US1763394A - Combined safety device and resetting mechanism - Google Patents

Description

June 10, 1930. F s ET AL COMBINED SAFETY DEVICE AND .RESETTING MECHANISM Filed May- 15, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l J n n I 1 n n u n n u 1 a l i 1 n 1 jZI/ifll V GEORGE 1 2 F'oLaa 9% r g (Au/pave: f7 Pf/POONJ.

June 10, 1930.

G. R. FOLDS ET AL COMBINED SAFETY DEVICE AND RESETTING MECHANISM Filed May 15, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 10, 1930 UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE GEORGE E. FOLDS AND LAWRENCE M. PERSONS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO COOK ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS COMBINED SAFETY DEVICE AND RESE'ITING MECHANISM Application filed Kay 15,

Our invention relates to fuel burning systems and more particularly to a fuel feed pump especially adapted for use in fuel burning systems.

. While we shall describe our invention as being characterized mainly by the feature of a safety device associated with a motor driven pump which supplies liquid fuel to a tank or receptacle, the safety device being operable to bring about a stoppage of flow from the receptacle to the part to be supplled upon an excess rate of flow or upon a lowering of the level in the receptacle, and in the instant case being related in its operation to 1:, the operation of-the pump in that it causes the pump to cease its automatic operation of continuously supplying fuel from the source of supply to the part to be supplied by stopping the feed to the receptacle, we

do not desire to be limited to the particular form of safety device, nor to its application in a pump to liquid fuel burning system, inasmuch as pumps of this type may be used elsewhere.

We find it desirable to drive a fuel feed pump for use in connection with fuel burners by means of an electric motor, or like source of power, due to the absence of vacuum pressure of an internal combustion engine which is usually relied upon to operate fuel feed pumps when commonly used for feeding fuel to a carbureter of the engine. Consequently, in the operation of the pump, means must be employed to control the motor circuit acmeans may comprise a float-controlled switch mechanism arranged to close the circuit when the liquid level in the pump falls below a predetermined point. It will be seen that the operation of the pump is, therefore, automatic, and the pump will start pumping when the fuel therein reaches this predetermined level. It has been found, however, that the lowering-of the fuel level is not always the result of a normal operating condition, inasmuch as leaks might occur in the pipe-line between the pump and the burner. On the other hand, burners often cause an abnormal drain on the pump, when the needle valve of 50 the float mechanism therein fails to work.

cording to some operating condition, which- 1925. Serial No. 30,578.

fore this condition will be observed. In the event of a leak, the possible conflagration of the fuel emptied on the basement floor where the burner is located, is clearly apparent.

The primary object of our invention is to produce a fuel feed pump which will eliminate the above referred to difficulty of the prior art devices by the provision of a safety means of exceeding simplicity, which is certain and efficient in operation, and devoid of that delicate mechanism which is apt to require constant attention and frequent repair. lln carrying out our invention, we employ the aforesaid safety means preferably within a small receptacle, so that when substantially all the fuel is withdrawn from the receptacle, or withdrawn at a rate of flow in excess of a predetermined rate of flow as the case may be, the pump ceases its automatic operation of continuously supplying fuel to the receptacle. lhe normal controlling 30 means providing for normal automatic operation of the pump is to this extent disabled or rendered ineffective to continue its con trol over the continuous automatic operation of the pump and it cannot again normally function until the safety means is rendered moperative. i

A further object of our invention is to pro- V vide an improved form of structure for serving as the aforesaid safety means, and we prefer to have this structure assume the form of a float-controlled snap-over switch located in the bottom of the pump receptacle, which may have an action the reverse of the normal action of a float controlled snap-over switch, namely, when the level rises, to close the motor circuit, and when the level lowers, to open the motor circuit.

In view of the fore oing explanation, however, the physical em odiment of the safety 00 means need not be limited to a float-controlled snap-ove'r switch, inasmuch as other forms of safety devices may obviously be used to accomplish the same purpose, and, therefore, in view of our being the first to suggest such a safety control, we do not wish to be limited to any specific form, as long as the same end 'is to be obtained.

A still further object of our invention is to provide an improved resetting mechanism for the pump, so that, when totally emptied, the motor circuit may be temporarily closed to start the pump operating, in order to raise the fuel level therein and restore normal automatic operation of the entire system.

Further objects and advantages of our invention will be apparent from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view in the form of a diagrammaticlayout illustrating a fuel burning system embodying my improved fuel feed pump;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken through the pump;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the U arrows merely inverted so that this view is then a bottom view of the lower unit;

Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the two upper units, being a top view of the lower unit;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view take on line 6-6 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 7 is a detailed view illustrating the manner of electrically connecting the switch A units in the motor circuit.

F be equipped with a mixing chamber (not shown into which the fuel is pumped by the fuel feed pump A, and which may include a needle valve controlled by a float mechanism for supplying fuel to the jet of the burner.

The pump A is in communication with the bulk supply tank 10 by means of a suction pi e 13. The fuel leaves the pump A by way 0 a pipe 14, which pipe 14 is in communication with burner 11. As long as a supply of fuel is in the bulk supply tank 10, pump A functions to draw out the fuel and allow it to flow to burner 11. A reserve supply tank 12 is provided as a means of safety and as a warning to the owner of the building that the bulk supply tank 10 is empty, by containing a cer tain reserve of fuel for use during the time the bulk supply tank is being refilled. That is to say, if the pump A fails to draw out fuel from the bulk supply tank, the owner is given due notice to refill the tank 10, but is allowed the use of the reserve supply during that time to prevent the pipes in the building from freezing. A valve 15 may be employed normally to cut out the reserve tank 12. Valve 15 may be opened when the fuel in the reserve tank 12 is to be consumed, or the valve 15 may remain open at all times.

Pump A. serves to operate automatically in supplying suflicient fuel to the burner 11. Feedin fuel to the burner from the pump is prefera ly accomplished by gravity, while the pump serves to automatically draw out fuel from the bulk supply tank 10 when the fuel level lowers below a predetermined point in the pump.

Pump A comprises a tank 20, a pump unit 21, and the mechanism in the receptacle 20 for controlling the operation of a rotary electric motor 22 for driving the pump unit 21, according to the li uid level in the receptacle 20; this latter mec anism comprising the essence of the present invention.

The-pumping unit 21 comprises a bellows piston 24, having its lower end closed and its upper end rigidly fixed to plate 25 by means 0 soldered oints or other suitable fastenings. Piston 24 1s preferably disposed within a cylinder 26, so that the fluid is adapted to be drawn into the chamber of this cylinder upon the up-stroke of the piston.

Liquid fuel enters the pump by way of suction pipe 13, which is in communication with a port 27. Associated with the piston chamber and receptacle 2() is an auxiliary chamber 28, constituting in reality a visible strainer 29, which, in addition, has the dual function of indicating a leakage in the suctionpipe 13 and of serving as an air-receiver to absorb shocks in the line.

Fluid entering the chamber 28 will rise a I certain distance and pass through a screen 30,

and thence into a passage 31 by way of a port 32. By referring to Fig. 3, it will be noted that passage 31 communicates with a valve chamber 34, the intake of which is provided with a check valve 35, which permits a one-way flow of the liquid.

The outlet of the valve chamber 34 is in communication with the piston chamber of c linder 26; the fluid when flowing into the c amber will be expelled, by expansion of piston 24 through a port 36, and into the receptacle 20 by way of a check valve 37.

Briefly the drive between the piston 24 and the motor 22 comprises a projecting member minal lug 57.

I 38 connected to a shaft 39, on which shaft a worm gear 40 is disposed. Worm gear 40 is adapted to mesh with a worm 41 on the lower end of the motor shaft. It will be noted that the motor housing 23 is made integral with the base of the strainer 29, and that this motor housing serves as a closure for the upper end of the receptacle 20; furthermore, this motor housing serves as a. closure for the cylinder 26, whlle the plate 25, carrying the cylinder 26 and the bellows-piston 24, serves as a connection betweenthe motor housing and the receptacle 20.

Liquid fuel entering the receptacle 20 will rise to a predetermined "level, which level is indicated at line A--B and is controlled by a float 45 operating a submerged snap-over switch 46, suitably arranged in the motor circuit.

We rovide float 45 and snap-over switch 46 in t e form of a detachable unit comprising a vertically depending support 48 which is provided at its upper end with a pair of lateral extensions 49 and at its lower end with a similar pair of lateral extensions 50. The support 48 is adapted to carry float 45 in a manner permitting vertical movement thereof. A pair of apertured lugs 51 are secured to the up er end of float 45. A yoke 52 is adapted to urnish a loose pivotal connection between the extensions 49 and the lugs 51, so that the resultant u ward pressure of the fluid will permit the oat to move.

vertically or parallel to the support 48. A similar connection is provided at the lower end of float 45, which connection'comprises apertured lugs 53 receiving one side of yoke 54. A second yoke 55 is arranged to. cooperate with the yoke 54 and to receive one end of a coil spring 56. The opposite end of spring 56 is fastened to yoke 54, and a contact lug 57 is carried by a terminal 74 connected in one side of the motor circuit. The oppo site side of the circuit is connected throu h the frame 48 in a manner to be presently escribed.

Float 45 will tend to remain in its position during the initial movement of the liquid in receptacle 20, being arranged to move only when approximately the entire charge is pumped into the tank and the level has reached line A-B, so that the switch 46 operates with a snap-action. Assuming that the float is in its lower position, as illustrated in Fig. 2, spring 56 tends to draw the opposite ends of yoke members 54 and 55 together, but this movement is restricted by the lower side of the float 45 enga 'ng the upper edges of lugs and the yo e engaglng ter- The resultant upperward pressure of the fuel against the float is counteracted by the spring asserting a downward force until the level rises and this pressure is suflicient to overcome the force of thespring. In this manner, the fuel level approximately reaches a level denoted by A-B in Fig. 2, before yokes 54 and 55 are biased beyond dead center. As soon as the yokes 54 and 55 are biased beyond dead center, the spring 56 acts in a reverse direction and accelerates the movement of the float.

More specifically, float 45 does not follow the fuel in its movement, but instead res onds only when the fuel reaches the level B, when rising, or level CD, when lowerin Thus the snap-over switch is actuated suddenly with a quick make and break to open and close the motor circuit. With this arrangement the motor may be quickly started to actuate the pump for pumping the fuel into receptacle 20 from the bulk supply tank. Of course it is not necessary to provide a snap-over switch, or any other particular type of float-controlled switch in order to obtain the advantages of the present invention. We have found that there is a possibility of the float-controlled switch 46 becom-' ing disabled by sticking, or by the float 45 failing to move as the level of the fuel changes. If such a condition should occur, and the switch is not closed, it is readily apparent that the pump will continue filling thereceptacle 20 and causethe level to rise be ond the level denoted at A-.-B, in Fig. 2.-

e have found it advantageous, however, and lessexpensiv'e to rovide a second floatcontrolled switch mec anism 60 in the motor circuit above the switch 46, instead of providing an overflow pipe such as has been commonly employed in the past. Overflow pipes are expensive, and a greater portion of them are made inaccessible due to the fact that Underwriters re uirements compel placing the pump supp y tank under the ground outside the building. 7 The overflow pipesare then run under the ground, which makes. it highly inconvenient to obtain access to them either for cleaning purposes or to repair leaks. I

' 'lhe overflow float-controlled mechanism may be a substantial duplicate of the mechathis instance to the lead wire 65. comprising.

one side of the. motor circuit. e opposite side'of the motor circuit may be through the frame 48, this being accomplished by a connection 66 between the frames 48 and 48.

Bolts 67 may passthrough the projections 68 formed on the lower end of frame 48' and extensions 69 at the upper end of frame 48. This connection is not insulated, due to 260 the fact that it is desirable electrically to con.- nect the frames 48 and 48.

When the yoke 55 of the overflow float is moved downwardly against the terminal contact 57 the circuit is closed through the frame 48' and said terminal contact 57 When the level reaches the level denoted E-F in Fig. 2, the float immediately rises and breaks the motor circuit by withdrawing the yoke 55 away from the terminal contact 57 Thus it will be, noted that failure of the float 45 or switch mechanism 46 to operate will not permit the pump to continue pumping, due to the fact that float 60 is operative and breaks the motor circuit when the level reaches line E-F.

One of the important features of our invention is the provision of a safety device which in one of its specific physical forms may be substantially the same type of float mechanism in the lower end of tank 20. However, this float mechanism, which I shall term the disabling float 7 0, is inverted so that the switch mechanism acts to open the circuit when the float drops with the lowering of the fuel, instead of closing the circuits, as in the case of floats 45 and 60.

In Fig. 6 I have illustrated the relative arran ement of the switch mechanism controlled by all three floats. In the first-two instances the switch mechanisms are below the float, or rather at the base of the frames carrying the floats, which switch mechanisms serve in reality as loose ivotal-connections between the lower end 0 the floats and the respective frames; while in the third instance the switch mechanism is at the upper end of the frame and also serves as a loose pivotal connection between the ends of float and frame 48". Here the yoke 52" is at the base of the float 70, serving as a connection at this end with the frame 48".

As illustrated in Fi 6, the yoke member 1 55", serving as one o the contact members of switch 73, is pivoted in the lateral extensions 49 and is adapted to make and break the circuit by contacting with the terminal lug 7 erminal'lug 74" is connected in circuit through a wire or strap 75, ,which connects with theterminal 74 of switch 46. Frame 48" may be carried by frame 48 by means of a connection 77, which is similar to the connection 66 between the frames 48 and 48', but is electrically insulated.

Connections 76 may comprise bolts 71 passing through horizontal extensions 78 and the frame 48 frame 48.

It is desirable to insulate these frames and accordingly we provide an insulation collar 76. The circuit is therefore through the strap between terminals 74 and 74" and the frame 48" from where it continues through. the wire fastened to the frame at 81.

and similar extensions 79 of It will be observed, therefore, from the I above description that the motor circuit ma be traced first from the wire 65, terminal 74 yoke 55', and frame 48', connections 66 between the last frame and frame 48, yoke 55 contacting with terminal lug 74, strap 75, terminal lug 74", yoke 55 and then back by Way of the wire 80. It will further be observed that such circuit connections place these switches in series with each other, and that the circuit may, therefore, be broken by opening any one of them. The upper two switches function to open the circuit by the rising movement of the fuel, while the bottom switch serves to open the circuit when the fuel level lowers.

From the foregoing description it will be readily apparent that the appearance of a leak in pipe 14 will immediately cause the disabling float-controlled switch mechanism 73 to break the motor circuit and to thereby prevent a serious conflagration of fuel that may flood the basement floor 82. This arrangementis particularly unique in cases where an owner of a building may wish to leave the premises for several days and may then set the room thermostat (not shown) to maintain a certain temperature whereby to prevent the pipes of the house from freezing. Underwriters have found that it is during such periods of absence that leaks occurring in the pipes between the burner and the pump flood the basement. and cause serious fires, because they usually go unnoticed too long.

The cause of many fires in buildin s havingfuel burnin systems is traced irectly to leaks of the character mentioned.

A further feature of our invention resides in the provision of a novel form of resetting mechanism for temporarily rendering the low level or disabling switch inoperative so that the motor circuit may be closed and the motor operated until the fuel has been brought to the normal level A-B. This resettin mechanism may be in the form of a pushutton switch 75, suitably embodied in the motor housing 23, as illustrated in Fig. 3, and included in a circuit shunted around strap 75.

Switch 7 5' may beof the spring push-button type, whereby the owner ma hold the switch closed until the norma level is reached. If he holds the switch closed too long the overflow float-control switch mechanism efi'ectively opens the motor circuit. Thereupon the owner is informed that there is a suflicient quantity of fuel within the tank 20 to place the pump A in normal operating condition.

\Ve wish to emphasize the fact that the feature of roviding a tripping mechanism capable of rendering the pump inoperative to continue supplying liquid to tank 20, when an excessive demand is made at the outlet of the tanlr, may take many forms other than that illustrated and described herein. As an example, it will be readily observed 'trom the above description that a single float and switch may be used as a tripping mechanism tor disabling thepump when this excessive demand is made, and also for opening and closing the motor c1rcu1t during the normal operation of the pump. 'lhis single float and tioned. It will be quite obvious that the float 70 and its associated elements are normally inoperative and the normal control 20 is entirely regulated by the operation of the float t5 working betweenthe levels A, B and 6,10, respectively. Therefore, the rate of flow required to supply the burner or other part to be supplied may be completely and adequately maintained. It the rate of flow from the outlet 14: exceeds such requirements of the burner or part to be supplied, the float 70 operates its associated parts to cut off the feeding of fuel to the receptacle, thus preventing continued flow through said receptacle. It is, of course, to be understood that in' the use of what we may term the consuming device, the level will automatically drop from level A, B to level C, D, whereupon the float 45 acts to again raise the level to the line A, C or in other words, to a predetermined normal level in the receptacle. This continues so long as the consuming device uses a normal quantity of fuel. When, however, the consuming evice takes more than its normal demand, or for any other reason the quantity of fuel flowing out of the outlet 14 exceeds the predetermined rate, the normally inoperative float through-the instrumentality of its associated switch, stops the further or continued flow of fuel through the receptacle, notwithstanding the fact that the switch associated with the float 45 has been closed.

So far as our knowledge is concerned, we believe that we are the first to provide these improvements in a pump, and accordingly, will broadly claim the same.

We claim 1. In a pumping apparatus, the combination of a pump having a receptacle for feeding liquid by gravity to a liquid consuming device, a connection between said receptacle and said device, andmeans for disabling the operation of said pump when the liquid drops below a predetermined low level in said receptacle.

2. In a pumping apparatus, the combination of a pump, a receptacle for receiving liquid supplied by said pump, a discharge pipe connected to said receptacle, and means controlled by the rate of discharge of liquid in excess of or below the rate at which the liquid is supplied to said receptacle for disablin the operation of said pump.

3. n a pumping apparatus, the combination of a pump, a receptacle for receiving liquid supplied by, said pump, a discharge pipe connected to said receptacle, and means disposed within said receptacle and controlled by the rate of discharge of liquid in excess oit or below the rate at which the liquid is supplied to said receptacle for disabling the operation of said pump.

A. A pp comprising a receptacle and a pumping unit tor supplying liquid thereto, and means within said receptacle for dis abling the operation of said pumping unit when substantially all the liquid is withdrawn from said receptacle.

5. A pumpcomprising a receptacle and a pumping unit for supplyin liquid thereto, and means connected to sai pum ing unit for disabling its operation when su stantially all the liquid is withdrawn from said receptacle.

' 6.1m a pumping apparatus system, the.

combination with an electrically operated pump, of a receptacle for receiving the fluid pumped, a discharge pipe connected thereto, and circuit controllin means associated with said pump for disabhng the operation thereof when liquid is withdrawn by said dischar e pipe at a rate in excess of the rate at I whic liquid is supplied by said pump.

7. A pumping apparatus comprising a receptacle, an electrically driven pumping unit for supplying liquid thereto, and means in circuit with said pumping unit for controlling the operation thereof, said means having mechanism for disabling the pump when liquid is withdrawn from said receptacle at a rate in excess of the rate at which liquid is supplied by said pumping unit.

8. A pumping apparatus comprising a receptacle, a motor driven pumping unit for supplying liquid thereto, and means disposed 1n said receptacle and in circuit with said motor for disabling said umping unit when substantially all the liquid is withdrawn from said receptacle.

9. A pumping apparatus comprising a receptacle, a motor driven pumping unit for supplying liquid thereto, and a float controlled switch in circuit with said motor for disabling said umping unit when the liquid supplying liquid thereto, and a plurality of float controlled switch mechanisms in said motor circuit for disabling said pumping unit when supplying liquid either in excess of or ceptacle, a motor below the rate at which the liquid is withdrawn from said receptacle.

11. A pumping a paratus comprising a reriven pumping unit for supplying liquid thereto, a float controlled switch for opening the motor circuit when substantially all the liquid is withdrawn from said receptacle, and a second float controlled switch for openin the motor circuit when a predetermined llquid level is attained in said receptacle.

12. In a pumping apparatus comprisinga receptacle, and a motor driven pumping unit for supplying liquid thereto, the combinatiOn of three float controlled switches, the first for opening the motor circuit when substantially all the liquid is withdrawn from said receptacle, the second for opening the motor circuit when a normal predetermined liquid level is attained in said receptacle, and

the third for opening the motor circuit at level in said receptacle, and resetting mechanism for temporarily restoring the operation of said pump.

14. In pumping apparatus, a pump, a receptacle for receiving liquid supplied by said pump, controlling means providing for normal automatic operation of said pump, disabling means operable to render said controlling means inefiective to continue automatic operation of said pump when the discharge from said receptacle is in excess of a predetermined rate of flow, 1d means for rendering said disabling means inoperative.

15 In pumping apparatus, an electrically driven pump, a receptacle for receiving liquid supplied by said pump, a float controlled switch for disabling said pum and means for temporarily by-passing sai switch to restore the operation of said pump.

16. In pumping apparatus, an electrically driven pum a receptacle for receiving liquid supplie by said pum a float at the lower end of said receptac e, a switch controlled by said float, said float functioning to 0 en said switch when substantially all the iquid is withdrawn from said rece tacle, and means for byassing said switc 1 to operate said pump an refill said receptacle.

17. A pumping apparatus comprising an electrically driven pumping unit, a receptacle for receiving liquid delivered b said pumping unit,a switch in circuit wit said pumping unit, and a float in said receptacle connected to open the circuit when in its lower position and to close the circuit when in its upper position.

18. A pump including a receptacle, a float grease-1 controlled mechanism for operating the um in accordance with the quantity of liquid withdrawn from said receptacle, and means also operable in accordance with the quantity of liquid withdrawn from said rece tacle for temporaril disabling the action 0 said float controlle mechanism.

19. A pump including a receptacle, a motor for driving said pump, a switch controlled by a float within said receptacle, and a sec- ,trolling means whereby the pump will be stopped when the liquid reaches a predetermined upper level, will bestarted when the liquid reaches a predetermined intermediate level and will be stopped when the liquid reaches a predetermined lower level.

22. Float actuated means for a pump, adapted to sto the pump when the liquid 111 the float cham er reaches an upper level, to start the pump when the liquid reaches an intermediate level, and to sto the pump when the liquid reaches a lower evel.

23. In a float controlled liquid feeding apparatus, in combination with the float chamber, the float therein, and a control member adapted to be operated by the float at predetermined high and low levels of the liquid in the float'chamber, an auxiliary control member adapted to be operated to sto) the feed when the liquid falls below the sai predetermined low level in the float chamber.

24. In a float controlled liquid feeding apparatus, in combination with the float chamber, the float therein, and a control member adapted to be operated by the float at predetermined high and low levels of the liquid in the float chamber, an auxiliary control member adapted to be operated to stop the feed when the liquid rises above the said high level in the float chamber.

25. In a float controlled liquid feeding apparatus, including a pump, a motor, an electric circuit for said motor, a float chamber, and a float adapted to control the openin and closing of said circuit at redetermined high and low levels of the iquid in said float chamber, and normally inoperative means for opening said circult when the liquid in said float chamber falls below the said low level.

26. In a float controlled liquid feeding a paratus, including a pump, a motor, an e ectric circuit for said motor, a float chammenace ,a paratus, including a pump, a'niotor, an

e ectric circuit for said motor, a float chamher, and a float adapted to control the opening and closing of said circuit at redetermined high and low levels of the iquid in said float chamber, and normally inoperative means for opening said circuit when the liquid in said float chamber falls below said low level and rises above said high level.

28. In a float controlled liquid feeding apparatus, including a pump, a motor, an electric circuit for said motor, a switch in said circuit, a float chamber and a float ada ted to operate said switch at predetermined 'gh and low levels of the llquid in said float chamber, a second normally closed switch in said electric circuit adapted to be operated to open said circuit when the li aid in said float chamber falls below the said low level.

29. In a float controlled liquid feeding apparatus, including a pump, a motor, an electrio circuit for said motor, a switch in said circuit, a float chamber and a float adapted to operate said switch at predetermined high and low levels of the liquid in said float chamber, a second normall closed switch in said electric circuit adapte to be operated to open said circuit when the liquid in said.

float chamber rises above the said high level.

30. In a float controlled liquid feeding apparatus, including a pump, a motor, an electric circuit for said motor, a switch in said circuit, a float chamber and a float ada ted to operate said switch at predetermined igh and low levels of the liquid in said float chamber, a second normally closed switch in said electric circuit adapted to be operated to open said circuit when the liquid in said float chamber falls below the said low level and when it rises above the said high level.

31. In a float controlled liquid feedin apparatus, in combination with the float c ambar, the float therein, and a control member adapted to be operated b the float at predetermined high and low l evels of the liquid in the float chamber, a normally ino erative auxiliary control member, adapte when operated to stop the feed, and means actuated by the liquid in the float chamber for operating said auxiliary control upon a fall ofthe liquid in said float chamber below said low level.

32. lln a float controlled liquid feeding aparatus, in combination with the float chamer, the float therein, and a control member adaptedto be operated by the float at predetermined high and low levels of the liquid in the float chamber, a normall inoperative auxiliar control member, a apted when operate to stop the feed, and means actuated 'by the liquid in the float chamber for operating said auxiliary control upon a rise of the liquid in said float chamber above said high level.

' 33. in a float controlled liquid feeding apparatus, in combination with the float chamher, the float therein, and a control member ":1 pted to be operated by the float at prcdetermined high and low' levels of the liquid in the float chamber, a normall inoperative auxiliar control member, a apted when operate to stop the feed, and means actuated by the liquid in the float chamber foroperat ing said auxiliary control upon a rise of the said liquid in the float chamber above the said high level and upon a fall of said liquid below said low level.

34. la a pumping apparatus, the combination of a receptacle, liquid feeding means for said receptacle, and means for controlling said liquid feeding means, including a float actuated means having connections with said liquid feeding means whereby said liquid feedin means is adapted to discontinue the feed 0% liquid'when the liquid in said receptacle reaches an upper level, and to feed liquid when the liquid reaches an intermediate level, and means operably associated with said float actuated means whereby said liquid feediii means is adapted to discontinue the lfeed of liquid when the liquid reaches a lower evel.

35. A pump apparatus comprising a motor driven pump, a tank associated with said pump for receiving the liquid pumped, a quick make and break switch mechanism for controlling the circuit of said motor driven pump, and float mechanism for controlling said switch mechanism whereby the switch mechanism will be open when the level of the liquid is at a predetermined high level and will be closed when the level ofthe liquid is at a predetermined low level, said mechanisms including provisions for again openin the switch mechanism when the level of the liquid is at a predetermined lower level.

36.In a float controlled liquid feeding aplparatus, the combination with a float chamer, the float therein, a control member adapted to be operated by the float at predetermined high and low levels of the liquid in the float chamber to control the feed of liquid thereto, and a normally inoperative auxiliar control member adapted when operate to cause stopping of the feed, the operation of said auxiliary control member being controlled by the flow of liquid from said float chambe 37. In a liquid supply system, a part to I ing liquid to be fed to said part at a predetermined rate of flowyand means in said receptacle arranged for non-interference with said predetermined rate of flow but movable upon an excessive rate of flow to a position renderin it operable to bring about a stop-' page of ow through the connection.

38. A fuel supply system comprising a source of supply, a part to be supplied, a conl1) nection from said source to said part, normally operative means providing for a flow of fuel through said connection at a predetermined rate to the part to be supplied and means arranged for non-interference with 5 said predetermined rate of flow but movable upon an excessive rate of flow to a position rendering it operable to bring about a stop page of flow through said connection.

39. A fuel supply system comprisinga 20 source of supply, a part to be supplied, a connection from said source to said part, normally operative means providing for a flow of fuel through said connection at a predetermined rate to the part to be supplied, means arranged for non-interference with said predetermined rate of flow but movable upon an excessive rate of flow to a position .rendering it operable to bring about a stoppage of flow through said connection, and 0 means whereby the normally ino rative means may be restored to the inoperative position upon resumption of flow at the predetermined rate.

40. A combination with a receptacle hav- 5 ing float mechanism therein, of switch mechanism adapted to be actuated by said float mechanism, said float mechanism having operative connections with the switch mech-' anis'm, whereby the switch mechanism will be automatically'moved to closed position when the float mechanism is at a predetermined point and the switch mechanism will be moved to open position if the float mechanism moves above or below said predeter- 45 mined point, substantiall as described.

In witness whereof we ave hereunto subscribed our names.

- GEORGE R.-FOLDS. LAWRENCE M. PERSONS.

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