US1772557A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

u8- 12 1930- c. P. scHuMERs l 1,772,557

HEAT EXCHANGER mm1 nec. 2o, 192s Patented Aug. 12, 1930 UNITED ASTATES PATENT OFFICE CLARENCE P. SCHUMERS, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS HEAT EXCHAN GER Application led December 20, 1928. Serial No. 327,204.

The present invention relates to heat eX- changers, and particularly to those which are rapid in action and substantially instantaneous to fulfill immediate demands for small quantities of tempered liquids, such as hot water. V

The invention is particularly adapted to Water heaters but may be applied to water coolers, or to heating and cooling any liquid medium as may be desired.

The principles upon which the invention operates are of course old in the broadest sense, but it is my belief that the particular manner in which they are applied and the l5 means I employ is new.

One object of the invention is to cause a liquid to flow in a thin layer delined by heat transferring Walls.

A particular object of the invention is to cause a liquid to flow in a thin layer defined by heat transferring walls.

A particular object is to cause a flow of liquid upward through a thin annular space.

A further object of the invention is the automatic control of the heat or cold in timed relation to the How of liquid to be. tempered.

Still another object of the invention is the emptying of the thin space during each period of idleness.

Another object is the provision of apparatus capable of effecting each and all of the various purposes above set forth, and of carrying out other and ancillary objects for additional advantages of the invention as will appear from the following description of the apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates a longitudinal section of a cylindrical electric heater, including certain valve, electric, and pipe connections used in combination therewith.

Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 are diagrammatic representations of the valve and electric switch positions.

Fig. 6 is a .modified form of heat eX- changer.

Preferably, I provide an apparatus which has a thin annular space defined by walls, one or both of which may be heated or cooled.

In Fig. 1 two concentric walls 10 and 11 form the space 12, and an electrical heating unit 14 fits inside the inner wall 11 and a unit l5 surrounds the outer wall 10. The walls 10 and 11 are preferably of very thin metal such as brass, bronze or copper tubing, lengths of which are secured to suitable fittings, as by braZing or threading.' An annular ring 16 provides an internal surface for the inside wall 11, and an integral annular flange 17 provides an internal surface for the inside wall 11, and an integral annular iange 17 provides an internal surface for the outer wall 10.

Between the ends of the two flanges 17 the heating unit 15 is provided in any suitable way, suoli as for example, the provision of a mica insulation 18 over tube wall 10, the coil 19 of resistance wire, inlaid in a cement 2O and covered by insulating substance 21. Lead wires 22 and 23 are shown.

The inner heating unit 14 may be dispensed with, depending of course upon all the other dimensions and the uses and requirements of the device. F or the greatest service in heating it may be provided and employed in combination with the outside coil. It may comprise a coil 24 wound in grooves 25 in a removable core 26 which fits snugly inside the inner tube 11. Leads 27 and 28 are shown in parallel with the other leads 22 and At the top of the device there is a pipe connection 30 entering the annular space 12, and at the bottom a similar pipe connection 31. The bottom pipe 31 is preferably used as an inlet and the top one as an outlet. The outlet pipe 30 joins a pipe 32 vented to the air above the connection, at 33, which extends downwardly to a point below the bottom of the heater where it is joined by a pipe 34. The free end 35 of pipe 32 is used to deliver hot water into any receptacle such as the receiver 36 to be later described.

Inlet pipe 31 serves also as a drain pipe for water left in the heater, and the several uses of pipe 31 are controlled by a suitable valve. The valve may have other functions as will be readily apparent from the description of one form of valve I have illustrated,

rin

hot. By the time `out it is at the desired temperature,

, iiroperly related to secure this effect. 'cold or cool water need be drawn away and this being specifically, a tour-way two-port valve. lt will or" course be understood that the same etlect and connections may be obtained by use ot several valves, but l prefer to use the type described for the reason that one contiol may be made to etect valve and electrical connections in desired related manner.

l show in lligul a valve casing 3T into which four pipes enter, pipe 31, pipe a water supply pipe 3S and a water tlow line 39. :in operating handle 40 illustrated tor a valve member which controls communication between the ports for said tour connections. In association with the valve handle there is an electric switch box 4l in which electric switches are actuated variously actlie position of the valve.

rllhe heatingT elements in the heater are controlled liu' one s *itch The receptacle 3G has a heater 42 associated with it to` preserve the heated condition ot the water delivered by the heater. Leads 43 and 44 are provided Jfor the receiver heating means.

rl`he numeral 45 indicates any other apparatus, the particular character of which is well in mind 1aut omitted here as forming no part et this invention, in which heat and power, such as may be provided by a :Flow ot water, is required, and in which hot water may he used. The water flow pipe 39 is indicated in connection with device 45 as well as two electrical leads 46 and 47.

All the leads 47, 43, 27 and Q2 are connected to a line feed wire 48. rThe other leads 4G, 44 QS-QS are connected to three pointsin 'the switch boi; containing` switches A, B and C (in the diagrams) and then in common to the line feed wire 49.

In the line 31 l use a valve which permits a restricted and regulated flow of water into the heater. ln Fig. Q, show the valve member 52 as having a right angular pas sageway therein for effecting conne is between the lines 38, 3l, 34 and 39 as aoout to be described.

ln Fig. 2 the connection 53 permits liow 'ot water from supply line 3S into the heater.

rEhe switch A is arranged to be closed in this positiomso that as soon as the water is perniitted to flow, heat is provided. The heater being; empty receives a slow risingsupply 01"' water, 'thus permitting the walls to become the water is ready to flow and et course the construction and adjustment are discarded as het water is delivered initially into receiver 36. Then suliicient water is drawn oit the valve is turned to position ot l 3, shutting'o'lt'the supply of water, permitting the surplus, small in quantity, to drain from the heater into pipe 34 and hence into receptacle 3G it desired. The switch .jr

is open so that no heat supplied to the heater, but the residual heat will serve to raise the tei peinture ot' the water, the middle and ein-i portion of the bach-running water. ln the position ot Fig'. Q switch B may be closed automatically to heep tl wa delivered o receptacle 36 in a heated condition. It is required tor the receptacle the ned to p "ition et Fig. 4, opening 't service is desired from apparave is turned to position of Fig. {.l I through line 39, at time providing current to the dethe same vice by closure ot switch C.

it will be readily understood that certain fniiiilar principles. w i l -rovide thin annular space, or it may other l" ot i shape, by nesting two reauch elongated cups, that is, tubu .embers (SO and Gl with closed ends 62 to provide a thin space (54. ihe end prorided with an oui'tlow pipe G5 which =seiit instance turns downward and -i'oni within the device. )utside of SO l provide me f1 A such as the jachet space (5G toi-ined vitliiii a third tubular member 6T havinnl a closed end (58 with a how-pine The tubular members are all secured to a head littinf;v TO, having an annular tlange T i and (il. and e periphery within '.i'he jacket space G6 has a iiow line leading iiitc 'il at tbottoni. and the thin space G4 has an inlet at the bottom.

1Water, brine, rte-ain, or other liquid niav be circulated thro k the jacket, to temper walls ot the tain space, and the liqiiid g' iii the 'thin space from inlet 'T3 is temed, overflowingv lthrough the outlet U5. trol may he ei'ected a in the device oit gli'. l, or in any other preferred manner.

During` continuous operation ot the device trie direction in which liquid `flows in the heat exchanger has little signiiicance, but when the device used more or less inter iittently, it may be in homes. for cool:-

etc.. drawing small quantities oif water nitei'niittcntlv. it '1 quite beiielicial, inproiiiiti liv water (or other liquid) at the e. fed temperature Vtor whicii it is set.

Yln 3, l have shown another moditication (iii dotted where the pipe 30 is shown cnt: Y"lcd ai; o. tor connection to pipe 34, extended at $54, By this constructioinin place oi operating,- device 45, the valve may l between (Sil " valve controlling said drain means,

be made to deliver cold water directly to the heated water which has been the same if initially temperature.

What I claim is:

l. A heat exchanger for tempering liquids comprising in combination thin walled means forming an elongated thin walled space, closures for the ends of said space, inlet-forming means near one end, outflow means near the other end, heat tempering means for said thin walled means, a control for the tempering means, a control at the inlet for liquid supplied through said inlet, means to drain said space and common operating means for said two controls.

2. A heat exchanger for tempering liquids comprising in combination thin walled means forming a vertically elongated thin space, a closure for the bottom of said space, inletforming means near the bottom end, outflow means near the other end, heat tempering means for said thin walled means, a control for the tempering means, a control at the inlet for liquid supplied through said inlet, means to drain said space and common operating means for said controls.

3. A heat exchanger for tempering liquids comprising in combination thin walled means forming a vertically elongated thin space, a closure for the bottom of said space, inlet-forming means near the bottom end, outflow means near the other end, tempering means for said thin walled means, a control for said tempering means, a two-way valve control for said inlet, a source of liquid to be tempered, a drain connection, said valve being arranged alternately to connect said source and said drain connection to said inlet, and a common operating means for said two controls arranged to temper flowing liquid and to cut off tempering action during draining of the space.

4. In a heat exchanger of the class described in combination, means forming a vertically elongated thin space for a fiowing liquid, tempering means for liquid in said space, a control for said tempering means, inlet-forming means to the bottom ot' said space, outflow means near the top of said space, a source of' liquid, a drain connection, a two-way valve adapted alternately to connect the inlet to said source and to said drain connection, said tempering control means being operatively related to the valve to effect tempering of liquid flowing from the source into said inlet and to be inoperative upon flowing from the inlet through the drain.

5. In combination a heat exchanger adapted for a flow of liquid therethrough in a thin space, means for tempering the liquid flowing in said space, a liquid supply, a valved connection for controlling the flow of liquid, means to drain liquid from said space, a said delivered at too high a supplied, to coolvalve and the said valved connection being associated for draining the space after cutting off the flow of liquid therethrough.

6. In combination a heat exchanger adapted for a flow of' liquid therethrough in a thin space, means for tempering the liquid flowing in said space, a liquid supply, a. valved connection for controlling the flow of liquid, means to drain liquid from said space, a valve controlling said drain means, said valve and the said valved connection being associated for draining the space after cutting off the flow of liquid therethrough, a control for the tempering means, said control being operatively related to the drain control valve for rendering the tempering means ineffective during draining.

7. In combination a source of liquid to be heated, an electrically operated heater for heating liquid flowing therethrough, electrically operated heating means, a delivery pipe for heated liquid, a valved drain pipe entering the delivery pipe, and a valve between said source and said heater, said valve and said valved drain connection being operatively associated to permit draining' the heater into the delivery pipe after the flow from the source is cut olf.

8. In combination a. source of liquid to be heated, an electrically operated heater for heating liquid flowing therethrough, electrically operated heating means, a delivery pipe for heated liquid, a valved drain pipe entering the delivery pipe, a valve between said source and said heater, said valve and said valved drain connection being operatively associated to permit draining the heater into the delivery pipe after the fiow from the source is cut off, and a switch control for the electric heater. said switch control being operatively related to the valved connections for supplying heat during flow of liquid from the source and to cut off heat Iduring flow through the drain.

9. In a device of the class described, in combination, an electrically operated liquid heater, a fluid source, a heater drain, an inlet for liquid to said heater, a receiver for heated liquid, an electric heater for said receiver, a valved connection between said source and said heater, a valved connection from said heater to said drain, an electric switch for the.

liquid heater, an electric switch for the receiver, said two valved connections and said electric switches being operatively associated for closure of the liquid heater switch only during fiow of liquid through the heater, and for closure of the receiver heater during establishment of the open drainage connection from the heater.

10. In a device of the class described, in combination, an electrically operated liquid heater, a liquid source, an inlet for liquid to said heater, a valved connection between said source and said inlet, an electric switch for v" said heater,

said heater, said valved connection and said switch being operativelvY associated to closev the switch onlyv when liquid flows troni the source through the heater, a receiver for heated liquid. a liquid operated device, and a valved connection between said liquid source and said device, said valved connection being' op erativelv7 related to the irst mentioned valved connection Ytor permitting 'flow troni the source through but one valved connection at. auf,7 one time.

ll. In a device ot the class described, in combination, an electricallj,7 operated liquid heater, a liquid source, an inlet tor liquid to valved connection between said source and said inlet, an electric switch for said heater, said izlved connection and said s vitch being operativelvT associated to close the switch onlv when liquid tiows from the source through the heater, a receiver tor heated liquid, a liquid operated device, a valved connection between said liquid source and sa` d device, said valved connection being operativel)T related to the lirstmentioned valved connection tor permitting iow from the source through but one valved connection at any one time, an electrical ineans, and a switch tor said ineans operatively associated with said second valved connection Jfor closure during; operation ot said liquid operated device.

12. ln a device et the class described, in combination, `n electrically operated liquid heater, a liquid source, an inletor liquid to said heater, a valved connection hetween said source and said inlet, an electric switch tor said heater, said valved connection and said switch beine' operativelyvv associated to close the switch onlv when liquid liows 'troni the source through the heater, receiver tor heated liquid, an electric heater for said rcceiver, switch 'lor said heater operatively associated with said valved connection tor closure ot the switch utter closure ot the valved connection to stop flow of water through the heater. a liquid operated device, val'ved coniiection between said liquid source and said device, said valved connection beine,` operatively related to the first inentioned valvcd connection tor permitting 'llow troni the source through but one valved connection at auf,- one tiine, an electrical ineens, and a switch tor said nieans operativel' i second valved associated with said redirection Vtor closure duriingoperation ot said liquid operated device.

ln a device et the class described, in combination, an electricallvT operated liquid heater, an inlet for liquid to said heater, a liquid source, drain 'tor said heater, a liquid operated. device, a tour-way two-port valve having its tour ways connected (l) tosaid source, to said inlet, to said device and (el) to said drain, and having its ports yadapted to establisa the 'following connections: (a) said source to said inlet, (l0) said source to said device, (c) inlet to said drain, and (d) all other positions being a nonoporating or ott-position, a receiver tor heated liquid, an electical v operated ineans as'ssociated with said liquid operated device, a switch .tor said incans, sai ,vitchcs he'ngr operatively; ociated with :ard valve ttf operation therewith to close the liquid lieate switch onl)v during; flow ot.' water through the heater, to close the switch oit the electricall)T operated ineans oni)v during the establishment ot the connection troni the liquid source to said liquid. operated device, and to open all switcl es in the oil-position of the valve. i

ll. in a device ot the described. in combination, an electricalljiY operated liquid heater, an inlet for liquid to said heater, liquid source, a drain for said heater, a liquid operated toni-wav twirport valve having; s connected to (l) said source, (n) to inlet, (3) to said device and (l) to drain, and having its ports adapted to establish the iollowinfr Vconnections: (a) said source to said inlet, (c) said source to sait. device, (c) said inlet to said drain, and (d) all other positions being," a non-operating or oli'-position, a receiver for heated liquid, a heater tor said receiver, a switch 'tor said receiver heater, an electricallj.Y operated incans associated with said liquid operated device, a switch tor said ineans, said switches being operatively associated with said valve for operation therewith to close the liquid heater switch only. during llow ot water through the heater, to close said rcceiver heater switch only during; establishnient of the drainage connectionfto close the switch ot the electricalh7 operated n'ieansv only during the establisninent of the connection troni the liquid source to said liquid operated device, and to open all switches in the oil-position ot the valve.

ln witness whereo't' l Arave nay signature.

CLABEN hereunto all'ixed lE l. SCHUMERS.

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