US1769983A - Process for wood preservation - Google Patents
Process for wood preservation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1769983A US1769983A US234566A US23456627A US1769983A US 1769983 A US1769983 A US 1769983A US 234566 A US234566 A US 234566A US 23456627 A US23456627 A US 23456627A US 1769983 A US1769983 A US 1769983A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- solution
- resinate
- copper
- soluble
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/22—Compounds of zinc or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/907—Resistant against plant or animal attack
Definitions
- the present invention relates tothe pres ervation of wood, and has particular refer-I ence to treating wood in the form of piling, timbers, railroad ties, planks and the like,
- 1 preferably treat the wood first with a solu- 39 tion of copper sulphate, byimpregnation,
- the copper salt or the resinatecan be applied first as desired, and the invention is not restricted to any particular order of treatment with these two materials.
- the wood When the wood is in a green or wet condition, it may first be steamed and subjected to a vacuum, in order to dry the wood and to open the pores thereof. When the wood is dry, it may first be subjected to a vacuum in order to drive out the air from the pores of the wood, as much as possible.
- the Wood may be hot or cold as desired, there is then introduced into the said receptacle, a solution of a rosin soap.
- This solution may be a 5% solution of sodium resinate, al-
- the solution is run in preferably sufliciently to completely submerge the wood, after-Which fluid pressure is applied, say by pumping in more of" the sodium 5 resinate solution, in order to cause the Wood to become permeated withthe sodium resinate solution.
- the pumping will be stopped and the unabsorbed liquid is pumped out of thetreating receptacle into a storage tank. Steaming and, or, a vacuum is preferably applied at this stage, in order to draw out vmore or less of the resinate solution, which is likewise-pumped into the storage tanks.
- I may employ in the first step, say a solution of a resinate, then a solution of copper sulphate, and then a solution of ordinary soap (for example a soap made from caustic. soda and tallow or other form of grease);
- a solution of a resinate say a solution of a resinate, then a solution of copper sulphate, and then a solution of ordinary soap (for example a soap made from caustic. soda and tallow or other form of grease);
- resinate solution instead of using resinate solution alone, I may employ mixtures of rosin. with various .oils and greases for producing the initial soap.
- a process of preserving wood in the form of piling, timbers, railroad ties, planks, and the like which comprises the step of forming copper resinate throughout substantially the entire body-of the wood, thedeposit of copper resinate beingl more concentrated' in the outer parts of t e pieces of wood.
- the invention also contemplates the alter- .nate impregnation of the wood with solutions of soluble soaps and with soluble salts of the heavy metals other than sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium,'.and ammoni
- solutions of ordinary soaps such as the oleates, stearate's, linoleate's rhionqleates, tungoleates and other a fatty oils entirely to replace the resinate solu- "tions in the manner describedabove.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Description
Patented July 8, 1930 UNITED STATES PA ENT OFFICE- vrc'ron a. ABRAMS, or nmmswrciz, enonem, ASSIGNQR or ONE-HALE T n01.19311.- SHELANDER, or BRUNSWICK, GEORGIA No Drawing.
- The present invention relates tothe pres ervation of wood, and has particular refer-I ence to treating wood in the form of piling, timbers, railroad ties, planks and the like,
5 which are to come into contact with sea water, for preventing the destruction caused by ma-' rine insects such as Teredo, Limnoria and the like. I
I desire to call-attention to-the fact that wood, for piling and for other uses in which. it is permanently or temporarily in contact with sea water, is subject to attacks by various forms'of animal life, such as the Teredo and Limnoria, barnaclesand various others,
which borefinto the wood, thereby weaken ing; the wood,-and greatly shortening the life of the wood under these conditions. Also in some locations, animals such as termites eat into wood which is not in contact with 0 sea water, such as railroad ties, sills ofbuild- I ings or houses, door steps and the like, this beingparticularlynoticeable in the case of wood which is close to the ground or on the ground, and which is accordingly more or less damp. In some localities, particularly in the south, railroad ties are frequently in jured in this manner.
In accordance with the present invention, 1 preferably treat the wood first with a solu- 39 tion of copper sulphate, byimpregnation,
after which the excess of copper sulphate solution which has not been absorbed is removedfrom the wood, or from the treating vesse1,.and then the wood is impregnated with a solution of a soluble resinate, whereby a. an insoluble copper resinate is formed. In
some cases more than two successive treatments with these two substances alternately may be employed, and it will be understood 40 that the copper salt or the resinatecan be applied first as desired, and the invention is not restricted to any particular order of treatment with these two materials. 1 When the wood is in a green or wet condition, it may first be steamed and subjected to a vacuum, in order to dry the wood and to open the pores thereof. When the wood is dry, it may first be subjected to a vacuum in order to drive out the air from the pores of the wood, as much as possible.
Application filed November 19, 1927. Serial No. 234,566.
Assuming the woed to. be in an air tight. cylinder or vessel under vacuum, for the purpose ofwithdrawing the air from the pores of the wood, in which operation a vacuum of say 18 to 25 inches more or less, may be em- 'pl'oyed, depending upon the conditions, and
the Wood. may be hot or cold as desired, there is then introduced into the said receptacle, a solution of a rosin soap. This solution may be a 5% solution of sodium resinate, al-
thoughstronger or Weaker solutions can be used if desired. The solution is run in preferably sufliciently to completely submerge the wood, after-Which fluid pressure is applied, say by pumping in more of" the sodium 5 resinate solution, in order to cause the Wood to become permeated withthe sodium resinate solution. When sufficient impregnation has been produced, the pumping will be stopped and the unabsorbed liquid is pumped out of thetreating receptacle into a storage tank. Steaming and, or, a vacuum is preferably applied at this stage, in order to draw out vmore or less of the resinate solution, which is likewise-pumped into the storage tanks. An aqueous solution of a soluble copper salt,
such as copper sulphate, say 2 to 10% strength, is then pumped in, and pressure is then applied upon the solution to force the copp r sulphate solution into the wood, prefo erably sufficiently to thoroughly permeate the wood. The copper sulphate reacts with the sodium resinate in the wood, to produce insoluble copper resinate, and-after sulficient impregnation with the copper sulphate solus5 tion,-the'excess is drawn. ofl", and the wood 1 may then be considered as completely treated, and may be dried either by steam and vacuum, or by merely stacking up the wood in the atmosphere or under a shed. Generally I recommend continuing the operation,
by giving a second treatment with the rosin soap solution, similarly to the above, in order lution of a soluble copper salt, but for ordi- 10 properties of the copper compounds also lprenary purposes two, three or four treatments, will be found to give a suficient impregnation.
As a modification of the invention, I may employ in the first step, say a solution of a resinate, then a solution of copper sulphate, and then a solution of ordinary soap (for example a soap made from caustic. soda and tallow or other form of grease); Instead of using resinate solution alone, I may employ mixtures of rosin. with various .oils and greases for producing the initial soap.
I have above referred to the use of copper salts such as copper sulphate. ever within the scope of the invention, to employ salts of other inetals having toxic properties' or insect destroying properties, such as arsenic, tin, zinc, mercury and-the like.
It will be furtherunderstood that in some instances it may be advisable to employ a solution-of a soluble resinate, then say a copper salt, then a soluble carbonate or -hydroxide, which react with the excess of copper, producing a mixed precipitant in situ of the wood.
The process presents certain advantages over the prior processes of using creosote oil, heavy petroleum oil and the like, in that the preservation seems to be more permanent, and the materials used are much cheap- 'er than creosote and similar substances. Wood impregnated with creosote is also objectionable as having a disagreeable odor, and also because the active constituents of the creosote. seem to be sufiiciently soluble to be It is how- I claim 1. A process of preserving wood 1n the form of piling, timbers, railroad ties, planks,
and the like, which comprisesqthe step'of forming copper resinate in situ in the pores of the wood.
2. A process of preserving wood in the form of piling, timbers, railroad ties, planks, and the like, which comprises the step of forming copper resinate throughout substantially the entire body-of the wood, thedeposit of copper resinate beingl more concentrated' in the outer parts of t e pieces of wood.
3. In the preservation of wood in the form of structural articles the steps of alternately impregnating the wood with a soluble copper salt and a soluble resinate separately introduced into the pores of the wood, whereby an insoluble copper resinate is formed in situ in the cavities of the wood.
4. A process of preserving wood by the alternate impregnation with solution of soluble soaps and with an aqueous solution of soluble copper compounds separately intro-' In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.
'VIOTOR R. ABRAMS.
leached out of the wood, in water, after a time. 7
I call attention to the fact that the impregnation may be carried to any depth as desired, and inordinary practice, it is possible to car- 'ry the impregnating solution clear to the heart of the timber. Inordin'ary practice there will be much more of the copper resinate, etc., precipitated in the outer portions of the wood, than in the inner portions, which is really an advantage because the insects and other organisms have to enter the wood from the exterior. When planking, boards and other sawed timber is to be employed, it is preferably treated after sawing, in order to produce the said. effect.
I call attention to the fact that the toxic vent the action of fungi, spores and teria which produce decay. v
The invention also contemplates the alter- .nate impregnation of the wood with solutions of soluble soaps and with soluble salts of the heavy metals other than sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium,'.and ammoni Also I may employ solutions of ordinary soaps, such as the oleates, stearate's, linoleate's rhionqleates, tungoleates and other a fatty oils entirely to replace the resinate solu- "tions in the manner describedabove.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US234566A US1769983A (en) | 1927-11-19 | 1927-11-19 | Process for wood preservation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US234566A US1769983A (en) | 1927-11-19 | 1927-11-19 | Process for wood preservation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1769983A true US1769983A (en) | 1930-07-08 |
Family
ID=22881909
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US234566A Expired - Lifetime US1769983A (en) | 1927-11-19 | 1927-11-19 | Process for wood preservation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1769983A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4857365A (en) * | 1987-02-24 | 1989-08-15 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing modified wood material |
-
1927
- 1927-11-19 US US234566A patent/US1769983A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4857365A (en) * | 1987-02-24 | 1989-08-15 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing modified wood material |
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