US1773200A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 19, 1930.

' J. PRICE HEAT EXCHANGER 2 shuts-sheet 1 Original Filed Jan. 11, '1927 HIS ATT R wwf NEYS.

Original Filed Jan. 11, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR f ,a 'zce;

Die., Hm

Patented Aeg, 19, 1930.

PATENr OFFICE j UNITED STATES aosErE: PRICE, 'OE sr. GEORGE, NEW YORK, AssIeNoR 'ro eRrscOM-RUSSEIQL- COMPANY,

OE NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OE DELAWARE HEAT EXCHANGER Original applicationfiled J'anuarylll, 1927, Serial No. 160,324. Divided and this application led Aug-ust 13,

' 1927. Serial No. 212,676.

. transferring heat between two liquids, such for example as in oil refining operations, and

in transferring heat between a liquidand a vapor or gas, as for example in steam ower plants and industrial establishments. en used for' transferring heat between twoliquids, one liquid, vfor example oil, is passed through the shell of the exchanger and comes into contact withthe exterior surfaces of the l cooling tubes, whilethe other liquid, for example water, is sent through the interior of thetubes. In transferring heat between a liquid and a gas or vapor, the gas'or vapor such, for example, as steam, is usually passed into the shell, and the liquid forced through the tubes.

' The particular form of shell-and-tube heat` exchanger with whichthis invention is concerned is that form in which the tubes are secured' at each end to a pair of spaced tube sheets, and'suitable chambers are provided at each tube sheet to conduct the iiuid rst l through a portion of the t'Lbes 'and then're-` turn it through a different portion thereof before allowing it to leave the apparatus. The fluid therefore makes two ormore passes through the tube bundle beforebemg discharged. 'f Provision must be made for relatlve expansionbetween the shell and the tubes, inasmuch as it is frequently desirable to .make

the tubes of diiferent metal from that of the shell. Thus the tubes might be made of copper and theshell of steel, and these metals v having different coeflicients of expansion, a

greater lengthening or shortening of the tubes as Compared with the shell will take place ,for a given temperature change. Moreover,

even when the tubes and shell are made of the i same metal, there is not infrequently ay difference in temperature between the interior of the tube bundle and the surface of the shell which will set upexpanslon strams.

ported as to allow it to move bodily within the shell when expansion or contraction takes place. The cap or other element which forms the chamber or chambers for receiving the fluid from. one portion of the tubes and redirecting it into another portion of the tubes, is secured to the fioating tube sheet and moves vwith it.

It is highly desirable to construct such heat exchangers so that the tube bundle, including the two -tube sheets, can be removed as a unit from the shell for the purposes of occasional repair and the periodical cleaning which the use of oil and other viscous liquids-entails. It is also important thatthe tube bundle, as nearly as possible, fill the interior of the shell so as to prevent the tendency of the fluid within the shell to pass along this space'instead of passing into the interior of the tube bundle into contact with the surface of the tubes, which is known as short-circuiting.

One object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger of the floating head type of improved construction in which the outside diameter of the tube-bundle is only slightly smaller than the inside diameter vof theshell, the tube bundle therefore substantially filling the interior of the shell, the floatl ing head being of an improved. construction, whereby among other advantageous results, the cap forming the yfloating chamber may be readily attached to or removed from the tube sheet, and the tube bundle then removed as a unit from the shell.

Another object is to provide an improved form of connection between the capand the floating tube sheet, through the use of which the c ap member can be readily removed from the tube sheet in an easy and improved manner in disassembling the heat exchanger.

It is a particular object of the present vin,- vention to provide such a clamping device as will permit the removal of the device either in means of certain 'particular kinds of so-called sectional rings, yet it is equally true that thesepproposed structures have certain disadvantages. The chief diilicultyencountered vention is to make l adapted therefor.`

' clampingib with these structures-is the tendency of the sectional clampin about the inner edgle o the outer peri hery of the tube sheetv w ich they are inten ed to clam squarely and securely onto. the cap mem er. This condition obtains when the olts and nuts are set up.

Accor ugly, it is a further particular ob- 'ect of the present invention to provide a eatexchangerl in which the Heating headA is so constructed that canting or cock-.in of the clamping rin sections is elimina I, or reduced to an uno jectionable amount.

An important object of the present invenn tion is to provide means for carrying the` weight of thetube bundle and tube sheet when the shell cover and oating head cap are removed for the withdrawal of the tube-bundle, thus facilitating assembly and disassembly.

Another important obj ect of the present inpossible such an interchangeable construct1on at the" floating head end of the tube bundle above referred to, that greatly va ing and extreme temperatures of work may e carried out b 'merely substituting a different compositlon of clamping device to'coact with the cap member and tube sheet. That is, the capca-n be made of a composition which is the best for lthe-temperature work in uestion, though this material may not be ard or tou h enough to itself hold the necessary tap-bo ts, and these can be tapped instead into the clamping device itself, since this part can be made, by the present invention, of the material best The invention will be better understood by referring to ,the accompanying drawings, in which there is illustrated by way of example a heat exchanger of the present invention, and intended chiey for the purpose of transferring heat between water and oil, in oil refining operations. In these drawings,

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a heat exchanger embodying the preferred form of floating head construction of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail of thewsupp'orting means j head with the cap or cover 13 removed showing the sectional clamping ring;

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the floating head of Fig. 1;

joint at the Fig. 6 is a modification or variation of this Y joint, and,

Figs. 7 and 8 show a further modification i of the ring and joint.

Referringto the accompanying dra/Wings,l and first to Fig. 1, the invention comprises .a heat-exchanger having a casing or shell' l of any suitable `form to handle a Huid such as oil, and provided somewhat inthe usual manner, with an "oil inlet 2 on its upper surface, a baiile plate 3 extending horizontally through its middle, an outlet 4 on its lower surface, flanges 5 and 6 at opposite ends of the shell, a shell cover 7 rigidly secured to the flange 5 at one end, a rigid plate o'r tubel i sheet 9 at the other4 end, and a partitioned header 8 secured to the ange 6 over the tubeplate 9. A partition 10 .in the header 8 engages with the tube-sheet in any suitable man'- ner, and the header-has a water inlet 8 and outlet 8, and extending longitudinally of the, shell therefrom, and projecting into the shell-cover 7, are a series of tubes 11 forming a unitary, rigid tube-bundle. These tubes are anchored at one end in the specially constructed floating tube-sheet 12, which is made of a diameter onlyslightly larger than the perimeter of the tube-bundle, and just enough smaller in diameter than the shell to permit .it to readily slide therethrough towards the other endof the shell.

Referring now to Figs. 5 and 6, the floatin -head cover or cap member 13 is of a consi erably lar er diameter than the shell itself, and is secure y attached to the tube-sheet 12 over a'gasketby a clamping device comprisingthe ring 14 and the stud bolts 15 and nuts 16. This clamping ring 14 may be made in two or more arcuate sections, shown as 14 and 14 in Fig. 4, in-order to provide for easy removal of the ring 14: and floating chamber head 13 when it is desired to remove the tube bundle from the shell.

In Fig. 5 there is shown a detail of a novel this groove, the lane, flat, outer surface of the `rim of the tu e sheet -fts sf arely. The interior curved surface 29 o thel clamping ring is in'contact with the periphery'y of the tube sheet 12. The inner portion of the clamping ring has a lfiip extending toward the center o the ring an over the inner edge of the tube sheet 12. A recess 31 is cut in the tube sheet near its periphery forming a rib 30and the li on the clamping ring is also recessed, as s own at 28, forming a tongue which extends over rib 30 and into recess 31.

AWith this construction, when the bolts 15 are tightened, and canting of the sectional ring commences, the tongue on the ring isv ,i-ffoce against rib 30 which prevents further movement in the plane of the tube sheet, and

the tubes., and to support the tube-sheet and l clamping ring while the rest of the tube bundle is being disassembled, a stud bolt 19 is tapped into the flange 5 as shown in Fig. 2, and may have its head slabbed as at 20 to receivel a wrench or -other removing tool. There may also"be provided on the shellcover 7 a guideway 21, shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

Removal of the nbe bundle is effected by removing the shell cover 7, then removing the floating vhead cover 13, removing the upper section of the splitl ring 14, jacking up the floating tube sheet 12, removing the lower sections of the split ring and then readily withdrawing the entire tube bundle from the stationary end.

' In Fig. 6, there is shown a detail of a modiiied form of lioint. co-acting surfaces between the 'lip on the sectional ring and the inner face of the tube sheet 12 are made sloping so as to form a dove-tailed joint, instead of the square faced joint shown in Fig. 5. rlhe dove-tailed interlocking joint has the advantage that the tighter the bolts 15 are drawn,vthe closer the curved surface of thevsectional ring 14h is forced against the peripheryvof the tube sheet. Because lof this fact, it is substantially impossible for an canting whatever to occur in this form of joint.

Another modification isshown in Figs. 7

and 8.- In order toV adapt the general inventive'idea outlined in the objects of the invention to abnormally Ahigh temperature and high pressure work, it is contemplated by the present invention to use a single, solid clamping ring 39 to carry thestud-bolts 15 for clamping the cap member 13 to the tubesheet 12. With this modification the ring may be removed from the tube sheet by a slight, easy rotation and then a pull, and no repetition of these motions is necessary.

The single, solid clamping ring 39 of Figs. 7 and 8 is provided,l around inner periphery, with -a series of equally spaced` groups of wedge-members, 43, the'w'edge members thus alternating with clear spaces or slots 37. The floating tube-sheet 12. is provided on its periphery with complementary wedgeshaped members 43, likewise alternating with clear spaces or slots 37. The outer face of the tube sheet 12' is plane. Thus, when the ring 39 is placed against the tubesheet and slightly rotated until its wedges In this modification, the,

the bolts 15 will serve to efectually clamp the cap to the tube-sheet without` binding, cocking, or canting.

The iioating head structure of this form of the present invention can be disassembled by merely removing the cap member, rotating the solid ring until the wedge members on one piece register with the openings 37', and then slippin the ring outwardly off the tubesheet, a l in a very easy, ra id manner.

This application is a ivisional application of a copending application by Jose h Price, filed January 11, 1927, Serial o. 160,324.

I claim.:

1. A heat exchanger of the class described comprising a shell, a tube bundle therein, a movable tube sheet for one end of the tube bundle, a cap for said tube sheet of a larger diameter than the shell the rim of the cap lying against the outer face of the tube sheet, a sectional ring in spaced relation to the cap and having a curved interior surface in contact with the outer periphery of the tube sheet and having av lip extending over the inner edge of the tube sheet, and an interengage those onthe tube-sheet, setting upl locking joint between said lip and the tubeV plurality of bolts for drawing the sectional ring toward said cap thereby clamping the cap to the tube sheet.

2. A heat exchanger of the class described comprising a shell, a tube bundle therein, a movable tube sheet for one endof the tube bundle, a cap for said tube sheet of a larger diameter than the shell, the rim of the cap lying against the outer face of the tubesheet, a sectional ring in spaced relation to the cap and clampingly associated with the periphery of the tube sheet and the rim of the cap, and a' plurality of bolts therebetween for securing said parts together, the sections of the sectional ring each having a portion extending circumferentially of the tube sheet, and a portion in contact with the inner face of the tube sheet, and interlocking formations onl said latter portion and the tube sheet respectively, by which the stress in said bolts causes said circumferential portions of the ring sections to be forced against the periphery of the tube sheet, so as to reduce the tendency of the ring sections to cant when the bolts are tightened.

3. A heat exchanger of the class described comprising a shell, a tube bundle therein, a movable tube sheet for one end of the tube bundle, a cap for said tube sheet of a larger .diameter than the shell, the rim of the cap lying against the outer face of the tube sheet,

a. sectional ring in s aced relation to the cap and having a curve interior surface in contact with the outer periphery of the tube sheet and having a lip extending -over the inr4 l A 1,773,206 v ner edge of the tube sheet, the tube sheet having a recess in its inner face near the edge, a to e on said sectional ring dis osed wlthin sai recess, and a plurality of bo ts for draw- 5 ing the sectional ring toward said cap thereby clam ing the cap to the tube sheet.

4. A eatexchanger of the class described comprising a shell,- a tube bundle therein,'a movable tube sheet for one end of the tube lo bundle, a cap for said tube sheet of a larger diameter than the shell, the rim of the cap lying against the outer face of the tube sheet, a sectional ring in spaced relation to the cap and having a curved interior surface in contact with the outer eriphery of the tube sheet and having a ig extendin over the inner edge of the tube s eet, and a ove-tailed joint bet-Ween said lip and the tube sheet for preventing out-ward movement of the lipl in the plane of the tube sheet, and a plurality,

of bolts for .drawin the sectional Iring toward said cap there y` clamping the cap to the tube shee In testimony whereof Il ailix my si ature.

JOSEPH P ICE.

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