US1765175A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

June 17, 193C. E. L. H. PEPlNsTr-:R ET AL l 1,765,175

CARBURETOR Filed Feb. 17, 192s 2 Sheets-sheet 1 VIII/Il 3 w l g m 'il r l d A E; L. H. PEPINSTER ET AL 1,765,175

.lun ('17, 1930.

CARBUBETOR Filed Feb. 17, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet `2 Patented June 17, 1930 srArs ,e Fein ERNEST' Louis HENRI PEPINSTER AND rnnnnnic GENVE, or PARIS,- FRANCE l CARBURETOR Application filed February 17, 1928, Serial No. 255,070, and in France June 15, 1927.

Our invention relates to carburetors for has a core 50 having theinclined surfaces internal combustion engines. y 231, 232 which combined with the correspond- The present carburetors do not enable ing inclined surfaces 8 and 51 of the valve sufficiently rapid speed recovery of the en-y l adjust on the one hand the cross-section gine,-that is to say,fdo not permit the motor of the passage for air admitted through in- 55 to pass sufiiciently'quiclrly from slow speed let pipe 110, and on the other hand the to normal speed, except by an excessive incross-section of the passage for the explocrease in the richness of the explosive `mixsive mixture. y ture. This disadvantage results from the They core 50 has a port 58 for the admis- I10 general disposition adopted for the mem- .sion of primary air and a port 66 connect- 69 ber regulating the admission `of the explosive ing the core 5() with the constant level feed mixture as well as from the dispositions chamber 78 of the carburetor, which feed adopted for controlling the explosive mixchamber is of a well known type. tures at various speeds with the view to ex- A cone y8() is removably mounted in the pediting tlie'recovery.` core 50 and is maintained in place by a The object of the present invention is to blade spring 8l which bears on an rintereliminate the above disadvantages andv to mediate part 130, the latter abutting, on the enable the motor rapidly to piclrv up speed, one hand, against the ybody portion of the that is to say, to ypass rapidly from slow carburetor and, on the other hand, against speed to normal'speed, without it being necthe base of cone 80, whereby the correct po- ?9 essary to excessively increase the richness of sition of the cone is insured The intermethe explosive mixture Vunder normal operatdiate p art 18() rests on a screw-cap 8 on ing conditions. l .v which is screwed a screw threaded nipple An object of the invention is also toeasily of the carburetor body: and on the other 5 and precisely proportion the amounts of air hand against a knob 83 of a nozzle carrier (Z5 l and fuel in the explosive mixture at the 84; the latter has a conical external surface Vaws Speedsl p by which it is seated in a conicalspace of A preferred embodiment ofthe invention the cone 80. Y Y v p is illustrated by way of example on the ac- A 'port 85 for the admission of lliquid fuel coinpanying drawingy iny which Fig. l is a is provided in the nozzle carrier and opens eo vertical axial section through the carbuinto :the mainv nozzle 86. The latter opens remy, Figa 2 a perspective view of the coiiintofan initial'mixing chamber 87 intowhicli trol valve, Fig. 3 a similar view of the rotary opens also an inlet 90 for primary air which sleeve therefor and Fig. 4: a section through induces the ow of liquid fuel from the f, the intermediate body provided ywith the mainnozzle 86, minglingtherewith in the f3.5

helicoidal groove. chamber 87 and entraining it by way of911,

The carburetor comprises a bell-shaped Q12 towards the annular orifice 92 constitutvalvegl having two internal profiles '8 and ing the outlet of the atomized liquidfuel. 5l and adaptedl to slide freely on the upper These orifices are provided between the two f4 tubular body 25 of the carburetor, said body parts 501,502V which being screwed together 9.0

having flanges whichenable ittobe attached constitute the kcore ofthe carburetor. It is to the' induction pipeV which feeds the intel'-V appalfent that by the Cap 502l0e1ng mofe 0F nal combustion engine with explosive mixless screwed on the baseO?, the cross-section l ofthe Vorifices 92 can be regulated at will.

ture.

The valve l is provided with two key-s v72 Longitudinal slits 52 canlbe provided in A9.5

andf, one engaged inra Veltcal LTOOV@ 7,4 the Cap 502' of .he 0.0m. 50 to enable' ne of?, rotary Sleev-75 and the other in a hell.l streams of atomized liquidffuel and air con- Codal groove 76 .of an intel-.mediate body stantly to traverse the carburetor even when 77,' which disposition'enables the/"valve 1 to the valve l is closed, for enabling the motor 1 be raised morefor less. The carburetor also tobe driven at slow speed. l i190 Primary air is admitted through the port 58 and a passage 95, both formed in the core 50, said port connecting with the tubular inlet pipe 110, whilst the passage opens into an annular recess 96 hollowed out in the cap 502 and from which recess is branched ofi' a passage 97 opening at 90 toward the main nozzle 86.l

The cone 80 can also carry at its top a slow speed vnozzle, 98screwed into the cone and supplied with liquid fuel by the passages 100 and 99; this slow speed nozzle-opens into -a passage 101 disposed in the axis of the cone 80. Y Y v Y v Nozzle 98 is supplied with primary air by apassage 102 connecting with lthe air inlet port 58 and controlled Aby Aa needle valve 103 having a screw threaded portion 101i vand a milled operating head 105.

The abo-ve described construction permits the easy removal ofthe cone 80 `and thereby the ltwo nozzles 86 land 98 thus greatly facilitating the inspection and cleaning of the carburetor.

Moreover, the core 50 being made in 'two parts 501, 502 .permits very easy adjustment of the free cross-section of the orifice 92 for the discharge of atomized liquid fuel, also facilitating manufacture of the core and theboring of the various'passages therein.

It should also be observed that due to the above described construction, the air for the main nozzle 86 as well as the air for the slow Vspeed nozzle 98 are taken Afrom thesame ycurrent of aizr i110, which is an evident convenience :if :the `apparatus comprises an air purifier or a compressor. Y In the 'latter Acase it 'wiilil be of advantage to provide intercomnrunication by a passage 120 between the air supply 110 and @the iipper portion A'of the constant level feed chamber 7 8 :above the level fof the liquid fuel in such chamber.

Thus pressures will be balanced lwithin' the carburetor.

vThe :action of the valve in the carburetor is as follows.: First on the valve being raised, the section left free for secondary air between the inclined surfaces 232 and 5l formed respectively Aon the core :50 and on the valve, is adj-usted at will. At the same time, the section -left free for the explosive mixture between the Vsurfaces 281 and 8 of tihe core 50 and of the valve l is modified.

Y Thus a chamber lll is formed between the section 282-51 and the section 281-8 wherein the suction of fthe engine is exerted, suoh suction obviously varying according to the position of the va-lve'l. Tt willeasily be perceived that, :the larger the section 231-8 tfhe more the suction `of the motor exerted through 25 acts on the aboveichafmber, and therefore, the lower the pressure inV such chamber; the 'suction -thus induces a very act-ive lfiow of the liquid fuel, atomized or not, through the orifice 92 which :opens into the chamber lll between the two adjustable sections 23g-5l and 231-8.

If on the contrary the valve l is lowered,

inverse phenomena occur, that is to say, theY free cross-section 281-8 is reduced and in consequence the suction on the chamber 111 and also the induced flow Aof liquid fuel atomized or not.

TWhen the valve l seats itself against the core 50, its inclined surface 8 coming in contact with the inc-lined surface 281 which forms also the seat of the valve, the carburetor onlyyoperates for slow speed. Such operation at slow speed is ensured by two means: First by the slow speed 'nozzle 98, as has been above explained, vand then by the slits 52, which permit a certain quantity vof air and liquid fuel, vatoinized Aor not, 'toy be entrained .at 25 into the upper body of the carburetor, which ensures the feed of the engine at slow speed. Y

Obviously, lone -or the other of the two means 98-52 permitting the slow operati-on could be suppressed.

To ensure speed recovery of the engine, that .is to say, from slow speed to norma-l, it suffices to raise anew the valve l; the ktwo vari-able sections 23g-5l and 281-8v bein-g in immediate proximity fto the orifice 92, that is to say, to the point of contactwbetween the atomized fuel and the secondary air 110,

very rapid speed recovery of the engine is c obtained; the flow induced by the engine is indeed very lforcibly exerted -i-n the narrow section 231-81and iii-consequence against the orifice 92 which 'is in immediate proximity to this narrow section. There -is therefore a `formation of a very rich explosive mixture very useful for starting -up the eng-ine. The valve l then continuing to rise, the minimum section 281-8 of ythe carburetor is no longer Just above the orifice 92, but is -appreciably above the same with the resultthat .the suction effect of the engine 'is less intense on said orifice so that the explosive .mixture decreases lin richness, which is logical si-nce the starting of the motor has terminated.

We claim:

l. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, iii-combination, .a liquid fuel .chamchamber, a conical member engaged in av conical recessof said core, means ensuring the removable maintenance of said conical member in said core, a nozzle holder l.ofrcon-ical shape engaged in a conical recess v`of said conical member, removable'means maintain ing said nozzle holder in said recess, -amain Vnozzle .mounted in said nozzle holder, zmejans conducting liquid fuel Afrom said liquid fuel chamber to said vmain nozzle, means conduc-t-` ing primary V,air tosaid vmain nozzle, .means conducting the atomized liquid fuel yfrom izo admitting secondary air and seating in its closed Vposition on the seat of said core in proximity to the means for conducting the atoinized liquid fuel, mechanical means enabling said valve to be displaced relative to said body and said core and providing a free cross-section in immediate proximity to said fuel conducting means. and toward which the suction of the engine acts, thus enabling a rich explosive mixture and anveasy speed recovery of the engine to be obtained.

2. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, in combination, a liquid -fuel chamber, a carburetor body, a core located Within said body having a valve seat and constituted by an interconnected cap and base providing betvveen. them an outlet orifice for atomized liquid fuel, means connecting said body to said liquid fuel chamber, means for atoniizing liquid fuel carried by said core and conducting the atomized liquid fuel to said outlet orifice, means conducting liquid fuel from said liquid fuel chamber to said atomizing means, means conducting secondary air toward said atomizing means so as to ensure the formation of an explosive mixture, a valve disposed over said core and mounted in said carburetor body for controlling said meansradmitting secondary air and seating in its closedfposition on the seat of said core in proximity to said outlet orifice for atomized liquid fuel, mechanical means enabling said valve to be displaced relative to said core, said valve then moving away from the seat of said core and providing a free cross-section in immediate proximity to said outlet orifice toward which the suction of the engine acts, thus enabling a rich explosive mixture and an easy speed recovery of the engine to be obtained.

3. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, in combination, a liquid fuel chamber, a carburetor body, a core located within said body having a valve seat and constitutedby a cap and a base providing between them an outlet orifice for atomized liquid fuel, means connecting said cap to its base and enabling said cap to be adjusted relative thereto and thereby to said outlet orifice, means connecting said body to said liquid fuel chamber, means for atomizing liquid fuel carried by said core and conducting atomized liquid fuel to said outlet orifice, means conducting liquid Vfuel from said chamber to said atomizing means, means conducting secondary air toward said atomizing means so as to ensure tlie formation of an explosive mixture, a valve disposed over said core and mounted in said carburetor body for controlling said means admitting secondary air and seating in its closed position against the seat of said core in proximity to saidv outlet orifice, mechanical means enabling said valve to be displaced relative to said body and to said core, said valve then moving avvayfrom the seat of said core and providing a free cross-section in outlet orifice and toward Which the suction of the engine acts, tlius enabling a rich explosive mixture and an easy speed recovery of the engine to be obtained. f

l. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, in combination, a liquid fuel chamber, a carburetor body, means connecting said body to said liquid fuel chamber, a main nozzle mounted in said carburetor body, a slow-speed nozzle mounted in said carburetor body, means conducting a current of air into said carburetor body, means provided in said carburetor body for conducting a portion of said current of air to said main nozzle, means provided in said carburetor body and conducting a portion of the same current of air to said slow-speed nozzle, a valve mounted in said carburetor body and controlling the outlet section of the explosive mixture, and mechanical means enabling said valve to be displaced relative to said body.

5. In a carburetor for internal combustion engines, in combination, a liquid fuel chamber, a carburetor body, means connecting said body to said liquid fuel chamber, a main nozzle mounted in said carburetor body, a slow-speed nozzle mounted in said carburetor body, means conducting a current of air into said carburetor body, means provided in said carburetor body and conducting a portion of'said current of air to said main nozzle, means provided in said carburetor body and conducting a portion of the same current of air to said slow-speed nozzle, means provided in said carburetor body and conducting a portion of the same current of air to the upper part of said liquid fuel chamber, a valve mounted in said carburetor body and controlling the outlet section of the explosive mixture, and mechanical means enabling said valveto be displaced relative to said body. f

In testimony vvhereof We aliix our signatures.

` ERNEST LOUIS HENRI PEPINSTER.

Fai-:Diane GENVE.

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