US1763713A - Self-oiling centralized change gears - Google Patents

Description

June 17, 1930. D. c. KLAUSMEYER SELF OILING CENTRALIZED CHANGE GEARS Filed Jan. 5,- 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet l l vwentoz @MQ/6. AKW

June 17, 1930. D. c. KLAUSMEYER 1,763,713

SELF OILING' CENTRAALIZED CHANGE GERS Filed Jan. 6, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 SELF OILING CENTRALIZED CHANGE GEARS June 17, 1930.

m w M "w a u o Q, 1.1 n f .I m 7 w. l 1 S /x Z n 1 w D 1 5o location of the Patented tiene l ig@ DVID C. HAUSMEYER, 0F CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 THE CINCINNATI BICK- FORD 'TOOL COMPANY, 0F CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO SELF-OILING- CENTRLIZED CHANGE GEMS application mea January e, i925. serial no. tot.

rllhis invention deals with machine-tools and it relates more particularly to the construction of radial-drill headsl wherein there is embodied a tool-spindle adapted to be ro- 5 tated and translated in the head. These spinkdles are adapted to carry various types and sizes or'l tools such as drills and taps o varying diameters and inasmuch as each of these tools reqluires a dierent speed of rotation o for maximum etiiciency it is essential that means be provided for regulating the speed of rotation of the spindle. p

Heretofore this has usually been accomlished by providing, adjacent the prime-mover, and remote from the drill-head, a speedchan e mechanism (hereinafter termed the -,..spee -box) adapted to provide a plurality of speeds, usually six, which were transmitted to a shaft journaled lengthwise of the radialarm. These six speeds were usually multiplied by four by another speed-change'mechanism, commonly known as the back-gears, lwhich Were located inthe drill-head and operatively connected with the tool-spindle. 5 Thus by manipulation of both of the speed- Achange mechanism any one of twenty-four speeds selectively could be secured in the toolspindle from a single speed in the primemover. The diii'erences in ratio aiiorded by the speed-box areV necessarily small since there is considerable mechanism actuated thereby and great diierences in ratio would effect abrupt changes and cause strains that would be detrimental to the parts. Inasmuch as only the spindle is actuated by the back-gears the speed-changes provided therein may be materiall greater than those provided bv the speedox.

To eiiect a predetermined speed in the spindle it has heretofore been necessary for the operator first, by manipulation of certain control levers-carried b the drill-head, to shift the back-gears an nearest approximate speed obtainable therein; and second, to leave his position at his Work and go to the opposite end of the machine, where, by manipulation of the speedbox control-lever, he effected the liner and more accurate s eed setting. This remote ner speed changes renders thereby obtain the their frequent manipulation inconvenient andy unhandy and therefore the tendency of the operator is to ignore the liner speed settings and to rely on the nearest speed obtainable in the back-gears which he may shift from his position at his Work. This employnient of improper spindle speeds results in loss of efhciency and is likely to prove detrimental to the tool should too great a speed be employed.

.This invention has for an object to provide an improved drill-head embodying .Within itself all of the speed-change mechamsm necessary to produce at least as many speed-changes in the spindle as has heretofore usually been provided by both the primary and secondary speed change devices located in the head and adjacent the prime-mover respectively.

.A further object of the invention is to provide means within easy reach of the operator, when stationed at his Work, for selectively eil'ecting any available spindle speed.

Another object oi' the invention is to provide a drill-head having all of the speedchange mechanismembodied therein, and so to arrange the parts that a maximum number of speeds may be obtained by a minimum number of gears.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a drill-head having all of the speedchange mechanism embodied therein and so to arrange and locate the shaft-bearings and gearsthat all of the bearings and all of the speed-change gears may be generously and continuously lubricated by a lubricating system also embodied in the drill-head.

A still further object is to provide in a drill-head mechanism capable of attaining all of the above-noted objects and comprising a minimum number of parts arranged in a compact manner.

Another object of this invention is to provide a drill-head comprising a plurality of casing sections adapted to be secured together and so to arrange speed-change mechanism in each section that the parts thereof may readily and conveniently be assembled before the sections are united.

These objects have been attained in a drillhead comprising a plurality of sections adapted to be bolted together to form an oiltight casing. Within the casing are 'ournaled a tool-spindle and a plurality of s afts upon which are arranged three separate and independent speed-change mechanisms each adapted to be controlled by a lever located in a position where it is within easy reach of the operator when stationed at his Work. The speed-changes afforded by the three speedchange mechanisms are 4X 2 4 thus providing thirty-two speeds in the s indle from a single speed in a suitable drive-s aft. Thus not only does this invention provide speedchan e gears located where t ey may more readi be shifted and where they, together with t e shaft-bearings, may be continuously lubricated but it also rovides a greater number of speed-changes t an has heretofore been provided with the xusual speed-box and backgear speed chan es. Each of the casingsections is provide with a plurality of bearings for the gear-supporting shafts and these bearings are so arranged that they ma readily be machined and so that the sha ts and ears carried thereby may readily be assemled thereinor removal therefrom without disturbing the mechanism in the adjacent section.

Other objects and advantages will be in part indicated in the following description and in part rendered apparent therefrom in connection with the annexed drawings.

To enable others skilled in the art so fully to ap rehend the underlying features hereof that t ey may embody the same in the various ways contemplated b this invention, drawings depicting a pre erred typical construction have been annexed as part of this disclosure and, in such drawings, like characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout all the views, of which Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a radial drillhead embodying the present invention, cert-ain of the parts being shown slightly out of their norma positions, for the sake of clearness. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fi 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section substantial y on the line 3--3 of Fi: 2, lookin in the direction of the arrows. ig. 4 is a orizontal section substantially on the line 4--4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a vertical section showing the means for shifting certain of the gears of the backear mechanism. Fig. 6 is a section substantially on the line 6-6 of Fi 5. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a gear-s ifter locking element laterto be referred to.

Referring more particularly to the drawins the invention is disclosed as embodied in a rill-head com risin front and rear casing sections 1 an 2 an top and bottom sections 3 and 4 res ectively. The front and rear sections are a apted to be bolted together on the line 5 and contain all of the mechanism necessary to provide thirty-two speed changes in t e tool-s indle. The top or cover-section 3 is secure upon the upper ends of the sections 1 and 2 and the bottom section 4 is secured to lthe lower end of the section 2. The section 4 contains a reversin mechanism and a lubricant reservoir bot later to be described.

Rotatably and translatably journaled in the section 1 is the tool-spindle S which carries, in its lower end, the usual tools, the shank of one of which is indicated b t in Fi -1. Power to rotate the spindle is brought om a prime-mover, which may be located at an convenient (place, into the tool-head by a shaft 7 journals lengthwise of the usual radial arm 8. As is common to machine-tools of this ty e the arm is provided with lon ritudinal guides 9 and 10 upon which the too -head is slidably fitted as by ways 11 and 12'provided by the head. From the shaft'7 the ower flows to an u right shaft 13 journaled in bearin s 14 an 15 supported by lower and interme late horizontal walls 16 and 17 respectively rovided by the section 2. Loosely 'ourna ed coaxial with the shaft 7 are'two evel gears (one only of which is shown) which are maintained permanently in mesh with opposite sides of a similar bevel gear 18 fixed to the shaft 13. A suitable clutch dcvice indicated enerally as m is provided for selectively rendering either of the two first named bevel-gears effective to rotate the shaft 13 in opposite directions from the shaft 7. This clutch device may be operated by shifting mechanism comprising an arm 19 fixed upon one end of a shaft 20 journaled in the section 4 and an actuating lever 21 fixed upon the other end of the shaft. From the 'foregoing it will be apparent that the shaft 13 selectively may be rotated in either direction from, and at the sume speed as, the shaft 7. This single speed may be multiplied into thirty-two speeds in the spindle by changegear mechanism now to be described.

Fixed to the shaft 13 are gear-units 22 and 23 providing ears 24 and 25, und 26 and 27, respectively.Y hese gears are adapted selectively to be meshed with gears 28 and 29 and 30 and 31 provided by gear- units 32 and 33 splined upon a shaft 34` The shaft 34 is journaled parallel to the shaft 13 in bearings 35, 36 and 37 supported by the casing section 2, the bearings 36 and 37 being carried by the horizontal walls 17 and 16 respectively. These gear- units 22, 23, 32 and 33 form a first speed-change device A and affords four speeds in the shaft 34 from a single speed in the shaft 13. The gears of the speed-change device A are adapted selectively to be meshed by gear-shifting mechanism designated generally as B (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3) later to be described.

by gear-shifting mechanism designated generally as D (see Figs. 1 and 4) later to be described. The speed-change devices A and C just described correspond to and afford the speed-changes which, heretofore have usually been effected by a speed-box located adjacent the prime-mover and remote from the operator when stationed at his work. It is to be noted, however, that this simple compact .and readily shiftable mechanism affords eight speed changes whereas in the remote speedboz lsually only six speed-changes were prov1 e be described. Splined to the shaft 38 is -av A gear-unit 47 providing'gears 48 and 49 adapted (b f broug t into mesh with gears 5 0 and 51re'v spectively secured upon a shaft 52 thus pro-- viding sixteen speeds in the shaft 52 from' means of agear-shifter F) to be eight speeds in the shaft 38. The shaft 52 is journaled in bearings 53 and'54 supported by the intermediate Wall 17 and an upper hori-I zontal wall 55 respectively forming apart .of the section 2. The shaft 52 also carries a small gear 56 later to be referred to. Journaled within bearings' 57 and 58 supported by the section 1 of the tool-head is a spindledriving sleeve 59 within which the spindle S is translatably'held as by a spline 60 shown in dotted lines only in Fig. 1. This connection between the sleeve and spindle 'causes the spindle to be rotatedwith the Sleeve but permits it to'bemoved endwise therein' for purposes well understood'. Loosely j ournaled upon the. sleeve'59. is a .gear-member 61 providing a gear.62,permanentlyin mesh with the small gear56, and a clutch element 63. A i gear 64 is splined to the sleeve 59 and is adapted selectiveljto be shifted (by a gear-shifter Y G see Fig'sggjand 6) eitherinto engagement with the gear-51. or the clutch-element 63 to give 'to the'sleeve 59 thirty-two speeds of rotation from the sixteen speeds available in the shaft 52. l

In addition to its rotation. the tool-spindle is adapted to be moved endwise in the sleeve l59 to cause the tool (the shank of which is indicated at t in Fig. 1) carried thereby to Intermediate the shaft 38 and the spindle' erally as"68,with ashaft 69 transverse to the tool spindle. The shaft 69 carries a pinion 70 maintained permanently in mesh with a rack 71 aixed to a non-rotatable sleeve 72 .surrounding the tool-spindlel and slidably mounted in the front section 1 of the casing. Relative endwise movement between the spindle and the. sleeve 72 is prevented by thrust bearings .73 and 74. Thus rotation of the pinion 70, through the mechanism described results in translation of both the sleeve72 and the spindle S in the tool-head while'permittingthe spindle lto be rotated independ ently of the sleeve.

Referring now more particularly to the means for shifting the various gear-units, the shifting deviceB for the first speed change mechanism A comprises a lever 75 pivoted at 7 5x intermediate its ends to an endwise movable shift 76 slidably mounted in bearings 7 7, 78 and 79 provided in ahousing 8O and in the casing section 2. One'end of the lever 75 is provided with a hand-grasp 81 and the oppositel end is formed as a ball 82 which is held against movement lengthwise of the shaft by walls 83 and 84 of a slot 85 vformed in the housing 80. The ball 82 and the Walls 83 and 84 constitute a fulcrum for the lever 75 whereby the shaft 76 may be shifted lengthwise to either of two positionsas later will be described. Intermediate the vhand-grasp 81 and spectively and a central or connecting portion 87. To the inner end of the shaft 76 is secured a gear-segment 88 adapted, upon' endwise movement of the shaft, to engage either of two racks 89 or 9() formed on the bases of gear- shiftingv forks 91 and 92 respectively. These gear shifting forks are slidably mounted upon rods 93 and 93a fixed within the casing section 2 and engage' thegear-units 32 and 33V respectively. Thegear-shifter 91 is formed with a laterally proj ect-ing portion 91a having a bifurcated c nd 91h embracing'the' rod 93Et to prevent rotation of the gear-shifter about the rod. The shifter 92 is likewise provided with a laterally projecting'portion 92 bifurcated at' 92" and embracing the rod 93 for the same purpose. It will readily be understood that hyswinging'fthe. lever through the central portion`87 of lthe H-slot the shaft 76 will be moved lengthwise and thereby cause the gear-segment 88 to engage either one 'or the other of the racks 89 or 90 dependent upon which direction the lever is moved from its neutral position shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The lever having been moved through the central slot and into either the slot 85 or 86 and the segment engaged with the rack of one of the gear- Shifters 91 or 92 the lever may then be swung in either direction transverse to the axis of the shaft 76. This movement oscillates the shaft 76 and causes the gearshifter then engaged by the segment to be moved up or down dependent upon the direction of movement of the lever 75.

A locking device is provided for holding the gear- Shifters 91 and 92 against accidental movement when not engaged by the segment 87. This locking device comprises a U- shaped yoke 94 carried by the inner end of the shaft 76 and having arms 95 and 96 maintained on opposite sides of the gear segment 87. The arms 95 and 96 each have their forward ends formed as a single tooth 95*l and 961' respectively, adapted to fit between the teeth of the racks 89 and 90. Referring now to Fig. 2 it will be seen that when the segment is in its neutral position the rack 89 is engaged by the arm 95 and the rack 90 is engaged by the arm 96. Now if the shaft 76 is moved inwardly, or to the right as viewed in Fig. 2 the yoke 94 and the segment 87 move with it with the result that the tooth 95 releases the rack 89 and the segment 87 is engaged therewith. rllhe tooth 96a likewise moves to the right but remains in engagement with the rack 90 thus locking the gear shifter 92 against movement. Upon movement of the shaft to the left from its position in Fig. 2, a like action takes place, the tooth 96a releasing the rack 90 which is then engaged by the segment and the tooth 95a remaining in engagement with the rack 89 thereby preventing movement of the gearshifter 9. Adjacent the ends of the racks 89 and 90 there are formed teeth 89, 89b and 90, 90b which are substantially lon er than the teeth of the racks 89 and 90. pon shifting of the forks 91 and 92 these teeth engage the single teeth 95a or 96a and thereby limit the movement of the gear-Shifters.

The rear side of the yoke 94 is provided with spaced walls94a and 94b which engage a square pin 97 carried by a plate 98 fixed to the casing section 2, thus preventing rotation l of the yoke about the shaft 76.

It is to be noted that the lever for shifting the gears of the initial speed-change device A is located at the front of the tool-head and in a position where it is within easy reach of the operator when stationed before his work.

The gear-unit 42 is preferably shifted lengthwise of the shaft 38 to cause its gears 45 and 46 to be meshed with the gears 43 and 44 by means now to be described. Translatably'journaled in the section 2 is an upright tate the shaft, thereby to shift the gear-unitv 42. It is also to be noted that the lever 107 also is located at the front of the tool-head and where it is readily accessible to the 0perator.

The shifting mechanism for the back-gears are shown more particularly in Figs. 1, 5 and 6. This comprises two separate devices, F and G, the first for the gear-unit 47 and the second for the gear 64. The shifting device F comprises a lever 109 pivoted intermediate its end upon a stud 110 carried by the section 2. One end of the lever carries a fork 111 embracing the gear 48 and the opposite end carries a stud or roller 112 engaged by a fork 113 of a member 114 fixed upon an endwise movable shaft 115 slidable in a bearing 117 in the section 1. The upper end of the member carries a pin 116 slidable in a bearing 118 in the section 1. The member 114 is formed so as to avoid interference with the gears 62 and/64. The lower end of the shaft 115 is provided with' a rack 119 engaged by a gear 120, the hub 121 of which is loosely journaled on a shaft 122 carried by the lower end of the section 1. A lever 123 fixed to the hub 121 affords means to rotate the gear 120 thereby, through the mechanism described, to shift the gear-unit 47. The shifting`device Gr is somewhat similar to the device and comprises a gear-shifting fork 124 fixed upon a shaft 125 and engaging the gear 64. The fork 124 also carries a guidepin 126 slidable in a bearing 127 provided by the section 1. The shaft 125 is provided with a rack 128 which is engaged by a pinion 129 fixed upon the shaft 122. A lever 130 fixed to the shaft 122 affords means for actuating the mechanism to shift the gear 64.

The gear-shifting levers 123 and 130 are also located at the front of the tool-head and in positions when they are within easy reach of the operator when stationed at his work.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that I have provided a tool-head embodying within itself all of the mechanism necessary to rotate the spindle at a great number of different s eeds from a single speed in the arm sha t. Furthermore that the thirty-two speed changes are provided by a minimum number of gears. Still further all of the gear shifting levers are located at the frontof the head and in positions where the operator may selectively employ any available spindle rmesma 'speed without moving from his work. It is For the purposes of this application it willV suffice to say that the lubricating system forming the subject of my above noted application includes a reservoir 131 formed 1n the lower section 4 and a pump P contlnuously rotated from the shaft 34 and connected with the reservoir by a pipe 132. Another pipe 133 extends upwardly from the pump and enters the cover scction'B and terminates-4 in a nozzle v134.- which ejects a stream of lubricant into the upper portion of the tool-head. The lubricant ejected into the head cascades down over all of the gears and through all of the bearings and finally returns to the reservoir. It will readily be perceived that the present compact arrangement of the gears and vetical alignment of the bearings greatly facilitates the continuous and generous lubrication of the parts by the lubricating device. v

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of this invention that others can, by applying currentknowledge, readily adapt it for various utilizations by retaining one or more of the features that, from the standpoint of the prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of either the generic or specific aspects of this invention and, therefore', such adaptations should be, and are intended to be, comprehended within the meaning and range of yequivalency of the following claims.

Having thus revealed this invention, I claim as new and desire to secure the following combinations and elements, or Aequivalents thereof, by Letters Patent of the United States.

l. A drill-head combining a closed oiltight easing comprising a plurality of complemental sections secured together; a tool spindle rotatably j ournaled wholly in one of said casing sections; a power shaft; and driving mechanism including first, second and third speed-change mechanisms intermediate said power-shaft and said spindle, two of said speed change mechanisms being located wholly within one of said casing sections and arranged one above the other.

2. A drill-head combining a housing; a spindle rotatably journaled in said housing; a plurality of horizontally disposed walls within said housing; a plurality of vertically aligned bearings supported by said walls; a single speed power shaft extending through said housing; shafts journaled in said bearings; three sets ofchange-speed gearings carried by said shafts intermediate said walls, said sets affordingrespectively four, two and four speeds, one of said sets being yconnected with' said spindle; and mea-ns selectively to mesh the gears of said speed change gearing to transmit to the spindle any one of the 32 available speeds, from a single speed in the power shaft. y

3. A drill-'head combining a housing; a spindle journaled in said housing, three sets of vertically aligned bearings, said sets consisting respectively of two, three and four bearings; a single shaft journaled in said set of two bearings; a single shaft journaledl in said set of three bearings; two shafts journaled co-axially in said four bearings; an operative connection between said first named sh'aft and said spindle; a power shaft; an operative connection between said first named shaft and said power shaft including two sets of speed-change gearing carried by said two co-axial shafts and the shaft journaled in said three bearings; and means for shifting the shiftable gears of said two sets of speed-change gearing.

4. In a drill-head, in combination, a housing; a spindle rotatably journaled in' the housing; a drive-shaft; an operative connection between said drive-shaft and said spindle including three serially arranged sets of speed-change gears providing respectively four, two, and four speed-changes the first of said gear sets being actuated by the drive shaft and the third set being connected with the spindle, the second set operatively connecting the first and third sets; and means for selectively meshing the gears of each of said set-s to produce any one of thirty-two speeds in said spindle.

5. In a drill-head, in combination, a hous- V ing; a spindle rotatably journaled in said two shiftable gear-units of the first speedchange device; independent shifting mechanism' for the two shiftable gear-units of the third speed-change device; an independent shifting mechanism for the single shiftable gear-unit of the second speed-change device, each of said gear shifting including an acilzluaing element located at the front of said e. A' .drin-head cmbining a plurality of casing sections adapted to be secured together to form a closed housing; a drill-spindle rotatably journaled in a first one of said casing sections; a plurality of pairs of vertically -ing comprising a aligned bearings within a second of said sections; shafts rotatably j curnaled in said pairs of bearings; a plurality of sets of speedchange gears carried by said shafts, two of said sets being arranged wholly within one of said sections; a gear forming a part of a third ear-set rotatably journaled co-axial with t es indle; a driving connection be- A tween said ast named ear and said spindle aA single gear, also forming a part of the third gear set2 secured upon a shaft in the second plane intersecting the dull-arm and extendlng lengthwise thereof; a drive shaft; a spindle rotatably journaled in one of said housing sections' two speed-change ydevices arranged one a ove the other \wholly in another of said sections and operatively connected with said drive shaft; and a set of back-gears located partly in each of said sections to operatively connect said first named speed-change devices with said spindle.

8. A drill-head combining a housin a sgindle rotatably journaled therein; a -ive s aft extending throu h said housing; a first driven shaft journale in said housing transverse to said drive shaft; a driving connection between said driving and driven shafts; a. second driven shaft journaled in said drill head parallel with the first driven shaft; a third driven 'shaft journaled in said drill head with its axis in line with the axis of the first driven shaft; a first s eed chan e mechanism comprising relative yshiftab e complemental gears on said first and second driven shafts; a second speed chan mechanism comprising relatively shiftale complemental gears on said second and third shafts; and a third speedchange mechanism between said third driven shaft and said spindle.

9. In a drill-head, in combination a spindle-driving sleeve; a spindle splined within said sleeve; a drive-shaft; a driving connection between said drive-shaft and said spindle, said driving connection including first, second, third and fourth driven shafts, said first and third. shaft being journaled with their axes in alignment; a first speed-change mechanism between said iirst and second shafts; a second speed-change mechanism between said second and third shafts; a third speed-change mechanism comprising gears carried by said third and fourth shafts and by said spindle driving sleeve; and means provided with guideways by selectively to mesh the gears of each of said speed-change mechanisms.

In'witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

DAVID C. KLAUSMEYER.

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