US1764645A

US1764645A - Refrigerating apparatus

Info

Publication number: US1764645A
Application number: US134790A
Authority: US
Inventors: John R Replogle
Original assignee: Kelvinator Inc
Current assignee: Kelvinator Inc
Priority date: 1926-09-11
Filing date: 1926-09-11
Publication date: 1930-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 1947-06-17

Description

June 17, 1930. .1. R. REPLOGLE REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 11 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR.

w 1M. 9434? ATTORNEY.

June 17, 1930.

Filed Sept. 11, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 gff j! m 'EN TOR. :fanw ,8 55/2064 .5

ATTORNEY.

June 17, 1930. REPLOGLE 1,764,645

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 11, 1926 6 Sheets$heet 3 1 XVEN TOR.

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June 17, 1930.

J. R. REPLOGLE REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 11, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. a/wv I8 EEPLOGLE I ATTORNEY.

June 17, 1930. J. R. REPLOGLE REFRIGEHATING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 11, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 III I "mm" I N V EN TOR. JZH/V/E- ffiqmzi z A TTORN E Y.

June 17, 1930.

Filed Sept. 11 1926 J. R. REPLOGLE REFRIGERATING APPARATUS 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 z'dfl 1N VEN TO-R. Jaw Efizmwu WMM ATTORNEY.

Patented June 17, 1930 MTED STAS FTEN OFFlCE JOHII R. BEPLOGLE, 015 DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO KELVINATOR CORPORATION, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Application filed. September 11, 1926. Serial No. 184,790.

This invention relates to refrigerating apparatus and more particularly to mechanical refrigerating apparatus of the compression type in which air is utilized as the heat transfer medium.

' An object of the invention is to provide a refrigerating mechanism of the compression type utilizing air as the heat transfer medium, in which the elements are designed and associated into a simple, compact structure 'requiring a minimum area of space for its installation.

A further object of the invention is to provide a heat exchange apparatus for refrigerating systems in which the air travels through a closed conduit in its passage through the compartment in which the refrigerating mechanism is housed, so that dirt and foreign material in the air will not come into contact with and settle upon the mechanism.

Another object of the invention is to form and associate the mechanism of a refrigerating apparatus, so that refrigerant after being liquefied in the condenser will be directed to flow upon the compressor head for cooling purposes. to

These and other objects will appear in the following specification.

30. In the accompanying drawings which embody one form of the invention, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an ice cream cabinet, partially in section to illustrate the refrigerating apparatus; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the mechanism compartment of the cabinet having the casing removed to illustrate the refrigerating mechanism in position therein; Fig. 3 isan end elevation of the cabinet having the casing. removed to show the machinery compartment with the refrigerating mechanism therein; Fig. sis a fragmentary side elevation of the refrigerating mechanism removed from the cabinet and partially in section; Fig. 5 is an end view of the condenser; Fig. 6 is a side elevation partially in section of the condenser; Fig. 7 is a plan view of the cap intermediate the condenser and the compressor dome Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional View of the fan housing; Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view through the fan and fan housing takenon line 9-9 of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a vertical section through the fan and fan housing taken on line 1010 of Fig. 8; and Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view of the compressor to the cabinet shown in my Patent No. 1,476,-

546. The space within the cabinet is divided by a vertical wall 11 into a refrigerated food containing compartment 12 and a machine compartment 13, the food compartment including a brine tank 15 having a plurality of food containing sleeves 14 extending' therein. An evaporator 16 is located intermediate a pair of the sleeves within the tank to maintain the brine within a desired range of temperature. The frame of the cabinet illustrated consists of a plurality of horizontally and vertically extending angle irons 17 which are joined together to provide a rectangular structure, and walls 18 are secured about the angle iron frame work to provide an enclosure, suitable insulating means being provided interiorly of the walls 18 and wall 11 to prevent the entrance of air interiorly of the food compartment of the cabinet. The evaporator 16 is carried within ,the brine tank by an end wall 19 which is secured to a wall of the brine tank by studs 20. A coupling member 21 is secured to the end plate 19 and provides communication between the refrigerant supply conduit 22 and the interior of the vaporizer. A coupling member 23 is also secured to the end late 19 and provides a valve connection etween the refrigerant return line 24 and the vaporizer, and a T-shaped couplin 25 is associated with the connection 23 an provides communication between the conduit 26 and the upper end of the vaporizer, the pressure within the vaporizer functioning through, this connection 25 and conduit 26 to automatically control a switch for starting the electric motor 34.

A reciprocating compressor is 4 arranged vertically within the machine compartment 13 of the cabinet and includes a crank case housing 27 having a flanged upper end 28 and a cylinder 29 provided with a flange 30 which is secured upon the flange 28 of the crank casing housing. A piston 31 is arranged to reciprocate within the cylinder 29' and is operated by means of a piston rod 32, which is connected with a crank shaftextending through a crank case extension 33 and driven by the electric motor 34 through transmission mechanism located within the casing 35 and arranged in a horizontal plane adjacent the extension 33 of the crank case 27. The driving shaft 36 of the electric m0- tor 34 extends vertically in parallel relation with and at one side of the cylinder and crank case and projects beyond the top of the motor casing, as shown in Fig. 9.

The upper end of the cylinder 29 is open and a cylinder head 37 is secured thereto, such head having an open port extending vertically therethrough which is normally closed by a spring pressed valve member 38. A dome shaped casing 39 is provided at its base with a flange 40, which is secured to the flange 28 of the compressor casing by bolts 41. The dome casing surrounds the valved outlet end of the compressor and in spaced relation therewith forming a reservoir with the exterior wall of the cylinder, the refrigerant conduit 22 being connected with the reservoir by a port 42 formed in the compressor crank case. The top of the casing 39 is provided with an annular port, which is preferably of larger diameter than the area of the outlet through the cylinder head 37, and is arranged in vertical alignment therewith. Adjacent the upper end ofthe crank case casting 27 is provided a passage 43, with which the refrigerantreturn line 24 is connected, establishing communication between the crank case and the evaporator.

The machinery within the compartment 13 is carried by the casting 27, its extension 33 and the casting 35, which are bolted together and supported by legs 44 which are secured to and rest upon coil springs 45 for absorbing the vibration of the compres sor and the other operating mechanism associated therewith. One end of the crank case casting is provided with a filler neck 46 closed by removable screw plug, and a gauge 47 is associated with the end wall of the crank case casting so that the pressure within the crank case can be readily observed.

A condenser structure is arranged upon the top of the dome 39 and includes a cylindrical receptacle 48, preferably formed of cuprous material and having end plates 49 secured in position by twining the ends of the receptacle inwardly and beading the receptacle at the rear of the plates, and securing the same by soldering, or in any similar suitable manner. The end plates are provided with a plurality of aligned apertures which are formed to flare outwardly, as at 50. Cylindrical tubes 51 extend through the receptacle 48 and are secured in the apertures in the end plates 49, the ends of the tubes being flared outwardly and ressed tightly against the walls in the en plates forming the apertures. The tubes are preferably formed of copper and are of substantially the same diameter throughout their length. The receptacle 48 is arranged to be supported upon the top of the dome and preferably extends axially in a horizontal plane, a portion 52 of the receptacle wall being formed with a. downwardly extending neck 52 which is inserted through the port in the top of the dome 39 and then flanged outwardly at its end interiorly of the dome to secure the receptacle rigidly therewith. The port in the top of the dome 39 and the adjacent downwardly extending portion 52 of the receptacle provide a conduit, which is preferably of larger diameter than the upwardly extending portion'of the cylinder head and arranged in alignment therewith, to permit compressed refrigerant gases from the com ressor to be exhausted directly into the con enser receptacle 48.

A cylindrical sheet metal deflector is arranged within the conduit intermediate the compressor and the receptacle and is provided with a peripheral flange 53 which fits tightly within the downwardly extending tral aperture 55 atits lowermost portion, and upwardly extending apertured bosses 56 are/provided in the annular interior portion 54 of the deflector providing inlet passages through which the compressed refrigerant gases pass into the receptacle 48. When the compressed gases within the receptacle 48 have been condensed, the liquid refrigerant will flow by gravity into the deflector and through the aperture 55 therein, and will thereby be directed against the head of the compressor and chiefly against the valve portion thereof to cool-the same. It will be seen that the bosses 56 project upwardly sufliciently so that the compressed gases from the compressor will pass therethrough without coming into contact with the condensed li uid refrigerant which is draining bac against the wall 54 ofthe deflector, and in this manner there will be no co-mingling of the compressed gases with the returning liquid refrigerant. The, refrigerant will flow into the reservoir formed by the dome 39 and the exterior wall of the compressor, from which it passes to the conduit 22 through the port 42, as previously described. A cylindrical casing or shell 57 preferably formed of sheet metal, is arranged exteriorly 1 of the condenser receptacle '48 and is maintained in spaced relation therewith by bosses 58 which are formed to extend inwardly therefrom and to rest against the 5 exterior wall of the reservoir. The casing ,57 is provided with an aperture boss 59, through which a neck 60 projecting from the reservoir extends; a suitable valved coupling 61 is arranged to extend within the neck 60 and such coupling provides means whereby the mechanism can be charged with refrigerant from the exterior of the casing.

The condenser receptacle is located interiorly of the casing 57, and the casing 57 forms one end of a main conduit through which air is propelled. Air is drawn through the condenser structure and the elbow 62 by the fan 70, the air passing through the condenser between the interior of the shell 57 and the exterior of the receptaele 418 and through the tubes 51. The tubes 51 are provided interiorly with spiral strips which cause the air passing therethrough to swirl and scrub against the tubes. Heat from the refrigerant discharged into the receptacle 48 is absorbed by the air while passing through the condenser structure and is transferred from the tubes 51 and the receptacle wall. The air conduit consists further of an annular elbow 62, a fan housing 63 having an outletneck portion 64,

and a flexible bag 65 which-extends through an aperture in the bottom wall 66 of the machinery compartment of the cabinet. The elbow 62 telescopes interiorly of an end of the casin 57 and is secured rigidly therewith, the el ow being formed to direct air from a horizontal path into a vertical path.

0 The lower end of the annular elbow 62 is arranged to telescope within the inturned upper wall 67' of the fan housing 63 and is arranged in open communication with the interior of such housing. The lower wall of the housing 63 is provided with a depending flange 68 which telescopes into an opening at the top of the motor casing 34 and is supported thereby. The fan housing extension 64 is preferably formed separately and is formed to extend in a horizontal plane from the fan housing and then in a downwardly extending plane at its end, to direct air traveling in a horizontal plane through the fan housing into a vertical plane from which it passes through the bag portion 65 of theconduit to the exterior of the cabinet. The elbow 62, the fan housing 63 and the fan housing extension 64 are all formed preferably from single sheets of metal and are assembled together as a ri 'd unitary structure, the fan housing extension being riveted to the fan housing at 69, as shown in Fig. 8. The wall of the machinery compartment is provided with an opening 65 or with louvres, so that air can be drawn A fan of a rotary straight blade type,

is located within the fan housing 63 and is arranged axially in ali nment with the opening in the top wall of t e housing. The

fan conslsts of a pair of side members 71 which have secured therebetween a plurality of straight blades 72, the lower side member 71 being curved upwardly and resting upon a bearing 73 which is supported upon a housing 74 extending aroundthe extension 36 of the driving shaft. A bolt 75 is provided to secure the upper end of the driving shaft extension 36. The fan and the compressor being driven by the same motor shaft will operate synchronously when the automatic mechanism causes the motor to operate.

The depending end 7 6 of the fan housing extension 64 is flared outwardly, and the upper end of the bag 65 is secured to a coil spring 77 which clamps the bag to the fan housing extension above the flanged portion 76. The lower end of the ba is secured to a coil spring 7 8 which is 0 such a normal diameter that it extends exterior of the opening in the floor board 66 through which the bag 65 passes, and it will therefore be seen that the bag is held in the position described and can be readily removed from the fan housing extension and the m'a chine compartment.

The fan is arranged to be driven at a substantially high rate of speed and. will draw air through the opening in the side of the machine compartment, through and around the condenser, then through the elbow 62, the fan housing 63 and its extension 64, and outof the machine compartment through the bag 65.' This arrangement confines the air during its entire passage through the machine compartment and therefore dirt will not become lodged upon the working elements of the machinery which is housed within the compartment 13. By providing a high speed fan a small condenser can be utilized, and with the construction and arrangement of the air conduits, fan, and condenser I provide a compact structure which can be manufactured at a low'cost and installed in a comparatively small space. The horizontal arrangement of the condenser and the parallel relation of the fan and drive shaft with the compressor permits connections to be readily made for the passage of air in a confined path, which lends itself to compactness.

.said condenser and casing sults in a structure which can be manufactured and assembled at a low cost.

Various changes can be made in the construction and arrangement of the heat transferring device herein described without departing from the spirit of what is claimed. v

What I claim is: 1. In refrigerating apparatus, a compres- $01, a motor operatively connected to saidcompressor, an evaporator, a casing enclosng the outlet end of said compressor forming therewith a refrigerant reservoir, an air cooled condenser receptacle secured upon the top of said casing, said condenser and casing having aligned ports through which compressed refrigerant is dischar ed from said casing and returns in li uid orm into said reservoir, a fan operative y connected to said motor and adapted to blow air over said condenser, and conduits leading from said evaporator to saidcompressor and said reservoir.

2. In refrigeratm apparatus, a compressor, a motor operatively connected to said compressor, an evaporator, a casing enclosingthe outlet end of said compressor forming a refrigerant reservoir therewith, a perforatedcondenser drum secured andextcnding lengthwise across thetop of said casing, having aligned ports through which refrigerant enters in gaseous form and returns to said reservoir by gravity in liquid form, a fan operatively connected to said motor and adapted to blow air throu hsaid condenser drum, and conduits lea ing from said evaporator to said compressor and said reservoir.

'3. In refrigerating apparatus, a compres -sor. an evaporator, a vertically extending casing surrounding the outlet end of said compressor forming a refrigerant reservoir, a condenser receptacle above said casing, a

conduit connecting said reservoir and said condenser receptacle, a plate extending transversely in said conduit, said plate having perforations and apcrtured bosses to permit passage of liquid and gaseous refrigerant in opposite directions without mingling, and conduits leading from said evaporator to said reservoir and said compressor.

4. In refrigerating apparatus, a compressor having an outlet valve in its top wall,a

casing surroundin the upper end of said compressor, a con enser receptacle secured to the top of said casing, said casing and condenser receptacle having assages therein in alignment with said out et valve of the compressor, means in said passages to direct liquid refrigerant returning by gravity from said condenser receptacle against said outlet port, an evaporator, and conduits connectin said evaporator with said compressor and the interior of said casing.

5. In a refrigerated food cabinet having a machine compartment, heat exchange mechanism within said compartment comprising a condenser in communication at one end with air exterior of said compartment, said condenser having air passages therethrough, an elbow conduit secured in open communication with the other end of said condenser, a snail housing secured with said elbow, a fan in said snallthousing for pro pelling air, and a conduit leading from said snail housing to the exterior of said machine compartment.

6. In a refrigerated food cabinet having a machine compartment, heat exchange mechanism within said compartment comprising a condenser in communication at one end with air exterior of said compartment, said condenser having air passa therethrough, an elbow conduit secure in open communication with the air passa s at the other end of said condenser, a snail housin secured with said elbow, a fan in said snai housing ,for propelling air, and a detachable flexible conduit leading from said snail housing to the exterior of said machine compartment.

4 7. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination, a compressor, a casing -'surroundin the upper-outlet end of said compressor, an spaced therefrom to provide a liquid refrigerant reservoir, a condenser comprising a closed shell having air passa es exten n horizontally therethrough an a surroun ing casing, said condenser casing being secured to and in open communicationwith said reservoir, a motor for operating said compressor having ashaft extending in parallel relation with said compressor, a an secured to said motor drive shaft for causing air to travel throu h the air passages in said condenser, an a conduit extending intermediate one of the ends of said condenser casing and said fan.

8. In a refrigerating apparatus, a compressor structure having a valved outlet port in a wall thereof, a casing secured to and enclosing a portion of said compressor structure, said casing being adapted to provide a liquid refrigerant reservoir interiorly th'ere-' of, a condenser secured to said casing, said condenser and casing having ports through a condensed refrigerant in a direction toward a the valved outlet port in said compressor,

and means for directing a heat absorbing fluid into contact with said condenser.

9. In "a refrigerating apparatus, a compressor structure having a valved outlet port in a wall thereof, a casing secured to surround the upper portion of said compressor structure in spaced relation with the walls thereof, the space between said casing and said compressor forming a liquid refrigerant reservoir, a condenser mounted on the top of said casing, the adjacent walls of said condenser and said casing having communicating ports in alignment with the valved outlet port in said compressor structure, and means associated with theports in said casing and condenser to permit gaseous refrigerant to enter said condenser and to direct condensed refrigerant against the valved port in said compressor structure.

10. In a refrigerating apparatus, a compressor structure having a valved outlet port in the wall thereof, a motor operatively connected to said compressor, a casing secured in spaced leak proof relation and surrounding the upper portion of said compressor structure, the space between said casing and said compressor. structure forming a liquid refrigerant reservoir, a condenser secured upon the top of said casing and arran ed in 0 en communication therewith and means operatively. connected to said motor for directing a current of air transversely of said apparatus in contact with the walls of'said condenser.

11. In a refrigerating apparatus, a compressor having a vertically extending cylinder, a casing surrounding the upper portion of said cylinder in spaced relation therewith, said cylinder having an outlet port for admitting compressed refrigerant into the space exterior thereof, a condenser secured upon the top of said casing having a port for communication with the casing, a fan for moving air transversely of said apparatus and in contact with the wall of said condenser, the axis of said fan being parallel with one side of said compressor cylinder, and means for driving said compressor and fan.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

JOHN R. REPLOGLE.