US1763769A - Excavating tool for ditching or dredging machines - Google Patents

Description

June 17, 1930. H. FISCHER 1,763,769

EXCAVATING TOOL FOR DITGHING 0R DREDGING MACHINES Filed Feb. 11, 1927 I/YVEN TO K Patented dune 17, 19 30 mo risen-ea, or LUBECK, GERMANY, assrcnon. TO L'U'BECKER- MASCHINENBAU- GESELLSCHAIT, OI LUBE-CK, GERMANY A I'KCAVATING TOOL-FOR DITCHING OR DREDGING MACHIlIES Application filed February 11, 1927, Serla1 No. 167,530, and in Germany December 3, 1925.

a My invention relates to an excavating tool for use in ditching or dredging machines or apparatus and more particularly to a tool in the shape of a blade-wheel adapted to be 5 driven by power so as to revolve about-a horizontal axis and which is specially useful for cutting ditches and performing similar work either above or below the level of water.

I amaware of the fact that apparatus ineluding a bladewheel for ditching or excavatmg purposes have been suggested heretofore.

Now the object of my inventlon is to provide a power-driven blade-wheel for thepurpose above indicated which will not only serve as an excavating tool but also act at the same time to convey and discharge or deliver the excavated material to a certain place or places. I V

My invention'will be best understood by reference to'the following description-when taken in connection with the accompanying illustration showing two specific embodiments thereof, while its. scope will be more par-- ticularly pointed out in-the appended claims.

In the drawings,-Figure 1 shows in sectional elevation an excavating wheel embodying one form of my invention; Figure 2 is a sectional side view thereof; Figure 3 shows in side elevation-the wheel'in connection with its operating and driving elements; Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3, showingthe other embodiment of my invention, and Figure 5 is a. sectional illustrated inFigure 4. v

Referring to the embodiment shown in'Figures 1 to 3 I' have thereiillustrated my invention as applied to a boat or a similar floatingstructure supporting the necessary operating and driving means. ,-It will be seen, that the blade-wheel comprises two lateral disks a and Y a with a numberof preferably curved blades 5 inserted therebetween an'd'rigidly connected therewith so-that the disks and the blades form a rigid digging or excavating unit. The blades 7; are arranged in radial relationship between the two lateral disks and their free or peripheral edges maybe sharpened-or provided with teeth; The. periphery of the two disks may likewise be sharpened or provided 5 with teeth to ensure a ready cutting action View of the blade-wheel the loosened soil to or in front of the blades.

.The described structure or wheel is loosel shaft 0 so as to be freely revoluble thereabout. The horizontal shaft 0 is provided with a longitudinal opening d and to this end the top part thereof is cut away to the full length between the two disks a and a, as will be clearly seen in Figure 1. The operation is as follows:

The blade-wheel is driven in the usual manner on or over the ground with the aid of any appropriate driving means and the revolving motion imparted to the wheel will cause each-blade'to loosen and lift a certain portion of soil and drop the same through the opening d into the hollow shaft 0, as will be readily understood on inspection of Figure 2, means being provided for continuously removingthe y mounted on a stationary or adjustable hollow soil from the hollow shaft so that the same cannot unduly pile up in or choke upthe hollow shaft, as will be explained more in detail hereinbelow.

As shown in the several figures of the drawings the freeperipheral edges of the digging blades 6 are located approximately in alinement with the peripheral edges of the two disks a Vanda or, in other words, they lie in the cylindrical surface of the two parallel disks. It goes without saying, however, that r the two disks may be sized to project beyond the ed es of the bladesso that the edges of the dis s will cut into the ground to produce parallel cuts therein and thebladesthus will be capable of more readily removing the soil between. such two parallel cuts.

During each full rotation of thewheelthe single blades are raised or rise, from a vertical lowermost or digging position to an uppermost vertical position, over and above the opening of the hollow shaft so, that the soil lifted and carried along with the blade will slide off and drop into the hollow shaft, and even any sticky soil of loamy or clayey nature will readily be discharged from the blade and drop into the opening of the hollow shaft when the blade passes'beyond its upper- I part of the wheel.

In connection with the adjustability of the shaft 0, it is to be noted that there is connected to the bearing which supports the said shaft, a screw shaft or worm w hich engages with a worm wheel at secured on the ollow shaftd. The worm w may beturned by hand or in any other suitable manner necting means. In the em the agenc wheels, s ch as k,

whereby an adjustment of the shaft 0 is effected.

I shall now proceed to describe by way of exemplification, the means for continuously removing the soil from the hollow shaft. As 'will be seen in Figure 3 the blade-wheel is employed for cutting a ditch and it will be un erstood that the water in the ditch has free access to the hollow shaft of the wheel. The shaft is closed at its two ends and the tem. Obviously, however, any other suitable mechanism for driving the digging wheel from a source of power may-be substituted for the driving mechanism shown in Figures 4 and 5.

The soil received by the blades is thrown through the opening d of the hollow shaft 0 into. the latter, as described with reference to Figure 2. The shaft 0 is open at one or both ends and a screw conveyor m is mount-- ed in the hollow shaft. The screwv is composed, in case that both ends of the hollow shaft 0 are-open as shown, of two discharging halves the one half discharging the soil in the one direction and the other half in the other direction when or as the shaft n of the conveyor is caused to rotate. Any suitable means (not shown) for driving the shaft n may be employed. Apparently a screw conveyor adapted to discharge the soil from the hollow shaft 0 at one end thereof only may be used and in this case the other end of the shaft 0 may be closed. Further, the conveyor may be of any other a propriate construction known to persons 'lled in the art.

Means for raising and lowerin the blade wheel-is provided for preferably in the form of an upwardly extending beam Q secured to the dredging machine at O. This beam is one end thereof is connected with apump f made rigid by a frame work P bracing it of any appropriate construction by means of a suitable conduit such as a hose 6. Supposin the pumg is at work and the wheel is revo ving in t e bottom of the ditch in anticlockwise direction to remove soil in front thereof, the loosened soil will be conveyed by the blades to the hollow shaft in the manner above described and at the same time water will flow through the opening d into the hollow shaft so that the pum will act to remove from the hollow shaft a mlxture of water and soil in order to discharge and deposit the mixhire at any appropriate place.

The pump f 1s driven by any suitable source of wer such as the motor 9 which may be uti ized at the same time to drive the-bladewheel with the aid of an aaplplropriate conent shown in Figure 3, however, a separate motor h is employed for driving the blade-wheel through of chains '8 running over chain provided on the bladewheel'and on the shaft. of the motor'h,as will be readily understood by a person versed in the art.

' In the embodiment illustrated in Fi ures 4 and 5 the di g wheel is intende for cutting a dry itch or performing similar dry work. As will beseen the wheel is provided'with two lateral bevel-wheels preferably integral with the two disks, respectively, and engaging with bevel gear wheels 1 on shafts journaled in suitable bea 5 adapted to be driven by a motor h t and ough the agency of an appropriate spur-gear syspreferab y to the roof of the dredging machine. A pulley R is mounted at the end of thebeam Q and has trained thereabout a cable S, one end of the cable being attached at T. to the main supporting arm U of the blade wheel. By exerting a pull on the other end of the cable it is seen that the arm U may be raised or lowered to desired position.

In general I have not attempted to explain and show all of the minute details of the constructionof the apparatus, for it will be understood by those to whom this specification is addressed, that the parts will necessarily be of the usual construction, the proper size and relationship and will be properly mounted and supported according to the tenets of machine-construction; nor have I attempted to illustrate the parts or details in their exact sizes and dimensions as many of the parts are conventionally shown.

It does not seem necessa to burden this specification with an exposltionfof the advantages which the invention possesses for they will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention relates.

What I claim is A power-driven excavating tool of the character set forth, comprising a wheel havin two paralleldisks and anumber of radia digging blades between and rigidly connected wi the said two disks, said disks and blades being coextensive in the radial direction of the wheel, a stationary hollow' shaft for said wheel to rotate thereabout, an opening in the said hollow shaft between the disks for the blades to discharge therein" the excavated material, and means for continuously disoharging the material from the said hollow v shaft, the latter being adjustable with relation to the wheel, in order to repel-1y position the said'opening'in accor ance with the angular position of the excavated material discharged by the blades into the hollow shaft. Intestimony whereof I afix m signature.

' DR; HINKO F SGIER.

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