US1772042A

US1772042A - A cobpqbation of

Info

Publication number: US1772042A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1930-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 1947-08-05

Description

Aug. 5, 1930. R. HEIM APPARATUS FOR" PRODUCING GROUND ARTICLES 'Original Filed March 50. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 3513A abtovnm Aug. 5, 1930. R. HEIM APPARATUS .FOR PRODUCING GROUND ARTICLES Original Filed March 30, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 @51 A alum/M1 8 Aug. 5, 1930. R. HEIM 1,772,042

' APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GROUND ARTICLES Original Filed March 30, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 30 401% Suvenfo:

$3 aftozme- Patented Aug. 5, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LEWIS HEIM, OF MOUNT DORA, FLORIDA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO CINCINNATI GRINDERS INCORPORATED, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GROUND ARTICLES Application filed March 30, 1922, Serial No. 547,999. Renewed October 10, 1929.

This invention relates to. grinding and grinding apparatus.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide an art of grinding which will be wholly practicable and which may be carried on in practice togive accurate and reliable results. Another object is to provide grinding apparatus of practical construction and dependable and eificient action. Another object is to provide apparatus of the above nature of unitary and compact construction adapted particularly for grinding cylindrical objects and having self-contained mechanisms of practical construction and effective action for maintaining the abrasive wheels of such apparatus in condition for most efficient and accurate action. Other objects will be in part obvious or in part pointed out hereinafter. The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements, arrangements of parts, and in the several steps and relation and order of each of said steps to one or more of the others thereof, all as will be illustratively described herein, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the mechanical features of this invention,

-Figure 1 is a front elevation; and Figure 2 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, certain parts being broken away to show certain features of construction more clearly.

Figure 3 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and

Figure 4 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale taken alon the line 44 of Fig. 2.

Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a pair of carriages and the adjusting mechanism therefor.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

Referring riow to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, there is shown a supporting frame 10 having mounted thereon in

suitable ways

11 and 12 respectively the

carriages

13 and 14. The carriage 13 is provided with suitable bearings 15 in which is rotatably supported a shaft 16 having mounted on one end a grinding wheel 17 composed of any suitable abrasive ma terial. The carriage 14 is similarly provided with suitable bearings 18 adapted to support rotatably the shaft 19 upon one end of which is the regulatin wheel 20 thus mounted for coaction with 1316 grinding wheel 17. The regulating wheel 20, as will be hereinafter more clearly set forth, is adapted to control the work operated upon by the grinding wheel 17 and may conveniently be made of a suitable abrasive material.

Turning now to Fig. 5 of the drawings there is shown the adjusting means for the carriages 13- and 14 and it will be seen that the carriage 14 is provided with a downwardly extending boss 22 through which is threaded a shaft 23 held against longitudinal movement by means of the collars 24 resting against opposite ends of the bearing 25 on the frame 10 of the machine. The threaded portion of the shaft 23 extends only throughout such a fraction of the length of the shaft as will give to the carriage 14 the desired range of travel in theways 12, and the unthreaded portion extends through a sleeve 26 to a hand wheel 27 at the righthand end of the machine as viewed in the drawings. It will thus-be seen that as the hand wheel 27 is rotated in one direction or the other the carriage 14 is moved along the ways 12 either toward or away from the center of the machine and that hence the position of the regulating wheel 20 is correspondingly varied.

The carriage l3-is rovided with a boss 28 similar to the boss 22 which is internally threaded to receive the externally threaded sleeve 26 which extends through the bearing 29 on the frame 10 of the machine and which is held against longitudinal movement bv the thrust collars 30. The sleeve 26 is of such length and is threaded throughout such a portion of its len th as to give the desired range of travel to the carriage 13 on the ways 11 and extends to the right to make connection with the hand wheel 31 somewhat larger than the hand wheel 27 so that the hand wheels may be independently adjusted. By the hand wheel 31 the posit-ion of the grindin! wheel 17 may be readily chan ed in a direction lengthwise of the machine.

Considering now the method of driving the

wheels

17 and 20 and referring more particularly to Fig. 1 of the drawings, it will be seen that their

respective shafts

16 and 19 are provided with the

driving pulleys

32 and 33 respectively. The pulley 32 is driven by belt 34 which passes under a jockey roller 35 and around the pulley 36 on the main driving shaft 37 suitably journaled in the lower portion of the frame 10 of the machine. The latter shaft may be driven from any suitable source of power by means of the tight and

loose pulleys

39 and 40 mounted thereon exteriorly of the machine as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing. The jockey roller 35 is j ournaled upon a swinging arm 41 pivoted upon a stud shaft 42 fixed in the frame 10 of the machine and permits the carriage 13 to be given its full extent of travel without interferigg with the driving of the grinding wheel 1 The main driving shaft 37 is driven in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 1 so as to rotate the grinding wheel 17 also in a counter-clockwise direction or so that the operative surface thereof adjacent the regulating wheel 20 travels in a downward direction with respect thereto.

Upon the shaft 37 is mounted a pulley 43 which is adapted to drive a pulley 44 rotatably mounted upon a fixed shaft 45 suitably supported in the lower portion of the main frame 10. A belt 46 forms the driving connection between these two pulleys. The pulley 44 is adapted to drive a second pulley 47 rotatably mounted upon the shaft 45 through a speed change mechanism generally indicated at 48. This speed change mechanism may take the form of that described in my copending application, Serial No. 446,041, filed February 18, 1921, patented April 6, 1926, Patent No. 1,579,933, and is adapted to cause a rotation of the pulley 47 either at a greatly reduced rate of speed or at substantially the same speed as that of the pulley 44. The determination of the speed desired to be given the pulley 47 may be made by means of the,

controlling shaft 49 and hand wheel 50 at the front of the machine. The pulley 47 is in. driving connection with the pulley 33 on the shaft 19 of the regulating wheel 20 by means of the belt 51, a jockey pulley 52 mounted similarly to the ockey phlley 35 hereinbefore described serving to maintain the driving connection throughout the range of movement of the carriage 14. The regulating wheel 20 is thus adapted to be driven either at a relatively low speed or at a relatively high speed and may be so driven in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 1 of the or tilted about a horizontal axis transverse to its axis of rotation and that this inclination may be obtained by means of the bearings 18 of the carriage 14 on which the wheel is mounted. The regulating wheel 20 is thus given an inclination with respect to the vertical, as is shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, and it will be seen that there is thus provided a fixed angle between the path of travel of the operative surface of the grinding wheel 17, moving downwardly adjacent the regulating wheel 20, and the path of travel of the operative surface of the regulating wheel 20, moving upwardly adjacent the grinding wheel 17.

Considering now the supporting means for the work operated upon by the

wheels

17 and 20, it will first be seen that the

wheels

17 and 20 are encased in a suitably porportioned protective casing 53 suitably secured to the frame 10 of the machine as by means of the bolts 54. The casing 53 is formed to provide a bridge portion intermediate of the two

wheels

17 and 20 and upon this bridge portion is supported a frame 55 suitably secured thereto as by the bolt 56 and provided with the

posts

57 and 58 preferably integrally formed with the frame 55 and positioned one on each side of the wheel 20, as is clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

A work carrier 59 is clamped to the

posts

57 and 58 as by means of the bolts 60 and extends between the coacting operative surfaces of the

wheels

17 and 20. The work carrier 59 is preferably given a horizontal position and is adapted to support and carry the work between theoperative surfaces of the two wheels; it may however be adjusted in position as hereinafter described. Suitable guide plates 61 are provided for guiding the work along the carrier 59 and into the grip ofthe two wheels, and substantially sim ilar guide plates 62 are provided for guiding the work away from the coacting operative surfaces of the regulating and grinding wheels.

Turning now to the action whereby the work, taking the form preferably of cylindrical objects such as rolls for example, is operated upon by the two wheels, it may briefly be noted that the regulating wheel 20 traveling at a low speed exerts a much greater frictional effect on the rolls than does the grinding wheel 17 and that the latter, operating at a speed appropriate to cutting or grinding action, cuts off the metal of the roll brought into contact therewith. During the cutting action of the grinding wheel 17 the regulating Wheel causes a continuous and regular rotation of the work about its axis and upon the work carrier 59. At the same time the regulating wheel 20 exerts a lateral thrust upon the work indicated at 63 in the drawings and tends to urge the roll longitudinally of the carrier 59. This action takes place because of the fixed inclination of the regulating Wheel above described and which, as above noted, provides an angular inclination between the path of travel of the operative surface of the grinding wheel and the path of travel of the operative surface of the regulating wheel. The fixed inclination of the regulating wheel with respect to the grinding wheel may be made in the neighborhood of 3 and provides for the continuous longitudinal motion or feeding action of the rolls 63 along the carrier 59.

It will be understood that the carrier 59 may, furthermore, be tilted with respect to the.path of travel of the operative surface of the regulating wheel 20 so as to increase or decrease the rate of feed of the rolls along the carrier 59.

During the grinding action of the apparatus as above described and in order that the parts operated upon may be given a truly cylindrical form, it is requisite that the paths of contact of the operative surfaces of the

abrasive wheels

17 and 20 with the parts or rolls 63 operated upon be parallel. According to one of the features of this invention provision is made for readily and efiiciently truing the operative surfaces of the grinding wheel 17 and the regulating wheel 20 so that parallel paths of contact on the wheels are presented to the work operated upon.

Upon the carriage 13 (see Figs. 3 and 4) are secured ways 64 as by the bolts 64 and the locking pins 64", whereby in the assembly the ways 64 may be accurately aligned at right angles to the axis of the wheel carried by the associated carrier. Ways 64 support slidably an auxiliary frame 65 suitably formed to coact with the ways 64, a gib 64 being interposed between the coacting slidable parts and screws 64 permitting adjustment of the gib 64 to maintain the proper sliding relation. The frame 65 is adapted to be moved along the ways 64 by the screw 66 in threaded engagement with one end of the frame 65 and held at the other end against longitudinal movement by means of the post 67 preferably integrally formed with the ways 64, a collar 68 and the operating hand wheel 70 posiiioned one on each side of the post 67 and rigidly fixed to the unthreaded portion of the screw 66 being adapted to coact with the post 67.

The hub portion 7 0 of the hand wheel 70 adjacent the post 67 is of reduced diameter and rotatably supports a collar 69 graduated as at 86 and adapted to be adjustably positioned thereon by means of the set screw 69.

At one end of the frame 65 there is integrally formed therewith a transversely extending sleeve-like bearing portion 71 adapted to receive therein a tool post preferably taking the form of a substantially cylindrical bar 72. The bar 72 is thus slidably held within the sleeve-like bearing portion 71 and is preferably cut away as at 73 throughout a substantial extent of its length to provide a substantially flat bearing surface of material area. Interposed between the bar 72 and the upper part of the sleeve-like housing 71 is a gib 74 of segmental cross section as viewed in Fig. 3. The gib 74 is rigidly held in position by means of suitable pins 75 so that the bar 72 is prevented from rotating within the bearing portion 71. Throughout the extent of the bearing portion .71 and bearing against the gib 74 is a series of adjusting screws 76 by means of which the bar 72 is snugly held within the operating portion 71 throughout its range of movement in an axial direction and by means of which also the wear between the respective coacting or slidably engaged parts may be taken up.

At a lateral portion of the bar 72 and extending throughout a substantial extent of its length there is formed the rack 77 which is adapted to be engaged by a gear sector 78 (see Fig. 2) extending through a suitable slot or opening in the side of the sleeve-like member 71 and pivotally mounted for rotation upon the pin 79 suitably and rigidly secured to the supporting frame 65. A lever arm 80 having at one end a handle 81 is preferably integrally formed with the gear sector 78 so as to permit manual operation of the gear sector 78 about its pivot 79, thus to bring about a longitudinal or axial movement of the tool post or bar 72 within the bearing portion 71.

As will be seen from Fig. 2 of the drawings, the ways 64 with the associated frame when the above described longitudinal or axial movement is given the bar 72, the outer end thereof will be moved transversely of the operative surface of the grinding wheel 17 and at a point in the operative surface thereof angularly spaced from the path oftravel of the work 63 on the carrier 59. Thus, as will be seen in Fig. 1, the tool post or bar 72 is brought into operative relation to the surface of the grinding wheel 17 at a point spaced substantially 180 with respect to the grinding wheel from the path of-travel of the work on the carrier 59. At this end of the bar 72 the latter is provided with a vertically extending slot 82 within'which is received a tool carrier-83 which may be clamped in position in Fig. 2, is thus held in operative relation to the operative surface of the grinding wheel 17 and may be drawn or advanced across the operative surface thereof by means of the lever 80 and handle 81 as hereinbefore described, it being understood that the grinding wheel 17 is rotated at an appropriate high speed during this action. The amount of material necessary to be removed from the grinding-wheel 17 in order to properly true the wheel may be readily adjusted by means of the hand wheel 70 whereby, as above noted, the frame 65 supporting the movable tool post 72 may be moved or adjusted toward or away from the operative surface of the grinding wheel 17. The collar 69 adjacent the hand wheel 7 O and the post 67 may conveniently be graduated, as indicated at 86, so that the degree of advanced movement given the truing tool 85, and hence the amount of material removed from the grinding wheel 17, may be readily determined.

A substantially similar and symmetrically positioned mechanism, generally indicated at 87 in the drawings, is provided for operation upon the regulating wheel 20 and its operation is substantially similar to the mechanism above described. It should be noted, however, that in accordance with the method of truing the wheels as disclosed herein, regardless of the relative inclination between the plane of rotation of the regulating wheel 20 and the path of travel of the work along the Work rest 59, the path of travel of the diamond associated with the truing apparatus 87 is substantially parallel to the path of travel of the work. In the embodiment shown in the drawing the path of travel of the work crosses the tilted regulating wheel 20 in a horizontal plane substantially midway between the top and bottom of the wheel. The path of travel of the diamond is shown as diametrically opposite the path of travel of the work, that is, in the same horizontal plane as the path of travel of the work. Since the regulating wheel is tilted about a horizontal axis, the plane including the path of travel of the work and the path of travel of the diamond is thus parallel to the axis about which the regulating wheel is tilted, the plane in this instance passing through the tilted regulating wheel midway between the top and bottom thereof. It will be noted also that the truing tool 85 associated With the grindingwheel 17 is given a path of travel substantially parallel to the path of travel of the work.

When the device 87 is made effective to operate upon the regulating wheel 20, the latter imaoaa speed to a relatively high speed requisite for the truing operation.

Suitable openings 88 in the rear walls of the protective casing 53 are provided for permitting the entry of the tool post and asso ciated truing tool 85 therethrough for action upon the respective Wheels. Furthermore, the portective casing 53 is preferably extended, as indicated at 89, to provide suflicient space therein for the movement, ad ustment and action of the truing device.

During both the grinding operation and during the truing operation a suitable cooling fluid such as water is supplied to the operative surfaces of the

wheels

17 and 20 as by the conduit or pipe 90, and in order to prevent both the moisture and the emery dust or particles removed from the

respective wheels

17 and 20 from detrimentally afi'ecting the mechanisms for operating the truing tools, provision is made according to one of the features of this invention for protecting these mechanisms. Thus, referring more particularly to Fig. 4 of the drawings, it will be seen that upon one end of the sleeve-like bearing portion 71 of the frame there is rigidly mounted a substantially cylindrical housing or casing 91 suitably secured to the one end of the sleeve 71 and forming in effect a closing extension therefor. The housing 91 is, moreover, of sufiicient length so that the tool post or bar 72 may partake of its normal'range of movement therein.

The outer or tool-supporting end of the tool post or bar 72 is preferably circular in cross section and is undercut as at 92 to form a bearing surface and a shoulder 93. Supported upon the supporting surface 92 and abutting against the shoulder 93 is a second sleeve or housing 94 preferably of a substantially cylindrical shape, This housing 94 is' rigidly held upon the portion 92 of the tool post 72 and may, for example, form therewith a force-fit. The other or free end of the housing 94 fits over and is in slidable engagement with the near end of the sleeve 71 which is preferably machined throughout a substantial extent as at 71 to provide a suitable bearing surface for slidably engaging the interior surface of the housing 94. Thus as the toolcarrying bar 72 is moved throughout its normal range of movement to carry the truing tool transversely of the face of its associated abrasive wheel, the housin 94 is moved therewith and maintains an effective enclosure of the operative mechanisms throughout the entire range of movement. Thus it will be seen that moisture as wellas foreign particles are effectively prevented from gaining access to the operative portions of the apparatus, and where such foreign particles comprise largely emery dust it will be seen that the detrimental effects aresuccessfully avoided.

It will thus be seen that there has been provided in this invention an art and apparatus in which the several objects above set forth as well as others are achieved and in which many advantages are attained. It will be seen, furthermore, that the regulating wheel and the grinding wheel of the grinding apparatus may be readily maintained in proper condition for most efficient use and that the wheel truing operations may be carried on in an exceedingly simple and practical manner. This operation, moreover, may be carried on without disturbing the setting or adjustment of the work support with respect to the wheels and hence makes for a greater speed of operation and greater output of the machine. Where great accuracy of grinding is required the avoiding of the necessity of disturbing the relation of the work support with respect to wheels is of great practical importance and it may be noted that where a truing operation is performed upon any one of the wheels, the amount of material removed therefrom may readily be gauged .from the graduations associated with the mechanisms for adjusting the tool-supporting frame 65 and that compensation for the amount of material removed may be readily made by adjusting the respective wheel-carrying carriages by means of the

hand wheels

27 and 31 by a corresponding amount, thus to restore the apparatus for normal opera-. tion.

As various possible embodiments might be made of the mechanical features of the above invention and as the art herein described might be varied in various parts, all without departing from the scope of the invention, it is to be understood that all matter herein set forth or shown in the accompanying lrawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim as my invention:

1. An apparatus for truing the operative faces of the grinding wheel and the regulating wheel of a centerless grinding machine having a peripheral regulating wheel the axis of rotation of which is tilted with respect to the path of travel of the work along a passage therefor between the two wheels so that the regulating wheel exerts a feeding component upon the work, comprising in combination, a truing tool for the grinding wheel, means for movingsaid tool across the operative surface of the grinding wheel in a straight path other than the path of travel of the work but of the same angular relation with respect to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel so that the surface of the rotating grinding wheel contacting the Work at any instant is dressed to be parallel to the path of travel of the work, a truing tool for the regulating wheel, and means for moving said last tool across the peripheral operative surface of the rotating regulating Wheel in a path other than the path of travel of the work but parallel to the path of travel of the work and in such a plane that the resultant effect upon the regulating wheel is substantially the same as though the tool were moved along the path of travel of the work, whereby the peripheral surface of the tilted regulating Wheel is dressed so that the surface of the rotating regulating wheel contacting the work at any instant is parallel to the path of travel of the work.

2. An apparatus for truing the o erative surfaces of the grinding wheel and t e regulating wheel of a centerless grinding machine having a peripheral regulating wheel and a work rest providing a substantially horizontal path for the work between the two wheels, the axis of rotation of the regulating wheel being tilted out of horizontal so that the regulating wheel exerts a feeding component upon the work along its path of travel, comprising in combination, a truing tool for the grinding wheel, means for moving said tool across the operative surface of the grinding Wheel in a straight path other than the path of travel of the Work but of the same angular relation with respect to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel so that the surface of the rotating grinding wheel contacting the work at any instant is dressed to be parallel tothe path of travel of the work, a truing tool for the regulating wheel, and means for moving said last tool across the surface of the regulating wheel in a path on the side of said Wheel opposite from the Work rest but parallel to the path of travel of the work andin the same horizontal plane, whereby the pe ripheral surface of the tilted regulating wheel is dressed so that the surface thereof contacting the work at any instant is parallel to the path of travel of the work.

3. An apparatus for truing'the operative faces of the grinding wheel and the regulating Wheel of a centerless grinding machine having a peripheral regulating wheel theaxis of rotation of which is tilted with respect to the path of travel of the work along a passage therefor between the two wheels so that the regulating wheel exerts a feeding component upon the work, comprising in combination, a truing tool for the grinding wheel, means for moving said'tool across the operative surface of the grinding wheel in a straight path other than the path of travel of the work but of the same angular relation with respect to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel so that the surface of the rotating grinding wheel contacting the work v at any instant is dressed to be parallel to the path of travel of the Work, a truing tool for the regulating wheel, and means for moving said last tool across the peripheraloperative face of the rotating regulating wheel in a path other than the path of travel of the work and along a line having an angular relation with respect to the axis of the regulating wheel substantially equal to the angular relation of the path of travel of the work with respect to the axis of the regulating wheel whereby the peripheral surface of said tilted regulating wheel is dressed so that the surface thereof contacting the work at any instant is parallel to the path of travel of the work.

4. An apparatus for truing the regulating wheel of a centerless grinding machine in which the plane of rotation of said wheel is inclined With respect to the path of travel of the Work so that said wheel exerts a feeding component upon the work, comprising in combination, a truing tool for said wheel, and means for moving said tool across the surface of said rotating wheel in a path other than the path of travel of the work but parallel to the path of travel of the work and in such a plane that the resultant effect upon said wheel is the same as though said tool weremoved along the path of travel of the work, whereby said wheel is dressed so that the surface thereof at any instant in contact with the work is parallel to the path of travel of the work.

5. An apparatus for truing the regulating wheel of a centerless grinding machine in which the plane of rotation of said wheel is inclined with respect to the path of travel of, the work so that said wheel exerts a feeding component upon the work, comprising in combination, a truing tool for said wheel, and means for moving said tool across the surface of said rotating wheel in a path other than the path of travel of the Work and along a line having an angular relation with respect to thevaxis of the regulating wheel substantially equal to the angular relation of the path of travel of the work with respect to the axis of the regulating Wheel whereby said wheel is dressed so that the surface thereof at any instant in contact with the work is parallel to the path of travel of the work.

6. An apparatus for truing the opposed operative faces of the two wheels ofia centerless grinding machine having means providing a substantially horizontal path of travel for work between said wheels, one of said Wheels rotating about a horizontal axis parallel to said path of travel, and the axis of rotation of the other of said wheels being tilted out of horizontal so that said last Wheel exerts a feeding component upon the Work, comprising in combination, a truing tool for said first wheel, means for moving said tool across the face of said first wheel in a path other than the path of travel of the Work and parallel to the axis of said first wheel so that said first wheel is dressed to a cylindrical surface, a truing tool for said second Wheel, and means for moving said last tool across the surface of said second Wheel in a path on the side of said wheel opposite from the path of travel of the work and parallel to the path of travel of the work and March, 1922.

LEWIS R. HEIM.