US1759260A - Spinning process for polychromatic yarns, device for said process, and the product of said process - Google Patents

Description

SPINNING PROCESS FOR POLYCHROMATIC YARNS, DEVICE, FOR

SAID PROCESS, AND THE PRODUCT 0F SAID PROCESS Filed March 2, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 May '20, 1930. o. HOFFMANN 1 1,759,260

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SPINNING PROCESS FOR POLYCHROMATIC YARNS, DEVICE FOR SAID PROCESS, AND THE PRODUCT OF SAID PROCESS Filed March 2, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 20, 1930. o. HOFFMANN y 20, o. ,HOFFMANN 1,759,260

SPINNING PROCESS FOR POLYCHROMATIC YARNS, DEVICE FOR SAID PROCESS, AND THE PRODUCT OF SAID PROCESS Filed March 2, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 m :84 v UJIWQZZZ fld fw.

Even/far;

Patented May 20,

oswALD norrMANn, or NEUGERSDORF, GERMANY SPINNING PROCESS FOR POLYCHROMA'IIC YARNS, DEVICE FOR SAID PROCESS,

THE PRODUCT OF SAID PROCESS Application filed March 2, 1926, Serial No.

Yarns, which have different colours in their length, in which the colour gradually shades oil to another tinge, were hitherto made by dyeing. Such yarns, having different colours in great length, where not produced in the spinning, only so-called mixture yarns, were spun, multi-ooloured, whereby fibres of different colours were mixed together either in the loose wool ina Carder,- in the slubbing, or the slubbing which wasprinted.

The present spinning process is intended to produce yarns, which are, in their length, gradually shaded ofi from one colour to another, whereby the shading off is obtained by gradually altering the mixing proportions of the dyed fibres from O to 100% of each single dyed material. According totheinvention, the process for producing. the slubbing is the following:

The loose fibrous spinning material, e. g. wool, is first-dyed separately to the colours, that are to show themselves in the yarn. The loose wool is fed to thespeed frame, in

most cases a carding machine, not in the usual '25 manner, but at intervals. One at a time a coloured strip of one colour of the dyed material is spread over" the wholebreadth of the carder, then a strip of the other colour follows, of the requiredlength.

The first colour is next worked up, and the card eb or fleece-delivered by the carder,

shows the initial colour. Gradually the first and second 7 colours mix together in the carder, and the delivered [fleece gradually shades off to the second colour, till at last the fleece is almost entirely of the second colour.

I This shading can be regularly repeated,

or a second or'third'shade in difl'erent colours, can be attached, ,andthen be-repeated will show itself in the yarn at certain distances. v i The diflferent' coloured wools could be fed by hand to the carder, but evenwith the most careful handling, unevenness of the length of repetition or the thickness of the yarncan hardly be avoided. In order to produce even thickness of-yarn, mechanical execution of the process must be preferred. Herewith it is namely a question of two means. Either again, so that the same repetitionofcolours 91,754, and in Germany January 20, 1906.

the different coloured wools are fed "to-the carder as different coloured laps, or an automatic hopper feed, having several bins, which is controlled by cards, is used. .While hitherto only one unicoloured lap was fed to thelicking-in rollers of the carderffor carrying out the process in consideration;

three or more difierent coloured lapsare fed to the licking-in rollers, whereby devices are made use of,which regulate, the feed of each single lap as required, and obtain even yarns, in such a Way that the quantity of fleece .(web) from the single laps remains the same, during a certain unit of time, which is led to the licking-in rollers. The regulation of the switch-arrangement for feeding the wool can be carried'out either by eccentric pulleys, chains with'corresponding cams, or holed card'or cards with pegs etc.

0n the accompanying drawings two forms of execution of the invention, with difierent possibilities of form of the. control and switch arrangements, are illustrated wherein, Fig. 1 is across section of the licker-in withv part of the carder-swift, and the arrangement of the different coloured laps of fibre with switch-arrangement for' feeding with pattern card andrope transmis I slon. V

Fig. 2is a plan view thereof.

Fig. 3 is a side view of another form of y execution of the switchrarrangement, with.

ratchet-wheels controlledby an. eccentric.

, Fig. 4 is a side view of a third formof execution of the reversing motion by means card. p a

Fig. 5 isaside' view of a fourth form of of ratchet-wheels, controlled by the frollerthe, invention ofthe reversingjmotionwith drive, controlled by a pattern cone-wheel card.

rangement "for employing a hopper feed with several bins.

Fig. 7 is a side ,view of the automatic con- Fig. 6 is .a sectional side view of an ai will thrust each time against (left hand) 8 is a plan view of a scale beam of this arrangement.

of rollers'2, 5 is attained by a fork catch and pattern cardsystem,insucha manner, that the speed of the ratchet wheel is regulatedby the pattern element. Thepattern card 12 must be madeof suitable length, and have four rows of holes, in which pins 12 of different lengths are fixed. The pattern card is laid over a prismatic element-feed cylinder, 11, "which is journall ed on theone end ofa double-armed lever .10 and'raised and lowered byyan eccentric'14, engaging the other end .of fsaid lever: 10 from arevolving shaft .13, and slowly revolves intermittently on its own aXle in a known manner bymeans not shown. Fork latches!) pivoted at9 and provided fort working the deliveryv rollers 2, are arranged aboveisaidcylinder 11.

When the card feedcylinder 11 moves up and down, those pins 12 of the changecard being in'verticaliposition on the cylinder 11 parts of the fork latches9 which carry double fork catches 8, 8 and'movethes e parts'more or less upwar'dly, cofrrespondingto the length ofthe pins 12f,fso thatthe said catches 8, 8

'1 reach out more or less .to the accompanying .13. The length of the pins 12? regulates the angle-movement of the ratchet levers 9 each ratchet wheels 7, and when thelevers 9 of these wheels 7 are lowered, and by means of the rope-transmission 4 the accompanying delivery. and feed rollers 5, 2' areset in moe tion correspondingly: The said. catch carrying ends of theleversfil are. lowered'by accompanying drivers '15, which push against the otherends'ofthe levers 9 and are driven from-projectinglugs 16'on theieccentri'c shaft time, and in this manner the lap in question a is revolvedin the desired manner, that is, the

' required amount andcolour of material'is fed H {to th QtCflrder; J I

V =Fig. 3 shows another form of e xecution of the guide v -motion, for only two, difierently dyed materials. The delivery and feedrolle ers,;(not shown in theplan) are also driven by rope-transmission,- likewise1;.by ratchet" wheels 17, 17 7 A 'pairof latch levers 18, re-' spectiively19, interlock with said wheels 17,

respectively'17' andby means .of the arranged sliding neckguides 23,24, are attached to a lever- 129, swinginglon' a pivot 27 and controlled by an eccentric disc-28.; Both latch l'ever'carriersor sliding necks 23, 24 are rigidly conne'cted with one another by a stay25'. The lower end of the lever 29, is pressed by means of a spring towards the eccentric disc 28 which is rotated by the shaft 28 driven in known manner from the main shaft of the machine.

If a sliding neck is opposite the fulcrum 27 of the lever 29, the movement of the accompanyingpairof latch-levers is too slight,

in order to accomplish'a revolutionof the ratchet wheel. The further the sliding neck and therewith the accompanying pair of latch levers are pushed from this fulcrum, the

greater the leverage and the rotation of the accompanying ratchet'wheel'will be. The

rigid connection of both latch lever bearers 28, 24- causes the :total movement-of both ratchet wheels to be entirelyiequal during any time unit, and therefore the movementof one ratchet wheeldiminishes if the move mentxof the other onexincreasesl The shiftingof the-rigidly connected sliding necks in the movable lever 29, relative to their-position to the 'fulcrum27, and'the regulationv of the feed of each single material to the carder, in connection with same, is attained by the lever system 20, 21 which iscontrolled by an eccentric 22. By means of such an ar-.'

rangement the single laps 3' and feed rollers 2 can be revolved m any desired manner, so

that the licking-in roller 1 can be fed with either one or the other colour, or a mixture of colours together, since, with corresponding adjustment, by moving the two necks with 'rod 25. backwards and forwards, one

of the laps stands entirely still, andonly the other one delivers'wool," o'r' by'altering the necks to about the position of Fig. 3, both laps work in a limited m'anner,"and by further shifting, the lap whichwas workinggin the first case, stands still, if the correspond V a 7 ing neck is opposite the stud 27 whilst the other wool-lap deliversto full extent.

, The-other style of e ecu-tion like Fig. '4

comprisesacylinderj with a rollencard 38 attached. 7 This influences, in a mannerwhich is well known, a lever39 for each colour, in

the; guide-eye of whichv each levera mill-bar 36, worked by the eccentric 37 swings .eve'nly backwards and forwards. f By moving .the

mill-bar 36 into the position shown, it comesv within reach-fof the countenbar 35, .on'w'hich alpairoflatchesyfor forward andb'ackward movemenhjare attached, which interlocks with a ratchet wheel :3OQ, ,Inlthis Emanner reversin'gmotion, when working forwards or roller '5, and the correspondingjlap;3' withfeed roller 2, are set in motion. f.-

. ter-mill-bar 351 backwards, isaattaine'd, whereby the delivery spring 34 draws the coun 7 back. F orratchet wheels 31 and 32 a-similarv working mechanism is provided'as the one just described. For examplefthej;ratchet.w

wheels are attached? to: the feed-rollers 2 ,for, I iconnecte'dwithsame :by chains.- r

I Instead of revolving {the laps .whe'e'lspth'esame-can bealso worked by by ratchet and=69, scale receptacles with intimatedv scale beams 71, 7 2. 73 is the endless feeding worm wheels and worms,which"is forex by. making use of such arrangements as are made use of with shaft-looms. By means of lags or pattern cards 59 with pegs 59 or holes, whichrun'over a rack prism 60, the movement of the laps is controlled, either directlyor by levers 44, 44", which bring the mill bars 51, 52 by means of needles '58, 58' with stop catches 42, 42 within reach of the oscillating knives 53, 54, which swing on a stud 55 by means of'crank 57 and leversystem 56.- The bill bars are connectedby draw rod 50, and vertical shafts 49, 49, 49- with the corresponding strap forks 46, 46, 46", which shift the straps driving the driving gears 43, 43,;43, and therewith theworms 40, 40, 407,011 to either the fast or loose pulleys. 7

If a double lever 50 as shown is used for working the mill bars, the strap forks can remain alternately .for some time, in either position, whereby the fleeces of the single laps 3 can be fed to the carder, either uniformly and for any length of time, or at suitable intervals. I r

In correspondingmanner the reversing motion can be also controlled by adjustable friction gear. I

If the carder is fed with loose dyed wool instead of laps, each colour must be separately placed in a bin of the hopper feed.

Hopper feeds with two ormore receptacles, in the well known execution, are used, the number of receptacles being chosen according to, the number of colours to be used. The

hopper feeds are controlled cards; a-well' known method, to be determinedby' a certain fixed rule beforehand, whereby one of the already described styles of execution can be made use of in the sense given Fig. 6 shows for example a hopper feed of this kind for two different kinds of ma: terial, with intimation of the manner of feeding to the licker-in of the carder. 6'1,

62 are the receptacles or bins for-the mate- I r ial,' '63, 64t-the endless feeding lattices, 65,v

66the doffing combs, 67, 68 stripper rollers,

lattice to the carder, with pairof feed rollers 76 and 74 is the feed board, 75 the evener.

I By altering the speed of the endless feeding lattices 63, 64 by one of: the? styles of reversing motions already described, when.

using laps, the time taken for-filling the scale receptacle, or the number 10f weighings, therefore the quantity of the different materials fed to the feeding lattice 7 3tand the.

carder7 6, '1, during a certainunit of time,

can be regulated to suit the desired mixing ratib.

For example if a simple shade of blue and white is to be spun, the hopper feed is'furnished with two separate receptacles, each having their separate feeding arrangement. The feeding arrangements for blue and white are put to work by cards (lags) in the following manner 1 It is assumedthat the car'der shall receive five prescribed loads (fillings) (subsequently called weighings) during a certain unit of.

time, in order to assure uniform work;

The feeding arrangement performs (weighing 1n the same un1t of tlme) Blue White OP-JNJOOI-PUTL-PWLDHO OIPPOONDHOHLQMI-PU! Or it is worked in this manner that instead of the necessary five weighings in the unit of time, only two are made, but for which the weighing ability of the scales is altered,

meaning that one weighing contains for example once 5 units and another time 10 units. A suitable arrangement for this, with corresponding form of the scale beams, is for example shown in Fig. 7 and 8, and indeed in Fig. 7 for two receptacles corresponding to Fig. 6 and 'Fig. 8.

The scale beams 77, 78, 77', 78 (corresponding to intimated beams71, 72 in Fig. 6')

are arranged with doublearms. A balance weight 80 respectively 80 rests on the one arm 78 respectively 7 8. A regulating weight 79 respectively 79 is shifted by means of a sleeve 82 respectively 82 and is pushed forward on the other arm 77, respectively 77. This'sleeve sits on a spindle 83 respectively 83' with rightand left-handed thread,wl1ich is driven from the main shaft 84 by a chain 85 or similar transmission. On account of these spindles 83, respectively 83 being crosscut, there is an automatic reversing of the" sleeve-movement. The sleeves of the weighlngearrangementsshown run 1n opposite dimains the same.

rections, so that the total delivery always realready described. The process can be used for all kindsof fibrous material, and accord 1 that they are only essentially'used for combining different coloured fleece, in alternate 1 dye "the readyuyar'ns or fabrics, w

mixture, to one fleece 'orsliver.

It is also possible to blend different kinds offibres, such as artificial silk and cotton,-in the carder, according to the'invention, and to regulate the mixing ratio at will and only hereby the different kinds of material take up the colour in difierent manner. I

Having now particularly described and as-V certained the nature of my invention and the manner in which it ismade and applied,-I declare that what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States'is: V

1. Carder for" producing slubbing or yarn from differently dyed fibres with altering mixing ratio'of the single coloured fibres between'O and 100% of the portions of the total 'material comprising'in combination mechanical arrangements for feeding each color of r the differentcoloured fibres, andadjustable' means for regul-atingtheamount of each single colour required. I

' -2.-Garder for producin slubbin'g or yarn from differently dyed fiEres-With: altering mixing ratio of the single'coloured fibres be tween 0 and 100% of the :portionsof thetotal material comprising in-combination arrange ments for feeding each color ofthe different colouredfibres, and ad'ustable means for reg 1 ulating the amount 0 each single colour re- V quired, sa1d regulatmg means being constructed for delivering? constantly; uniform tota-l quantities of'fibres'; but being adjustable for any desired'alt'erationof the constituent "ratios of-each single material.- -lq; e a r shaft-machines oflooms for obtaining pat-f- V V V points-of different directions'of movement I material comprising in combination separate" ,3; Carder for producing slubbing or yarn from differently ,dyed' fibres with altering I mixing ratio of-the' single coloured fibres -between 0 and100% of the portions gof the total material comprising'in combination arrangements for feeding-each color of the different 7 terned fabrics and delivering constantlyuniform total quantities offibres, but-being: a d justable for any desired alteration ofthe con stituent ratios'of each single materialr 1 4., Carder -for* p roducing slubbing or; yarn from differently dyedifibres with'altering mixing'ratio of thec'single coloured fibresfbetween 0 and 100%:0f theportionsof the total meansifor'feedingeach coIorof-thediEer ent coloured fibres and adjustable rneans" for regulating the amount of each single colour 5. Carder for producing Fslubbingor yarn from differently dyed; fibres ---withaltering mixing ratio of the single colouredfibresbe I tween 0 and 100% ofjthe'portionsof the total material comprising in combination separate means for feeding each colorof the differentcoloured fibresyand adjustable means for" regulating the amount of each' single colour required, saidadjustable means comprising ratchet Wheels-for driving 'said' -feedingr means, latch levers cooperating with saidl ratchet wheels, and an eccentric'pulley con' nected with the main driving shaft-0f, the carder-and moving said latch levers.- 7

6.Ga1'd61 for producing slubbing or yarn from differently dyed fibres with altering mixing ratio of the singlecoloured fibres be 7 tween 0 and100% of the iportionsoif the total material comprising in combination separate means for feedingeachcolor of the different coloured fibres; and adjustable "meansifor regulating the amount :offeachsingle-colour required, said adjustable means comprising ratchet wheels driving said"feeding means, latch levers cooperating with said ratchet wheels, and an eccentric pulley'connected with the main driving'shaft of the carder and movingsaid latch levers being adju'stably a rranged on a movable bearer so that they'may be attached to said bearer at points of'differei ent reaches ofmovement.

.17. Carder for producing slubbing or yarn from differently dyed fibres-"with "altering 'mixing ratio of'the single coloured fibres =b'etween 0 and of theportions'of the total material'comprising'in combination separate] 0 means for feeding the i diiferent 1 coloured fibres; and adjustable means for regulating the amount of each-single colour required,

said adjustable means comprising ratchet. 7 wheels driving said feeding ,means, latch leversco'operati'ng with' sai'dratchet wheels; r

and an eccentric pulley. connected with the main driving shaft of thecarder and moving H said latch levers, said eccentric pulleybeing' 'adjustably arrangedon a movablebearenso that they maybe attachedzto said bearer'at" i;

by a mechanically controlled arrangement.-

tions of the total material continuously, which total quantity of material is always maintained the same in each unit of time.

9. Process for producing slubbing or yarns from fibers of several difierent colors which consists in that the said slubbing, during the spinning process, is composed of difit'erently dyed fibers by feeding each single kind of unicolored material to a carder over the entire breadth partly simultaneously, partly consecutively by altering the mixing ratio of the single colored fibers between 0 and portions of the total material continuously, which total quantity of material is always maintained the same in each unit of time.

10. Process for producing slubbing or yarns from fibers of several diflerent colors which consists in that the said slubbing, during the spinning process, is automatically composed of difierently dyed fibers by automatically feeding each single kind. of unicolored material to a carder always over its entire breadth alternatively either simultane ously or consecutively by automatically altering the mixing ratio of the single colored fibers between zero and 100% portions of the total material continuously, constantly feeding each single-colored fibers over the entire breadth of the carder, the total quantity of material fed to the carder being always maintained automatically the same in each unit of time.

11. Process for producing slubbing or yarns from fibers of several different colors which consists in that the said slubbing, during the spinning process, is automatically composed of differently dyed fibers by automatically feeding each single kind of unircolored material to a carder always over its entire breadth partly simultaneously, partly consecutively by automatically altering the mixing ratio of the single colored fibers between zero and 100% portions of the total material continuously, constantly feeding each single colored fibers over the entire breadth of the carder the total quantity of material fed to the carder being always maintained automatically the same in each unit of time. a I a In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

' OSWALD HOFFMANN.

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