US1763547A - Shuttle tension - Google Patents

Description

June 10, 1930. ADAMS 1,763,547

SHUT TLE TENS I ON Filed April 9, 1928 Patented June 10, 1930 FRED E. ADAMS, OF PRDVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOB TO ,U. S. BOBBIN 85 SHUTTLE COMPANY, 015 PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, A CORPORATION OF RHODE ISLAND SHUTTLE Application filed April 9,

This invention pertains to loom shuttles and more particularly to a yarn tension device applicable to a self-threading shuttle eye of usual type. It is very desirable, usual, and in most cases necessary, particularly when dealing with hard, wiry, or stiff yarns which tend to balloon off freely from the end of the bobbin,to provide restraining means for preventing the uncontrolled escape of the yarn through the shuttle eye with consequent snarling and breakage of the yarn and im perfect weaving. "While some such restraining or tension means is in most instances es sential to satisfactory operation of the shuttle, it is not an easy matter to provide adequate tension means in the limited space available, especially in a shuttle having an eye of self-threading type where the tension device must not interfere with automatic threading. A common form of tension device employed in shuttle eyes of this character consists simply of a piece of felt or other friction material over which the yarn drags, but such an arrangement is not at all certain in its action, provides no positive or regulable control of the yarn, does not always exert the same tension or drag in both directions of movement'of the shuttle, and varies in its frictional resistance to the movement of the yarn in accordance with atmospheric conditions and its length of use. The inadequacy of this type of tension is especially evident when dealing with smooth, hard or wiry yarns, for example twisted silk.

I am aware that true tension devices, as distinguished from mere felt pads or the like, have been suggested for use in shuttles, but most such devices known to me have proven inadequate, either through interference with the automatic threading operation, lack of adj ustability to permit variation of tension or to accommodate yarns of different diameters, or by reason of complexity of construction with attendant excessive cost, and espe cially in their inability long to withstand th cutting action of fine and hard yarns and the diii'iculty of replacing worn parts.

In accordance with the present invention I provide a tension device applicable to selfthreading shuttle eyes of a well-known type,

TENSION 1928. Serial No. 268,508.

without necessitating substantial modification of the latter, and which does not in the least interfere with or delay the threading operation; which is readily adjustable to vary the tension or to accommodate yarn of different numbers; which exerts a positive, unvarying, and predetermined pressure and drag upon the running yarn; which exerts substantially the same tension on the yarn in either direction of movement of the shuttles; which is very simple and inexpensive to construct and apply, and whose yarn-engaging parts may readily bernade of extremely hard and wear-resistant material, and which, if eventually worn, may be replaced quickly and without difficulty.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of the inyention' by way of example and in the draw ings,

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary plan view showing the eye-end of aloom shuttle provided with a self-threading eye embodying the present invention Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the shuttle of Fig. 1, showing the lateral yarn-delivery opening;

F 3 is a side elevation, from the same side as Fig. 2. showing the shuttle eye re moved from the shuttle body;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the shuttle eye from the opposite side;

Fig. 5 is a vertical section, to larger scale, on the line 55 of Fig. 1, with parts broken away;

Fig. 6 is a perspective of the upper, movable, tension element;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the lower tension element;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing another form of lower tension element, and

Figs. 9 and 10 are perspective views-illus trating, respectively, other forms of upper tension element.

Referring to the drawings, the shuttle body 1, which may be of wood or of other suitable material, is furnished as usual with the pointed end cap 2 and with the bobbin cavity 3 in which is arrangedthe bobbin 4 supporting the yarn mass 5. The shuttle body is also provided with a cavity 6 for the reception of the removable, self-threading shuttle eye 7, and one side wall of this cavity is furnished with the lateral delivery opening 8, provided, as is usual, with wear-resist ant guide posts 9 and 10'at its opposite sides. A bolt 11 normally retains the metallic shuttle eye 7 in proper position in the usual manner. I

The shuttle eye 7 (Figs. 3 and 4;) is here shown as of substantially usual construction, comprising the base portion 12 having a longitudinal passage or channel 12 forthe yarn Y, and an upperpart comprising the overhanging guard member 13 spaced from the side wall of the yarn guide channel to provide the usual lateral entrance to said channel; the lateral-horn 14 which fits into a suitable recess in the shuttle'body; and the forward horn 15 which assists in guiding the thread into the thread passage. The upper part of the shuttle eye also carries adepending guide prong 16 at its forward end, while the side wall of the thread guiding channel is furnishedat its forward end, beyond the end of the channel, with an upstanding guard portion 17.

In accordance with the present invention I cut away a portion of thebase 12 of the shuttle eye to provide a rabbetor recess at 18.

v I then provide a lower tension elemen-t,.preferably-consisting of a plate or block 20, constituting a yarn support, such block or plate being cut away. to provide athin portion 19 which fits into the rabbet or recess 18 in the base of theshuttle eye, anda shoulder 21 which fits snugly against the forward surface .22 of the base 12 of the shuttle eye. Preferably the shoulder 21 comprises an inclined or diagonal portion 23 which engages the forward edge of the part 17. The upper edge of the shoulder portion23 is preferably roundedv or beveled to assist in guiding the thread beneath the upper tension element, hereafter described. The body or thick portion of the yarn support is furnished with a smooth upper surface constitutingthe yarn support proper which is preferably slightly above'the bottom of the yarn channel in the base 12. This block is preferably made. of alloy steel or some similar substance, preferably h'eat-treated to make it very hard, and capable of withstanding the cutting action of the rapidly moving yarn. The yarn support 20 is placed in the cavity of the shuttle body, restingfirmly on the-bottom 6 of the cavityand being retained in position solely byjthe superposed shuttle eye.

The block '20 is furnished with .a vertical. opening 24 for thereception of the lower end .ofa hard andwear-resistant ;.-guide pin 25..

This pin25 is provided witha cylindrical head ,26 .ofilarger diameter; than the lower pantiof the pin, thereby providing a shoulder at the point 27. The head 26 .is screw threaded and engages an internally screwthreaded opening 28 in the upper part of the shuttle eye 7 at a point such that the. axis of the pin is disposed substantially in the vertical longitudinal plane of the prong 16,

means of which the pin maybe adjusted vertically. The axis of the pin is alsosubstantially in the vertical plane extending transversely of the shuttle through the center of the delivery opening 8, and this pin defines the point in the yarn path where the yarn makes an abrupt substantially right angular turn on its way to the delivery opening. Preferably the pin is of such length that its lower end indents the wood of the shuttle body, 'thus providing a bearing which steadies the pin and the tension elements.

The yarn is pressed against the upper surface of the yarn-supporting block 20 by means of an upper tension element 30. This upper tension element comprises an annular lower part or friction-shoe 31, preferably provided with a substantially flat andzsmooth under surface, and having a central opening for the passage of the pin 25. The upper portion of this opening is enlarged to furnish a -.socket'32:for the reception of a resilient element 33. This resilient element may be a coil spring or other suitable device, butas here shown consists of a short section of rubber tubing which slipped onto the pin 25 and bears at its upper end against the shoulder 27, and at its lower end against the bottom of the socket 32. The member 30 is concentric with the pin or post 25 andimmediatelybehind prong 1'6 and is of such diameter that it does not substantially restrict the "lateral entrance to the yarn channel.

The upper tension element 30 also comprises an upstanding guide portion 34, which ishere shown as a thin cylindrically curved shell of substantially semi-circular extent whose upper portion preferably embraces and slidablv engages a boss 7 on the shuttle eye. This guide member 34 is disposedin spaced relation to the guard member 17 above referred to, and serves as a guide for the venting the thread from. catching on the top of the shoe 31 as the thread moves vertically between the shuttle wall and the shuttle eye. I

ably the lower edge or junction of the fiat thread during the threading operation, preunder surface and curved. peripheral surface beneath the shoe.

The position of the pin 25 is so chosen, as above described, that a yarn disposed between the members 20 and. 31 makes a substantially right-angle turn in passing around the pin and out through the delivery opening 8.

When the yarn Y is drawn ofi' from the thread mass on the bobbin and pulled forwardly over the upper surfaces of the members 13 and 15, it slips down between the members 17 and 34 and into the yarn passage in the base 12. The yarn is then drawn laterally between the shuttle body and the member 14 into the opening 8. The yarn now rests upon the upper surface of the block 20, such surface being slightly above the bottom of the yarn passage, and in the horizontal plane of the delivery opening 8, and as tension is applied, the lateral pressure of the yarn aganst the beveled edge 31 of the shoe 31 lifts the latter against the tension of the member 33 and permits the yarn to enter between the upper and lower tension elements and to wrap around pin or post 25. The beveling of the upper corner of the shoulder 23 also facilitates the entry of the yarn beneath the shoe 31.

During the operation of the shuttle, the yarn is drawn ofi between the members 20 and 31, and the resilient pressure of the member 33 accurately determines the frictional resistance opposed to the movement of the yarn. By adjusting the height of the pin 26, the tension of the member 33 may be varied and thus the pressure on the yarn may be fixed as desired.

While the members 20, 25 and 30 are made of hard, wear-resistant material, and are capable of withstanding a long period of wear, these parts are readily replaced when worn merely by removing the metallic shuttle eye 7 from the shuttle body and slipping the parts 20 and 30 from off the end of the pin 25. If the pin be worn it may now be withdrawn, a new pin substituted and new parts 20 and 30 slipped onto the lower part of the pin, and then the assembled structure is restored to its position in the shuttle body.

In Fig. 8 the lower tension element is shown as a simple rectangular block 20 having its upper edge 23 slightly rounded or bevelled. This form of block, rather than that of Fig. 7, may be used with some types of shuttle eye.

In Fig. 9, the upper tension element 30 is substantially like that of Fig. 6 except that the guide member 343 is circular instead of semi-circular. This form may be preferred, when the eye is of a nature to permit its use, since it is somewhat easier to make than that shown in Fig. 6.

In Fig. 10 the upper tension element 30 is of substantially rectangular contour, but

preferably has rounded edges to avoid cutting the yarn. I11 certain types of shuttle eye, this rectangular tension element is desirable. When elements of the type shown in Figs. 9 and 10 are to be used, the shuttle eye may be provided with complementary recesses to accommodate these elements.

The parts constituting this new tension de' vice are of very simple form and easy to man ufacture and apply, they are light in weight and take up but little room in the shuttle body and in no way interfere with the automatic threading operation. Moreover the yarn is tensioned uniformly, regardless of the direction of motion of the shuttle, the tension does not vary with variation in weather conditions, and the tension device is readily adjustable to accommodate yarns of a wide range of diameters.

While I have herein disclosed certain specific embodiments of the invention by way of example, I wish it to be understood that various other changes inshapes, proportions of parts, materials employed, and relative arrangement of the parts, may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. In combination with a shuttle eye of self-threading type, a tension device comprising a pair of hard, wear-resistant, relatively movable members adapted to receive a yarn between them, and adjustable means for urging one of said members toward the other whereby to oppose the free movement of the yarn, said members being independent of the shuttle eye and freely removable and replaceable without disturbing the setting of said adjustable means. j

2. A tension device for use with a weaving shuttle having a removable eye ofself threading type, said tension device comprising a pair of relatively movable yarn-engaging elements disposed below the shuttle eye in a cavity in the shuttlebody and retained in position solely by the superposed shuttle eye.

3. A. tension device for use with a weaving shuttle having a removable shuttle eye, said device comprising a wear-resistant yarn support which seats in a cavity in the shuttle body, a friction-shoe movable toward and from the support, and means carried by the shuttle eye for holding said support and shoe in proper relative position.

4:. A. tension device for use in weaving shuttles comprising a pair of hard and wear-- resistant members having opposed flat surfaces between which the yarn passes in an angular path, andadjustable resilient means for urging one of said members toward the other, said members being removable without disturbing the setting of said adjustable means.

5. A tension device for use in a weaving shuttle, said device comprising a yarn support, an annular friction-shoe having an undersurface engageable with a yarn resting on the support, said friction-shoe having a socket in its upper side,-andresilient means seated in said socket and urgingthe shoe toward the support, and means for adjusting said resilient means, thesupport and shoe being removable without changing the setting of the A tension devicefor use in a weaving shuttle, said device comprising a yarn supedge providing for the accommodation of the forward end of the sidewall of the'yarn channel.

10. In combination witha self-threading shuttle eye for weaving shuttles, said shuttle eye having a base provided with a longitudinal yarn guide channel provided with a vertical side 'wall, a yarn-supporting plate at the forward end of the channel, said plate hav ing a part seated in a rabbetin the base of the shuttle eye and a body portion having an upper surface sli htly above the bottom of the channel, said body portion havin a diagonal rear edge, and a friction-shoe having a fiat under surface opposed to the upper surface of the yarn-s11 porting plate,the diagonal edge of the b0 y portion of the plate being beveled to facilitate entrance of yarn between the plate and friction-shoe.

Signed by me at Providence, Rhode Island,

this sixth day of April, 1928.

FRED E. ADAMS.

port and a friction shoe, the shoeand support having aligned openings, a pin passing through said openings and constituting a guide for the shoe, a resilient element encirclingthe pin andlbearing at one end against the shoe, the pin having a head providing an abutment for the other end of the resilient element, and means whereby the .pin may be adjusted longitudinally whereby to vary the resilient pressure on the shoe, the yarn support and friction shoe being removable from the pin without changing the adjustment of the pin.

port and a friction-shoe, the shoe and support having aligned openings, a pin passing through said openings and constituting a guide for the-shoe, a section of rubber tubing encircling the pin and having its lower end seated in a socket in the shoe, the pin having an enlarged cylindrical head'against which the upper end of the tube abuts, the peripheral surface of the head of the pinbeing screw threaded for engagement with a threaded opening in a fixed part whereby'the position of the pin may be adjusted, the yarn support and friction shoe being removable from the tension device for use in a weaving a shuttle, said device comprising a yarn sup- 7 pin without changing the adjustment of the 9. In combination with a self-threading shuttle eye for weaving shuttles, said shuttle eye having a base provided with a longitudinal yarn guide channel provided with a vertical side wall, said wall extending forwardly beyond the end of the channel, a yarn-supporting plate at the forward end of the channel, said plate having a part seated in a rabbet in the base of the shuttle eye and a body portion having an upper surface disposed slightly above the bottom of the channel, said body :portion having a diagonal ,rear

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