US1766056A

US1766056A - Automatic stoker

Info

Publication number: US1766056A
Application number: US337951A
Authority: US
Inventors: Arthur O Dady
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1929-02-06
Filing date: 1929-02-06
Publication date: 1930-06-24
Anticipated expiration: 1947-06-24

Description

June 24, 1930. A. o. DADY AUTOMATIC sToKER Fld Feb. 6, 1929 2 Sheets-Shuk l June 24, 1930. A. o. DADY AUTOMATIC STOKER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 6, 1929 EN x5 Patented June 24, 1930 i UNITEDY STATES :L i.. F ,una

ARTHUR O. DADY, OF PORTLAND, OREGON AUTOMATIC STOKER Application led February 6, 1929. Serial No. 337,951.

My invention relates to underfeed automatic furnace stokers for feeding solid fuel .to furnaces, and of the type comprising a hopper, the lower part of which constitutes a ram-chamber in which a ram is operated by a suitable mechanical power, thereby to move the fuel into the retort of the furnace.

One of the objects of my invention is to promote the feeding of the fuel from the hopper to the retort by moving the fuel down an inclined way; to employ in connection with such inclined way a fuel moving element, that is, a pusher, and further to move this pusher along a horizontal guide wa)T instead of along the floor of the inclined way. And since the pusher is conveniently constructed of a pusher rod carrying one or more pusher heads, a further object of my invention is to arrange the guide way for the pusher so that in the retracting movement of the pusher, as lthe pusher head nearest the ram-chamber approaches the lat- 'ter the pusher head shall disappear in the guide way, that is to sa drop relatively below the surface of the atter.

By so doing the pusher head can be more effectively brought under a mass of fuel to be moved forward, and the movement of such la mass into the retort of the furnace is fa- Cilitated. 1

Al further object of my invention is to prevent the clogging or choking of the outlet opening from the ram-chamber of the hopper to the passageway of the retort of the furnace by chunks of fuel becoming lodged in such outlet opening which are too large to pass through.

To this end I provide a fuel crushing element about such outlet opening with which the ram cooperates in its forward movement, thus breaking down any packing of large chunks of the fuel which otherwise would obstruct the feeding of the fuel forward to vthe retort of the furnace. p

" The above described features of my invention and other incidental features are hereinafter fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings; in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal verticalfsection of Fig. 2.

a stoker mechanism of the character described embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail longitudinal section of the feeding end of the mechanism. Y

Fig. 3 is a detail transverse section on line 3 3, Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a similar section on line 4 4,-

Fig. 5 is a similar section on line 5 5, Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a similar section on line 6 6, Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a perspective side elevation of the pusher element of my invention including the means for connecting such pusher element with the ram ;v

Fig. 8 is a perspective det-ail of one of the pusher heads carried by the pusher element;

Fig. 9 is a top view corresponding with Fig. 1 with parts broken away; and

Fig. 10 is a left end view of the fuel tunnel section of my stoker mechanism, taken on the line 10-10 of Fig. 1.

Referring now to the drawings,.my auto-Y matic Stoker comprises a hopper a opening at its bottom into a semi-cylindrical ram-chamber b in which a ram c is operated b means of a fluid under pressure, such as oil, from any suitable source as a pump, not shown. The ram c is operatively connectedv by a piston rod g with the piston e which vhas movement in the closed piston chamber of a stationary housing h. In lon itudinally aligned relation with the ram chamber 3, aforesaid.

In'the present construction the alternate inlet and outlet of motive iluid into and .from the respective ends of the piston connected to the rear end of said piston chamber by a pipe connection or passage 5.

Centrally between' 'the openings of the pipe connections 4 and 5 into said valve chamber an-outlet port or passage 6 :is formed and is adapted for alternate communication with the pipe connections 4 and 5, with such alternate communication with the outlet passage 6 controlled by the hereinafter described slide valve 11 moving in, said valve chamber. Said outlet port or passage 6 has pipe connection 3a with the fluid inlet tothe pump employed to maintain a supply of motivefluid under pressure for operation of the mechanism.

The supply of motive fluid is introduced into the valve chamber of said mechanism by a pipe connection 10*l and branch passages 10, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

The sliding valve 11 above referred to,is preferably of the piston type shown and is formed with a central peripheral recess or chamber adapted for alternate registry of the aforesaid central outlet passage 6 with the passages 4 and 5 of the piston chamber, and so that when the passage 4 is in communication with motive fluid under pressure in the valve chamber, the other passage 5 will be in communication with the outlet passage 6, and vice versa. d.

At one end theY valve 11 carries an operating stem 12, extending through the wall of the valve chamber, and provided at a point exterior to said wall with a pair of collars or tappet 12a and 12b in properly spaced relation, as shown in Figs. 1 and2, and adapted for alternate operative engagement by a tappet sleeve or lug 13a of a depending bracket 13 secured on the inner end` of the ram c aforesaid. p

In the above described arrangement of parts, the valve 1 1 being in the position shown in Fig. 2, motive fluid supplied to the valve chamber through passages 10, 10a passes through the pipe or passage 5 to the rear end of the piston chamber, to drive the piston e and ram c ina forward direction,

while the fluid in the forward end of the piston chamber passes through the pipe or passage 4 into the central chamber'of the slide valve 11 and thence through the outlet port of passage 6 aforesaid. The forward movement of the piston e continues until the tappet 13a carried by the ram c contacts with the collar 12b of the valve stem 12-,and moves the valve 11 into its forward position. With the attainment' of such forward osition of the valve 11, the connections o the ports and passages above described are rey versed, and a rearward movement of the ram c and piston e takes place, as-usual in the present type of reciprocating motors.

An outwardly flaring fuel tunnel 17 is provided leading from the fuel opening 18 1n the ram-chamber into the combustion Matrose chamber p, which is also provided witha longitudinal groove 17a, the bottom of which is horizontal and forms a guide for the pusher rod 15. The pusher rod 15 is constructed in removable segments 15, so that it may be made of any desirable length and is provided with spaced pusher heads 20 formed with concaved sloping faces 20a vand abrupt forward end 20", see Figs. 7 and 8.l

By this construction the pusher heads 20 are moved forward as the ram is moved and are retracted as the ram is retracted and the pusher head adjacent thev fuel tunnel is retracted into the groove 17a out of the way of the fuel. Thus the pusher head 20 serves to move the fuel forward in advance of the ram c to distribute it evenly about the combustion chamber p. Further the retraction of the pusher heads serves to disturb and break up any coking or caking of the fuel tok prevent the formation of clinkers and the li e.

The fuel opening 18 in the ram-chamber is provided about the circumference of its face with radial teeth or projections 25, see Fig. 4, against which largechunks of fuel will be crushed by the forward movement of the ram.

The fuel opening 18 is also so arranged relative to the ram-chamber 5b and the bottom of the hopper a.' that its center is well above the bottom of the hopper and the sides do not form the sides of the fuel opening so that there is no tendency for the fuel in the hopper to -arch over the ram and not fall before it, as would be the case were the' fuel supported at each side of the fuel opening by the walls of the said hopper.

I claim: 1. In an automatic stoking device for furnaces, a retort, a fuel hopper including in Vits lower part a ram-chamber, a fuel-tunnel connecting said chamber with. the retort of the furnace, said tunnel havlng asloping oor provided with a horizontal longitudi-` its lower part a ram-chamber, a' fuel-tunnelA connecting said chamber with the retort ofv the furnace, said tunnel having a sloping floor provided with a horizontal lon itudinal grove lying in a plane below the oor of the ram-chamber, a ram reciprocated in said ram-chamber, a pusher rod connected to said ram, a pusher head carried by said pusher rod and said pusher rod and said head thereof sliding in said ioor groove.

3. In an automatic stolcing device for furnaces, a retort, a fuel hopper including in its lower part a ram-chamber, a fuel tunnel connecting said chamber with the retort of the furnace, said tunnel having a sloping floor provided with a horizontal longitudinal groove lying in a plane below the floor of the ram-chamber and increasing in depth towards the latter, a ram reciprocated in said ram-chamber, a pusher rod connected to said ram, a' pusher head carried by said pusher rod, and said pusher rod and said head thereof sliding in said floor groove the pusher-headin'one movement partly disappearing in said groove.

4. In an automatic stoking device for furnaces, aretort, a fuel hopper including in its lower part a ram-chamber, a fuel tunnel connecting said chamber with the retort of the furnace, said tunnel having a vertical Y tapering enlargement from said ram-chamber to said retort including a slopin of the tunnel provided with a horizontal longitudinal groove lying in a plane below the floor of the ram-chamber, a ram Vreciprovcated in lsaid ram-chamber, a pusher rod connected to said ram, apusher head carried by said pusher rod, and said pusher rod and said headv thereof sliding in said floor groove. 5. In an automatic stoking device for furnaces, a retort, a fuel hopper including in its lower part a ram-chamber, a fuel tunnel connecting said chamber withthe retort of the furnace, said tunnel having a sloping floor provided with a horizontal longitudinal groove lying in a plane below the floor of the ram-chamber, and increasing in depth towards the` latter, a ram reciprocated in said'ram-chamber, a, pusher rod connected to said ram, a wedgeshaped pusher head carried by said pusher rod, the edge of the wedge pointed towards .the ram-chamber, and said pusher rod and said head thereof sliding in said ioor groove the pusher head in one movement partly disappearing in said groove.

6. In an automatic stoking device for furnaces, a retort, a fuel hopper including in its lower part a ram-chamber, a fuel tunnel connecting said chamber with the retort of the furnace, said tunnel having-a sloping floor provided with a horizontal longitudinal groove lying in a plane below the floor of the ram-chamber, a ram reciprocated in` said ram-chamber, said ram provided with an arm extending through an' opening in the Hoor of the ramchamber,a pusher rod connected to said arm and operated under the floor of the ram chamber, a pusher head carried by said pusher rod, said pusher rod and said head thereof sliding in said floor groove, and a hydraulic engine connected to said ram, and a valve controlling saideny gine connected to said ram ar'rn. v

7. In an automatic stoking device for furnaces, a retort, a fuel hopper 'including in its lower part a ram-chamber, a fuel tunnel connecting said chamber withY the retort of the furnace, said tunnel having a sloping door provided with a horizontal longitudinal groove lying in a plane below the floor of the ram-chamber, and increasing in depth towards the latter, a ram reciprocated in said ram-chamber, said ram provided with an arm extending through an opening in the floor of the ram-chamber, a pusher rod connected to said arm and operated under the floor of the ram chamber, a pusher head. carried by said pusher rod, and said pusher rod and said head thereof sliding in said Hoor groove the pusher head in one movement more or less disappearing in said groove.

8. In an automatic stoking device for furnaces, a retort, a fuel hopper including in its lower part a ram-chamber, a fuel tunnel connecting said chamber with the retort of the furnace, said tunnel having a sloping floor provided with a horizontal longitudinal groove lying in a plane below the Hoor of the ram-chamber, and increasing in depth towards the latter, a ram reciprocated in' said ram-chamber, said ram provided with an arm extending through an opening in the Hoor of the ram-chamber, a pusher rod connected to said arm and operated under thev door of the rain chamber, a wedge-shaped pusher head carried by said pusher rod, the edge of the wedge pointed towards the ramchamber, and sa1d pusher rod and said head thereof sliding in said door groove the pusher head in one movement more or less disappearing lin said groove.

9. n an automatic stoking device for furnaces, a retort, a fuel hopper including in its lower part a ram-chamber, Va fuel tunnel connecting said-chamber with the retort of the furnace, said tunnel having a sloping floor provided with a horizontal longitudinal groove lying in a plane below the floor of the ram-chamber, aram recipro cated in said ram-chamber, a pusher rod operatively connected to said ram and having movement in the longitudinalJ groove of the sloping floor of said tunnel, and the wall of the ram chamber having the outlet opening to said tunnel provided within the ram-chamber with fuel crushing protubeances disposed concentrically about said openinlg.

10. n an automatic stoking device for furnaces, a retort, a fuel hopper including in its lower part a ram-chamber, a fuel 'below the floor of the ram-chamber, and increasing in depth towards the latter, a ram 4 Weense reciprocated in said ram-chamber, said ram provided with an arm extending through an opening in the floor of the ram-chamber, a pusher rod connected (to said arm and operated under the oor of the ram chamber, a Wedge-shaped pusher head carried by said J pusher rod, the edge of thevwedge pointed towards the ram-chamber, said pusher rod and said head thereof sliding in said `door groove the pusher head in one movement partly disappearing in said groove, and means for reciprocating said rem.;

ARTHUR DADY.