US1769372A - Oscillating air engine - Google Patents

Description

July 1, 1930;

N. KOEHN OSCILLATING AI R' ENGINE Filed Aug, 17; 1925 5 m R N m T w n /76,14 F m M v A 3 I a Q m m M n PW N nially spring pressed againstaneedle toclose are stationary in relationto-.theJcasing .1 1

' 3 Y variousdetails and features of improvethe lower cylinder. In this slot there isiinthe neutral position." I I PatentedJuly L 1930 l l p Q I NITED STATES. JOFFIC E" NATHANIEL KOEI-IN, or oA L irip CALIFORNIA v 'osoILLA'rIne m anem a: v A lication filed August 17, 1925. Serial No. 50,661.

Myinvention is an oscillating air engine Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure t particularly. adapted to form a hand tool. showing the upper valve in the position of The engineoscillates througha partial cirinlet to'the leftiside of the valve plates and cle and the speed can, to a certain extent, the outlet valve in the position of outlet 5 be regulated by the resistance to the oscilla-v from the right hand side. 7 tion. My invention is particularly adapted Figure 6 is an elevation of the pistons'and for use to operate valve grinding or similar their carrying yokes attached to the drive tools. p Y shaft. I p v Myinvention comprisesin brief ,a casing Figure, 7 is an elevation of one end of a :10 having upperand lower-stationary cylinders piston as if taken on the line 7 --7 of Figmounted therein with 'an oscillating shaft ure 2 indicating the attaching socket screw 7 extending axially through the lower end of and the duplex springs housed therein to the casing and the lowerand upper cylactuate-the valves. y inders. The cylinders have an annular re-, Figure 8 is a side elevation. of the dia cess and support an airductwhich ispro phragm needle valve. i vided with air inlet and outlet valve seats R ferring particularly to Figures 1 and E in which are positioned loosely operating my 1 oscillating airi engineis illustrated as valves. A pairof pistons are; supported by formed with an outsidecasing. 1 which curvedarins from the central shaftand are ispreferably knur 1 outside'to form 'adapted to oscillate in therre'cesses-or air ahand grip and made circular on its eX- 7 chambers in the upperand lower. cylinders. terior face. The casing has a;:closure .Theair pressure for operating theipistonsis formed integral; therewith and is alsoprodeveloped on opposite sides of the air duct, vided with an aperture 3 extending the re-* or passage,' and on the opposite sides of the through for the drive shaft n The 25 valve seats so that thepistons v are turned casingis preferably cylindrical on itsxinthrough a certain angle by the airacting on side surface and forms the housing forlower one piston-and then on the other; and upper cylinders?) and 6 andalsoforms The'air inlet from a compressoris cona piston chamber by the annuIar lower trolled by a diaphragm valve which is norand- upper recesses 8 and 9. -These cylinders a needle valve and onf' a slight retardingof and-in practice made to have altight pressed the shaft air pressure builds up sufiicient he cylinders are formed with avertito raise" the diaphragm and thus. open'the c'a'ljslot, lOextending from the upper surface needle valve to .a greater extent. of the upper cylinder to the lower surface of nie'nt will appear from the following de sorted a pair of valve plates 27 both made scription considered with: thedrawings, in identical whichcontain the air ductsyvalve which: Q 7 v seats, an'dhold the inlet and outletvalves Figure his a verticalsection ofFi'gure 2 as willwbe'hereafter described." onthe line 1-1 in the direction of the, Thepistonsare constructed andinountedp arrows. I v as follows:Thefshaftihasayokel2 secured" .Figure'2 is an enlarged horizontal section thereto by a, stern, 18 which. passes through of Figure 1 on the line 2' 2in the direction an aperture 1 1 in the shaftand-has a riveted of the arrows." 1:1,

' .head 15; Thepistons'l6 aresecured'tothe Figure 3 is anelevation of the air ducts ends of the yoke 12 which'latteron the ends in the valveplates as if take'n in the direoof the yoke have elongated plates 1'} pref I tion'of the arrow 30f Figure erably formed uintegral therewith. As. Figure 4 is a vert cal section of Figure shown.particularlyainFigureT apiston-cup 3 on the lines 4. -4; showing thevalves' in -18- preferablyrlformed"of leatherhas its base 19::positiorie'd against theplates 17 and held ner projection 26 of the socket screw are to positively actuate the inlet and outlet,

valves as will be hereafter described.

The valve plates including the air ducts and valves are constructed as follows: I-lav ing reference particularly to Figures 3', 4, and 5 a pair of plates 27 are both of similar construction and are so formed that when placed'face to face they have a rectangular air inlet duct 28 at the'upper end and a rectangular air outlet duct 29 at the lower end; Preferably annular apertures 30 eX- tend through the upper portions of the plates and have on the inside an annular recess '81 forming opposite inlet valve seats 32. An inlet valve 33 having a central solid block'34 preferably cylindrical and stems 35 extending in opposite directions therefrom and having a sliding fit in the apertures 30 is thussupportedin the upper part ,casingand preferably at the junction point of the valve plates and situated in the inlet duct. It is preferable to form fitltlngj36 i on the stems 35 to allow sufficient air to pass from the inlet duct to the piston chamber 7, The outlet valves 87 comprise two valve blocks 38 mounted on the end of a fluted stem 39. These blocks seat in annular re cesses 40 formed on the outside of the plates 27. The flutings allow the air to pass aroundthe annular apertures 41 in the lows: Having reference particularly to Figuresl and"8:-A flexible diaphragm 44 is secured to a small bore tube 45 having a solid head 46 on the lower face of the diaphragni and a clamping disc 47 bearing against the upper face ofthe diaphragm.

The diaphragm isclamped at its periphery between a clamping ring 48 and escrow threaded sleeve 49. of the cap 50, this cap being secured to the casing l 'by the screw 51 presses;

threaded sleeve. A spring against the clamping d1sc47 and a light flat annular ring 52 which'latter is thereby "positioned against the lower surface ofthe cap 50. A spring tensioning screw-53 is threaded through the cap and may be adjusted to bear on one side of the ring 52 and thereby be utilized to increase or decrease the tensionon the spring.

The cap has an upward extension 53 with a socket 54 therethrough for the air inlet which latter has a valve 55 to control the opening. A valve shut off screw 56 is threaded into the interior of the spring tensioning screw and may be positioned at different elevations to engage the curved finger grip of the valve 55 and therefore hold the valve for different positions of opening.

The lower end of the'air duct 54 has a small bore 58 in which is situated a piston 59 preferably formed of leather with upturned lips 60. This pistonis secured to the end of the small bore tube 45 by means of a nut 61 screwed on the end ofsaidtube. An aperture 62 is formed in the cap to allow the free passage of any air which may leak past the piston 59. An airhose will be connectedto the screw threaded end 63 of the extension 53 of the cap.

The lower end 64 of the bore 65 of the tube 45 is formed in proper shape to make a valve seat when co-operating with the needle 66, which may beinserted through the upper cylinder 6and adjusted therein by means of the screw threads 67 as shown in Figure 1. V

An oil aperture 68 is bored through the of the ilower and upper. cylinders into the piston chamber 7.

The operation of my oscillating air engine is as follows Presuming that the device is connected-to asource of air. and'a tool such as a valve grinder beingfattached' to the lower end of the shaft 4 the tension of the spring5l is so adjusted that, the air pressure from the source of supplylafter the valve 55 is open the desired. amount is such that the diaphragm will be slightly liftedat a pressure'of the air on'the needle 66 thereby opening the valve seat 64. This allows a certainfamount of air to pass through the engine and willcause it to idle. 1 When resistance is broughtagainst the shaft-'4 by utilizing a tool thereon the diaphragm-will be elevated to a greater extent on account of the pressure inregard to the diaphragm building up to substantially the pressure in the pipes or leading to the engine. The air passesldownward from below the diaphragm through the inlet 28 andwill act on one ofthe pistons 16- When the air passes through the inlet 28 and. out one side of the upper opening in the valve plate 27, the inlet valve block 34 isfor oed'or seated inthe opening in the other valve .plate27;

The pressurelof air causes the outlet valve. 374:0 seat inthe opposite manner. As the piston is driven to oscillatein one direction for instance in a clockw se .d1rect on, as indicated by the arrow in Figure 2, at the end of the stroke the inner springs 25 will strike both the upper and lower valves, that is, the inlet and outlet valves and force them into the opposite positions. The valves are kept closed on their seat by the air pressure.

The spring 25 by itself is not suflicient to fully move the valve but when-the spring 24L also strikes the valves and if they. still do not move the inner projection 26 of the socket screw positively forces the valves into the opposite seat, thereby causing the .in-

let air to fiow out of the opposite sides of the valve plates 11. It is apparent that the alternate movement of the inlet and outlet valves will cause a corresponding exhausting of the air from said valves.

It will thus be seen that the pistons will be driven alternatelv in opposite directions and at the end-of each stroke t-he springs and the projection on the face of the pistons will idle slowly until the air valve is closed.

Y My invention may be materially modified in main construction and in detail to suit 7 special requirements and for different sized air engines. Moreover if delicacy of operation is not required" some of the elements may be eliminated or simplified in construc- 1 tion. 7

Having described my invention, what I claim is: v I I In a device of the class described, a cylinder, partition plates disposed in said cylinder, said partition plates adapted to rest in parallel engagement with each other to form'a single partition wall within said cylinder, inlet and outlet passage ways formed in said partition plates and adapted to aline with each other for admitting air,

' valves positioned" insaid alined passageways, a rockable shaft, pistons carried by V of sprlngs positioned w1th1n said hollow ture.

said shaft and being oscillatable in said cyl-' inder, piston cups secured to -said pistons '7 said securing means comprising hollow members externally screw threaded and hav-,

ing the inner ends thereof projecting in wardly beyond said piston cups, a plurality members, said springs extending beyond the ends of said hollow members and adapteol'to i cooperate therewith to successively engage said valves andoperate ation of the pistons.

same. during oper- 7 In testimony whereof "I atfix f i V NATHANIEL KoEHu o i.

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