US1764744A

US1764744A - Internal-combustion engine

Info

Publication number: US1764744A
Application number: US240377A
Authority: US
Inventors: Niven Archie Macphail
Original assignee: Continental Motors Corp
Current assignee: Continental Motors Corp
Priority date: 1927-12-16
Filing date: 1927-12-16
Publication date: 1930-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 1947-06-17

Description

A. M. NIVEN INTERNAL ZOMBUSTION .ENGNE 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed pac. 1e, 1927 ATTORNEY.

Patented June 1,7, 1930 N UNITED STATES" PATENT oFFlcE AROHE MACPI-IAIL NIVEN, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, `ASSIGNOR TO CONTINENTAL MOTORS CORPORATION, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Y ApplicationV filed December 16, 1927. Serial No. 240,377.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and refers more particularly to improved means for the distributionY and circulation of the cooling water. A further feature of lthe invention resides in facilitating the casting operations of the engine cylinder block. j j

My invention is primarily adapted for use in sleeve valve engines of various types but may also be used to Vadvantage in other types of engines.`

engines to provide a flow. of the cooling water inthe cylinder Vwater jacket upwardly mainly along one side of the enginesuch as the exhaust side and across the cylinder heads to a discharge conduit or header generally located along the opposite side of the It is desirable to providefor the elimination of steam pockets in the cylinder water jacket at points remote from the cylinder jacket outlet to the cylinder water jacket, this being customarily done by boring 'small holes through the cylinder top Wall. Such construction offers a decided disadvantage, however, since difficulty necessarily is experienced in coringA the cylinder water jacket in the portions thereof remote from the cylinder water jacket outlet. object ofmy invention resides in providing relatively large openings in the cylinder block top wall j not only Aat the cylinder jacket outlet V'but also at points `remote there# from whereby the waterjacket top wall is provided with ample openings for support of cylinder water acket cores, the general coring operations of the cylinder block being thereby facilitated. In the engine assembly such of the core openings as are not desirable from the standpoint of proper water circulation are closed of,my invention providing for conveniently Vattaining this' end through the cooperation of thev cylinder heads or the cylinder head jacket cover;

A further feature of my invention resides for conveniently regulating the amount of cooling water` from the cylinder jacket to the `cyl-inder'head jackets in proportion to the proximity of the cylinder heads to the One water circulating pump. Thus, by varying the eifective opening area between the cylinder jacket and the various cylinder head jackets ofthe engine so that the openings nearest the water pump are smaller than j i izing the cooling eect for `the various en- It 'is desirable especially in sleeve ,Valve gine cylinder heads and exhaust passages. I prefer for convenience andsimplicity Vto utilize the same means toattain this `end that .I employ in facilitating the cylinder prevention of steam heads,

Fig. 2 is a section along 2--2 of Fig. l, Fig. 3 is a section along 3 3 of Fig.] Fig. 4 is a view Corresponding generally to Figfl but illustrating a modified embodiment of my invention, and Y `Fig. 5, is a section along l5--5 of Fig. 4.

` Y Referring to the drawings reference character A represents the cylinderblock cast-4 ing having a plurality of cylinderslO accommodating one or more sleeve` valves 1l" having intake and exhaust ports `12 and 13 respectively cooperating with cylinder in` take and exhaust ports 14v and 15, and cylinder intake and exhaust passages, 16 and 17. The cylinder block A is jacketed at 18 for receiving water circulated around `the various cylinders l0 by a suitable pump 19 havingva water inlet 19a. The top wall 20 of the cylinder block is provided along `one side, preferably the exhaust side, with 0pen` ings 21 adjacent the cylinder heads 22. These cylinder. heads may have a `jacket 23' extending into the respective cylinders, be'- Y, ing spaced therefrom to accommodate the sleeve valves and seated on the cylinder block top` wall 2O by a flange 24. Studs 25 serve to secure the cylinder heads in position. Above the cylinder heads is located a cylinder head cover 26 conveniently seated on the cylinder block top wall 20 by clamping nut'27 engaging the barrels 28 ofthe various cylinder heads.

Along the side of the engine opposite to the side having openings 21, are other. relatively large openings 29 through the -wall 20, these openings facilitating supporting the cylinder jacket cores and generally assisting the casting operation as will be readily understood. At the same time these openings cooperate as hereinafter described with the cylinder heads or cylinder headV cover for preventing the formation of steam pockets in the cylinder jacket. To this end the cylinder headV flanges 24 4for the most part cover the openings 29, a relatively small portion of such openings being uncovered such as the portion 30 intermediate adjacent cylinder heads. The portions 30 While preventing steain pockets in the cylinder jacket will not materially effect the desired -main flow of water upwardly from the cylinder jacket 18 through openings 21`along the exhaust side of the engine and across the cylinder heads into jackets 23 and thence `to Vthe outlet conduit or header 31 along the intake side of the engine. Thus the exhaust passages 17 are maintained in a cooled condition. If. desired'the cylinder heads 22 may be provided with deflecting means for circulating the water downwardly into the jacket 23 duringnits travel across the cylinder heads, this being no feature of this invention. Additional openings 32 through wall 20 may be provided' intermediate adjacent cylinders,`

these openings likewise assisting in the casting operation of the cylinder block and being likewise for thek most part coveredV by the flanges 24 of the cylinder heads, leaving a relatively small effective opening 33 for preventing steam pocket formations inthe cylinder acket in the vicinity of such points. At the engine Vcenter where the usual central relatively wide crankshaft bearing usually requires a, greater spacing between the central pair of cylinders than between other adjacent cylinders, a small er opening 32a may be provided instead of extending the flanges of adjacent cylinder heads to cover a larger opening, thereby avoiding the necessity for a cylinder head having a flange differing from others used inthe engine. i

Where the pump 19 islocated at the end of the cylinder blockas illustrated,1 may extendvthe cylinder head flanges 24 for those cylinders nearest the pump so as to overlie a portion Vofthe openings 21 and thereby reducefthe effective area of these openings. The remaining cylinders more remote from the pump do not have their cylinder head flanges extended over the openings 21. `Ifdesired this variation in effective area for the openings 21 may be graduated for each cylinder in proportion to its distance from the pump but I find it convenient and practicable from a manufacturing standpoint to relatively increase the effective area of the openings for the three end cylinders remote from the water pump for the same amount in a six cylinder engine as illustrated, the other three cylinders having the openings 21 relatively restricted by the saine amount. rlhis facilitates manufacture of the cylinder heads. By reason of the graduation in the effective areas of the openings 21 substantially the saine quantity of water will circulate through each cylinder head of the engine, insuring substantially the same cooling for the cylinder heads remote from the pump as. for the cylinder heads in the proximity -of thepuinpf Vihere the water pump is located intermediate the ends of the cylinder block appropriate adjustment may be vmade inthe relative sizes of the effective openings `21 for .the cylinders in proximity to the pump and for those cylinders remote from the pump as will be readily'understood. v j

'With reference to Figs. 4 and 5 'I have illustrated a modified form of my inventionY attainingl the same advantages as described in connection with the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, by reason of a somewhat simpler and cheaper construction, this form being preferred for these reasons. In theseV views the cylinder block as before is cast withthe relatively large openings 29 in additionl to the openings 21, and where desired relatively small'openings B2b intermediate adjacent cylinders. These cor- .res ondin o Veninvs have the same functions and advantages as set forth in lconnection.with Figs. 1 to 3. However, the cylinder head flanges 24EL are constructed the same for each cylinder head' 22a and do not overlie the openings 29 or the openings 21. instead, the cylinder head cover 26a has its seatingflange 34 along the intake side of the engine extended inwardly over the major portion ofy openings leaving only a relatively small passageway 30a whichy corresponds to opening 30 of Fig. 1 for the eliminationV of 'steam pocket formations. Likewise, when desired, .the opposite cover seating flange-34fL along the exhaust side of the engine may be Vextended over a portion What I claim as my invention is:

1. An internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type comprising in combination a cylinder block having a plurality of engine Water jacketed cylinders, Water jacketed cylinder heads for the cylinders, said cylinder Vfor the cylinder head jackets along the lastV said side of the cylinder block, and means closing `the major portions of said core openings. thereby restricting the-passage of Water from the cylinder jacket tothe cyl inder head jackets and to the said cylinder head jacket outlet means tor themost part to the said top Wall Water outlet means and thereby preventing the formation ot steam pockets in the cylinder jacket in the vicinity ofsaid core openings.

2. An internal combustion engine of the sleeve valve type comprising in combination a cylinder block having a plurality of engine Water jaeketed cylinders, .Water jacketed cylinderlieads for the cylinders, said cylinder block having a top Wall provided Vwith Water outlet means adjacent the cylinder heads along one side longitudinally of the cylinder block .permitting passage of Water from the cylinder jacket to the cyl- V inder head jackets, said top Wall having core openings therethrough longitudinally along the other side of said cylinder block, Water outlet `means for the `cylinder head jackets 'along the last said side ofthe cylinder block,

and means overlying the major portions of said core openings thereby vrestricting' the passage of Water from the cylinder jacket to the cylinder head jackets and to the said cylinder head jacket outlet means for the most part to the said top Wall Water outlet means and thereby preventing the formation of steam pockets in the cylinderjacket in the vicinity lof said core openings. j

3. In acirculatory cooling system for an internal combustion engine ot the sleeve valve type, the combination oil a cylinder, a head therefor, means providing a cooling space above said head, a cooling jacket about said cylinder having openings into said space arranged on opposite sides of the longitudinal plane ofthe engine including the cylinder axis, and means closing the openings on one side of said plane sui'hcien'tly to cause the major portion of the cooling medium entering the said space to pass through the openingen the other side of said plane but permitting the passage oi gases through the first said opening.

4C. In a circulatory cooling system for an Ainternal combustion engine of the sleeve-` valve type, the combination .of a cylinder, a

head therefor, means providing a cooling space above said head, a cooling jacket about said cylinder having openings intoV said space arranged on opposite sides of thelongitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, and means overlying :the openings on one side of said ,plane suiiiciently to causethe .major portion of the cooling medium'entering the said space to pass through the opening on the otherside of said planebut permitting the passage of gases Vthrough the first said ,opening 5. ln. a circulatory system for an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having a surrounding cooling jacket with core openings at the upper` end thereof on opposite sides of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, and means overlying tlie core opening on one side of said plane sufiiciently to substantially restrict the flow of cooling medium from the ,cylinder jacketto the core opening on the other side of said plane but `permitting passage of gases through the first said core opening.

6. In a circulatory system for Van internal combustion engine, a cylinder having a surrounding cooling jacket With core openings at the upper end thereoi` on opposite sides of the `longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, a cylinderthead having a jacket .portion depending in said cylinder, a header, means closing the core opening on one side of said plane sulciently to restrict the flow of cooling medium from the cylinder jacket to the cylinder head jacket for the most partthrough'the core opening on the other side of said plane but permitting passage of gases through the first said core opening, and an outlet header for receiving the cooling medium from the cylinder head jacket located on the first said side ot the said plane.

7. A sleeve valve engine comprising in combination a cylinder block having a jacketed cylinder, said `block provided with openings on opposite sides of theV longitudinal plane ot the engine including `the cylinder axis, a cylinder `head member for the cylinder, a cylinder head cover member, one of said members closing the major portion of the opening on one side` of said plane. Y

8. A sleeve valve engine comprisingin combination a cylinder `block having a jacketed cylinder, said block provided With openings on ojz-posite sides of the loiigitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, a cylinder head member fortlie cylinder, a cylinder head cover member, one of said members closing the opening on one side of said plane suiliciently to restrictthe major flow oi cooling `medium to the cylinder head 'member to the opening on the las' other side of said plane but leaving 'sutilcient eflectiveopening to prevent the formation of a steam pocket in the vicinity thereof. i

9. A sleeve valve engine comprising in combination a cylinder block having a jacketed cylinder,said block provided `With openings on opposite sides of the longitudinal'plane of the engine including the cylcylinder,and a cylinder head cover member, said cylinder head cover member cooperating With the Vopening en one side of said plane to restrict the flow of-cooling medium to said cylinder-head member for the most part to the opening on the other side of said plane. j

11. sleeve valve engine comprising in combination a cylinder block having a jacketed cylinder, said block provided With openings on oppositefsides of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, a cylinder head member for the cylinder, and a cylinder head cover member,` said cover member having a flange seating on the cylinder block and overlying the major portion of the opening on one side of said plane.

12. Asleeve valve engine comprising in combination a cylinder block having a Y jacketed cylinder, said block provided with openings on opposite sides of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, a' cylinder head member for the cylinder, and a cylinder head cover member, said cover member having a flange seating on the cylinder block and overlying the major portion of theV opening on one side of said plane, the opening on the other side of said plane being substantially unrestricted. f 1

13. A sleeve valve engine comprising in combination a cylinder block having` a plurality ol" jacketed cylinders, said block having. an upper Wall provided With fluid outlet openings spaced longitudinally of the engine on one side of the longitudinal planeofthe engine including the cylinder axes, cylinder head means for the respective cylinders receiving cooling fluid from said openings, cover means for the cylinder heads cooperating therewith to provide cooling fluid chambers `for the cylinder heads, a pump for circulating cooling fluid from the cylinder jackets to the cylinder head chambers, one of said means cooperating with an opening in the proximity of the pump to restrict the fluidflow therethrough relative to another of said openings more remote from said pump thereby substantially equalizing thevflovv of cooling fluid throug the openings. v t

11i. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a. cylinder block having a jacketed cylinder, said block having an upper Wall provided with a relatively large core opening elongated in the directiony longitudinally of the cylinder block and located to one side of the cylinder, means providing a jacketed space abovethe cylinder, said cylinder block upper wall provided With a second opening located at the other side of the cylinder and establishing communication between the cylinder jacket and said j acketed space above the cylinder, and Water passage restricting means associated With said elongatedy core opening.

15. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a cylinder block having a jacketed cylinder, said block provided With relatively large core openings elongated longitudinally of the cylinder block on opposite sides of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, a cylinder head member for the cylinder, a cylinder head cover member, one of said members closing the major portion of the opening on one side of said plane.

16. A sleeve valve engine comprising in combination a cylinder block having a plurality of jacket-ed cylinders, said block having an upper Wall provided With fluid outlet openings spaced longitudinally of the engine on one side of the longitudinal plane of theengine including the cylinder axis, cylinder head mea-ns for thel respective cyl/- inders receiving cooling fluid from said openings, cover means for the cylinder heads cooperating therewith to provide cooling fluid chamber for the cylinder heads, a pump for 'circulating cooling fluid from the cylinder jackets to the cylinder vhead chambers, said cover means cooperating With an opening in the proximity of the pump to restrict the fluid flow therethrough relative to another of said openings more remote from said pump, thereby substantially equalizing the flow of cooling fluid through the openlugs.

17. A sleeve valve engine comprising in combination a cylinder block having a plurality of jacketed cylinders, said block having` an upper Wall provided with fluid outlet openings spaced longitudinally of the engine on one side of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, cylinder head means for the respective cylinders receiving cooling fluid from said openings, cover means for the cylinder heads cooperating therewith to provide cooling fluid chambers for the cylinder heads, a pump for circulating cooling fluid from the cylinder jackets to the cylinder head chainbers, said cover means provided with a flange seating on the cylinder ,block and cooperating with an opening in the proximity of the pump to restrict the fluid flow therethrough relative to another of said openings more remote from said pump, thereby substantially equalizing the flow of cooling liuid through the openings.

18. A sleeve valve engine comprising in combination a cylinder block having a plurality of jacketed cylinders, said block having an upper wall provided with fluid outlet openings spaced longitudinally of the engine on one side of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, cylinder head means for the respective cylinders receiving cooling fluid from said openings, cover means for the cylinder heads cooperating therewith to provide cooling fluid chambers for the cylinder heads, a pump for circulating cooling fluid from the cylinder jackets to the cylinder head chambers, said cover means provided with a flange seating on the cylinder block and arranged to overlie one or more openings in proximity to the pump to a relatively greater extent than those more remote from said pump, thereby equalizing the flow of cooling fluid through the openings.

19. A sleeve valve engine comprising in combination a cylinder block having a pluiality of jacketed cylinders, said block having an upper wall provided with fluid outlet openings spaced longitudinally of the engine on one side of the longitudinal plane of the engine including the cylinder axis, cylinder head means for the respective cylinders receiving cooling fluid from said openings,

\ cover means for the cylinder heads cooperating therewith to provide cooling fluid chambers for the cylinder heads, a pump for ally equalizing the flow of cooling fluidv through the openings.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 10th day of December, A. D.

ARCHIE MACPHAIL NIVEN.

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