US1772821A - Concrete revetment - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 12, 1930., WEBER 1,772,821

CONCRETE REVETMENT Filed March 11, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l gn uentoz z mmxmmmxm' Aug. 12, 1930. c. WEBER CONCRETE REVETMENT Filed Maire-h 11, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Aug. 12, 1930 PATENT OFFICE CARL WEBER, OI JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA.

CONCRETE REVETMEN'I.

Application filed March 11, 1929. Serial No. 346,080.

My invention relates to the construction of concrete revetments orpavements, sometimes also called linings, for the protection of the slopes of dams, levees, dykes and canal banks r. against erosion, or even of the bottoms ofrivers and canals. It can also be used for the protection of the fore-shore at the foot of sea-walls and bulkheads, to prevent scouring of the ground in front of the same and the consequent undermining of the structure.

The revetment or pavement, hereinafter described and claimed, is also advantageously adapted for use as the decks of piers and docks, for roadways and Warehouse floors on 15. filled ground, and for other similar purposes.

The object of my invention is to provide an economical and efiicient revetment for the purposes mentioned and of such a construction as will furnish a homogeneous covering 2 for the earth or other surface so that erosion and washouts will be prevented, while the revetment will have'sufiicient elasticity to accommodate itself to settlements or other movements of the surface, such as are liable to occur in filled ground.

I accomplish this object by fabricating reinforced concrete slabs or revetment sections with open grooves or joint spaces at their sides and ends and withdouble steel reinforc ing rods running through the slabs in one direction with their looped ends projecting into said grooves; then to unite the slabs to form a complete mat, steel tie-rods are passed through-the overlapping looped ends of the reinforcing rods of adjacent slabs, and the grooves containing said tie-rods, as well as the grooves on the other two sides of the slabs, are filled with cement or other plastic composition, which prevents rusting of the rod joints while imparting a certain degree of elasticity to the revetment, floor or mat as a whole. 1

The construction and assemblage of the revetment, in accordance with my invention, will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanyingdrawing, in which,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of one of the slabs;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same,

so taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross section, taken on line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section on a larger scale through the ends of two adjacent slabs forming part of the completed revetment;

Fig. 5 is a section on a smaller scale of a revetment in situ on a sloping bank;

Fig. 6 is a similar View of a portion of such a revetment provided with an anti-slipping surface, and 6.3

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a portion of a completed revetment.

Each concrete slab 1 has all four of its edges recessed, cut away or beveled from the top surface so as to form, with the edge of an adjoining slab, (indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2), an undercut groove 2 having a V- shaped bottom 3, while the lower portion of the edges are left vertical to abut those of the next slab, as shown at 4. In other words, the upper portions of the sides of the groove are inclined inwardly or undercut, while the next lower portions are inclined outwardly and downwardly to form the V-shaped bottom 3, the apex 5 of the V coming at the upper corners of the remaining vertical portions of the slab edges.

Embedded in each slab and running longitudinally thereof, in the example illustrated, are double steel rods 7, the parallel strands of which lie in the same vertical plane while their looped ends 8 project through the inwardly inclined walls of the groove and extend somewhat beyond the plane of the vertical edge portion 4.

These slabs are fabricated at any convenient point from which they can be transported to the place of use.

When the slabs are laid in their assembled position, the said looped ends 8 overlap and steel rods 9 are then threaded through said ends to hingedly connect the slabs together. These rods .9 prevent the separation of the slabs in the longitudinal direction and also 95 unite them in the transverse direction because said rods extend throughout the width of the revetment or mat.

After the slabs and the transverse reinforcing rods .9 have been put in place, the grooves 100 2 are filled with concrete or cement mortar 1O referably firmly tamped down.

he form of the grooves and of their cement filling being dovetail, the slabs are kept in alineinent and the filling will not be forced out of place if uneven settlements occur, or if the groove should become slightly enlarged by shrinkage or movements caused by temperature stresses.

The presence of the numerous joints in the revetment and of the interlocking steel reinforcements in each joint provides sufficient elasticity so that, for all ordinary conditions, special shrinkage joints, commonly known as expansion joints, can be dispensed with. Where considerable elasticity is required, the joint groove filling 10 may be bituminous concrete or other yielding material.

In this way, the completed revetment forms a practically monolithic, waterproof ground covering.

When the revetment is used for the protection of the slopes of levees, dykes, canal banks and the like, its lower end may abut a shoreline wall or bulkhead 11, as shown in Fig. 5. Such steep slopes, especially on the banks of waterways, are dangerous to the workmen and the public on account of their slipperiness. Therefore. to prevent accidents by making the sloping surfaces safe to Walk upon, the tops of the slabs may be corrugated, ribbed or grooved to form step-like footholds, i. e., an anti-slipping surface, as shown at 12 in Fig. 6. Such a roughened surface also serves to break up waves, caused by wind or passing vessels, and thus prevents excessive splashing and scouring action.

For the placing of the revetmentson canal or river bottoms or other under-water locations, the slabs must often be assembled in the form of mats on floats or barges. In such cases the reinforcement rods are reversed in position to allow a hinge-like action in the placing of the mats. That is, the looped rods 7 run transversely and the hinge rods 9 longitudinally of the slabs.

In these revetment mats for permanent under-water use, the joint grooves may be left open. The steel bars in the same are practically rust-proof when permanently immersed and, as the joint grooves quickly fill with silt and mud, no special cement/filling is usually necessary. If, however, cementing of the joints in certain under-water locations should be needed, it can be applied by any of the known sub-aqueous grouting or cementing methods.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

' 1. A revetment or mat for the purposes described, comprising a plurality of concrete.

slabs, each having its edges shaped so as to form, with the adjacent edges of the adjoinmg slabs, grooves of dovetail shape with running V-shaped bottoms adapted to receive a plastic filler, reinforcing rods runningin one direction in each slab and projecting into said grooves, and tie rods running in said grooves and engaging said first rods.

2. A revetment or mat for the purposes described, comprising a plurality of concrete slabs, each having its edges recessed so as to form, with the edges of the adjacent slabs, 'oint grooves of dovetail shape with V-shaped ottoms,'double reinforcing rods embedded in each slab with their looped ends projecting into said grooves, tie rods placed in said grooves so as to pass through said loops, and a plastic composition filling said grooves.

3. A revetment or mat for the purposes described, comprising a plurality of concrete slabs having their edges inclined inwardly from the top for a portion of the depth of the slab, thence inclined outwardl for a portion of the remaining depth, an thence vertically to the bottom, whereby joint grooves of dovetail shape with V-shaped bottoms are formed, when the slabs are assembled, to receive a filling of cement or the like, looped reinforcing rods embedded in each slab and projecting into said grooves, and tie rods in said grooves running at right angles to and engaging said reinforcing rods.

4. A revetment or mat for the purposes described, comprising a plurality of premolded rectangular concrete slabs having their four sides cut back from the top of the slab so as to form, in conjunction with the sides of adjacent slabs, dovetail grooves with V-shaped bottoms, double reinforcing rods embedded longitudinally in each sla-b so that their looped ends project into certain of said grooves and overlap the looped ends of the tie rods in an adjacent slab, transverse rods laid in said grooves and passing through said overlapping looped ends, and a cement filling tamped into said grooves.

5. A revetment mat, consisting of a plurality of concrete slabs the sides of which are of such shape as to form dovetail grooves between the slabs, double looped reinforcing rods running longitudinally through each slab with their looped ends projecting from the ends of the slabs so as to overlap the ends of the rods in the adjoining slabs, and tie rods running through said overlapped ends, all the grooves being filled with a cementitious material.

In testimony-whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

CARL 'WEBER.

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