US1764528A - Furnace for burning liquid fuel - Google Patents

Description

; June 17, 1930. A E RUTTQ; 1,764,528

FURNACE FOR BURNING LIQUID FUEL Filed June 1sj192v s Shecs-Sheet 1 June 17, 1930.

. J. E. RUTTER FURNACE FOR BURNING LIQUID FUEL Filed June 16, 1927 -3 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 17, 1930. J. E. RUTTER FURNACE FOR BURNING LIQUID FUEL Filed June 16, 1927 3 sheets-sheet. s

Patentecl June 17, 1930 j UN- I-TED res , JOSEPH 1:. Roman, or roar LEE, NEWJEBS Y.

summon FOR BURZtIING LIQ ID FUEL Application filed June 16,

This invention relates to an apparatus or furnace for the eflicient burning and gasifying of liquid fuel or oil for heating purposes, and has for its object the provision of'a hydro-carbon burner which will operate at high eificiency and at a minimum cost; and the invention consists of the improved construction and arrangement 'of parts which will be described in detail in the specification to follow, and the novel features of which will be set forth in the appended claims. I i

In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is a front elevationof my improved 5 apparatus with parts broken 'away and parts in section.

' Fig.2 is a side elevation of the same with parts broken away and with parts in section.

Fig. 3' is a fragmentaryview in elevation of the apertur'ed arch'of the secondary combustion chamber. 'Fig. 4; is an elevation of the oil ignition burner unit.

Fig; 5- is a plan view of the same. I Fig. -6 is a vertical section through one side of the burner unit on the line 66 of eferring to the drawings:

The improved apparatus comprises as its main elements an ignition burner unit 1 to ,which the liquid fuel, in the present instance fuel oil is supplied by a pipe 2, a'n expansion chamber 3 arranged over the ignition burner of the burner unit, a'primary combustion chamber 4 arranged over and connecting with the expansion. chamber, and a secondarycombustion chamber-5 communicating with and surrounding the primary combustion chamber, the said elements being surrounded by and enclosed in aheating chamber 6 of a furnace structure provided with side walls 7, a rear wall" 7,'and a front wall 8..

The ignition burner unit as best shown in- Figs. 4, 5 and 6 consists of a body oftruncated conical form which seated on the bottom of an open rectangular tray 9 so as to be surrounded by the side walls 9 of said tray. At the top of the conical body is an oil distributor, in the form of a pan. 10in 1927. Serial No. 199,180)

position to receive the oil flowing from the discharge end of the oil supply pipe 2, which pan is formed 'with discharge openings 11, in the present instance four in number in its sides, arranged at equal intervals around the pan, so.as to cause the oil delivered to the pan and unignited therein to flow down the inclined side of the conical body. The

outer side of the conical body is formed, in linev with the discharge openings 11, with grooves or channels 12-which extend from said discharge openings to the base of the body, and "in these channels are arranged at two points in their length upper and lower protuberant spherical-like deflecting mem hers Band 14 for the purpose of dividing and spreading laterally the streams of oil flowing downwardly in the channels. At the points in the channels where the deflecting members l3-are located the conical body is formed with upwardly and outwardly extending branch channels 15 communicating at their lower ends with the channels 12; and at the points where the lower deflecting members 14 are located, the conical body is formed with similar branch channels 16 communicating at their lower ends with the 'basesof the channelsl2. Surrounding the conical body just below the deflecting members 13 isa circular air distributing pipe 17 formed with air discharge openings 18 in 1ts inner side in line with the respective chan nels 12, the said pipe extending outwardly .through a side wall of the tray 9 and being adapted to be {connected with a suitable source of air under pressure, and bemg provided with a controlling valve 19; and surrounding the conical body just below the de-v flecting members 14 is a similar circular air.

distributing pipe 20 formed with air discharge openings 21 in its inner side in line with the respective channels 12 said pipe extending outwardly through the side wall of the tray and being adapted for connection with a suitable source of air under pressure and provided with a controlling valve 22.

In the operation of thebiu'ner-unit the oil is fed bygravity by the supply pi pe to the distributing pan 10, where it is gnited, and such oil as may not become 1gagainst the protuberant deflecting-members and up the branch channels 16 and vapor.-

ized, and any oil which is still unvaporized at this point will flow downto the bottom of the tray and escape therefrom through openings-23 in the side wall of the tray and enter a pipe 24 by which the oil will be delivered to anoyerflow tank 26 more particularly described later on.

zaT'Due to 'the action of the air 'currents on the'oil flowing down'the channels 12, the oil is broken upintoa finely-divided vaporized condition,or spray'and will' readily ignite and burn with elficient combustion. As the I oilwhich is still unvaporized willinstantly escapefromthe'tray, there will be 'no liabil- ":ity "of the oil boiling in '-the tray and no "chance fortheformation of carbon at this Thee'x'pansion chamber 3"is 1n the form 1 of a throat with upwardly and butwardly flaring Walls and is: arranged with its lower "end close to"t-he-upper end of the tray*9 '--anjd is supportedby a fioor 27 of heat insuthe- 'ivallsof the heating onfurnace chamber 6beforealluded' to. The walls of the ex- "pa'nsi'o'n chamber areformed of carborund'uin possessing high degree the property 1 10? radiatingheat and the burning oiljpa'ss- -ing'upwardlyi'therethrough to the primary andedq icombu'stion chamber "will be effectively ex- *-"*The primary eonibiis'tion cliainber 4e'is' ar- 5 ranged-over theexpan'sionchamber3, in position to receive the burning o'ildirectly therefrom; 'and' is 'er'iclosedat its; sides -by 'si'de wa'lls 28 rising, from'the'fioor; at its back loyfv aba'ck wanes) also rising from the fioor,

5Q whi'ch walls'are formed-with amultitude'ot I restricted 'apertures 30'and' 31 respectively;

iat its front by the Wall '8' before alluded to;

: "and at its'top bya' solid arch-32, the said walls andarcl i beingpreferably' formed of c'arborundum brick, and the heated arch serving as a targetagai'ii'st which the burning-particles of cit from the-expansion chamber-are impinged;

*Thefburnl n'g ivaporized. oil; escaping .eo-through the apertures inthe' backand side i Walls of the primarycombustion chamber "will flow, into. the secondary combustion chamber 5, which as beforementioned 'surrounds the primary chamber. This secondeqarychamber is enclosed at its sides" and back by side piers. 33 and a -back wallj3t igl sin'g from the floor27, and at its top by an arch 35, which walls and arch are preferably formed of carborundum, the said chamber being closed at its front, by the front wall 8 ot the furnace structure. 'The rear wall is providedcat a point above the arch of the primary combustion chamber with apertures 36 and the arch 35 is provided with apertures 37, through wh ch two sets;- of'a'pertures the burning oil passes-to the heating chamberCG before alluded to, to act on the boiler or other elementto be heated.

By the dual arrangement of the combustion'chambers asdescribed, a very high ef-, ficiency in combustion of the oil is'eiiected.

The burning particles of oilfrom .th'e expansion chamber by being impinged by the air jets from pipes 17 and 20 against the highly heated 1 a-rch -df the primary' combustion chamber, aree'xploded a'ndbroke'nyup as before explained, and the oil in this form and the' burning gases'flow outwardly through the apertures 30 and '31 and, enter the sec ondary combustion chamber where any particles of the burning oil which may not have been exploded in the primary combustion chamber, will, by striking the" 'highly heated walls and arch of the secondary combustion chamber become completely gasified, thereby eliminating any chancel'of p articles'.- ot ungasified oilbeing dep'osi'tedf on the {crown sheet of-the boiler or other 'element' to be heated. 36 'latingbrick extending horizontally between The primary combustion chamber, due to the formation of its walls of"carborundu1n and due to its (-ommun1cations with the secondarycombustion: "chamber.through the" multitude of small openings as- 'describcd, w ll act as an effective wat'e'rgas generator, for which pu'rposewajterbr steamds fed by a pipe 38 to the distributingpan of;the burnerumtgwhn by the previous burning of the-oil, the "carboru'ndum' walls o'tthe combustion chambers have become =highlv heated. The steam passing tlirOughth' pansion chamber 1 will beeomef-l superheated #by the-burning oil", andwill'bep'artly clisso ciated, free' hydrogen and oxygen 'combin- -ing w ith theacarbon'monoxideito formwa'ter gas in the' secondary combustion chamber.

The dissociation of: the steanr and crackingiofunburned oil:are tacilitate'dby the' highly',

heated porous carborund'i'im walls [of the combustion chamber; IThe: l eati resulting f rom the combustion of the wat-er gasthus iormed, coupled with" the heat ot I the inimaximum ellicicncy at the minimum cost of operation- 2 steam to the burner 'un'it, extend dow'nl:

wardly'in front of the furnace and enter the front sideof the expansion/chamber through the front wall 8 of the furnace structure, the discharge ends of said pipes being arranged over the oil distributing pan 10. The pipe 38 is connected with a suitable source of supply of water or steam as the case may be, and is provided with a controlling valve 40.

The fuel oil supply pipe is likewise provided with a controlling valve 41 and the pipe leads to one end of a stabilizer tank 42 supplied with oil from a pipe 43 entering the other end of the tank. The pipe 43 leads downwardly to the force side of a continuously operating pump 44 driven by a motor 45, which pump has connected with itssuction side a pipe 46 leading to a suitable source of oil supply. c.

The unignited oil flowing from the tray of the burner unit into the overflow tank 26 before alluded to, and accumulating in said tank, is automatically discharged therefrom from time to time by being drawn off by the pump and pumped upwardly into the stabilizer tank to be again supplied to I the burner. This is effectedby a discharge pipe 47 connected at one end to the pipe 46 and and a secondary combustion chamber substantially surrounding the primary combuspansion chamber and providedwithapertured side walls, an apertured back wall, and

a solid arch 'to' serve as a target for the fuel' from the expansion chamber, and a secondary combustion chamber substantially surrounding the primary chamber and provided with solid sidewalls, and ,a back wall .apertured at a'point above the arch of the primary combustion apertured arch.

In test-imonywhereof I have afiixed 'my signature hereto.

" JOSEPHI]. BUTTER.

chamber, and an having its other end eritended into the overflow tank and terminating near the bottom of thesame as shown in Fig. 1. Theend of the pipe 47 within the tank is engaged by a valve disc 48 on one end of a horizontallever 49 pivoted between its ends within the tank on a horizontal transverse axis as at 50, the other end of the lever having. fixed to. it a float 51. The form and relation of these parts are such that normally the valve disc will be held against and will close the end of the pipe, but on the rise of the float,

when the oiltin the tank accumulates to a predetermined l'evel,-the' yalve disc will be moved down and will open the end of the 'pipe, whereupon the pump will act to suck an expansion chamber in position to receive theburning fuel from the burner .unit, a

primary combustion chamber communicatmg with the expansion chamber, and a secondary combustion chamber substantially surroundingthe primary combustion cham- :ber and communicating therewith.

2. In an apparatus of the type described, the combination of a liquid fuel burner,- means for feeding liquid fuel to the same, a primary combustion chamber in position} to receive the burning fuel from the burner unit and provided with apertured side walls, an apertured back wall, and a solid arch,

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