US1776032A - Duplex bubble cap - Google Patents

Duplex bubble cap Download PDF

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Publication number
US1776032A
US1776032A US244614A US24461428A US1776032A US 1776032 A US1776032 A US 1776032A US 244614 A US244614 A US 244614A US 24461428 A US24461428 A US 24461428A US 1776032 A US1776032 A US 1776032A
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Prior art keywords
bubble cap
duplex
bubble
series
outer tube
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US244614A
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Julius E Kobernik
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
    • B01D3/18—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid with horizontal bubble plates
    • B01D3/20—Bubble caps; Risers for vapour; Discharge pipes for liquid
    • B01D3/205—Bubble caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
    • B01F23/231263—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element having dome-, cap- or inversed cone-shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
    • B01F23/231231—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material the outlets being in the form of perforations

Definitions

  • My invention relates to a bubble cap for use in apparatus for treating hydrocarbons, and in which absorbing, distilling, fractioning or stabilizing operations are carried on, especially in connection with the production of motor fuel.
  • apparatus of the class referred to There are many different types of apparatus of the class referred to, but my invention may be applied to any of them in which a gas or vapor is caused to pass upwardly through a series of reaction or mixing chambers, and in its upward passage is repeatedly and intimately brought in contact with a liquid hydrocarbon passing in the opposite direction by gravity.
  • the apparatus of the class referred to contains a series of mixing chambers vertically arranged one above the other, the partitions separating them being perforated, and over these perforations so called bubble caps are disposed; the object of such bubble caps being to divide into minute bubbles the ascending gases and vapors and to thoroughly mix such bubbles of gas and vapors with the hydrocarbon liquid in which the bubble caps are immersed.
  • the present invention relates to a bubble cap, and it is an object of this invention to provide a highly efIicient yet simple structure which is easily manufactured, assembled and installed.
  • Figure 1 shows a fragmentary view partly in section, of an apparatus for treating hydrocarbons.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of my improved bubble cap showing a portion of the partition on which it is mounted.
  • Fig. 3 is a central, Vertical section taken on the lines 3-3vof Fig. 2.
  • the partition is provided with perforations 5 over each of which a bubble cap designated as an entirety by the numeral 6 is mounted.
  • the liquid hydrocarbon enters the reaction chamber 2 by means of an inlet 7, and the bubble caps 6 are submerged in the liquid which is maintained at a predetermined level by means of an overflow pipe 8 conducting the hydrocarbon liquid from chamber 2 to the chamber 3 immediately below said chamber 3, having the same construction of partition bubble caps as shown in chamber 2.
  • the bubble cap consists of an outer tube 9 preferably circular in cross section, which is provided in its lower portion with two series of vertical slots 10 and 11 arranged horizonn tally, the slots of one series being in staggered relation to the other. It will be noted that the lower ends of the slots of series 10. and the upper ends of the'slots of the series 11, lie in substantially the same horizontal plane.
  • a hood or spreading member indicated as a whole by the numeral 12 is placed on the outer tube 9.
  • the hood 12 consists of the lid portion 13 closing the upper end of outer tube 9. Integral with the lid portion 13 is a tubular portion 11 extending vertically downwardly therefrom and fitting over the outside of the outer tube 9.
  • annular flange 15 provided with perforations 16.
  • a ring-like apron 17 extends downwardly, the lowerportion of which terminates in a plurality of V-shaped projections 18.
  • the inner tube 19 is of a size to fit the perforation 5 of the partition 4, and is concentrically arranged with relation to the outer tube 9, the upper end of which is spaced from the lid portion 13.
  • the inner and outer tubes are secured to the partition 4 preferably by welding, indicated at 20 and 21.
  • gas and vapor Will be divided into minute bubbles passing through the smaller -perforations 16 in the annular flange 15. If the gas and vapor should not pass through it with sufficient rapidity,ra pressure will be built up in the space below the annular flange 15 until the gas and vapor Will pass between the slots provided by the V-shaped projections j 18 and bubble through the hydrocarbon liquid in which the bubble caps are immersed.
  • duplex bubble cap The Construction of the duplex bubble cap is such that the gas and vapor will be caused to be divided into minute bubbles by passing through perforations 16 in the annular flange 15 and through the serrations formed bythe V-shaped projections 18 in the apron 17, and a violent boiling action will take place around each bubble cap, thus effectingan intimate mixture between the liquid, the vapor and the gas. It will be understood that the gas and vapor ascending upwardly are under a sucient pressure to prevent any appreciable amount of the liquid hydrocarbon from ⁇ iowing downwardly through theperforation 5.
  • bubble cap described is especiallly intended for use in hydrocarbon treatment apparatus, it will be understood that its 4use is not limited thereto, but may be eInployed in any apparatus where any gas or vapor is made to contact with a liquid.
  • duplex bubble cap for use in a hydrocarbon treatment apparatus of the class udescribed, comprising an open-ended outer cylindrical tube provided inI its lower portion with a plurality of horizontal series of vertical slots, the slots of one series alternating with the slots of the other series andtheir adjacent ends being in substantially the saine horizontal plane, a hood mounted on said terminating ina series of serrations, and an said lid.
  • a duplex bubble cap for use in a hydrocarbon'treatment apparatus of the class described, comprising an open-ended tube provided with a seriesof openings in its lower portion, a hoodmounted on said outer tube forming a lid therefor and provided with a horizontal perforated flange,said flange having a depending apron provided at its lower edge with a series of serrations, and an inner imperforate open-'ended tube concentrically arranged in said outer tube, the upper end of said inner tube being spaced from said lid.
  • a duplex bubble. cap of the class described comprising an open-ended outer tube provided with a series of openings in its lower portions, a lidV closing the upper end thereof, a perforated ange connected to said lid and extending laterally from said outer tube, said flange having a depending apron, and an inner open-ended tube in said outer tube, the upper end of said inner tube being spaced from said lid.
  • a duplex bubble cap for use in a hydrocarbon treatment appara-tus of the class described, comprising an open-ended tube provided in its lower portion with a series of" vertical slots, a hood mounted on said outer tube and forming a lid therefor, an annular perforated fiange integral with said lid and provided with a depending apron, said apron

Description

Sept. 16, 1930. J. KOBERNIK DUPLEX BUBBLE CAP Filed Jan. 5, 1928 mw mw \v m.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JULIUS E. KOBERNIK, 0F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA DUPLEX BUBBLE CAP Application led January 5, 1928.
My invention relates to a bubble cap for use in apparatus for treating hydrocarbons, and in which absorbing, distilling, fractioning or stabilizing operations are carried on, especially in connection with the production of motor fuel. There are many different types of apparatus of the class referred to, but my invention may be applied to any of them in which a gas or vapor is caused to pass upwardly through a series of reaction or mixing chambers, and in its upward passage is repeatedly and intimately brought in contact with a liquid hydrocarbon passing in the opposite direction by gravity.
The apparatus of the class referred to contains a series of mixing chambers vertically arranged one above the other, the partitions separating them being perforated, and over these perforations so called bubble caps are disposed; the object of such bubble caps being to divide into minute bubbles the ascending gases and vapors and to thoroughly mix such bubbles of gas and vapors with the hydrocarbon liquid in which the bubble caps are immersed.
The present invention relates to a bubble cap, and it is an object of this invention to provide a highly efIicient yet simple structure which is easily manufactured, assembled and installed.
My invention consists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.
Referring to the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification:
Figure 1 shows a fragmentary view partly in section, of an apparatus for treating hydrocarbons.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of my improved bubble cap showing a portion of the partition on which it is mounted.
Fig. 3 is a central, Vertical section taken on the lines 3-3vof Fig. 2.
The particular type of apparatus as stated before, is immaterial; the invention relating merely to the bubble cap placed over a perforation of a partition separating the reaction chambers.
1 indicates the shell of the apparatus; 2 and 3 are superimposed reaction or mixing Serial No. 244,614.
chambers separated by a partition 4. The partition is provided with perforations 5 over each of which a bubble cap designated as an entirety by the numeral 6 is mounted. The liquid hydrocarbon enters the reaction chamber 2 by means of an inlet 7, and the bubble caps 6 are submerged in the liquid which is maintained at a predetermined level by means of an overflow pipe 8 conducting the hydrocarbon liquid from chamber 2 to the chamber 3 immediately below said chamber 3, having the same construction of partition bubble caps as shown in chamber 2.
The bubble cap consists of an outer tube 9 preferably circular in cross section, which is provided in its lower portion with two series of vertical slots 10 and 11 arranged horizonn tally, the slots of one series being in staggered relation to the other. It will be noted that the lower ends of the slots of series 10. and the upper ends of the'slots of the series 11, lie in substantially the same horizontal plane. A hood or spreading member indicated as a whole by the numeral 12 is placed on the outer tube 9. The hood 12 consists of the lid portion 13 closing the upper end of outer tube 9. Integral with the lid portion 13 is a tubular portion 11 extending vertically downwardly therefrom and fitting over the outside of the outer tube 9. From the lower end of the tubular portion 14y extends an annular flange 15 provided with perforations 16. From the outer periphery of the annular flange 15 a ring-like apron 17 extends downwardly, the lowerportion of which terminates in a plurality of V-shaped projections 18. The inner tube 19 is of a size to fit the perforation 5 of the partition 4, and is concentrically arranged with relation to the outer tube 9, the upper end of which is spaced from the lid portion 13. The inner and outer tubes are secured to the partition 4 preferably by welding, indicated at 20 and 21.
The operation is as follows:
The gas and vapor ascending from chamber 3 will pass upwardly through perforation 5 through inner tube 19 and will be deflected downwardly as indicated by the arrows, and will, on its exit therefrom, be caused to flow downwardly and out of the slots 10 and 1l of the outer tube 9. Passing upwardly into the annular space provided by the annular ange 15 and the apron 17 of the hood 12,'the
gas and vapor Will be divided into minute bubbles passing through the smaller -perforations 16 in the annular flange 15. If the gas and vapor should not pass through it with sufficient rapidity,ra pressure will be built up in the space below the annular flange 15 until the gas and vapor Will pass between the slots provided by the V-shaped projections j 18 and bubble through the hydrocarbon liquid in which the bubble caps are immersed. The Construction of the duplex bubble cap is such that the gas and vapor will be caused to be divided into minute bubbles by passing through perforations 16 in the annular flange 15 and through the serrations formed bythe V-shaped projections 18 in the apron 17, and a violent boiling action will take place around each bubble cap, thus effectingan intimate mixture between the liquid, the vapor and the gas. It will be understood that the gas and vapor ascending upwardly are under a sucient pressure to prevent any appreciable amount of the liquid hydrocarbon from `iowing downwardly through theperforation 5.
While the bubble cap described is especiallly intended for use in hydrocarbon treatment apparatus, it will be understood that its 4use is not limited thereto, but may be eInployed in any apparatus where any gas or vapor is made to contact with a liquid.
Various changes in the construction and arrangement of parts may be made by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.
I claim:
1. duplex bubble cap for use in a hydrocarbon treatment apparatus of the class udescribed, comprising an open-ended outer cylindrical tube provided inI its lower portion with a plurality of horizontal series of vertical slots, the slots of one series alternating with the slots of the other series andtheir adjacent ends being in substantially the saine horizontal plane, a hood mounted on said terminating ina series of serrations, and an said lid.
3. A duplex bubble cap for use in a hydrocarbon'treatment apparatus of the class described, comprising an open-ended tube provided with a seriesof openings in its lower portion, a hoodmounted on said outer tube forming a lid therefor and provided with a horizontal perforated flange,said flange having a depending apron provided at its lower edge with a series of serrations, and an inner imperforate open-'ended tube concentrically arranged in said outer tube, the upper end of said inner tube being spaced from said lid.
4. A duplex bubble. cap of the class described, comprising an open-ended outer tube provided with a series of openings in its lower portions, a lidV closing the upper end thereof, a perforated ange connected to said lid and extending laterally from said outer tube, said flange having a depending apron, and an inner open-ended tube in said outer tube, the upper end of said inner tube being spaced from said lid.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.
JULIUS E. KOBERNIK.
pelioig spaced from the upper end of the outer l 2. A duplex bubble cap for use in a hydrocarbon treatment appara-tus of the class described, comprising an open-ended tube provided in its lower portion with a series of" vertical slots, a hood mounted on said outer tube and forming a lid therefor, an annular perforated fiange integral with said lid and provided with a depending apron, said apron
US244614A 1928-01-05 1928-01-05 Duplex bubble cap Expired - Lifetime US1776032A (en)

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2759720A (en) * 1951-03-10 1956-08-21 Kittel Walter Contact plate for use in a rectifying or contacting column
US2833632A (en) * 1954-05-27 1958-05-06 Exxon Research Engineering Co Apparatus for the combustion of fluid coke
US2862698A (en) * 1956-01-13 1958-12-02 Columbia Southern Chem Corp Contact device
US2893713A (en) * 1956-04-10 1959-07-07 Bayer Ag Bubble cap assembly
US3331194A (en) * 1965-12-08 1967-07-18 Zink Co John Flare stack structure and apparatus treating and controlling flow of gases to and from stack
EP0129198A1 (en) * 1983-06-17 1984-12-27 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Perforated bubble caps for enhanced vapor/liquid contact on a distillation tray
US5006283A (en) * 1988-10-06 1991-04-09 General Signal Corporation Mixing system for dispersing a compressible fluid such as gas into liquid in a vessel
US5409674A (en) * 1993-04-14 1995-04-25 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Reactor for preparing chlorine dioxide by reacting alkali chlorate with acid
WO1998014267A1 (en) 1996-10-04 1998-04-09 General Signal Corporation Mixer sparging apparatus
US6029956A (en) * 1998-02-06 2000-02-29 Foster Wheeler Usa Corporation Predominantly liquid filled vapor-liquid chemical reactor
US20020163091A1 (en) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-07 Kuang Wu Method and apparatus for improving a fractionation process
US20050129586A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2005-06-16 Hydrocarbon Technologies Inc. Apparatus for hydrocracking and /or hydrogenating fossil fuels
CN103464085A (en) * 2013-09-21 2013-12-25 南京福昌环保有限公司 Bubble-cap tower plate
US20160175734A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 IFP Energies Nouvelles Distributor tray for heat and/or material exchange columncomprising bubbling means
US10406483B2 (en) * 2013-09-11 2019-09-10 membion Gmbh Membrane filter and filtering method
EP3459610A4 (en) * 2016-05-16 2020-02-19 Benit M Co., Ltd. Gas distribution device and method for adjusting gas distribution ratio

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2759720A (en) * 1951-03-10 1956-08-21 Kittel Walter Contact plate for use in a rectifying or contacting column
US2833632A (en) * 1954-05-27 1958-05-06 Exxon Research Engineering Co Apparatus for the combustion of fluid coke
US2862698A (en) * 1956-01-13 1958-12-02 Columbia Southern Chem Corp Contact device
US2893713A (en) * 1956-04-10 1959-07-07 Bayer Ag Bubble cap assembly
US3331194A (en) * 1965-12-08 1967-07-18 Zink Co John Flare stack structure and apparatus treating and controlling flow of gases to and from stack
EP0129198A1 (en) * 1983-06-17 1984-12-27 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Perforated bubble caps for enhanced vapor/liquid contact on a distillation tray
US5006283A (en) * 1988-10-06 1991-04-09 General Signal Corporation Mixing system for dispersing a compressible fluid such as gas into liquid in a vessel
US5409674A (en) * 1993-04-14 1995-04-25 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Reactor for preparing chlorine dioxide by reacting alkali chlorate with acid
WO1998014267A1 (en) 1996-10-04 1998-04-09 General Signal Corporation Mixer sparging apparatus
US5925293A (en) * 1996-10-04 1999-07-20 General Signal Corporation Mixer sparging apparatus
US6029956A (en) * 1998-02-06 2000-02-29 Foster Wheeler Usa Corporation Predominantly liquid filled vapor-liquid chemical reactor
US20020163091A1 (en) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-07 Kuang Wu Method and apparatus for improving a fractionation process
US6799752B2 (en) * 2001-05-03 2004-10-05 Amt International, Inc. Method and apparatus for improving a fractionation process
US20050129595A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2005-06-16 Thomas Kao Liquid recycle inlet distributor for reaction vessel used in hydroconversion of fossil fuels
US7370847B2 (en) 2002-08-22 2008-05-13 Hydrocarbon Technologies Innovation Group, Inc. Grid plate bubble cap for reaction vessel used in hydroconversion of fossil fuels
US20050129587A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2005-06-16 Thomas Kao Reactor cup shell-in-shell riser for reaction vessel used in hydroconversion of fossil fuels
US20050169822A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2005-08-04 Thomas Kao Feedstream inlet sparger for reaction vessel used in hydroconversion of fossil fuels
US6960325B2 (en) * 2002-08-22 2005-11-01 Hydrocarbon Technologies Apparatus for hydrocracking and/or hydrogenating fossil fuels
US20050244311A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2005-11-03 Thomas Kao Grid plate bubble cap for reaction vessel used in hydroconversion of fossil fuels
US7350962B2 (en) 2002-08-22 2008-04-01 Hydrocarbon Technologies Innovation Group, Inc. Liquid recycle inlet distributor assembly
US20050129586A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2005-06-16 Hydrocarbon Technologies Inc. Apparatus for hydrocracking and /or hydrogenating fossil fuels
US7449155B2 (en) 2002-08-22 2008-11-11 Hydrocarbon Technologies Innovation Group, Inc. Reactor cup shell-in-shell riser for reaction vessel used in hydroconversion of fossil fuels
US7448603B2 (en) 2002-08-22 2008-11-11 Hydrocarbon Technologies Innovation Group, Inc. Feedstream inlet sparger for reaction vessel used in hydroconversion of fossil fuels
US10406483B2 (en) * 2013-09-11 2019-09-10 membion Gmbh Membrane filter and filtering method
CN103464085A (en) * 2013-09-21 2013-12-25 南京福昌环保有限公司 Bubble-cap tower plate
US20160175734A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 IFP Energies Nouvelles Distributor tray for heat and/or material exchange columncomprising bubbling means
EP3459610A4 (en) * 2016-05-16 2020-02-19 Benit M Co., Ltd. Gas distribution device and method for adjusting gas distribution ratio
US10649475B2 (en) 2016-05-16 2020-05-12 Benit M Co., Ltd. Vapor splitter and method for adjusting vapor split ratio
US11036243B2 (en) 2016-05-16 2021-06-15 Benit M Co., Ltd. Vapor splitter and method for adjusting vapor split ratio

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