US1762001A - Grate or burning bar for enameling furnaces - Google Patents

Description

K. TURK June 3,1930.

GRATE OR BURNING BAR FORYENAMELING FURNACES Filed Marc 6, 1928 i I be'enameled. The pointsare ordinarilydis Patented June 3,1930,

KARL relax, or Bern /103$, MAR 21mm), fnssrenon {To roRoE' 'AIn E AMEL AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY OF'VIBVALTIMORE, on BALTIMORE, A LANDQA I CORPORATION OFF-MARYLAND enA'rnlon BnnnmefimnronnNAMEmNGruanAcns v Application filed. Mamba-mas.

The invention relates to grate orsbu'rning bars for enameling furnaces andhas for its objects to'provide a burning bar'of improved constructionand which obtains material ad- 5 vantages in economical and prolongedservice over grate bars heretofore used n-theenamelf ing industry. z 1, Grate or burning bars 110W employedifor use in serving porcelain or other enameling 19 furnaces, have been constructed ofcjast metal of highv heat resisting capacity; for example, the barshave beencast of chromel, which is an alloy of steel With nickel, but'othermetals and metalalloys ofhig'h resistancemaybe and have been employed. 7: a j The. vertically projecting points with which'the bars. are provided, andvvhich support the freshly enameled articles While'the 7 same are being baked in the furnace,.are in nearly every instance cast integrallywith the .bars and are therefore constitutedof thesame metal 'or metal alloy asthat :trom whichythe bars are formed;- It is .essentialthat these points be tapered toan exceedingly fine de gree to avoid perceptibly marking or scoring the i freshly enameled articles. which are placed on thepoints preparatory to being baked and hardened in the-heat of' thei fur- ;nace. It is'further necessary tomake these points as hard and heat resisting as possible in order to avoid breaking, cracking" and unduesc'aling While the same aresubjected to the extremely high temperatures s of the enameling ffurnaceQ Such objectionable Wearing away of the points resultsin'uneven- V ness-and lack of .uniformityin the 'VQItlCdl d'ime'nsions'of-the points. i l/Vhen the points are Worn away orbroken to uneven degree the bars may no longer be usedftoadvantage in'supportingarticles to posed along thebar s and may be spaced three '7 orfour inches apart; It is obvious that the shorter points wi1l not"-a'ssist' in supporting are articles andthereis furthe'rjdanger of the Serial No. 5 75. :1 i

tails a considerable 'economicdvvaste due to h the fact thatjthe body or majorportions of theyba'rs" are in undamaged condition and fwould be,available for continuous ,use' indefinitely Wereit not for the described erosion and'ivearing'awayofthepoints. Grateba rs' of'the charactercdescri'be'd, dilate-their com iposition-ofmetal or metallic alloys of high." 'fiheatr'esi'sting qualities,' .are;quite*expensive in 'themarket fand" involve the expenditure of 1 n initial purchase outlay of' $2.-80 per pound or higher.

Various methods decreasegor obviateithis economic aste which has added materially to the operation "costs offenam'eling plants. Y To this endbars of wrought-iron have been employed having separate'points which are riveted or*other- Wise rigidly securedfto the bars. {This has proved unsatisfactory for' the reason that Wroughtiron .does not possessthe tensile and load supporting strength of cast iron and is .unable to satisfactorily withstand the high temperatures in the" ;furnace. jC'ast metal,

which is highly superior to Wrought iron in this respect,i's too hard to"Withstand the r veting process'and it is impracticable ifnot impossible to secure Separately constructed points to cast iron grate bars, because of the tendency offthe latter." to I break during the operation "Therefore, it has been mostfeasif ble-to continue the use of "castmet'a'l bars having the necessarytensileqstrengthfandffvvith Which theispaced points areint'egrally cast; In castlng tjhe bars'itfreguently occurs that pin orbloW holes existat'or near theitapered- J xtremities ofthe points; the existence of; vvhichgdefects increasethe' tendency of the Lunder higli' temperat-u'resi -Therefore5 When:

the points become damaged, broken "or Worn; -c t aw'ay as described, 'it has been necessary' to permanently discardl'the entire grate iba'r, avlth-the'resulting-economicWaste describedn I The present inventioneliminates:allofthe to the inclination resulting from the pres lattervtilting andslipping off of the bars due above;describeddisadv n flg and C L I T L jwaste Without. sacr ficing anyofthe practical lence of the shorter points. 'XVhenQthiS conadvantages 'incident 'to'the'iemployment, of

' dition exists it isnecessary to discardlthe bars and replace'thenl with-new ones. -'=1his en-j ing icapacity; tlnte'gralf upstanding pa ed;

.g ratebarsfof cast metal ofhigh heat resist U A.

standards or'pedestals are cast with the bars as in the former practice, but these upwardly projecting standards terminate short ofthe desired elevation of the points and are provided with enlarged extremities forming con: tact or bearing surfaces Interchangeable 'cap o r point members of high resisting steel" or alloy are separately formed, either by casting or machining or both, and these caps arev hollow and'provided with locking means cooperating with the enlarged heads of the integral projections.

' ner of the usual integral points, are freely applied to and removed. from the integral projections and securely and rigidly locked hen one parent that a great, economical saving is thereby effected and it is no longer necessary tofdiscard the-entire grate bar when one or more of the points has become broken or scaled away to a stunted condition.

The bars may be employedindefinitely and 7 new caps may be applied thereto when necessary tomaintain the spacedpoints ata uniform elevation.

Various .methods may be employed for removably' locking the caps to [the invention.

inafter set forth and elaimed,'with the un derstanding that the several -necessary, eleme-n-ts'constituting thesame may be varied connections of thischaracter. 7 'derstood that any approved separable con- 7 of suc'hcement.

the projections, the methods illustrated showing merely practicalexamp'les of detachable nection may be employed in this regard withoutdeparting from the nature and scope of If desired, the interchangeable caps may be provided with an. intermediate filler or china cement. or other refractory fire resisting cement. The "invention contemplates, when desired, the use of a refractory cement in assisting inrsecuring the caps to the grate bar projectionabut is not limited to the use Hth such obj ects in view, as Well as other advantages which may be incident to the use of the improvements, the invention consists in the parts and combinations thereof herein proportions and arrangement without departing'fromi-the nature and scope of the inv-ention.

:order to make theinvention more clearly .understood there are shown in the accompanying drawings means for carrying the *samej'inlto practical "effect, without limiting L'the improvements, in their useful applica- -tions, to the particularconstructions which,

for the, purpose of explanat on, have been In'this manner the caps, which are suitably'pointed in the man- It will be un- 7 made the subject of illustration. In the said drawings: V

Fig.v 1 is a side elevation of a grate bar for enameling furnaces and illustrating a preferred embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the 'same'.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail View in side elevation of one of the upstanding pedestals or standards, and showing its detachable cap member or point in vertical section. V

Fig. 4: is a transverse section on line H ofFig.3.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing a modification of myinvention.

Fig. 6 is a similar view showing a further modification.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates the grate or burning bar which is or 'may be of the usual fiat rectangular shape, and'which is-pr'eferably', constructed of chromel or other metal ornietal alloy of high heat resisting capacity. In the enameling art to which the invention appertains,two or more of the bars are'employed for supporting freshly'enameled ware which is to be charged into an enameling furnace, and thereafter the bars are utilized in the removal of the baked enameledware from the furnace. The bars are ordinarily loosely carried by a longitudinally reciprocable fork member constituting a part ofga furnace charging or serving apparatus, and during their use the bars are repeatedly subjected for long intervals to the destructive heat of'the modern enameling furnace.

The grate bar may be of any desired length and is provided with a: plurality of spaced upstanding supports, pedestals or standards 2 also formed of heat resisting metal or metal alloy. The standards or supports may be of any desired number, and'are suitably spaced from one another along the longitudinal r-limensionof the bar. In theembodt ment illustrated three-of such pedestals or standards are shown. The members 2 are preferably formed at their lower endswith' enlarged shoulder portlons 3 terminating in base portions 4, thelat'ter'being securely and rigidly seatedfin corresponding apertures in the grate bar. :This connection may be a driving fit or 'the'members may be shrunk into position, the shoulder portions 13 insuring proper-seating of the pedestal members in tliebar with respect to one another. Referring to Fig. 3, each pedestal or standard is -or may be provided with an upper enlarged portion or collarmember 5, which may be cast or formed integrally with the standard, and the upper extremity of the latter terminates infian enlarged head 6:0f frusto-conical configuration. The loweroverhanging shoulder 7 of the head is provided with a vertically extending recess or slot :8 of av depth substantially equal to the width of the lower shoulder 7 (Fig.4). The removablecapor point isshown at 9, andconsists of a cone shaped member preferably "cast or otherwise formed of a metal or metal alloy of'high heatv resisting capacity. Inv the embodiment shown' H in Fig. 3, the member 9 is formed, with a lower hollow socket. or bore 10 of tapered secure the point in position on its standard configuration andvof sufiicient diameter to re.- ceive andseat the enlarged head '6 of the support or sta'ndardjQ. In order to removably and to guard against accidental displacement thereof, the cone shaped member 9 is formed with an inwardly projecting lug or projection '11 which may be'integrally cast with or other; wiseformed on the cap or point 9. In order to assemble the cap in'position the same is turned so that the lug llrregisters with the V recess 8 ofthe head to permit the latter to seat within the innermost partofthe taper-i 'ing socket or bore 10. I The subsequent rot-ation of the cap on its vertical axispositions the lug 11 beneath the shoulder'7 in the man- Vner of the well knownrbayonet joint, thereby guarding against accidental displacementof the cap from its pedestal. c

lVhen it is desired to replace or interchange the cap members on the pedestals'or insert I new caps thereon, forexample if the caps have become worn or broken, thesame can be readily removed by turning, to align the lug with the recess to permit substitution'of a fresh point on the pedestal. 1 In the embodiment shown-inFigQ 5the upper end of the pedestal is of reduced diameter as shown at 12 and is designed to lit loosely but closely within a corresponding reduced Therlower portion 13 bore'13 in the point. of the bore is of increased diameter to seat upon acollar member 1% integrally formed with or otherwise rigidly secured to-Vthe opedestal'Q. The: collar member is. cutaway to provide a groove or recess 15 for the reception of the lug 11 of the point torpermit aS- sembling and removal of the point when desired'as will be readily understood. g

In the embodiment shown in Fig. G-the'upper bore 13 and the corresponding reduced portion 12 of the standard is omitted and: the point 9 seats directly on the enlargement or collar'15 .of the standard.- As in'Fig.

T -5 the collar is cut away at 15 to permit the passage therethrough of-the' lug ll of the point to permitthe seating and removalfof v the latter, at the same time guarding against accidental displacementof the point, r

From the foregoing it will be apparent new I I have providedalgrate bar assembly for enameling furnaces which permits of ready I V "positioning of the points on the pedestal as j grate bar.

-4; In grate bar for enamelingfurnaces,

parent.v By the invention the grate bars 1, I

which are formed of an expensive heat resist vision .for indefinitely maintaining the effi-- ciency of the bars and horizontal alignment nace, is insured. V 7

In the embodiment-illustrated the pedestals and rigidly secured to the bar 1 Thein vention co'ntemplates'however,the standards be ing cast integrally with I tion of thebar if desired.

' The caps or points have been illustrated as of conical sl1ape,rbut it will be evident that the same may lee-constructed of pyramidal.

the main body 'por- I (r alloy, may be used indefinitely and pro- 'or standards 2are'sh'own separately formed or other polygonal form,, it only being de- 7 sirable that. the members taper upwardly or otherwise terminatein a sharp point. The

invention contemplates the use of caps or" pointsof anydesired cross-sectional configuc-ration. I- Y what. is claimed 151- it '1. In a grate bar for enameling'furnaces "the combination'of a pointed cap having a] recess in its bottom, means on' saidgratebar v engaging said socketcandinterlocking means i j on said cap for preventing upward move- I ment of said cap away. froin'said grate bar i 2, Ina grate barfor enameling furnaces the combination of a'plurality ofsupports on said grate bar, each of said supports having a removable cap provided with a-L socket adapted to engage said'support, and means for preventingvupward movement of said cap relative to said supports 7 r 3'. "In a grate bar for enameling furnaces, the combination of a tapered burning point havinga socket'in its bottom 'port-ion, and

means on said grate bar engaging said socket burning, point, f'whereby said'point may be interchanged and replacedjrelativeto said' said support havingahead engaging said socket'in'said burning point: to prevent acci- V said support.

, J KARL Ton c well as their convenient removal therefrom,

at the same time guarding against accidental p displacement or loss of the points during use. V

The economical as well asother advantages'flobtained by the 'inventio'n have been em phasized in'the specification and will be ap,-

dental displacement ofjthelatter, said burn-. ing po nt when in position on its support x havlng its lower end adjac'ent said collar. on .1211

Q In test mony whereofl afiix my signature;

.of the points to support/the ware in the furj to prevent accidental displacement of-rsaid m

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