends out laterally beyond the edge of the air-distributer and chimneygallery, and containing an opening or orifice,0, through which the reservoir or fount may be replenished. This opening is closed by a cover, J to which the extinguisher-rod is so attached, or with which it is so combined, that the former cannot be opened till the extinguisher is impelled over the top of the wick.

Fig. 9 shows a burner whose extinguisherrod 0 is so constructed that it bears against.

the cover J of the mouth of a filling-tube, 1

arranged in a reservoir or fount, R, and pre-' cludes the opening of the latter till the extinguisher is applied to the flame.

It may be well here to suggest that the laterally-extending'portion of the filling-tube may extend outward from one side of the wicktube, instead of parallel with it, as in Fig. 9, and its mouth or orifice may be furnished with a cover like that last described, in which case,

if such cover be provided with an upturned lug, and the extinguisher-rod be provided with. a toe adapted to engage with the said lug when w the extinguisher is in its normal position, the

same results will be obtained as by the devices illustrated in Fig. '9, just described.

Instead of arranging the catch H on the ex-' tinguisher-rod c, a catch answering the same purpose may be connected with a pivot of a hinge-cover, such as [have just described, and

such cover may be held closed by the extin-' guisher-rod until the extinguisher is impelled across the wick, whereupon the cover may be swung aside, and the catch being thereby turned will disengage from the reservoirorj fount, and permit the removal of the burner extinguisher is in its normal position, and yet to permit the unscrewing of the burner after the extinguisher has'been manipulated to put out the flame.

It is obvious that multifarious modifications may be made without departing from the principle of this invention, the modifications herein illustrated being merely selected to give an idea of the scope of the invention. It is adapted to be applied to round-wick or Argand burners also.

It is important to mention that the extinguisher and wick-trimmer may be applied to burners without any of the. appurtenances, save the rod, which it has in the burners illustrated'in the accompanying drawing. It is worthy of remark that all these features of this invention may be embodied in'an ordinary burner. I have illustrated this by dotted lines in Fig. 1, wherein by one style of dotted lines an ordinary cone air-deflector is delinveated,and by another style of dotted lines an air-deflector such as is used in the well-known sun-burner.

It is obvious that, without departing from the principle of my invention, extinguishers adapted to move bodily toward either side of the wick-tube, or to swing or vibrate to and from the wick-tube, may be employed in connection with a catch. or precludingthe opening of the filling-mouth tube or orifice while the lamp is alight. r

The advantages of this invention may be summed up tersely, as follows: The danger of contlagra-tion, resulting from the imprudent act of replenishing the oil-reservoir of a lamp while the burner is alight, is obviated; burn-' ers can be used longer than hitherto; the wick can be inserted in the wick-tube from above,

, whereby the soiling of the hands is obviated;

thewick can be lighted and trimmed and the flame extinguished without removing the chimuey.

The use of a filling-tube renders it unnecessary to remove the burner from the reservoir or fount, as heretofore has been necessary, and hence the tendency to detach the collar from the reservoir is lessened. This is an i'nipor taut advantage, as at best collars are never.

very secure; also, filling through reticulated material,such as wire-gauze, within the filllug-orifice, absolutely prevents the flame from .coming in contact with the oil in thelamp.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to'secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination of the body of a lampburner, an extinguisher, and a catch, substantiallyas herein described, whereby the burner is absolutely precluded from being removed from the reservoir or fount to which it may be applied until the said extinguisher is manipu-. lated to put out the light.

2. The combination, with a mouth or orifice in a filling-tube provided in a burner or reservoir of a lamp, and a cover for such mouth or orifice, of an extinguisher and an appliance for precluding the opening of such month or orifice while the extinguisher is in its normal position.

3. The part of a burner consisting of the extinguisher G, rod 0, and catch H.

4. The part of a lamp-burner consisting of the extinguisher G and its rod 0.

-5. The extinguisher G, provided with a rod, 0, and combined with a lamp-burner, substantially as specified.

'6. The removable wick-tube tip, provided with a tang or strip at the bottom for insertion between the lower portion of a wick-tube proper, to which the said tip may be applied, and the adjacent parts of the body of the burner.

7. In a'lamp-burner, the combination of an air-distributer having on one side of the wick tube an opening of suitable size to permit the insertion of a match or other means for lighting the wick, and a cover for such opening preferably perforated to correspond with the said air-distributer, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

8. The combination of the following elements in lamp-burner, to wit: The wicktubes 0 D, extinguisher G, catch H, or its equivalent, for precluding the replenishingot' the reservoir or fount while the wick is alight;

the opening I), through which the wick may be lighted, and a suitable cover for the latter, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth..-

HENRY A. OHAPIN.

-Witnesses:

EDWIN S. Bnnooox, JOHN ADAMS.

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